CN107315392A - The special-shaped workpiece nesting optimization algorithm and its tolerance algorithm of automatic feeder for punch - Google Patents

The special-shaped workpiece nesting optimization algorithm and its tolerance algorithm of automatic feeder for punch Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107315392A
CN107315392A CN201710387860.9A CN201710387860A CN107315392A CN 107315392 A CN107315392 A CN 107315392A CN 201710387860 A CN201710387860 A CN 201710387860A CN 107315392 A CN107315392 A CN 107315392A
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Prior art keywords
jacking
workpiece
plate
algorithm
automatic feeder
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CN201710387860.9A
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CN107315392B (en
Inventor
范启富
段炼
韩斐
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SHANGHAI BOTRANS AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT Co.,Ltd.
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Jiaxing Baocheng Automation Equipment Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/4097Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by using design data to control NC machines, e.g. CAD/CAM
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30Nc systems
    • G05B2219/32Operator till task planning
    • G05B2219/32153Exchange data between user, cad, caq, nc, capp

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of special-shaped workpiece nesting optimization algorithm of automatic feeder for punch and its tolerance algorithm, comprise the following steps:1)Carry out global modeling:The software parameters that spacing and angle between first plate picture of extraction, generation jacking template, each workpiece are read by automatic feeder for punch are determined;2)Search the suboptimization combination during jacking:The jacking template of mobile generation in units of single pixel point, the Number of Jobs that can be included in rear jacking template is moved by record more each time, the locally optimal solution in first plate picture is found, locally optimal solution is that jacking template can be inserted in the maximum number of workpiece;3)Complete after a jacking process, record the jacking coordinate of generation, be prepared to enter into jacking process next time;4)Global modeling is combined with suboptimization and matched, it is ensured that the locally optimal solution in all plate photos is combined into the globally optimal solution of plate.

Description

The special-shaped workpiece nesting optimization algorithm and its tolerance algorithm of automatic feeder for punch
Technical field
The present invention relates to computer software algorithm field, the special-shaped workpiece discharge of more particularly to a kind of automatic feeder for punch Optimized algorithm and its tolerance algorithm.
Background technology
With technology and expanding economy, the application of punch press is more and more extensive, it may be said that modern industry be unable to do without advanced The processing of punch press, such as plates of automobile, the processing of hardware, the processing of cabinet housing.
Traditional metal stamping parts are divided to two major classes:Large scale metallic article and hardware workpiece.Large scale metal system Product are mainly used in large scale equipment, such as plates of automobile, cabinet metal plate, heavy mechanical equipment, electrical equipment, large-scale consumer electronics Deng;Hardware workpiece is mainly large batch of small size parts, such as packing ring, lockset, bearing gasket, small metallic article.It is right In large-sized metallic article, it is necessary to which large-tonnage punch press and large platform numerical-control feed machine are processed, and raw materials are all Regular large scale sheet metal, therefore the prices of raw materials are costly;And for hardware workpiece, then mainly use medium and small ton The punch press processing of position, raw materials are mainly remaining " leftover pieces ", process after processing large scale metallic article It is substantially by artificial operation.Therefore, the processing of the hardware workpiece of enormous amount, at present all by manpower manual operations To complete the work such as feeding, discharge and punching press, not only dangerous higher, efficiency, quality, stock utilization etc. are also difficult to ensure that, And for the slightly larger raw material of weight or size, be only difficult to material serving punch press by single manpower, and do not give suitably Material mechanism works to complete feeding, greatly limit the utilization of this kind of material.China has carried forward vigorously industry certainly since reforming and opening up to the outside world Dynamic metaplasia production, into 21st century after advocate structural transformation of the economy again;On the other hand, Information technology is developed rapidly, computer Operational performance is greatly enhanced.Under such overall situation, the appearance of automatic feeder for punch changes punch press to a certain extent Produce more severe present situation.Automatic feeder for punch is the electromechanical integration equipment for aiding in punch press to realize automated production, always For, automatic feeder for punch can replace manual work, and the operating type of manual feeding, human eye jacking is modified into motor Feeding, NI Vision Builder for Automated Inspection is driven to be responsible for the production model of jacking.
It is the jacking algorithm after computer completes image procossing link to be currently based on the jacking algorithm flow of machine vision System is identified according to the picture photographed, analyzes the contours profiles of punching press plate, then passes through image recognition or reading Cad file obtains the profile of stamped workpieces, and this two groups of view data are converted into the accessible pixel value array of computer, passed through Computer supercomputing optimal combination carries out jacking.But the part for simply treating punching material reflected by each photo Situation, by greedy algorithm to obtaining globally optimal solution by locally optimal solution.
Research discovery is carried out for the jacking algorithm of existing automatic feeder for punch, existing algorithm operational efficiency is low Under, in complex part shape, under conditions of complex panel material wheel is wide, the local message obtained by single photo is often accumulated greatly The error of amount, causes final jacking effect undesirable.Meanwhile, existing jacking algorithm adaptation workpiece shapes are single, such as can only pin Jacking is carried out to the circular gasket workpiece of neat appearance, for complicated hardware workpiece, such as lockset, spanner, jump ring, jacking effect Rate can not reach higher standard with stock utilization.Other jacking result stability is poor, exists during jacking to available Plate is omitted in printing, situations such as stamped workpieces position is pulled open before and after leakage punching even.
For problem above, the present invention proposes a kind of new jacking algorithm, passes through the office obtained to each photo Portion's plate information carries out global modeling, the gap of maximized reduction locally optimal solution and globally optimal solution.Simultaneously for plate In the case that border is irregular, pass through algorithm optimization, it is to avoid because the missing of image pixel, cause algorithm to judge by accident and leak punching and omit in printing The problem of material, reduce and omitted in printing in conventional jacking algorithm, the problem of pulling open improves the utilization rate of sheet material.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome problem present in prior art jacking algorithm, and provide a kind of based on template set The special-shaped workpiece nesting optimization algorithm and its tolerance algorithm of the automatic feeder for punch of material.Add for special-shaped five metal working Part, such as chevron button, hardware spanner, the jacking of jump ring workpiece are supported, are omitted in printing by reducing in conventional jacking, that pulls open asks Topic, improves the stability of jacking and the utilization rate of plate.
The present invention the used technical scheme that solves the above problems is:A kind of special-shaped workpiece discharge of automatic feeder for punch Optimized algorithm, it is characterised in that:In turn include the following steps:
1) global modeling is carried out:First plate picture is extracted, wherein part photograph of first plate picture for plate Piece, then according to the spacing and angle between the shape of the workpiece of wanted punching press and each workpiece, so that jacking template is generated, The software parameters that spacing and angle between each workpiece are read by automatic feeder for punch are determined;
2) the suboptimization combination during jacking is searched:The jacking mould of mobile generation in units of single pixel point Plate, moves the Number of Jobs that can be included in rear jacking template by record, finds in first plate picture more each time In locally optimal solution, locally optimal solution is that jacking template can be inserted in the maximum number of workpiece;
3) complete after a jacking process, record the jacking coordinate of generation, be prepared to enter into jacking process next time;
4) global modeling is combined with suboptimization and matched, it is ensured that the local optimum system of solutions in all plate photos Synthesize the globally optimal solution of plate.
First plate picture can select the photo on the head of plate.When first plate dimension of picture of extraction is got over Greatly, closer to the size of whole plate, the locally optimal solution in first plate picture will be in acceptable error range Approach globally optimal solution.
Step 4) in, since second plate picture, obtained by topological relationship calculation in each plate picture Cover discharge position.In the plate picture subsequently obtained, because the arrangement of special-shaped workpiece has special topological relation, successive arrangement Hardware workpiece be often limited to the above location of workpiece that has arranged, so since second photo, you can quickly through Topological relationship calculation obtains the set discharge position in each plate picture, and jacking is carried out without the algorithm by template matches.
Step 2) in, jacking template moves a pixel along left and right or fore-and-aft direction each time, until left and right directions movement Distance be more than or equal to the length of workpiece, or, until the distance that fore-and-aft direction is moved is more than or equal to the length of a workpiece Degree.
When step 3) in when there is multiple locally optimal solutions, then among jacking stencil-chosen closest to the head of plate position Put.
The size of the jacking template is more than the size of first plate picture.
A kind of tolerance algorithm of the special-shaped workpiece nesting optimization algorithm of automatic feeder for punch, it is characterised in that:Including Following steps:
(1) profile of workpiece is scanned;
(2) judge the loss of learning of each pixel in the profile of workpiece with the presence or absence of plate while step (1) is carried out, The point of loss of learning is missing point;
(3) complete after scanning, carry out the statistics of missing point;
(4) tolerance judgement is made.
By the processing to image need by pixel be converted into computer can identifying processing binaryzation pixel data Point, there is loss of significance and error in this, the edge of plate especially in identification picture to a certain extent.Picture general at present Plain precision is that 1mm may cause 0.5mm error equal to the missing of the pixel of 2 pixels, i.e., 1, it is contemplated that existing jacking spacing Required precision reaches that the error at 1mm or so, slab edge easily causes omitting in printing for adjacent edges.The present invention is by devising one Tolerance algorithm is planted, by scanning the contour pixel of workpiece, is matched with the Pixel Information of plate, if defining plate in picture In a certain pixel be not present, and the situation that workpiece is present in the pixel is " pixel missing ".
The number of missing point is less than 10, that is, thinks there is pixel error.The number of " if pixel missing " 10 with Under, then it is assumed that loss of significance is probably that error of taking pictures causes, and jacking algorithm can ignore this error and remain to success in the case Jacking.
Compared with existing jacking algorithm, the present invention has following remarkable advantage:
The special-shaped workpiece nesting optimization algorithm for the automatic feeder for punch based on template jacking that the present invention is designed, Ke Yijian Hold the jacking of most of special-shaped hardware workpiece present on market, such as spanner workpiece, jump ring, chevron are buckled.Need not be for a certain Plant hardware & tools and carry out independent special design, according to the incidental visual template generating algorithm of jacking algorithm, once generate Preferable template, just can be immediately available for jacking.Meanwhile, by the global modeling to special-shaped hardware workpiece, except first local photograph Beyond the algorithm amount of calculation of piece is larger, the coordinate of remnant sheet part set shots can pass through the mutual topological relation of hardware workpiece Directly generate, will not produce and omit in printing, the problem of jacking is pulled open substantially increases the efficiency of jacking algorithm and reduced for calculating The dependence of machine performance, available for high-precision camera, the industrial occasions of low performance computer.Cause simultaneously it is following with low cost, Algorithm transplanting is carried out on the embedded computer of Simplified Performance has feasibility.The tolerance algorithm announced by the present invention, greatly It is big to reduce the problem of jacking is leaked in the edge taken pictures caused by error, improve the stability of jacking algorithm.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the chevron button workpiece algorithm effect comparison diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the broad flow diagram of the template generation algorithm of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the jacking algorithm broad flow diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the tolerance algorithm broad flow diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Above in wherein Fig. 1 is plate under the conditions of prior art after jacking, and lower section is bar of the embodiment of the present invention Plate under part after jacking.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the present invention is described in further detail by embodiment, following examples are to this hair Bright explanation and the invention is not limited in following examples.
Embodiment 1.
Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 4.
The difference of the present embodiment and existing jacking algorithm is, existing picture of the jacking algorithm based on each part Independent jacking is carried out to calculate, and the present embodiment proposes and approaches global optimum by the algorithm of locally optimal solution and template matches The special-shaped workpiece nesting optimization algorithm of the automatic feeder for punch of jacking.
The present embodiment is directed to the jacking algorithm demo system of chevron button hardware workpiece.The present embodiment applies existing visual template Generating algorithm, visual template generating algorithm automatically generates 20X20 or chi according to the workpiece spacing set, workpiece angle Very little bigger, smaller jacking template.The template generation algorithm of the present embodiment, for different special-shaped hardware workpiece or regular outer Shape workpiece, can automatically according to setting workpiece spacing, workpiece angle generates corresponding template.
Fig. 1 is that the special-shaped workpiece nesting optimization of automatic feeder for punch disclosed in existing jacking algorithm and the present embodiment is calculated Method is directed to the jacking Comparative result of chevron button.Can be evident that, automatic feeder for punch disclosed in the present embodiment it is different Shape workpiece nesting optimization algorithm is more stablized, and plate utilization rate is higher.
The special-shaped workpiece nesting optimization algorithm of the automatic feeder for punch of the present embodiment, for first plate extracted The jacking of picture uses the thinking of template matches, the jacking template of generation is placed on into the center of first plate picture, then Left and right or fore-and-aft direction move a pixel to jacking template each time, until the distance of left and right or fore-and-aft direction movement is more than or equal to The length of one workpiece.
Among movement each time, record compares the Number of Jobs that jacking template can be put down in current location, works as set The Number of Jobs identical situation that material template can be put down in different position presence, then jacking stencil-chosen position coordinates more adjunction The situation on nearly plate head so that plate utilization rate reaches potential highest, is eventually found the optimal placed location of jacking template, The globally optimal solution of as current plate picture, the locally optimal solution of overall plate.
The information for only needing to be obtained in first plate picture simultaneously expands as far as possible, i.e., constantly approach overall plate Full detail so that the global jacking template matches in local jacking template matches are placed for the first time template position and hypothesis The template position placed as close possible to, it is possible to the locally optimal solution that is obtained by photo maximizes and approaches global optimum Solution.
Traditional jacking algorithm, each plate picture is all the jacking for independently re-starting above-mentioned first plate picture Template matching algorithm, every photo jacking optimal situation is locally optimal solution.
And the present embodiment can be spelled the picture subsequently obtained after the template matches of first time chevron button workpiece are completed Connect, retain the trailer information of a upper figure, and trailer information and the topological relation of chevron button according to a upper figure, calculate Go out the position coordinates that current plate picture answers stamped workpieces.
The jacking of current plate picture is the trailer information for inheriting a plate picture completely, and with it is previously used every Jacking template is in same position, while identical with the previously used shape of template of jacking each time.In first time jacking In the case of approaching globally optimal solution as far as possible, follow-up jacking each time is all to maintain the jacking point close to globally optimal solution Cloth.Calculating performance requirement except first time jacking is higher, takes longer, performance requirement of the follow-up jacking calculating for computer It is not high, and result of calculation is quick, simple, reliable.
The present embodiment is in for plate picture in the processing of slab edge information, in face of pixel point tolerance that may be present Caused by jacking omit problem, devise a set of tolerance algorithm.
By the profile scan to chevron button workpiece, when jacking template is closely located at slab edge in plate picture When, by comparing the situation that plate of the workpiece at the pixel whether there is in picture, to judge the point with the presence or absence of possible Error.
When the plate information of the pixel of certain in picture is not present and there is workpiece information, the point is " pixel by the present embodiment Missing ", i.e. missing point.It is scanned by all pixels point to one-piece machine member profile, the missing point of statistical pixel, if picture The number of the missing point of element thinks may to be the presence of certain pixel error below 10, that is,.
In summary, a certain pixel jacking in for picture, if tolerance algorithm is judged in the jacking one Workpiece, the number of pixel missing point is below 10, and jacking algorithm disclosed in this invention can ignore the error, remains to successfully exist The picture position carries out jacking.
Furthermore, it is necessary to explanation, the specific embodiment described in this specification, is named the shape of its parts and components Title etc. can be different, and the above content described in this specification is only to structure example explanation of the present invention.It is all according to The equivalence changes or simple change done according to the construction described in inventional idea of the present invention, feature and principle, are included in this hair In the protection domain of bright patent.Those skilled in the art can do various to described specific embodiment The modification of various kinds or supplement or using similar mode substitute, without departing from the present invention structure or surmount present claims Scope defined in book, all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of special-shaped workpiece nesting optimization algorithm of automatic feeder for punch, it is characterised in that:In turn include the following steps:
1) global modeling is carried out:First plate picture is extracted, wherein first plate picture is a part of photo of plate, so Afterwards according to the spacing and angle between the shape of the workpiece of wanted punching press and each workpiece, so as to generate jacking template, each The software parameters that spacing and angle between workpiece are read by automatic feeder for punch are determined;
2) the suboptimization combination during jacking is searched:The jacking template of mobile generation, leads in units of single pixel point The Number of Jobs that can be included in rear jacking template is moved in overwriting more each time, finds the office in first plate picture Portion's optimal solution, locally optimal solution is that jacking template can be inserted in the maximum number of workpiece;
3) complete after a jacking process, record the jacking coordinate of generation, be prepared to enter into jacking process next time;
4) global modeling is combined with suboptimization and matched, it is ensured that the locally optimal solution in all plate photos is combined into For the globally optimal solution of plate.
2. the special-shaped workpiece nesting optimization algorithm of automatic feeder for punch according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Step 4) in, since second plate picture, the set discharge position in each plate picture is obtained by topological relationship calculation.
3. the special-shaped workpiece nesting optimization algorithm of automatic feeder for punch according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: Step 2) in, jacking template moves a pixel along left and right or fore-and-aft direction each time, until the distance that left and right directions is moved is big In the length equal to a workpiece, or, until the distance that fore-and-aft direction is moved is more than or equal to the length of a workpiece.
4. the special-shaped workpiece nesting optimization algorithm of automatic feeder for punch according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:Work as step It is rapid 2) in when there is multiple locally optimal solutions, then among jacking stencil-chosen closest to the head of plate position.
5. the special-shaped workpiece nesting optimization algorithm of automatic feeder for punch according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: The size of the jacking template is more than the size of first plate picture.
6. a kind of special-shaped workpiece nesting optimization of the automatic feeder for punch based on as described in claim 1-5 any claims The tolerance algorithm of algorithm, it is characterised in that:Comprise the following steps:
(1) profile of workpiece is scanned;
(2) judge that each pixel is with the presence or absence of the loss of learning of plate, information in the profile of workpiece while step (1) is carried out The point of missing is missing point;
(3) complete after scanning, carry out the statistics of missing point;
(4) tolerance judgement is made.
7. the tolerance algorithm of the special-shaped workpiece nesting optimization algorithm of automatic feeder for punch according to claim 6, its It is characterised by:The number of missing point is less than 10, that is, thinks there is pixel error.
CN201710387860.9A 2017-05-27 2017-05-27 Special-shaped workpiece discharging optimization algorithm of automatic feeder of punch press and tolerance algorithm thereof Active CN107315392B (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110449755A (en) * 2019-07-16 2019-11-15 奔腾激光(温州)有限公司 A kind of image jacking system of laser cutting device
CN115146332A (en) * 2022-07-25 2022-10-04 广州市圆方计算机软件工程有限公司 Wood-made ceiling board material discharge optimization method

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JP2001191122A (en) * 1999-11-01 2001-07-17 Honda Motor Co Ltd Control data preparation method for pressing through bending machine
CN103203416A (en) * 2013-04-15 2013-07-17 无锡信捷电气股份有限公司 Punch feeding machine capable of discharging materials with machine visual guidance
CN106216545A (en) * 2016-08-11 2016-12-14 成都柯博特自动化科技有限公司 A kind of production method based on intelligent vision feeder
CN205834865U (en) * 2016-07-07 2016-12-28 上海兰众自动化设备有限公司 A kind of robot is to Machinery Tool Automation loading and unloading integrated system

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001191122A (en) * 1999-11-01 2001-07-17 Honda Motor Co Ltd Control data preparation method for pressing through bending machine
CN103203416A (en) * 2013-04-15 2013-07-17 无锡信捷电气股份有限公司 Punch feeding machine capable of discharging materials with machine visual guidance
CN205834865U (en) * 2016-07-07 2016-12-28 上海兰众自动化设备有限公司 A kind of robot is to Machinery Tool Automation loading and unloading integrated system
CN106216545A (en) * 2016-08-11 2016-12-14 成都柯博特自动化科技有限公司 A kind of production method based on intelligent vision feeder

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110449755A (en) * 2019-07-16 2019-11-15 奔腾激光(温州)有限公司 A kind of image jacking system of laser cutting device
CN115146332A (en) * 2022-07-25 2022-10-04 广州市圆方计算机软件工程有限公司 Wood-made ceiling board material discharge optimization method
CN115146332B (en) * 2022-07-25 2024-04-12 广州市圆方计算机软件工程有限公司 Wood ceiling material discharging optimization method

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