CN107311713A - A kind of preparation method of use KOH modification biologicals charcoal fertilizer - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of use KOH modification biologicals charcoal fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN107311713A CN107311713A CN201610263652.3A CN201610263652A CN107311713A CN 107311713 A CN107311713 A CN 107311713A CN 201610263652 A CN201610263652 A CN 201610263652A CN 107311713 A CN107311713 A CN 107311713A
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- charcoal fertilizer
- fertilizer
- charcoal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G1/00—Mixtures of fertilisers belonging individually to different subclasses of C05
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation method of use KOH modification biologicals charcoal fertilizer, comprise the following steps：（1）Biomass material and human and animal excreta are dried or dried respectively, powder is ground into, it is standby（2）By the biomass material after processing, human and animal excreta and catalyst in mass ratio 3:2:1 carries out mixing of weighing（3）It is dehydrated deoxygenation（4）Cracking carbonization（5）Charcoal fertilizer and KOH solution are mixed, is filtered after stirring a period of time, washes, dries, that is, obtain modified charcoal fertilizer.The preparation method that the present invention is provided is simple, and prepared charcoal fertilizer heavy metal ionic adsorption performance is greatly improved, and desorption and regeneration may be reused after absorption, and fertilizer efficiency is high.After being manured into soil, it can both improve soil texture, fertilizer is may act as again, so that the need for preferably meeting plant growth.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the high-valued comprehensive utilization of biomass resource and field of environment pollution control, and in particular to one kind is adopted
With the preparation method of KOH modification biologicals charcoal fertilizer.
Background technology
Whether in cereal crops or the field of planting in industrial crops, just carried for a long time using the means of fertilising
High crop yield and quality.From earliest administration farm organic fertilizer to applying inorganic fertilizer, then to applying compound organic and inorganic fertilizer.Apply
Fertile species, dose and proportioning etc. all have a great impact to cereal crops or yield of commercial crops and quality.Traditional fertilizer
Although especially compound organic and inorganic fertilizer serves good effect in terms of crop yield is improved.But, traditional fertilizer is deposited
It is unreasonable in composition and nutrient formula, soil fertility can hardly be recovered, improve soil texture, or even can also produce side effect,
Cause soil hardening etc..
The survival and development of the mankind are all the time along with the generation of substantial amounts of people and animal residue, with carrying that people live
Height, pollution of the human and animal excreta to environment is also increasingly serious.First, substantial amounts of organic matter and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium etc. are contained in human and animal excreta
Material, if directly discharging, can cause water pollution and eutrophication.Secondly, a large amount of pathogen are contained in excrement, easily trigger big
The prevalence of scale infectious disease.Again, organic matter rots to produce toxic and harmful gas after decomposing in fecal sewage, occurs stench.This
A little severe contaminations the earth, water body, air and biocoene, and to health generation potential threat.While human and animal excreta
The features such as mostly having that moisture content is high, be difficult to store, making moist perishable, causes that cost of transportation is big, storage area is big and is processed into
The problems such as this is high.Therefore seeking suitable human and animal excreta processing method has realistic meaning and Commercial Prospect.
China produces about 1,000,000,000 tons of biomass per year, wherein only the stalk amount of the staple crop such as corn, paddy rice, wheat is just more than 5
Hundred million tons.With the increase of China's grain-production total amount, this numeral also will further improve.In face of so huge resource, mesh
It is preceding be still not carried out it is extensive rationally, efficiently and high-value-use, and based on traditional Land use systems.Current processing method is main
There are 5 kinds of Land use systems such as Fertilizer Transformed, fodder, base-material, turning sludge into fuel and raw material, wherein Fertilizer Transformed, fodder, base-material
Belong to chemurgy Land use systems, turning sludge into fuel and raw materialization, which are utilized, belongs to industrialized utilization pattern.Due to existing, utilization ways are few, advise
Mould is small and the low problem of value, and substantial amounts of biomass resource is thrown aside or burned, and causes the wasting of resources and serious environment
Pollution.Therefore, seeking biomass functionalization and higher value application new technology turns into focus of concern.Wherein, pyrolysis carbonization
Technology is that the biomass comprehensive progressively grown up in recent years utilizes technology, and it can accomplish air-liquid, charcoal coproduction, be then used as
Clean energy resource utilization and function raw material are utilized.Because charcoal is loose porous, surface oxygen functional group abundant, Environmental
Matter is stable, there is important application prospect in soil pollution reparation and field of water pollution control as function adsorbent.But it is traditional
Charcoal is due to its raw material and preparation method, and its microcellular structure is on the low side, specific surface area is also less than normal, its absorption property and
Stability is very limited；Meanwhile, the plant nutrient such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium of traditional biological charcoal and other trace element contain
Amount is extremely low, generally requires to coordinate other fertilizer to strengthen fertilizer efficiency in administration, causes cost and the increase of labour.So improving
The absorption property and fertilizer efficiency of charcoal are to realize biomass functionalization and an important striving direction of higher value application.
The content of the invention
To overcome the above not enough, the invention provides a kind of preparation method of use KOH modification biologicals charcoal fertilizer.Using process
On the one hand the treated plant ash of specific process can be significantly increased micropore to increase Large ratio surface as catalyst, the catalyst
Product, improves its absorption property；On the other hand can have additional nutrients element N, P, K and various trace elements, substantially without extra
Add other fertilizer.Using the preparation method of KOH modification biologicals charcoal fertilizer, it is to be modified using chemical method, makes its surface function
Mass contg changes, and with suitable stability, improves the utilization ratio of biomass resource, solves stalk and is difficult to drop
Solution, the problem recycled, with extremely far-reaching social effect and economic value.
To realize object above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of preparation method of use KOH modification biologicals charcoal fertilizer, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）The selection and preparation of biomass material
Biomass material used is maize straw, wheat stalk, rice straw, cotton stalk, corncob, cotton seed hulls, rice husk, flower
Raw shell, beans shell, shell, bagasse, pericarp, dish leaf outer leaf, etc. outer fruit, cull fruit, the residual branch of trees, one kind in wood chip or some
Any mixture planted.Dry or dry, be ground into powder, mix, obtain raw material 1；Wherein, the water content control of biomass material
System is below 10%；
（2）The selection and preparation of human and animal excreta
The human and animal excreta of selection is dried or dried, powder is ground into, mixes, obtains raw material 2；Wherein, the water content of human and animal excreta
Control is below 20%；
（3）Weigh and mix
By raw material 1, raw material 2 and catalyst in mass ratio 3:2:1 carries out mixing of weighing, wherein the catalyst is plant ash water
After dissolving, PH to 8.2 ~ 8.6 is adjusted with ammoniacal liquor, is then filtered, freeze-drying is formed；
（4）It is dehydrated deoxygenation
By step（3）The compound of gained is put into filling rate in pyrolysis material bin, storehouse and is more than 80%, and material bin is heated into 150
DEG C ~ 200 DEG C, and 20 ~ 60 minutes are incubated, residual air in storehouse is fully discharged using the vapor of generation；
（5）Cracking carbonization
By step（4）In compound feeding cracking apparatus after processing, 250 DEG C ~ 260 DEG C are warming up to, the temperature 10 ~ 15 is kept
Minute, 460 DEG C ~ 470 DEG C were then warming up in 5 minutes, and temperature 3h ~ 4h is kept, then it was chilled to 150 in 3 minutes
DEG C ~ 180 DEG C, keep the temperature 30 ~ 60 minutes, material is fully completed natural cooling after carbonization, obtain charcoal fertilizer.
（6）By step（5）Middle gained charcoal fertilizer and KOH solution mixing, stirring a period of time after filtered, water
Wash, dry, that is, obtain modified charcoal fertilizer.
As preferred technical scheme, the plant ash is the plant ash obtained after arbor is burnt.Grass after arbor burning
Wood ash, impurity is less, the also more conducively reservation of nutritional ingredient and the locking to biomass, the nutritional ingredient of human and animal excreta.In addition,
Many such as plastic molding and processing plants of factory can carry out fully reclaiming profit as substantial amounts of plant ash is produced after the arbor burning of fuel to it
With.
As preferred technical scheme, using 0.45 μm of filter membrane during filtering.Using thinner aperture, it can filter out big absolutely
Partial impurities, the enrichment of formation and nutrient beneficial to charcoal micropore is retained.
As preferred technical scheme, the equivalent concentration of described KOH solution is 2N, KOH solution and charcoal fertilizer use
Amount is than being 250mL: 1g.
It is of the invention that there is following distinguishing feature and beneficial effect compared with existing preparation method：
1st, using the plant ash treated by specific process as catalyst, on the one hand the catalyst can be significantly increased micro-
Hole, increase specific surface area, on the other hand can be with so as to preferably increase the soil organism, absorb heavy metal, improved soil
Element N, P, K and trace element have additional nutrients including Ca, Mn, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu etc., it is substantially fertile without additionally adding other
Material.
2nd, compared with existing charcoal fertilizer or class charcoal fertilizer effect, the modified life obtained by the preparation method of the present invention is utilized
The absorption property of thing charcoal fertilizer heavy metal is greatly improved.
3rd, the present invention is to be modified using chemical method, is made containing for its surface functional group using KOH modification biologicals charcoal fertilizer
Amount changes, with suitable stability.
4th, the preparation method that the present invention is provided is simple, mild condition, it is easy to industrialized production, and does not result in additional ring
Border is endangered, and is improved biomass resource utilization efficiency, the problem that stalk is difficult to degrade, recycle is solved, with extremely far-reaching
Social effect and economic value.
5th, using human and animal excreta and biomass mixture as primary raw material, compared with the life for making raw material acquisition merely with biomass
Thing charcoal contains more rich nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace element.
6th, the easy organic carbon that decomposes is converted into stable fixed carbon, reduces the discharge of carbon dioxide in air, be conducive to
Improve Global climate change.
7th, using distinctive cleavage method of the invention, battalion useful to crop in biomass and human and animal excreta can also be pinned
Supporting element includes trace element, it is ensured that it reduces loss in cracking process and is not lost in even, reduces the loss of nutrient,
So as to the need for preferably meeting plant growth.
8th, reasonable effective recycling has been carried out to substantial amounts of biomass and human and animal excreta, has greatly reduced atmosphere pollution
And environmental pollution.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.Obviously, described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole realities
Apply example.Based on the embodiment in invention, what those of ordinary skill in the art were obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Every other embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1：
Using the preparation method of KOH modification biologicals charcoal fertilizer, step is as follows：
（1）The selection and preparation of biomass material
Maize straw is dried or dried, powder is ground into, is mixed, wherein, the water content control of maize straw is below 8%；
（2）The selection and preparation of human and animal excreta
Human and animal excreta is dried or dried, powder is ground into, is mixed, wherein, the water content control of human and animal excreta is below 16%；
（3）Weigh and mix
Step will be passed through（1）、（2）Maize straw, human and animal excreta and catalyst in mass ratio 3 after processing:2:1 progress is weighed mixed
Close, wherein, catalyst is after the plant ash water obtained after cypress is burnt dissolves, to adjust PH to 8.2 with ammoniacal liquor, then mistake
Filter, using 0.45 μm of filter membrane during filtering, is freeze-dried obtained material；
（4）It is dehydrated deoxygenation：By step（3）It is 85% that the compound of gained, which is put into filling rate in pyrolysis material bin, storehouse, by material bin
150 DEG C are heated to, and continues 60 minutes, residual air and vapor are discharged by exhaust outlet in material bin during this, is carried out
After energy regenerating, the waste liquid of acquisition is discharged into sewage disposal system, and a small amount of vapor is remained in material bin；
（5）Cracking carbonization：By in the compound feeding cracking apparatus in material bin, 250 DEG C are warming up to, 10 points of the temperature is kept
Clock, was then warming up to 470 DEG C in 5 minutes, and kept the temperature 3 hours, and 150 DEG C were then chilled in 3 minutes, and keeping should
Temperature 30 minutes, obtains charcoal fertilizer.Biosynthesis gas and bio oil can be produced in above-mentioned preparation process, can be using known
Mode be collected and comprehensively utilize；
（6）2.0g is taken to pass through step（5）Obtained charcoal fertilizer is mixed with 500mL equivalent concentration for 2N KOH solution, is fully stirred
Mix and filtered, washed after 1 hour, dried, that is, obtain modification biological charcoal fertilizer.
Embodiment 2：
Using the preparation method of KOH modification biologicals charcoal fertilizer, step is as follows：
（1）The selection and preparation of biomass material
Wheat stalk is dried or dried, powder is ground into, is mixed, wherein, the water content control of wheat stalk is below 6%；
（2）The selection and preparation of human and animal excreta
Human and animal excreta is dried or dried, powder is ground into, is mixed, wherein, the water content control of human and animal excreta is below 15%；
（3）Weigh and mix
Step will be passed through（1）、（2）Wheat stalk, human and animal excreta and catalyst in mass ratio 3 after processing:2:1 progress is weighed mixed
Close, wherein, catalyst is after the plant ash water obtained after cypress is burnt dissolves, to adjust PH to 8.2 with ammoniacal liquor, then mistake
Filter, using 0.45 μm of filter membrane during filtering, is freeze-dried obtained material；
（4）It is dehydrated deoxygenation：By step（3）It is 85% that the compound of gained, which is put into filling rate in pyrolysis material bin, storehouse, by material bin
200 DEG C are heated to, and continues 20 minutes, residual air and vapor are excluded by exhaust outlet in material bin during this, is carried out
After energy regenerating, the waste liquid of acquisition is discharged into sewage disposal system, and a small amount of vapor is remained in material bin；
（5）Cracking carbonization：By in the compound feeding cracking apparatus in material bin, 260 DEG C are warming up to, 10 points of the temperature is kept
Clock, was then warming up to 460 DEG C in 5 minutes, and kept the temperature 4 hours, and 180 DEG C were then chilled in 3 minutes, and keeping should
Temperature 60 minutes, obtains charcoal fertilizer.Biosynthesis gas and bio oil can be produced in above-mentioned preparation process, can be using known
Mode be collected and comprehensively utilize；
（6）3.0g is taken to pass through step（5）Obtained charcoal fertilizer is mixed with 750mL equivalent concentration for 2N KOH solution, is fully stirred
Filtered, washed, dried after 2 hours, that is, obtain modification biological charcoal fertilizer.
Embodiment 3：
Using the preparation method of KOH modification biologicals charcoal fertilizer, step is as follows：
（1）The selection and preparation of biomass material：Wood chip is dried or dried, it is ground into powder, mixes, wherein, wood chip contains
Water rate control is below 9%；
（2）The selection and preparation of human and animal excreta：Human and animal excreta is dried or dried, powder is ground into, is mixed, wherein, dung polluted water
Just water content control is below 18%；
（3）Weigh and mix：Step will be passed through（1）、（2）Wood chip, human and animal excreta and catalyst in mass ratio 3 after processing:2:1
Progress is weighed mixing, wherein, catalyst is after the plant ash water obtained after cypress is burnt dissolves, with ammoniacal liquor adjust PH to
8.2, then filter, using 0.45 μm of filter membrane during filtering, be freeze-dried obtained material；
（4）It is dehydrated deoxygenation：By step（3）It is 85% that the compound of middle gained, which is put into filling rate in pyrolysis material bin, storehouse, by material
Storehouse is heated to 175 DEG C, and continues 40 minutes, and residual air and vapor are discharged by exhaust outlet in material bin during this, are entered
After row energy regenerating, the waste liquid of acquisition is discharged into sewage disposal system, and a small amount of vapor is remained in material bin；
（5）Cracking carbonization：By in the compound feeding cracking apparatus in material bin, 260 DEG C are warming up to, 12 points of the temperature is kept
Clock, was then warming up to 466 DEG C in 5 minutes, and kept the temperature 3 hours, and 160 DEG C were then chilled in 3 minutes, and keeping should
Temperature 40 minutes, obtains charcoal fertilizer.Biosynthesis gas and bio oil can be produced in above-mentioned preparation process, can be using known
Mode be collected and comprehensively utilize.
（6）4.0g is taken to pass through step（5）Obtained charcoal fertilizer is mixed with 1000mL equivalent concentration for 2N KOH solution,
Fully stir and filtered, washed after 3 hours, dried, that is, obtain modification biological charcoal fertilizer.
One aspect of the present invention uses the plant ash treated by specific process as catalyst, can not only be significantly increased
Micropore improves its absorption property, but also can have additional nutrients element N, P, K and lot of trace member so as to increase specific surface area
Element, improves fertilizer efficiency.On the other hand because KOH solution has certain cleaning action, modified charcoal fertilizer to charcoal fertilizer
Surface impurity level is reduced, and pore structure marshalling, oxygen-containing functional group content substantially increases.Simultaneously as this method is profit
The modification chemically carried out, therefore with suitable stability.The absorption of prepared charcoal fertilizer not only heavy metal
Performance is greatly enhanced, and fertilizer efficiency is high.Not only increase biomass resource utilization efficiency, and solve stalk be difficult to degrade,
The problem of recycling, with extremely far-reaching social effect and economic value.
The present invention is illustrated by specific implementation process, without departing from the present invention, can be with
Various conversion and equal replacement are carried out to patent of the present invention, therefore, patent of the present invention is not limited to disclosed specific implementation
Journey, and whole embodiments for falling into scope of the patent claims of the present invention should be included.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of preparation method of use KOH modification biologicals charcoal fertilizer, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）The selection and preparation of biomass material
Biomass material used is maize straw, wheat stalk, rice straw, cotton stalk, corncob, cotton seed hulls, rice husk, flower
Raw shell, beans shell, shell, bagasse, pericarp, dish leaf outer leaf, etc. outer fruit, cull fruit, the residual branch of trees, one kind in wood chip or some
Any mixture planted；
Dry or dry, be ground into powder, mix, obtain raw material 1；Wherein, the water content control of biomass material 10% with
Under；
（2）The selection and preparation of human and animal excreta
The human and animal excreta of selection is dried or dried, powder is ground into, mixes, obtains raw material 2；Wherein, the water content of human and animal excreta
Control is below 20%；
（3）Weigh and mix
By raw material 1, raw material 2 and catalyst in mass ratio 3:2:1 carries out mixing of weighing, wherein the catalyst is plant ash water
After dissolving, PH to 8.2 ~ 8.6 is adjusted with ammoniacal liquor, is then filtered, freeze-drying is formed；
（4）It is dehydrated deoxygenation
By step（3）The compound of gained is put into filling rate in pyrolysis material bin, storehouse and is more than 80%, and material bin is heated into 150
DEG C ~ 200 DEG C, and 20 ~ 60 minutes are incubated, residual air in storehouse is fully discharged using the vapor of generation；
（5）Cracking carbonization
By step（4）In compound feeding cracking apparatus after processing, 250 DEG C ~ 260 DEG C are warming up to, the temperature 10 ~ 15 is kept
Minute, 460 DEG C ~ 470 DEG C were then warming up in 5 minutes, and temperature 3h ~ 4h is kept, then it was chilled to 150 in 3 minutes
DEG C ~ 180 DEG C, keep the temperature 30 ~ 60 minutes, material is fully completed natural cooling after carbonization, obtain charcoal fertilizer；
（6）By step（5）Filtered after charcoal fertilizer and the KOH solution mixing of middle gained, stirring 1h ~ 3h, wash, dry,
Obtain modified charcoal fertilizer.
2. a kind of preparation method of use KOH modification biologicals charcoal fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Plant ash is the plant ash obtained after arbor is burnt.
3. a kind of preparation method of use KOH modification biologicals charcoal fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Filtering
0.45 μm of filter membrane of Shi Caiyong.
4. a kind of preparation method of use KOH modification biologicals charcoal fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
The equivalent concentration of KOH solution is 2N, and the amount ratio of KOH solution and charcoal fertilizer is 250mL: 1g.
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| CN201610263652.3A CN107311713A (en) | 2016-04-26 | 2016-04-26 | A kind of preparation method of use KOH modification biologicals charcoal fertilizer |
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| CN201610263652.3A CN107311713A (en) | 2016-04-26 | 2016-04-26 | A kind of preparation method of use KOH modification biologicals charcoal fertilizer |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109180313A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2019-01-11 | 苏州格瑞格登新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of agricultural soil reparation soil-repairing agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN110743494A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2020-02-04 | 竹溪县环境监测站 | Corncob modified activated carbon soil heavy metal adsorption material and preparation method thereof |
| CN114409479A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-04-29 | 海南大学 | Soil conditioner derived from waste straw mixed with agricultural plastics and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103274778A (en) * | 2013-06-09 | 2013-09-04 | 北京科技大学 | Method for producing charcoal fertilizer |
| CN103922831A (en) * | 2014-05-08 | 2014-07-16 | 赵月 | Biochar fertilizer and preparing method thereof |
| CN104069813A (en) * | 2014-07-11 | 2014-10-01 | 南开大学 | Method for preparing modified wheat straw hydrothermal charcoal by adopting KOH |
| CN105289485A (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2016-02-03 | 环境保护部华南环境科学研究所 | Method for preparing modified biochar through ferrate oxidation under alkaline condition |
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2016
- 2016-04-26 CN CN201610263652.3A patent/CN107311713A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103274778A (en) * | 2013-06-09 | 2013-09-04 | 北京科技大学 | Method for producing charcoal fertilizer |
| CN103922831A (en) * | 2014-05-08 | 2014-07-16 | 赵月 | Biochar fertilizer and preparing method thereof |
| CN104069813A (en) * | 2014-07-11 | 2014-10-01 | 南开大学 | Method for preparing modified wheat straw hydrothermal charcoal by adopting KOH |
| CN105289485A (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2016-02-03 | 环境保护部华南环境科学研究所 | Method for preparing modified biochar through ferrate oxidation under alkaline condition |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109180313A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2019-01-11 | 苏州格瑞格登新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of agricultural soil reparation soil-repairing agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN110743494A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2020-02-04 | 竹溪县环境监测站 | Corncob modified activated carbon soil heavy metal adsorption material and preparation method thereof |
| CN110743494B (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2022-05-27 | 竹溪县环境监测站 | Corncob modified activated carbon soil heavy metal adsorption material and preparation method thereof |
| CN114409479A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-04-29 | 海南大学 | Soil conditioner derived from waste straw mixed with agricultural plastics and preparation method thereof |
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