CN107310216B - Chopped ramie fiber/carbon fiber/thermoplastic polymer composite material plate - Google Patents

Chopped ramie fiber/carbon fiber/thermoplastic polymer composite material plate Download PDF

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CN107310216B
CN107310216B CN201710530596.XA CN201710530596A CN107310216B CN 107310216 B CN107310216 B CN 107310216B CN 201710530596 A CN201710530596 A CN 201710530596A CN 107310216 B CN107310216 B CN 107310216B
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thermoplastic polymer
sheet stock
chopped
fiber
carbon fiber
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CN107310216A (en
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盛旭敏
谭伟文
吴承操
李又兵
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Chongqing University of Technology
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Chongqing University of Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/58—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/72—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29B7/728—Measuring data of the driving system, e.g. torque, speed, power, vibration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/007—Tempering units for temperature control of moulds or cores, e.g. comprising heat exchangers, controlled valves, temperature-controlled circuits for fluids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/08—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer the fibres or filaments of a layer being of different substances, e.g. conjugate fibres, mixture of different fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
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    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/02—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising animal or vegetable substances, e.g. cork, bamboo, starch
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B9/047—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material made of fibres or filaments
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C08L23/06—Polyethene
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/20—All layers being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0253—Polyolefin fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/06—Vegetal fibres
    • B32B2262/062—Cellulose fibres, e.g. cotton
    • B32B2262/065—Lignocellulosic fibres, e.g. jute, sisal, hemp, flax, bamboo
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/54—Yield strength; Tensile strength
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/558—Impact strength, toughness
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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    • C08K2201/004—Additives being defined by their length
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    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
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    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/14—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing polymeric additives characterised by shape
    • C08L2205/16—Fibres; Fibrils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C08L2207/00—Properties characterising the ingredient of the composition
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of chopped ramie fiber/carbon fiber/thermoplastic polymer composite material plates, are sandwich structure, are made of upper and lower surface layer and intermediate core layer hot pressing；The upper and lower surface layer is chopped ramie fiber/thermoplastic polymer sheets material, and intermediate core layer is chopped carbon fiber/thermoplastic polymer sheets material.The present invention overlaps compacting again after mixing flaxen fiber, carbon fiber with the thermoplastic polymer of half dosage respectively in flakes have special sandwich structure, efficiently solve the problems, such as that thermoplastic polymer and plant fiber and carbon fiber mixing are difficult, plant fiber and carbon fiber is set to be uniformly dispersed in thermoplastic polymer, to improve the performance of composite material.Simplify with technical process, operates simpler feature.Chopped strand/thermoplastic polymer composite material produced by the present invention has both the multiple advantage of carbon fiber, plant fiber and thermoplastic polymer, and mechanical property is splendid, can be recycled, degradable, preparation method is easy to operate.

Description

Chopped ramie fiber/carbon fiber/thermoplastic polymer composite material plate
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of polymer composites plates and preparation method thereof, and in particular to a kind of chopped ramie fiber/carbon Fiber/thermoplastic polymer composites plate and preparation method thereof, belongs to field of compound material.
Background technique
In recent years, flourishing with the lightweight of vehicle material and new-energy automobile, using carbon fiber as reinforcing material Polymer matrix composite plate dosage in the automotive industry rise rapidly, application range exterior trim traditional from automobile Part, inside gadget, air-conditioning part expand to all multiple components such as the structural member including engine and chassis.
The composite material that automobile industry uses at present is based on carbon fiber (long fine) enhancing thermoset polymer matrix composite. And the prior development direction of automobile-used high molecular material from now on is in addition to lightweight, high performance, the feature of environmental protection to material and can return The property received is it is also proposed that requirements at the higher level.Thermoplastic polymer has good recuperability compared with thermosetting polymer；With flaxen fiber There is Biodegradable for the plant fiber of representative, the degradation of composite scrap object can be accelerated, there is the preferable feature of environmental protection. If plant fiber and carbon fiber are used in mixed way in thermoplastic polymer, performance, environmental protection can be taken into account and can be recycled and wanted It asks, has broad application prospects in automobile industry.
Compared with long fibre/polymer composites, chopped strand/polymer composites with more automated production and Cost advantage.Usually, chopped strand includes the shorter inorfil and organic fiber of all length, chopped strand be by Long fibre is chopped through fibre cutting equipment and forms, and range covers the shorter inorganic or organic fiber of all length.But it will be short The composite panel mechanical property prepared after fiber, chopped carbon fiber are directly mixed with thermoplastic polymer that cuts plant is not made us It is satisfied.Main reason is that: the easy aggregation of be chopped plant fiber, chopped carbon fiber is agglomerating, and thermoplastic poly is added simultaneously in the two It closes and will lead to the increase of mixing difficulty in object, and be difficult to be uniformly dispersed in thermoplastic polymer, to make composite panel performance Deterioration.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of chopped ramie fiber/carbon fiber/ Thermoplastic polymer composite material plate solves chopped ramie fiber/carbon fiber/thermoplastic polymer composite material plate mechanical property The problems such as not strong.
The present invention also provides chopped ramie fiber/carbon fiber/thermoplastic polymer composite material plate preparation methods, solve Be chopped plant fiber, chopped carbon fiber and thermoplastic polymer composition processing difficulties, the uncontrollable problem of quality.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a kind of cast tow cuts fiber/carbon fiber/thermoplastic poly Compound composite material plate, which is characterized in that be sandwich structure, be made of upper and lower surface layer and intermediate core layer hot pressing；It is described upper and lower Surface layer is chopped ramie fiber/thermoplastic polymer sheets material, and intermediate core layer is chopped carbon fiber/thermoplastic polymer sheets material.
Further, the chopped ramie fiber/thermoplastic polymer sheets material is polymerize by chopped ramie fiber, expanding material and thermoplasticity Object is that the raw material of 10:1.0-2.0:50 is kneaded by weight；The chopped carbon fiber/thermoplastic polymer sheets material is by being chopped Carbon fiber, expanding material and thermoplastic polymer are that 5:1.0-2.0:50 is kneaded by weight.
The thermoplastic polymer uses low density polyethylene (LDPE), and the expanding material is maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of chopped ramie fiber/carbon fiber/thermoplastic polymer composite material plate, packets Include following steps:
1) sodium hydrate aqueous solution of flaxen fiber mass concentration 2% impregnates for 24 hours (alkali process) to clean dry is spare afterwards；
2) flaxen fiber, expanding material and thermoplastic polymer are kneaded in two-roll mill and obtain sheet stock at composite material sheet stock I, component proportion are same as above；
3) carbon fiber, expanding material and thermoplastic polymer are kneaded in two-roll mill and obtain sheet stock at composite material sheet stock II, component proportion are same as above；
4) sheet stock I, sheet stock II are cut by die size, sheet stock II is placed between two sheet stock I, it is made to be overlapped into " piece The sandwich structure for expecting I- sheet stock II- sheet stock I ", then puts it into pressing die, is placed in hot-forming in vulcanizing press, hot pressing Temperature is according to thermoplastic polymer Mold Temperatures set.
And chopped strand is belonged to the present invention relates to chopped ramie fiber and chopped carbon fiber, wherein flaxen fiber length is 5- 10mm, carbon fiber length 5-8mm.Wherein, chopped ramie fiber includes but is not limited to the plant fibers such as ramie, flax or bluish dogbane； The chopped carbon fiber is the chopped strand of T300, T400 or T600.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1, composite effect is prominent: it is special that chopped ramie fiber/carbon fiber/thermoplastic polymer composite material plate of the present invention has Sandwich structure, i.e. chopped ramie fiber/surface layer of the thermoplastic polymer sheets material as composite panel, chopped carbon fiber/thermoplastic Sandwich layer of the property polymeric sheet material as composite panel；And composite panel has both carbon fiber, plant fiber and thermoplastic poly Close the multiple advantage of object.Compared with conventional composite materials plate, tensile strength, impact strength are significantly improved, wherein impact is strong Degree is substantially better than the composite panel for being directly mixed with flaxen fiber, carbon fiber with thermoplastic polymer.Make its composite material Performance reaches optimum efficiency, and wherein impact strength is up to 21.85KJ/ ㎡, elongation at break 41.1%, tensile strength 11.59MPa.The features such as taking into account mechanical property, environmental protection, has broad application prospects in automobile industry.
2, simple process: the present invention mixes flaxen fiber, carbon fiber with the thermoplastic polymer of half dosage respectively Overlapping compacting after in flakes again has special sandwich structure, efficiently solves thermoplastic polymer and plant fiber and carbon fiber is mixed Expect difficult problem, so that plant fiber and carbon fiber is uniformly dispersed in thermoplastic polymer, to improve the property of composite material Energy.Simplify with technical process, operates simpler feature.
Specific embodiment
Invention is further described in detail with attached drawing combined with specific embodiments below.
One, chopped ramie fiber/carbon fiber/thermoplastic polymer composite material plate of the present invention
Chopped ramie fiber/carbon fiber/thermoplastic polymer composite material plate is sandwich structure, by upper and lower surface layer and centre Sandwich layer hot pressing is made；The upper and lower surface layer be chopped ramie fiber/thermoplastic polymer sheets material, intermediate core layer be chopped carbon fiber/ Thermoplastic polymer sheets material.The chopped ramie fiber/thermoplastic polymer sheets material is by chopped ramie fiber, expanding material and thermoplastic poly The raw material that object is 10:1.0-2.0:50 by weight is closed to be kneaded；The chopped carbon fiber/thermoplastic polymer sheets material is by short Cutting carbon fiber, expanding material and thermoplastic polymer by weight is that 5:1.0-2.0:50 is kneaded.
Two, the preparation of chopped ramie fiber/carbon fiber/thermoplastic polymer composite material plate of the present invention and technique are preferred
Embodiment 1
The sodium hydrate aqueous solution that chopped ramee concentration is 2% is impregnated for 24 hours, then is washed with deionized water, does It is dry.The above-mentioned chopped ramee of 10g, 1.0g maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene and 50g low density polyethylene (LDPE) are weighed, is placed into double It is kneaded in roller open mill into composite material sheet stock, that is, sheet stock I, wherein two-roll mill preliminary roller is 115 DEG C, and rear roll temperature is 110 ℃；5g carbon fiber, 1.0g maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, 50g low density polyethylene (LDPE) are weighed, places into two-roll mill and is kneaded At composite material sheet stock, that is, sheet stock II.Wherein the preceding roll temperature of two-roll mill is 115 DEG C, and rear roll temperature is 110 DEG C, and the time is 12min；After sheet stock I, sheet stock II are cut by die size, then sheet stock II is placed between 2 sheet stock I, it is made to be overlapped into " piece The sandwich structure for expecting I- sheet stock II- sheet stock I ", is placed in vulcanizing press and is hot pressed into plate, and hot pressing temperature is 140 DEG C, and the time is 12min。
Embodiment 2
The sodium hydrate aqueous solution that chopped ramee concentration is 2% is impregnated for 24 hours, then is washed with deionized water, does It is dry.The above-mentioned chopped ramee of 10g, 1.0g maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene and 50g low density polyethylene (LDPE) are weighed, is placed into double It is kneaded in roller open mill into composite material sheet stock, that is, sheet stock I, wherein two-roll mill preliminary roller is 115 DEG C, and rear roll temperature is 110 ℃；5g carbon fiber, 1.0g maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, 50g low density polyethylene (LDPE) are weighed, places into two-roll mill and is kneaded At composite material sheet stock, that is, sheet stock II.Wherein the preceding roll temperature of two-roll mill is 115 DEG C, and rear roll temperature is 110 DEG C, and the time is 10min；After sheet stock I, sheet stock II are cut by die size, then sheet stock I is placed between 2 sheet stock II, it is made to be overlapped into " piece The sandwich structure for expecting II- sheet stock I- sheet stock II ", is placed in vulcanizing press and is hot pressed into plate, and hot pressing temperature is 140 DEG C, and the time is 10min。
Embodiment 3
The sodium hydrate aqueous solution that chopped ramee concentration is 2% is impregnated for 24 hours, then is washed with deionized water, does It is dry.Weigh the above-mentioned chopped ramee of 10g, 5g carbon fiber, 2.0g maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, 100g low density polyethylene (LDPE) It is kneaded in two-roll mill into composite material sheet stock, wherein two-roll mill preliminary roller is 115 DEG C, and rear roll temperature is 110 DEG C, when Between be 10min.After composite material sheet stock is cut by die size, it is placed in vulcanizing press and is hot pressed into plate, hot pressing temperature is 140 DEG C, time 10min.
The mechanical property of three kinds of different composite panels made from embodiment 1-3 is compared, as shown in table 1.
Table 1
As it can be seen from table 1 using chopped ramie fiber/thermoplastic polymer sheets material as surface layer, with chopped carbon fiber/thermoplastic The mechanics such as impact strength, tensile strength and the elongation at break of sandwich structure composite material plate of the property polymeric sheet material as sandwich layer Performance is better than the composite panel of routine techniques preparation.
Embodiment 4
The sodium hydrate aqueous solution that chopped ramee concentration is 2% is impregnated for 24 hours, then is washed with deionized water, does It is dry.10g above-mentioned chopped ramee and 50g low density polyethylene (LDPE) are weighed, places into two-roll mill and is kneaded into composite wood Tablet material, that is, sheet stock I, wherein two-roll mill preliminary roller is 115 DEG C, and rear roll temperature is 110 DEG C；It weighs 5g carbon fiber and 50g is low close Polyethylene is spent, places into two-roll mill and is kneaded into composite material sheet stock i.e. sheet stock II.The wherein preceding roller temperature of two-roll mill Degree is 115 DEG C, and rear roll temperature is 110 DEG C, time 15min；After sheet stock I, sheet stock II are cut by die size, then by sheet stock II is placed between 2 sheet stock I, so that it is overlapped into the sandwich structure of " sheet stock I- sheet stock II- sheet stock I ", is placed in vulcanizing press It is hot pressed into plate, hot pressing temperature is 140 DEG C, time 15min.
Embodiment 5
The sodium hydrate aqueous solution that chopped ramee concentration is 2% is impregnated for 24 hours, then is washed with deionized water, does It is dry.The above-mentioned chopped ramee of 10g, 1.0g maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene and 50g low density polyethylene (LDPE) are weighed, is placed into double It is kneaded in roller open mill into composite material sheet stock, that is, sheet stock I, wherein two-roll mill preliminary roller is 115 DEG C, and rear roll temperature is 110 ℃；5g carbon fiber, 1.0g maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, 50g low density polyethylene (LDPE) are weighed, places into two-roll mill and is kneaded At composite material sheet stock, that is, sheet stock II.Wherein the preceding roll temperature of two-roll mill is 115 DEG C, and rear roll temperature is 110 DEG C, and the time is 12min；After sheet stock I, sheet stock II are cut by die size, then sheet stock II is placed between 2 sheet stock I, it is made to be overlapped into " piece The sandwich structure for expecting I- sheet stock II- sheet stock I ", is placed in vulcanizing press and is hot pressed into plate, and hot pressing temperature is 140 DEG C, and the time is 12min。
Embodiment 6
The sodium hydrate aqueous solution that chopped ramee concentration is 2% is impregnated for 24 hours, then is washed with deionized water, does It is dry.The above-mentioned chopped ramee of 10g, 2.0g maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene and 50g low density polyethylene (LDPE) are weighed, is placed into double It is kneaded in roller open mill into composite material sheet stock, that is, sheet stock I, wherein two-roll mill preliminary roller is 115 DEG C, and rear roll temperature is 110 ℃；5g carbon fiber, 2.0g maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, 50g low density polyethylene (LDPE) are weighed, places into two-roll mill and is kneaded At composite material sheet stock, that is, sheet stock II.Wherein the preceding roll temperature of two-roll mill is 115 DEG C, and rear roll temperature is 110 DEG C, and the time is 10min；After sheet stock I, sheet stock II are cut by die size, then sheet stock II is placed between 2 sheet stock I, it is made to be overlapped into " piece The sandwich structure for expecting I- sheet stock II- sheet stock I ", is placed in vulcanizing press and is hot pressed into plate, and hot pressing temperature is 140 DEG C, and the time is 10min。
The mechanical property of three kinds of different composite panels made from embodiment 4-6 is compared, as shown in table 2
Table 2
From table 2 it can be seen that when the dosage of expanding material maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene is 1.0g, the composite panel of preparation It is optimal in mechanical properties such as impact strength, tensile strength and elongation at break.
Embodiment 7
The sodium hydrate aqueous solution that chopped ramee concentration is 2% is impregnated for 24 hours, then is washed with deionized water, does It is dry.The above-mentioned chopped ramee of 10g, 1.0g maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene and 50g low density polyethylene (LDPE) are weighed, is placed into double It is kneaded in roller open mill into composite material sheet stock, that is, sheet stock I, wherein two-roll mill preliminary roller is 115 DEG C, and rear roll temperature is 110 ℃；5g carbon fiber, 1.0g maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, 50g low density polyethylene (LDPE) are weighed, places into two-roll mill and is kneaded At composite material sheet stock, that is, sheet stock II.Wherein the preceding roll temperature of two-roll mill is 115 DEG C, and rear roll temperature is 110 DEG C, and the time is 12min；After sheet stock I, sheet stock II are cut by die size, then sheet stock II is placed between 2 sheet stock I, it is made to be overlapped into " piece The sandwich structure for expecting I- sheet stock II- sheet stock I ", is placed in vulcanizing press and is hot pressed into plate, and hot pressing temperature is 140 DEG C, and the time is 12min。
Embodiment 8
The sodium hydrate aqueous solution that chopped ramee concentration is 2% is impregnated for 24 hours, then is washed with deionized water, does It is dry.The above-mentioned chopped ramee of 10g, 1.0g maleic anhydride inoculated polypropylene and 50g polypropylene are weighed, double roller mill is placed into It is kneaded in machine into composite material sheet stock, that is, sheet stock I, wherein two-roll mill preliminary roller is 115 DEG C, and rear roll temperature is 110 DEG C；It weighs 5g carbon fiber, 1.0g maleic anhydride inoculated polypropylene, 50g polypropylene are placed into two-roll mill and are kneaded into composite material sheet Material is sheet stock II.Wherein the preceding roll temperature of two-roll mill is 115 DEG C, and rear roll temperature is 110 DEG C, time 10min；By sheet stock I, after sheet stock II is cut by die size, then sheet stock II is placed between 2 sheet stock I, it is made to be overlapped into " sheet stock I- sheet stock II- The sandwich structure of sheet stock I ", is placed in vulcanizing press and is hot pressed into plate, and hot pressing temperature is 170 DEG C, time 10min.
The mechanical property for implementing two different composite panels made from 7-8 is compared, as shown in table 3
Table 3
From table 3 it can be seen that the composite panel of preparation is strong in impact when thermoplastic polymer is low density polyethylene (LDPE) Degree and elongation at break are greatly better than the composite panel prepared when thermoplastic polymer is polypropylene.
Embodiment 9
The sodium hydrate aqueous solution that chopped ramee concentration is 2% is impregnated for 24 hours, then is washed with deionized water, does It is dry.The above-mentioned chopped ramee of 10g, 1.0g maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene and 50g low density polyethylene (LDPE) are weighed, is placed into double It is kneaded in roller open mill into composite material sheet stock, that is, sheet stock I, wherein two-roll mill preliminary roller is 115 DEG C, and rear roll temperature is 110 ℃；5g carbon fiber, 1.0g maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, 50g low density polyethylene (LDPE) are weighed, places into two-roll mill and is kneaded At composite material sheet stock, that is, sheet stock II.Wherein the preceding roll temperature of two-roll mill is 115 DEG C, and rear roll temperature is 110 DEG C, and the time is 10min；After sheet stock I, sheet stock II are cut by die size, then sheet stock II is placed between 2 sheet stock I, it is made to be overlapped into " piece The sandwich structure for expecting I- sheet stock II- sheet stock I ", is placed in vulcanizing press and is hot pressed into plate, and hot pressing temperature is 140 DEG C, and the time is 10min。
Embodiment 10
The sodium hydrate aqueous solution that chopped bastose concentration is 2% is impregnated for 24 hours, then is washed with deionized water, does It is dry.The above-mentioned chopped bastose of 10g, 1.0g maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene and 50g low density polyethylene (LDPE) are weighed, is placed into double It is kneaded in roller open mill into composite material sheet stock, that is, sheet stock I, wherein two-roll mill preliminary roller is 115 DEG C, and rear roll temperature is 110 ℃；5g carbon fiber, 1.0g maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, 50g low density polyethylene (LDPE) are weighed, places into two-roll mill and is kneaded At composite material sheet stock, that is, sheet stock II.Wherein the preceding roll temperature of two-roll mill is 115 DEG C, and rear roll temperature is 110 DEG C, and the time is 10min；After sheet stock I, sheet stock II are cut by die size, then sheet stock II is placed between 2 sheet stock I, it is made to be overlapped into " piece The sandwich structure for expecting I- sheet stock II- sheet stock I ", is placed in vulcanizing press and is hot pressed into plate, and hot pressing temperature is 140 DEG C, and the time is 10min。
Embodiment 11
The sodium hydrate aqueous solution that chopped flax fiber concentration is 2% is impregnated for 24 hours, then is washed with deionized water, does It is dry.The above-mentioned chopped flax fiber of 10g, 1.0g maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene and 50g low density polyethylene (LDPE) are weighed, is placed into double It is kneaded in roller open mill into composite material sheet stock, that is, sheet stock I, wherein two-roll mill preliminary roller is 115 DEG C, and rear roll temperature is 110 ℃；5g carbon fiber, 1.0g maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, 50g low density polyethylene (LDPE) are weighed, places into two-roll mill and is kneaded At composite material sheet stock, that is, sheet stock II.Wherein the preceding roll temperature of two-roll mill is 115 DEG C, and rear roll temperature is 110 DEG C, and the time is 10min；After sheet stock I, sheet stock II are cut by die size, then sheet stock II is placed between 2 sheet stock I, it is made to be overlapped into " piece The sandwich structure for expecting I- sheet stock II- sheet stock I ", is placed in vulcanizing press and is hot pressed into plate, and hot pressing temperature is 140 DEG C, and the time is 10min。
Embodiment 12
The sodium hydrate aqueous solution that chopped sisal fiber concentration is 2% is impregnated for 24 hours, then is washed with deionized water, does It is dry.The above-mentioned chopped sisal fiber of 10g, 1.0g maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene and 50g low density polyethylene (LDPE) are weighed, is placed into double It is kneaded in roller open mill into composite material sheet stock, that is, sheet stock I, wherein two-roll mill preliminary roller is 115 DEG C, and rear roll temperature is 110 ℃；5g carbon fiber, 1.0g maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, 50g low density polyethylene (LDPE) are weighed, places into two-roll mill and is kneaded At composite material sheet stock, that is, sheet stock II.Wherein the preceding roll temperature of two-roll mill is 115 DEG C, and rear roll temperature is 110 DEG C, and the time is 10min；After sheet stock I, sheet stock II are cut by die size, then sheet stock II is placed between 2 sheet stock I, it is made to be overlapped into " piece The sandwich structure for expecting I- sheet stock II- sheet stock I ", is placed in vulcanizing press and is hot pressed into plate, and hot pressing temperature is 140 DEG C, and the time is 10min。
Embodiment 13
The sodium hydrate aqueous solution that chopped kenaf concentration is 2% is impregnated for 24 hours, then is washed with deionized water, does It is dry.The above-mentioned chopped kenaf of 10g, 1.0g maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene and 50g low density polyethylene (LDPE) are weighed, is placed into double It is kneaded in roller open mill into composite material sheet stock, that is, sheet stock I, wherein two-roll mill preliminary roller is 115 DEG C, and rear roll temperature is 110 ℃；5g carbon fiber, 1.0g maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, 50g low density polyethylene (LDPE) are weighed, places into two-roll mill and is kneaded At composite material sheet stock, that is, sheet stock II.Wherein the preceding roll temperature of two-roll mill is 115 DEG C, and rear roll temperature is 110 DEG C, and the time is 10min；After sheet stock I, sheet stock II are cut by die size, then sheet stock II is placed between 2 sheet stock I, it is made to be overlapped into " piece The sandwich structure for expecting I- sheet stock II- sheet stock I ", is placed in vulcanizing press and is hot pressed into plate, and hot pressing temperature is 140 DEG C, and the time is 10min。
Embodiment 9-13 illustrate chopped ramie fiber of the present invention include but is not limited to ramie, bluish dogbane, flax, fiber, The plant fibers such as sisal hemp and mestha, the composite panel being used to prepare is in power such as impact strength, tensile strength and elongation at break It is suitable to learn performance.
Finally, it is stated that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting, although referring to compared with Good embodiment describes the invention in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that, it can be to skill of the invention Art scheme is modified or replaced equivalently, and without departing from the objective and range of technical solution of the present invention, should all be covered at this In the scope of the claims of invention.

Claims (5)

1. chopped ramie fiber/carbon fiber/thermoplastic polymer composite material plate, which is characterized in that be sandwich structure, by upper and lower Surface layer and intermediate core layer hot pressing are made；The upper and lower surface layer is chopped ramie fiber/thermoplastic polymer sheets material, and intermediate core layer is Chopped carbon fiber/thermoplastic polymer sheets material；
The chopped ramie fiber/thermoplastic polymer sheets material by chopped ramie fiber, expanding material and thermoplastic polymer by weight It is kneaded for the raw material of 10:1.0-2.0:50；The chopped carbon fiber/thermoplastic polymer sheets material is by chopped carbon fiber, increasing Hold agent and thermoplastic polymer is that 5:1.0-2.0:50 is kneaded by weight；
Preparation method includes the following steps:
1) clean dry is spare after impregnating the sodium hydrate aqueous solution of flaxen fiber mass concentration 2% for 24 hours；
2) flaxen fiber, expanding material and thermoplastic polymer are kneaded in two-roll mill and obtain sheet stock I at composite material sheet stock, pressed Component proportion stock；
3) carbon fiber, expanding material and thermoplastic polymer are kneaded in two-roll mill and obtain sheet stock II at composite material sheet stock, It stocks up by said ratio；
4) sheet stock I, sheet stock II are cut by die size, sheet stock II is placed between two sheet stock I, it is made to be overlapped into " sheet stock I- The sandwich structure of sheet stock II- sheet stock I ", then puts it into pressing die, is placed in hot-forming in vulcanizing press, hot pressing temperature According to thermoplastic polymer Mold Temperatures set.
2. chopped ramie fiber/carbon fiber/thermoplastic polymer composite material plate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute Stating chopped ramie fiber is ramie, flax or bluish dogbane；The chopped carbon fiber is the chopped strand of T300, T400 or T600.
3. chopped ramie fiber/carbon fiber/thermoplastic polymer composite material plate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute Thermoplastic polymer is stated using low density polyethylene (LDPE), the expanding material is maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene.
4. chopped ramie fiber/carbon fiber/thermoplastic polymer composite material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described The preceding roll temperature being kneaded in step 2 and step 3) is 110--115 °C, and rear roll temperature is 100--110 °C；Mixing time is 10- 15min。
5. chopped ramie fiber/carbon fiber/thermoplastic polymer composite material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described Step 4) hot pressing temperature is 140--170 °C.
CN201710530596.XA 2017-07-03 2017-07-03 Chopped ramie fiber/carbon fiber/thermoplastic polymer composite material plate Active CN107310216B (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH04310725A (en) * 1991-04-10 1992-11-02 Teijin Ltd Manufacture of light composite molded material
CN1594409A (en) * 2004-06-23 2005-03-16 昆明大学 Natural plant fibre enhanced polyolefin plastic plate and method for preparing same
CN102785627A (en) * 2012-07-19 2012-11-21 马道平 Layer structure composite material bumper with panel composite function and production method thereof

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH04310725A (en) * 1991-04-10 1992-11-02 Teijin Ltd Manufacture of light composite molded material
CN1594409A (en) * 2004-06-23 2005-03-16 昆明大学 Natural plant fibre enhanced polyolefin plastic plate and method for preparing same
CN102785627A (en) * 2012-07-19 2012-11-21 马道平 Layer structure composite material bumper with panel composite function and production method thereof

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