CN107304460A - A kind of iron ore prereduction sintering method and its device - Google Patents

A kind of iron ore prereduction sintering method and its device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107304460A
CN107304460A CN201610240857.XA CN201610240857A CN107304460A CN 107304460 A CN107304460 A CN 107304460A CN 201610240857 A CN201610240857 A CN 201610240857A CN 107304460 A CN107304460 A CN 107304460A
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China
Prior art keywords
bellows
sintering
flue gas
sintering machine
prereduction
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CN201610240857.XA
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CN107304460B (en
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胡兵
王兆才
叶恒棣
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Zhongye Changtian International Engineering Co Ltd
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Zhongye Changtian International Engineering Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
    • C22B1/16—Sintering; Agglomerating
    • C22B1/20—Sintering; Agglomerating in sintering machines with movable grates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
    • C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
    • C22B1/2406—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating pelletizing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
    • F27D17/001—Extraction of waste gases, collection of fumes and hoods used therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
    • F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
    • F27D17/008—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases cleaning gases
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of iron ore prereduction sintering method, and this method includes：1) conventional hybrid material is prepared：Iron ore powder, flux and fuel are subjected to feed proportioning, mixed, granulation obtains conventional hybrid material；2) prereduction compound is prepared：Match somebody with somebody the pelletizing of carbon in pelletizing after the mixing of iron ore powder, additive and fuel is obtained；The interior pelletizing with carbon is placed in trommel mixer, fuel fine powder and quick lime or calcium hydroxide is added, progress wraps granulation, obtains prereduction compound；3) cloth：Using double-layer cloth mode, by step 2) made from prereduction compound be previously positioned on sintering pallet, by step 1) made from conventional hybrid material be placed on prereduction compound；4) sinter：Igniting, conventional hybrid material and prereduction compound carry out smoke gas circulating type sintering on sintering machine.The high reluctant problem of CO flue gases is solved, the re-oxidation of prereduced sinter reduction process is reduced, the combustion atmosphere between the bed of material is improved, the temperature of material is improved and accelerates the generation of iron ore material reduction reaction.

Description

A kind of iron ore prereduction sintering method and its device
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sintering method of iron ore and device, more specifically for a kind of iron ore prereduction sintering method and its Device, belongs to the sintering art of iron ore.
Background technology
Current China is based on blast furnace iron-making process, and sintering deposit accounts for the 70%~90% of feed stock for blast furnace, and sintering circuit energy consumption accounts for ironmaking energy , there is high energy consumption, pollute big, the low problem of utilization rate of waste heat in the 10%~15% of consumption.Conventional sintering technological process as shown in figure 1, Traditional iron ore sintering process mainly provides heat using coke powder and anthracite as fuel as sintering process, by the way of down draft sintering, Produce the high basicity sinter using calcium ferrite as Binder Phase.
Japanese JFE proposes the concept of prereduced sinter first, is used as a kind of new technology of not yet industrial applications, prereduction Sintering deposit technique is the production technology for just making iron ore occur partial reduction in sintering process.Prereduced sinter can be to iron The part reduction of ore is transferred in sintering process, reduction blast furnace reduction load, thus is had to reduction blast furnace reducing agent ratio aobvious Works is used.Because iron ore, mainly by gas reduction, is balanced by gas reduction and limited in blast furnace, but in prereduced sinter In technique, mainly by solid reduction, do not balanced and limited by gas reduction, and produced gas is also used as thermal source, So only less carbon amounts is needed just to reach the purpose of prereduction.
Chinese patent CN101343689B, CN101608256B, CN101921909B, CN102127636B, CN102676797B The preparation method that CN103911507A discloses sintering deposit is disclosed with Chinese patent.
The shortage of coke and blast fumance STRENGTH ON COKE demand (coke is used as the skeleton of the bed of material and the reducing agent of direct reduction reactor) Contradiction constrains the development of long flow iron-smelting process, and large blast furnace production proposes higher requirement to raw material gas permeability.For The vitality of the long flow iron-smelting process of enhancing, using prereduced sinter ironmaking technology so that part reduction deoxidation process exists Completed in sintering, can not only reduce the consumption of coke, and prereduced sinter porosity is high, while avoiding upper blast furnace The generation of sintering deposit low temperature reduction degradation, so as to improve the gas permeability of the bed of material, contributes to the raising of large blast furnace productivity ratio.
But prereduced sinter production is primarily present following some technical barriers still without a kind of technical scheme of practicable： First, Melting Problem is reoxidized and crosses to be difficult to control to.It is required that the prereduction for obtaining reduction degree 40%~70% in an oxidizing atmosphere is burnt While tying ore deposit, in addition it is also necessary to ensure the intensity of prereduced sinter.Once solid fuel is very few, oxidizing atmosphere is too strong, reduction Degree is too low, otherwise solid fuel is excessive, and temperature is too high, and easy cross of sintering deposit is melted.In addition, prereduced sinter production process It is to be carried out under exhausting state, the product after reduction is in oxidizing atmosphere on sintering ride, surface metal iron re-oxidation, Reduce the reduction degree of prereduced sinter.Secondly, prereduction sintering process produces substantial amounts of CO gases, the intractability of flue gas Greatly.Conventional sintering process, with addition of under the precondition of oxygen-enriched (oxygen concentration more than 21%), flue gas recirculation rate can only not reach To 30% or so, it is therefore desirable to develop new technique to handle this high CO flue gas, meet the requirement of safe and clean production. Again, prereduced sinter intensity is low compared with conventional sintering ore deposit, easily occurs re-oxidation, it requires reduction subsequent treatment again Oxidation and abrasion are broken.
In addition, CN1940092A and CN100532579C disclose the preparation of pre-reduced pellet, CN201520390447.4 is disclosed A kind of smoke gas circulating type prereduction sintering equipment.
During using conventional sintering ore deposit-blast furnace iron-making process, upper blast furnace low temperature reduction degradation is more, coke dependence weight, and exists Sintering circuit solid fuel consumption is high, the sintering low problem of flue gas utilization rate of complementary energy, and prereduced sinter ironmaking technology fundamentally can be with Alleviate above mentioned problem；In addition, the development trend based on following steel industry, conventional sintering ore deposit ironmaking technology will fade away, but Be prereduced sinter technology not only possess conventional sintering ore deposit and pellet production ability, and meet following steel industry efficiently, Low consumption, low-carbon, the developing direction of low emission, are a kind of more advanced, science pretreatment baking modes.
Existing prereduction sintering technology is still in concept and phase of basic research, without a set of specific embodiment, after prereduction Flue gas contain higher CO, the intractability of flue gas is big, and (solution is exactly flue gas recirculation sintering, can also utilize flue gas In CO latent heat and flue gas sensible heat, reduce energy consumption), and the cycling rate of existing flue gas recirculation sintering technology flue gas is low.
The content of the invention
For disadvantages described above and problem, this patent is based on existing traditional sintering techniques, by changing the thing on sintering pallet Expect that structure distribution, and sintering device flue gas recycle the subsequent treatment process of mode and prereduced sinter, have developed one kind Prereduced sinter production technology and device, can largely solve the above-mentioned technical barrier faced.The invention is cleverly sharp With the mode of double-layer cloth so that conventional sintering compound, lower floor's arrangement prereduction sintered compound are arranged in sintering pallet upper strata Material, can so realize that the flue gas of the anterior bellows of sintering machine still can be according to traditional sintering fume treatment mode, rear portion bellows High CO flue gas is then recycled, therefore, it is possible to solve the high reluctant problem of CO flue gases, while to a certain extent The re-oxidation of prereduced sinter reduction process is reduced, the combustion atmosphere between the bed of material is improved, the temperature of material is favorably improved Spend and accelerate the generation of iron ore material reduction reaction.In addition, the cooling and transport of prereduced sinter need to prevent re-oxidation Problem, in addition it is also necessary to reduce the abrasion of prereduced sinter and crush, based on this, the invention reserves one first on sintering pallet A little cooling chassis so that a part of cooling procedure of prereduced sinter is realized on chassis, is then used after overheating sieve processing Sealed induction system, which is directly taken in blast furnace, to be used, so as to solve the follow-up cooling of prereduced sinter and transport oxygen again Change problem, and the sensible heat of prereduced sinter can be farthest utilized, energy-saving effect is notable.
Prereduced sinter iron-smelting process mainly has following some advantages：First, the reduction process more than 40% is enterprising in sintering machine OK, blast furnace load is alleviated, the coke ratio of iron-smelting process is reduced, the dependence of iron-smelting process STRENGTH ON COKE is slow down, total CO is reduced2 Discharge capacity；Secondly, prereduced sinter short texture, hole are flourishing, while the low temperature reduction degradation of upper blast furnace can be avoided Problem, and the soft heat tape thickness of blast furnace will be thinner, so that blast furnace bed of material air permeance resistance reduces, pressure drop in furnace reduction, production Rate is improved；Again, the reduction act of prereduced sinter is no longer influenced by CO/CO in blast furnace2The limitation of gas reaction balance, reduction It is more efficient.Result of study shows that not only total energy consumption drops compared with conventional sintering ore deposit iron-smelting process using prereduced sinter iron-smelting process Low and CO2Discharge reduce, and prereduced sinter institutional framework and metallurgical performance more preferably, meet blast furnace ironmaking efficiently, low consumption, Low-carbon, the direction of low emission development.
" flue gas " and " waste gas " has identical implication in this application, and both are used interchangeably.
According to the first embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a kind of iron ore prereduction sintering method：
A kind of iron ore prereduction sintering method, this method includes：
1) conventional hybrid material is prepared：Iron ore powder, flux and fuel are subjected to feed proportioning, mixed, granulation obtains tradition mixed Material (I) is closed, the wherein amount ratio of iron ore powder, flux and fuel is 75-85:10-15:3-6, preferably 78-82：11-13： 4-5；
2) prereduction compound is prepared：Match somebody with somebody in pelletizing (such as disk pelletizing or pressure ball) after iron ore powder and fuel mixing is obtained The pelletizing (IIa) of carbon, wherein：Fuel is with ore deposit ratio 0.08~0.35:1 (wt), preferably 0.1~0.3:It is 1 (wt), more excellent Select 0.15~0.2:1 (wt) scope, additive can be selected according to different material performance, such as salt, pelletizing average diameter In 3~15mm, more preferably preferably 4~11mm, 5~8mm；(preferably, additive can be selected according to different material performance Select, such as salt)；
The interior pelletizing (IIa) with carbon is placed in trommel mixer, adds and is fired outside fuel fine powder and flux, mixing, pelletizing Material fine powder and flux are wrapped, and obtain prereduction compound (II), wherein：The interior pelletizing (IIa) with carbon, fuel fine powder and flux Consumption mass ratio is 1：0.001-0.025：0.001-0.02, preferably 1：0.005-0.02：0.003-0.015, more preferably 1： 0.01-0.015：0.005-0.01；
3) cloth：Using double-layer cloth mode, by step 2) made from prereduction compound (II) be previously placed at sintering board Che Shang, by step 1) made from conventional hybrid material (I) be arranged on prereduction compound (II) layer；(for example, material (II) is logical The first hopper (A) cloth is crossed to expect on sintering pallet.Material (I) expects the prereduction on sintering pallet by the second hopper (B) cloth On compound (II) layer.Preferably, the first hopper A and/or the second hopper B bottom are equipped with roll-type blowdown valve)；
4) sinter：Igniting, conventional hybrid material and prereduction compound carry out smoke gas circulating type sintering on sintering machine.
Preferably, this method also includes：
5) oxygen processed：Air is separated using oxygenerator and oxygen and nitrogen is obtained, and wherein oxygen is used for flue gas recirculation sintering and matches somebody with somebody oxygen, nitrogen Gas is used to cool down on machine；It may further be preferable that the flue gas of cool wind box carries out waste heat recovery (waste heat producing steam or generating) on machine Circulation is realized afterwards, is reused for cooling down on machine；With
6) sinter cake after sintering is after crushing by Thermal griddle, and product is sent to blast furnace on sieve, and minus sieve powder returns to step after cooling It is rapid 1) in dispensing.
In the present invention, fuel and fuel fine powder are coke powder, coal dust or coke powder and the mixing both coal dust.
In the present invention, one or more of the flux in lime stone, dolomite, quick lime, serpentine, calcium hydroxide are (for example Two or three).
In the present invention, step 3) in the thickness of feed layer of prereduction compound (II) of arrangement account for prereduction compound and conventional hybrid Expect the 20-70%, more preferably preferably 30-60%, 40-50% of gross thickness, remaining is conventional hybrid material.
Prereduction compound (II) is expected on sintering pallet by the first hopper (A) cloth, and conventional hybrid material (I) passes through the second material Bucket (B) cloth is expected on prereduction compound (II) layer on sintering pallet.Cancel in this application because of double-layer cloth mode The use of grate-layer material so that the bed permeability of whole sinter mixture is good；Prereduction sintering stage produce flue-gas temperature compared with Conventional sintering is low, and high-temperature temperature (tradition low compared with conventional sintering：1200 DEG C~1400 DEG C, prereduction：1000 DEG C~1200 DEG C).
In the present invention, step 4) in smoke gas circulating type prereduction sintering refer to：Several bellows (examples from sintering machine postmedian Such as the 10th to the 30th bellows, such as the 12-25 bellows) flue gas be used as circulating flue gas.Circulating flue gas is after gravitational dust collection Or mixed after cyclone dust removal is carried out using the first deduster with oxygen-enriched air and form mixing air, sintering machine is returned afterwards to be used In sintering, it is preferred that the flue gas of circulation, which returns to sintering machine, to be used to sinter and combustion-supporting for sintering ignition, preferably to adjust Flue gas recirculation rate, and control wind oxygen balance.
In the present invention, step 2) in the grade of the particle of fuel fine powder requirement more than 90% that uses be less than 2mm, preferably smaller than 1.5mm, more preferably less than 1mm.
In the present invention, sintering machine has such as 20-32 (preferably 24-28) bellows.In this application, can be by these wind Case is divided into：(several) front end bellows (the such as the 1st to the 11st bellows, such as the 1-9 bellows), (several) postmedian bellows (example Such as the 10th-the 30, such as the 12nd-the 25 bellows), (several) afterbody bellows (such as the 1-3 bellows reciprocal Or the 1-2 bellows reciprocal).It is corresponding with these bellows, the upper level running length or level run of sintering machine is interval (i.e. The corresponding length range in the level run direction above these bellows, on sintering machine) it is divided into three sections：Before sintering machine End, postmedian and afterbody.Wherein, (several) front end bellows corresponding with sintering machine front end (the such as the 1st to the 11st bellows, Such as the 1-9 bellows) flue gas will outside be arranged (such as by large flue pipeline L2).(several) corresponding with sintering machine postmedian The flue gas of postmedian bellows (the such as the 10th to the 30th bellows, such as the 12-25 bellows) (for example passes through cigarette as circulating flue gas Gas circulation main line L1 is collected or collected).(several) afterbody bellows (such as reciprocal 1-3 corresponding with sintering machine afterbody Individual bellows or the 1-2 bellows reciprocal) flue gas also will outside be arranged (such as by large flue pipeline L2).Circulating flue gas is in gravity Carrying out after dedusting or using the first deduster mixing with oxygen-enriched air 5 after dedusting and forming mixing air, returning burn afterwards Knot machine is used to sinter and/or combustion-supporting for sintering ignition.The flue gas of remaining bellows in addition to postmedian bellows of sintering machine passes through Deduster, main exhauster and flue gas purification system, it is then outer to arrange.Preferably, if taking the mode cooled down on machine, wherein Employ nitrogen as cooling gas, then circulate several bellows flue gases behind petticoat pipe and circulated after waste heat recovery, realize more than The utilization of energy, and prevent the re-oxidation of prereduced sinter cooling procedure.
The high-temp waste gas of cooling chassis lower bellows (15) or a part for high-temperature flue gas are delivered to the flue gas of surplus energy utility device (17) Input, the waste gas after surplus energy utility device (17) utilization is re-circulated utilization, for example, be recycled to mixing chamber (3).
Preferably, there is seal closure to be only placed only on the postmedian of sintering machine, that is, there is seal closure to be only placed only in (several with sintering machine It is individual) above the postmedian of the corresponding sintering machine of postmedian bellows.Therefore, the front end of sintering machine and afterbody are not sealed with cover covering. Therefore, it is not sealed with cover covering into the pallet in the front end section and afterbody section of sintering machine.Entrance described here Pallet in the afterbody or afterbody section of sintering machine is used as cooling chassis.
Typically, into the 1-5 cooling chassis (preferably 2-3 cooling chassis) in the afterbody section of the sintering machine not by Seal closure is covered.In other words, the afterbody of sintering machine has 1-5 cooling chassis (preferably 2-3 cooling chassis) as cooling bench Car.Afterbody or afterbody section (such as 1-3 reciprocal or reciprocal 1-2) bellows several with afterbody of sintering machine are corresponding. Step 5) in sinter cake by cooling down after chassis, after overheating sieve processing sieve upper product is transported to blast furnace using sealed induction system.
Preferably, the high-temp waste gas of cooling chassis lower bellows is used for cogeneration.
Typically, for preparation process 1) in iron ore powder iron ore material be various ironmaking commonly used in the prior art original Material, for example, it is to be selected from：Fine iron ore, iron ore concentrate or other iron-bearing materials, such as common magnetite concentrate or high phosphorus iron ore concentrate.
Typically, thickness of feed layer is 500~1000mm, more preferably preferably 650-950mm, 800-900mm after cloth.
It in sintering pallet machine speed is 2.5~4.5m/min that conventional sintering process, which is, and vertical sintering speed is 20~40mm/min, Mixture temperature is 35~80 DEG C, and sintering negative pressure is -14KPa~-17KPa, and sintering air quantity is 90 ± 5m3/(m2.min), EGT is to be sintered under the conditions of 100~150 DEG C.
Used according to second of embodiment that the present invention is provided there is provided a kind of iron ore prereduction sintering equipment or the above method Iron ore prereduction sintering equipment：
A kind of iron ore prereduction sintering equipment, the device includes：Sintering machine；First hopper (A) and the second hopper (B) (they Positioned at the operation front end of the pallet of sintering machine or the top of operation upstream end)；Ignition furnace positioned at the front end of sintering machine；It is located at Seal closure above the pallet of sintering machine, flue gas recirculation pipeline, towards the large flue pipeline of blowdown stack, oxygen-enriched air pipe Road, the circulating flue gas conveyed for mixing via flue gas recirculation pipeline and the oxygen-enriched air that is conveyed via oxygen-enriched air pipeline Mixing chamber, positioned at the Thermal griddle of sintering machine afterbody.Preferably, in addition to an oxygenerator.For from air separation oxygen and Nitrogen.
Wherein oxygen is used for flue gas recirculation sintering and matches somebody with somebody oxygen, and nitrogen is used to cool down on machine.
Typically, sintering machine has the pallet of cycle operation.The operation front end or operation upstream end of the pallet of sintering machine are Refer to：Cloth initiating terminal or cloth front end.
First hopper (A) expects sintering pallet for above-described prereduction compound (II) cloth.Second hopper (B) is used for Above-described conventional hybrid material (I) cloth is expected on prereduction compound (II) layer on sintering pallet.
Preferably, the first hopper A and/or the second hopper B bottom are equipped with roll-type blowdown valve.
Preferably, device also includes the chimney being connected with large flue pipeline.
In the present invention, sintering machine has 20-32 bellows, preferably 24-28 bellows.
In the present invention, sintering machine has such as 20-32 (preferably 24-28) bellows.In this application, can be by these wind Case is divided into：(several) front end bellows (the such as the 1st to the 11st bellows, such as the 1-9 bellows), (several) postmedian bellows (example Such as the 10th-the 30, such as the 12nd-the 25 bellows), (several) afterbody bellows (such as the 1-3 bellows reciprocal Or the 1-2 bellows reciprocal).It is corresponding with these bellows, the upper level running length or level run of sintering machine is interval (i.e. The corresponding length range in the level run direction above these bellows, on sintering machine) it is divided into three sections：Before sintering machine End, postmedian and afterbody.Wherein, (several) front end bellows corresponding with sintering machine front end (the such as the 1st to the 11st bellows, Such as the 1-9 bellows) flue gas will outside be arranged (such as by large flue pipeline L2).(several) corresponding with sintering machine postmedian The flue gas of postmedian bellows (the such as the 10th to the 30th bellows, such as the 12-25 bellows) (for example passes through cigarette as circulating flue gas Gas circulation main line L1 is collected or collected).(several) afterbody bellows (such as reciprocal 1-3 corresponding with sintering machine afterbody Individual bellows or the 1-2 bellows reciprocal) flue gas also will outside be arranged (such as by large flue pipeline L2).Circulating flue gas is in gravity Carrying out after dedusting or using the first deduster mixing with oxygen-enriched air 5 after dedusting and forming mixing air, returning burn afterwards Knot machine is used to sinter, it is preferred that the flue gas of circulation, which returns to sintering machine, to be used to sinter and combustion-supporting for sintering ignition, so as to more preferable Ground adjusts flue gas recirculation rate, and control wind oxygen balance.The flue gas of remaining bellows in addition to postmedian bellows of sintering machine leads to Deduster, main exhauster and flue gas purification system are crossed, it is then outer to arrange.
Preferably, seal closure is only placed only in and the bellows of sintering machine postmedian (such as the the 10th to the 30th bellows, such as the 12-25 bellows) on corresponding sintering machine postmedian (section).That is, seal closure is only placed only in sintering machine postmedian (section) On, in other words, seal closure is only placed only on the sintering machine postmedian corresponding with (several) postmedian bellows of sintering machine.Cause This, the pallet into the front end (or front end section) of sintering machine and afterbody (or afterbody section) is not sealed with cover covering.This In, it is used as cooling chassis into the pallet in sintering machine afterbody section.
Typically, into the 1-5 cooling chassis (preferably 2-3 cooling chassis) in the afterbody section of the sintering machine not by Seal closure is covered.In other words, the afterbody of sintering machine has 1-5 cooling chassis (preferably 2-3 cooling chassis) as cooling bench Car.Afterbody or afterbody section (such as 1-3 reciprocal or reciprocal 1-2) bellows several with afterbody of sintering machine are corresponding.
In the present invention, bellows (the such as the 10th to the 30th bellows, such as the 12-25 bellows) flue gas of sintering machine postmedian Output branch pipe is connected to flue gas recirculation main line.
In the sintering machine postmedian section under seal closure is covered, accordingly, seal closure lower front end bellows (such as seal closure The 1-5 bellows of lower front end, preferably the 1-3 bellows) flue gas output branch pipe be provided with switching valve, and, in addition, The flue gas output of sintering machine afterbody bellows (such as sintering machine afterbody the 1-5 bellows reciprocal, the 1-3 bellows preferably reciprocal) Branch pipe is provided with switching valve, therefore, allows flue gas to respectively lead to large flue pipeline by the switching of switching valve or leads to flue gas recirculation master Pipeline.
In the present invention, after flue gas recirculation main line converges with oxygen-enriched pipeline in mixing chamber, igniter and seal closure are connected to.
In the present invention, flue gas recirculation pipeline is provided with the first deduster and air-introduced machine.
In the present invention, large flue pipeline is provided with the second deduster, main exhauster, column for smoke purification or smoke eliminator.
In the present invention, the sintering machine front end with being not sealed with cover covering of sintering machine and the corresponding bellows of sintering machine afterbody Flue gas output branch road is connected to large flue pipeline.That is, sintering machine (several) front end bellows (the such as the 1st to the 11st bellows, Such as the 1-9 bellows) flue gas export branch road and be connected to large flue pipeline.(several) the afterbody bellows of sintering machine are (such as reciprocal 1-3 bellows or the 1-2 bellows reciprocal) flue gas output branch road be also connected to large flue pipeline.
Preferably, the first deduster is cyclone dust collectors or multi-tube dust cleaner and the second deduster is that electric cleaner or electricity+cloth bag are multiple Close deduster.
Preferably, the rear end of Thermal griddle is connected with conveyer.
Preferably, conveyer is sealing chain scraper conveyor.
The level run length of the pallet of sintering machine is usually 30-150m, preferably 50-130m, more preferably 70-110m.
In the present invention, 2~10mm of screen size of Thermal griddle, more preferably preferably 3-8mm, 4-6mm.
In the present invention, product is delivered directly to blast furnace and uses (mode of movement on the sieve of Thermal griddle：Such as chain mat machine, it is desirable to can Continuously, insulation, resistance to 400~500 DEG C of temperature)；Minus sieve powder returns to dispensing after cooling down (water cooling or other manner).
Covered on the postmedian chassis of sintering machine (4) using seal closure (2), the position of covering is needed according to carbon-burdened pellet With the proportioning (ensuring that seal closure region is carbon-burdened pellet sintering region) of conventional sintering compound, and wind oxygen balance result of calculation To determine (it is required that sintering air intake oxygen content is 9%~15%, to ensure the reduction degree and productivity ratio of prereduced sinter), circulation Flue gas come from the bellows of sintering machine postmedian, pass through deduster (8) and air-introduced machine after being concentrated through flue gas recirculation airduct (L1) (9) enter mixing chamber (3), and with oxygen-enriched air (5) is full and uniform mix, be then based on wind oxygen balance theory and combine to burn Produce reality is tied, being transported in proportion in seal closure (2) is used to help for sintering ignition in prereduction sintering and ignition furnace (1) Combustion, so can both improve the flue gas recirculation amount of prereduction sintering, it helps keep the wind oxygen balance in circulation petticoat pipe.No The flue gas of circulation, which enters after gas cleaning airduct (L2) is concentrated, passes through deduster (10), main exhauster (11) and gas cleaning system Unite (12), then carry out outer arrange.In order to realize the controllable and optimizing regulation between flue gas recirculation rate, airduct temperature and wind oxygen balance, Increase the flue gases of seal closure (2) region both sides bellows switching valve, the flue gases of these bellows can selectivity switch into cigarette Gas circulation airduct (L1) or gas cleaning airduct (L2).A few section chassis of sintering machine tail are not covered with flue gas recirculation cover, this several section Chassis can be as chassis be cooled down on machine, the flue gas of outlet can enter flue gas recirculation airduct (L1) or gas cleaning airduct (L2), For lifting airduct temperature, the optimum temperature for reaching fume treatment or recycling；The flue gas of outlet can be also used for cogeneration, To improve the utilization ratio of the energy.A few section pallets of tail increase also have another purpose, by adjusting wind box branch pipe valve Aperture automatically controlled to realize that hot sinter cake temperature meets follow-up equipment and handles acceptable temperature.
In the present invention, Thermal griddle is arranged on afterbody (or end) unloading position of sintering machine.Seal closure is only covered in and sintered On the corresponding sintering machine postmedian of the postmedian bellows of machine, i.e., simply it is expressed as only being placed only on the bellows of postmedian, and with The anterior sintering machine front end corresponding with the bellows of afterbody of sintering machine or afterbody are all not sealed with cover covering.
In the present invention, among the sintering machine postmedian section under seal closure is covered, bellows corresponding with the front end of the section Refer in the postmedian section covered by seal closure, the forward bellows of lower position.In the sintering machine under seal closure is covered Among back section, bellows corresponding with the rear end of the section refer in the postmedian section covered by seal closure, lower position Bellows rearward.
In the present invention, after circulating flue gas is mixed with oxygen-enriched air, into igniter igniting combustion supporting and seal closure.
Preferably, device also include oxygenerator, it is oxygen channel, nitrogen pipeline, the second seal closure, surplus energy utility device, useless Gas EGR.Oxygen channel connects oxygenerator and mixing chamber.Nitrogen pipeline connects oxygenerator and the second seal closure.Second sealing Cover is arranged on above the cooling chassis of sintering machine afterbody.The flue gas output branch road connection of bellows below sintering machine afterbody cooling bench car The flue gas input of surplus energy utility device.The flue gas output end of surplus energy utility device is connected with waste gas recycling device.Air leads to Cross oxygenerator and obtain oxygen and nitrogen.Oxygen enters mixing chamber by oxygen channel.Nitrogen enters the second sealing by nitrogen pipeline Cover, into several chassis (cooling chassis) of sintering machine afterbody, shield.Nitrogen is changed into high-temp waste gas after chassis, Waste gas enters surplus energy utility device from the bellows below afterbody chassis.Waste gas after being utilized by surplus energy utility device enters waste gas circulation In device.
In this application, the technological process and operating duty do not explained are carried out according to conventional sintering method.The device do not explained and set Standby common apparatus and equipment for this area.
In this application, cloth hopper is identical with hopper implication.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantageous effects：
1st, the technical characterstic based on prereduced sinter, with reference to the conventional sintering mode of production, creative develops a kind of prereduction Ore production technology (technique basic procedure is as shown in Figure 2) and device are sintered, the technique is real while prereduced sinter is obtained Recycling for existing high CO sintering flue gases, reaches energy-saving and emission-reduction, the purpose of upgrading volume increase, is that a kind of flow is short (cold outside cancellation machine The process such as but sieve with whole grain), the new prereduction of energy consumption low (high CO flue gases and sinter cake sensible heat are efficiently utilized) sintering Production technology.
2nd, raw material prepares and bed structure distribution is the basis of the technology.It is a set of according to tradition burning using two sets of raw material preparation systems Knot mode carries out dispensing, mixing, granulation, other set needs pelletizing, Ran Houzai after dispensing, mixing iron ore concentrate and fuel By a trommel mixer, while with addition of a certain amount of fine grained fuel and flux, wrapping up in for pelletizing external fuel and flux is realized Cover.Realize that sintering pallet bottom is the outer carbon-burdened pellet for wrapping up in fuel and flux using double-layer cloth mode, top is traditional burning Tie compound.Double-layer cloth mode is one of key technology.
3rd, the reasonable design and flue gas recirculation rate in flue gas recirculation region, the controllable and optimizing regulation between airduct temperature and wind oxygen balance It is technological core.
4th, outside cancellation machine cooling and whole grain screening, realize prereduced sinter it is hot enter stove be to prevent prereduced sinter oxygen again Change, the broken important measures of abrasion.
5th, the sintering deposit after sintering of the invention is directly taken in blast furnace using sealed induction system after overheating sieve processing and made With follow-up cooling and transport so as to solve prereduced sinter reoxidize problem, and can be farthest using pre- The sensible heat of sintering deposit is reduced, energy-saving effect is notable.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the sintering process flow chart of prior art；
Fig. 2 is apparatus of the present invention structure chart；
Fig. 3 is provided with the structure drawing of device of switching valve for the present invention；
Fig. 4 is another structure drawing of device of the invention.
Reference：1：Igniter；2：Seal closure；3：Mixing chamber；4：Sintering machine；5：Oxygen-enriched air；6：Thermal griddle； 7：Conveyer；8：First deduster；9：Air-introduced machine；10：Second deduster；11：Main exhauster；12：Column for smoke purification Or smoke eliminator；13：Switching valve；14：Chimney；15：Bellows；16：Oxygenerator；17：Surplus energy utility device；18： Waste gas recycling device；19：Second seal closure；L1：Flue gas recirculation pipeline；L2：Large flue pipeline；L3 oxygen-enriched air pipes Road or oxygen channel；L4：Nitrogen pipeline；A：First cloth hopper；B：Second cloth hopper.
Embodiment
A kind of iron ore prereduction sintering equipment, the device includes：Sintering machine 4；First (cloth) hopper A and second (cloth) Hopper B；Ignition furnace 1 positioned at the front end of sintering machine 4；Seal closure 2 above the pallet of sintering machine 4, flue gas is followed Endless tube road L1, towards the large flue pipeline L2 of blowdown stack, oxygen-enriched air pipeline L3, for mixing via flue gas recirculation pipeline Circulating flue gas and the mixing chamber 3 via the oxygen-enriched air pipeline L3 oxygen-enriched air conveyed that L1 is conveyed, positioned at sintering machine afterbody Thermal griddle 6.Preferably, in addition to an oxygenerator.For separating oxygen and nitrogen from air.
First hopper A expects sintering pallet for above-described prereduction compound II cloth.Second hopper B is used for will Above-described conventional hybrid material I cloth is expected on the prereduction compound II layers on sintering pallet.
Preferably, the first hopper A and/or the second hopper B bottom are equipped with roll-type blowdown valve.
Preferably, device also includes the chimney 14 being connected with large flue pipeline L2.
In the present invention, sintering machine 4 has 20-32 bellows 15, preferably 24-28 bellows 15.
These bellows can be divided into：(several) front end bellows (the such as the 1st to the 11st bellows, such as the 1-9 bellows), it is (several It is individual) postmedian bellows (such as the 10th-the 30, such as the 12nd-the 25 bellows), (several) afterbody bellows (for example fall Several 1-3 bellows or the 1-2 bellows reciprocal).It is corresponding with these bellows, by the upper level running length of sintering machine Or level run interval (the corresponding length range in the level run direction i.e. above these bellows, on sintering machine) is divided into three Individual section：Front end, postmedian and the afterbody of sintering machine.Wherein, (several) front end bellows corresponding with sintering machine front end are (for example 1st to the 11st bellows, such as the 1-9 bellows) flue gas will outside be arranged (such as by large flue pipeline L2).With sintering machine The flue gas of corresponding (several) the postmedian bellows of postmedian (the such as the 10th to the 30th bellows, such as the 12-25 bellows) is made (for example it is collected or collects by flue gas recirculation main line L1) for circulating flue gas.(several) afterbody corresponding with sintering machine afterbody The flue gas of bellows (such as 1-3 bellows reciprocal or the 1-2 bellows reciprocal) also will be (such as by large flue pipeline L2) Outer row.Circulating flue gas is after gravitational dust collection or mixes and is formed with oxygen-enriched air 5 after dedusting is carried out using the first deduster Mixing air, sintering machine is returned afterwards to be used to sinter and/or combustion-supporting for sintering ignition.Sintering machine in addition to postmedian bellows Remaining bellows flue gas by deduster, main exhauster and flue gas purification system, it is then outer to arrange.
Seal closure is only placed only on the postmedian of sintering machine, that is, has seal closure to be only placed only in and sintering machine (several) postmedian wind Above the postmedian of the corresponding sintering machine of case.Therefore, the front end of sintering machine and afterbody are not sealed with cover covering.Therefore, enter Enter the pallet in the front end section and afterbody section of sintering machine and be not sealed with cover covering.Entrance sintering machine described here Pallet in afterbody section is used as cooling chassis.
Cover 2 is not sealed with into the 1-5 cooling chassis (preferably 2-3 cooling chassis) in the afterbody section of the sintering machine Covering.In other words, the afterbody of sintering machine has 1-5 cooling chassis (preferably 2-3 cooling chassis) as cooling chassis.Burn Afterbody or afterbody section (such as 1-3 reciprocal or reciprocal 1-2) bellows several with afterbody of knot machine are corresponding.At this In invention, bellows 15 (the such as the 10th to the 30th bellows 15, such as the 12-25 bellows 15) flue gas of sintering machine postmedian Output branch pipe is connected to flue gas recirculation main line L1.
Preferably, in the sintering machine postmedian section under seal closure 2 is covered, accordingly, the lower front end wind of seal closure 2 The flue gas output branch pipe of case (such as the 1-5 bellows of seal closure lower front end, preferably the 1-3 bellows) is provided with switching valve 13, and, in addition, in sintering machine afterbody bellows (such as sintering machine afterbody the 1-5 bellows reciprocal, 1-3 preferably reciprocal Bellows) flue gas output branch pipe be provided with switching valve 13.Cut respectively between large flue pipeline L2 and flue gas recirculation main line L1 Change.Therefore, allow flue gas to respectively lead to large flue pipeline L2 by the switching of switching valve 13 or lead to flue gas recirculation main line L1.
In the present invention, after flue gas recirculation main line L1 and oxygen-enriched pipeline L3 converges in mixing chamber 3, it is connected to igniter 1 With seal closure 2.
In the present invention, flue gas recirculation pipeline L1 is provided with the first deduster 8 and air-introduced machine 9.
In the present invention, large flue pipeline L2 is net provided with the second deduster 10, main exhauster 11, column for smoke purification or flue gas Makeup puts 12.
In the present invention, the sintering machine front end with being not sealed with the covering of cover 2 of sintering machine 4 and the corresponding wind of sintering machine afterbody The flue gas output branch road of case 15 is connected to large flue pipeline L2.That is, sintering machine (several) front end bellows 15 (the such as the 1st to 11st bellows, such as the 1-9 bellows) flue gas export branch road and be connected to large flue pipeline L2.(several) tail of sintering machine The flue gas output branch road of portion's bellows 15 (such as 1-3 bellows reciprocal or the 1-2 bellows reciprocal) is also connected to large flue Pipeline L2.
Preferably, the first deduster 8 be cyclone dust collectors or multi-tube dust cleaner and the second deduster 10 be electric cleaner or electricity+ Cloth bag complex dust collector.
Preferably, the rear end of Thermal griddle 6 is connected with conveyer 7.
Preferably, conveyer 7 is sealing chain scraper conveyor.Preferably, if taking the mode cooled down on machine, wherein adopting With nitrogen (such as being made by above-mentioned oxygenerator) as cooling gas, then several bellows flue gases behind petticoat pipe are circulated through waste heat recovery Circulated afterwards, realize the utilization of complementary energy, and prevent the re-oxidation of prereduced sinter cooling procedure.
Preferably, described device also include oxygenerator 16, it is oxygen channel L3, nitrogen pipeline L4, the second seal closure 19, remaining Device 17, exhaust gas circulating device 18, oxygen channel L3 connections oxygenerator 16 and mixing chamber 3 can be utilized, nitrogen pipeline L4 connects The seal closure 19 of oxygenerator 16 and second is connect, the second seal closure 19 is arranged on above the cooling chassis of sintering machine afterbody, sintering machine tail The flue gas output branch road of bellows 15 below portion's cooling chassis is connected to surplus energy utility device 17 (such as its smoke inlet), remaining It can be connected using device 17 (such as its flue gas output end) with waste gas recycling device 18, for example, be recycled to mixing chamber 3.
Surplus energy utility device is device commonly used in the art.Can be the devices such as steam-driven generator, waste heat boiler.
Comparative example 1 (individual layer distributing mode)
A kind of iron ore smoke gas circulating type prereduction sintering method comprises the following steps：
1) by iron ore powder (such as magnetite concentrate), additive (such as CaCO3Powder) and coke powder (or coal dust) mix after pass through pressure ball Or disk pelletizing mode carrys out pelletizing, the interior pelletizing for matching somebody with somebody carbon is obtained, wherein colliery ratio is 0.18:1 (wt), pelletizing average diameter is 6mm；
2) with iron ore powder (i.e. common Iron Ore Powder can be the mixture of fine ore or fine ore and concentrate), flux (it Include the mixture of the raw materials such as raw lime stone, lime stone；The amount ratio of this several raw material to control CaO in sintering deposit preparation process With SiO2Weight ratio be about 1.8:1) dispensing (obtaining butt material), wherein iron ore powder, flux and Jiao are carried out with coke blacking The amount ratio of charcoal fuel is 83:12:5；Then, add the 7wt%'s based on butt material gross weight in primary mixer Water is mixed to obtain sinter mixture；
3) by step 1) in obtain the interior pelletizing with carbon, step 2) in obtain sinter mixture and add coal fuel it is thin Powder (grade of more than 90% particle is less than 1mm) is mixed in second drum mixer, obtains prereduction sinter mixture, wherein： The amount ratio (pressing wt) of sinter mixture, carbon-burdened pellet and additional coal fuel fine powder is 58:40:2；
4) prereduction sinter mixture is arranged on the pallet of sintering machine 4 (bottom of the sintering machine 4 has 24 bellows) Smoke gas circulating type prereduction sintering is carried out, and is sintered under lower negative pressure, small air quantity.Here lower negative pressure refer to equivalent to 80% negative pressure (such as -12.8KPa) of normal sintering negative pressure.Small air quantity described here refers to 85% equivalent to conventional air quantity Air quantity (76.5m3/(m2.min))；With
5) prereduction sintering after sintering deposit under conditions of anoxybiotic (i.e. under conditions of hypoxemia (such as 0.1-3vol%) or anaerobic), Cooled down in pot type cooler 7 using nitrogen.A certain amount of chlorine of surface spraying from the exit of cooler to prereduced sinter Change calcium or calcium hydroxide (such as with the solution form of 0.5-5wt% concentration), reduce reoxidizing for transportation prereduced sinter.
In addition, in step 1) in, using the water of wetting amount, (the butt material i.e. based on step 1 is total during pelletizing is prepared The 7wt% of weight).
Wherein, in step 4) in smoke gas circulating type prereduction sintering be carried out as follows：From sintering machine head or front end the 3rd to 10th bellows and inverse the 1st from sintering machine afterbody or rear end to the 8th bellows reciprocal flue gas as circulating flue gas, The circulating flue gas conveyed via flue gas recirculation main line L1 after by first deduster 8 (i.e. cyclone dust collectors) dedusting with from richness The oxygen-enriched air 5 that oxygen air pipe line L3 is conveyed is mixed and forms mixing air, and sintering machine 4 is returned afterwards to be used to sinter.
Thickness of feed layer is 850mm or so after cloth on pallet.
In step 4) sintering step in, to before sintering machine hood after the ignition furnace (1) of sintering machine (4), using seal closure (2) all coverings, and keep being tiny structure (such as -50 to -5Pa) in seal closure.
Sintering process be sintering pallet machine speed be 3.5~4.0m/min, vertical sintering speed is 30mm/min, mixture warm Spend for 40~50 DEG C, sintering negative pressure is -13KPa, sintering air quantity is 72m3/(m2.min), EGT is under the conditions of 120 DEG C It is sintered.
Bellows (i.e. the 11st extremely reciprocal 9th) and the flue gas of igniting section bellows (such as the 1st and the 2nd bellows) exist in the middle part of sintering machine Main exhauster 11 enters in the second deduster 10 (i.e. electric cleaner) and column for smoke purification 12 under acting on via large flue pipeline L2 Handled, the flue gas after processing is discharged.
In step 5) in, the sintering deposit after prereduction is cooled down in pot type cooler 7 using nitrogen, to prevent prereduced sinter Secondary oxidation, the high-temp waste gas after cooling, which is transported in afterheat generating system, is used for cogeneration, and useless after cogeneration Gas, which is recycled in pot type cooler 7, is used for the cooling of sintering deposit.Sprayed in the exit of cooler to prereduced sinter certain The calcium chloride or calcium hydroxide (such as in the aqueous solution form of 0.5-5wt% concentration) of amount, reduce transportation prereduced sinter Reoxidize.
The reduction degree of the prereduced sinter obtained is in 40%~45% scope, and this mostlys come from the reduction of carbon-burdened pellet.
Due to using common fine iron breeze in the present embodiment 1, without increasing a phosphorus collector 13 on large flue pipeline L2.
Embodiment 1
A kind of iron ore prereduction sintering method, this method includes：
1) conventional hybrid material is prepared：By iron ore powder, flux (it include raw lime stone, three kinds of raw materials of lime stone and serpentine it is mixed Compound；The amount ratio of these three raw materials to control CaO and SiO in sintering deposit preparation process2Weight ratio be about 1.8:1) Feed proportioning is carried out, is mixed, granulation obtains conventional hybrid material (I), the wherein amount ratio of iron ore powder, flux and coal fuel For 83:12:5；
2) prereduction compound is prepared：By pelletizing (such as disk pelletizing or pressure ball) after the mixing of iron ore powder, additive and coke powder Match somebody with somebody the pelletizing (IIa) of carbon in obtaining, wherein：Fuel is with ore deposit ratio 0.18:1 (wt), pelletizing average diameter is 6mm；
The interior pelletizing (IIa) with carbon is placed in trommel mixer, adds and is fired outside fuel fine powder and flux, mixing, pelletizing Material fine powder and flux are wrapped, and obtain prereduction compound (II), wherein：The interior pelletizing (IIa) with carbon, fuel fine powder and flux Consumption mass ratio is 1：0.012：0.008；Wherein, the grade of the particle of fuel fine powder requirement more than 90% is less than 1mm；
3) cloth：Using double-layer cloth mode, using the first hopper A by step 2) made from prereduction compound (II) in advance Be arranged on sintering pallet, using the second hopper B by step 1) made from conventional hybrid material (I) be arranged in prereduction compound (II) on layer；Wherein, the thickness of prereduction compound accounts for the 40% of prereduction compound and conventional hybrid material gross thickness, remaining For conventional hybrid material；It is pre- that smoke gas circulating type is carried out on the pallet of sintering machine 4 (bottom of the sintering machine 4 has 24 bellows) Reduction sintering, and be sintered under lower negative pressure, small air quantity.Here lower negative pressure refers to 80% equivalent to normal sintering negative pressure Negative pressure (such as -12.8KPa).Small air quantity described here refers to the air quantity (76.5m equivalent to the 85% of conventional air quantity3/ (m2.min))；
4) sinter：Igniting, conventional hybrid material and prereduction compound carry out smoke gas circulating type sintering on sintering machine.
5) sinter cake after sintering is after crushing by Thermal griddle, and product is sent to blast furnace, minus sieve powder by chain scraper conveyor on sieve Return to step 1 after cooling) in dispensing.
Wherein, thickness of feed layer is 850mm or so after the cloth on pallet.The the 10th to the 20th from sintering machine postmedian The flue gas of individual bellows is as circulating flue gas, and circulating flue gas after gravitational dust collection or is carrying out cyclone dust removal using the first deduster 8 Mixed afterwards with oxygen-enriched air 5 and form mixing air, sintering machine is returned afterwards to be used to sinter, it is preferred that the flue gas of circulation Returning to sintering machine is used to sinter and combustion-supporting for sintering ignition, preferably to adjust flue gas recirculation rate, and control wind oxygen balance. The flue gas of remaining bellows 15 in addition to postmedian bellows of sintering machine passes through deduster 10, main exhauster 11 and gas cleaning System 12, it is then outer to arrange.The afterbody of sintering machine is provided with 3 cooling chassis, step 5) in sinter cake by cooling down after chassis, pass through Upper product is sieved after overheat sieve processing, and blast furnace is transported to using sealed induction system.
Embodiment 2
Repeat embodiment 1, simply step 1) in the amount ratio of iron ore powder, flux and coal fuel be 81:15:4；Step It is rapid 2) in fuel and ore deposit ratio 0.25:1 (wt) pelletizing average diameter is 10mm；The interior pelletizing with carbon, fuel fine powder and flux Consumption mass ratio be 1：0.15：0.01.
In addition, 1) technique except including preparing conventional hybrid material；2) prereduction compound is prepared；3) cloth；4) burn Outside knot, in addition to：
5) oxygen processed：Air is separated using oxygenerator and oxygen and nitrogen is obtained, and wherein oxygen is used for flue gas recirculation sintering and matches somebody with somebody oxygen, nitrogen Gas is used to cool down on machine；Also, the flue gas progress waste heat recovery (waste heat producing steam or generating) of cool wind box is realized afterwards on machine follows Ring, is reused for cooling down on machine；With.
6) sinter cake after sintering is after crushing by Thermal griddle, and product is sent to blast furnace, minus sieve powder by chain scraper conveyor on sieve Return to step 1 after cooling) in dispensing.
Embodiment 3
Embodiment 1 is repeated, simply coke powder is substituted with coal dust, calcium hydroxide substitutes quick lime.
Embodiment 4
Embodiment 1 is repeated, simply the thickness of prereduction compound accounts for the 50% of prereduction compound and conventional hybrid material gross thickness, Remaining is conventional hybrid material.
Embodiment 5
Embodiment 1 is repeated, simply the 8th of sintering machine postmedian to the flue gas of the 18th bellows (15) is used as circulating flue gas, circulation Flue gas is after gravitational dust collection or is mixed after cyclone dust removal is carried out using the first deduster (8) with oxygen-enriched air (5) and forms mixed Air is closed, sintering machine is returned afterwards to be used to sinter and combustion-supporting for sintering ignition；Its in addition to postmedian bellows of sintering machine The flue gas of lingering remnants of past customs case (15) is then outer to arrange by deduster (10), main exhauster (11) and flue gas purification system (12).
Embodiment 6
A kind of iron ore prereduction sintering equipment, the device includes：Sintering machine 4；Ignition furnace 1 positioned at the front end of sintering machine 4； Seal closure 2 above the pallet of sintering machine 4, flue gas recirculation pipeline L1, towards the large flue pipeline L2 of blowdown stack, Oxygen-enriched air pipeline L3, for mixing via the flue gas recirculation pipeline L1 circulating flue gas conveyed and via oxygen-enriched air pipeline L3 The mixing chamber 3 of the oxygen-enriched air conveyed, positioned at the Thermal griddle 6 of sintering machine afterbody.Device also includes connecting with large flue pipeline L2 The chimney 14 connect.Wherein, sintering machine 4 has 24 bellows 15.Seal closure is covered in the 10th to of sintering machine postmedian 20 bellows 15.4 bellows of 9 anterior bellows of sintering machine 4 and the afterbody of sintering machine 4 are not sealed with the cooling of cover covering Chassis.The 10th of sintering machine postmedian to the flue gas output branch pipe of the 20th bellows is connected to flue gas recirculation main line L1.Cigarette After gas circulation main line L1 and oxygen-enriched pipeline L3 converges in mixing chamber 3, igniter 1 and seal closure 2 are connected to.Flue gas is followed The first deduster 8 and air-introduced machine 9 on the L1 of endless tube road.Be additionally provided with device the second deduster 10 on large flue pipeline L2, Main exhauster 11, column for smoke purification or smoke eliminator 12.The 4 of 9 anterior bellows of sintering machine 4 and the afterbody of sintering machine 4 The flue gas output branch road of individual bellows is connected to large flue pipeline L2.First deduster 8 is cyclone dust collectors and the second deduster 10 It is electric cleaner.
Embodiment 7
Repeat embodiment 6, simply the 1-3 bellows 15 of seal closure lower front end and sintering machine afterbody inverse the 1-3 bellows 15 flue gas output branch pipe is provided with switching valve 13.Switch respectively between large flue pipeline L2 and flue gas recirculation main line L1. The flue gas for allowing flue gas to export in branch pipe by the switching of switching valve 13 respectively leads to large flue pipeline L2 or leads to flue gas recirculation supervisor Road L1.
Embodiment 8
Embodiment 6 is repeated, simply the rear end of Thermal griddle 6 is connected with sealing chain scraper conveyor.
Embodiment 9
Embodiment 6 is repeated, simply described device also includes oxygenerator 16, oxygen channel L3, nitrogen pipeline L4, the second seal closure 19th, surplus energy utility device 17, exhaust gas circulating device 18, oxygen channel L3 connections oxygenerator 16 and mixing chamber 3, nitrogen pipeline L4 connections oxygenerator 16 and the second seal closure 19, the second seal closure 19 are arranged on above the cooling chassis of sintering machine afterbody, sintering The flue gas output branch road of bellows 15 below drive end unit cooling chassis is connected to the smoke inlet of the boiler of steam-driven generator, steam hair The tail gas output end of the boiler of motor is connected with waste gas recycling device 18 (circulation line), for example, be recycled in mixing chamber 3.
Effect data
Compared with comparative example 1, embodiments of the invention 1-5 can sinter out upper strata conventional sintering ore deposit, lower floor's reduction on chassis The high prereduced sinter of degree, so as to realize that part prereduced sinter enters the purpose of stove.On the one hand good gas permeability ensures The uniformity of sintering quality and levels sintering degree, on the other hand, can lay thicker thickness of feed layer, make full use of automatic Accumulation of heat principle, significantly improves production efficiency and reduces fuel consumption.The present invention has significant emission reduction and energy-saving effect.

Claims (16)

1. a kind of iron ore prereduction sintering method, this method includes：
1) conventional hybrid material is prepared：Iron ore powder, flux and fuel are subjected to feed proportioning, mixed, granulation obtains tradition mixed Material (I) is closed, the wherein amount ratio of iron ore powder, flux and fuel is 75-85:10-15:3-6；
2) prereduction compound is prepared：By pelletizing (such as disk pelletizing or pressure ball) after the mixing of iron ore powder, additive and fuel Match somebody with somebody the pelletizing (IIa) of carbon in obtaining, wherein：Fuel is with ore deposit ratio 0.08~0.35:1 (wt), preferably 0.1~0.3:1(wt)、 More preferably 0.15~0.2:1 (wt) scope, pelletizing (IIa) average diameter is in 3~15mm, preferably 4~11mm, more preferably 5~8mm；
The interior pelletizing (IIa) with carbon is placed in trommel mixer, fuel fine powder and flux (such as quick lime) is added, mixed, Atomized water is added simultaneously, is realized outside pelletizing and to be wrapped by fuel fine powder and flux, obtains prereduction compound (II), wherein：It is interior The consumption mass ratio of pelletizing (IIa), fuel fine powder and flux with carbon is 1：0.001-0.025：0.001-0.02, preferably 1： 0.005-0.02：0.003-0.015, more preferably 1：0.01-0.015：0.005-0.01；
3) cloth：Using double-layer cloth mode, by step 2) made from prereduction compound (II) be previously placed at sintering board Che Shang, by step 1) made from conventional hybrid material (I) be arranged on the prereduction mixing bed of material；
4) sinter：Igniting, conventional hybrid material and prereduction compound carry out smoke gas circulating type sintering on sintering machine.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：This method also includes：
5) oxygen processed：Air is separated using oxygenerator and oxygen and nitrogen is obtained, and wherein oxygen is used for flue gas recirculation sintering and matches somebody with somebody oxygen, nitrogen Gas is used to cool down on machine；It may further be preferable that the flue gas of cool wind box carries out waste heat recovery (waste heat producing steam or generating) on machine Circulation is realized afterwards, is reused for cooling down on machine；Preferably, if taking the mode cooled down on machine, wherein employ nitrogen as Cooling gas, then circulate several bellows flue gases behind petticoat pipe and circulated after waste heat recovery, realize the utilization of complementary energy, and Prevent the re-oxidation of prereduced sinter cooling procedure；With
6) sinter cake after sintering is after crushing by Thermal griddle, and product is sent to blast furnace on sieve, and minus sieve powder returns to step after cooling It is rapid 1) in dispensing.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The fuel is coke powder, coal dust or coke powder and coal The mixing of both powder, and/or
(such as two kinds or three of one or more of the flux in lime stone, dolomite, quick lime, serpentine, calcium hydroxide Kind).
4. the method according to any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that：Step 3) the middle prereduction mixing arranged The thickness of feed layer of material (II) accounts for 20-70%, the preferably 30-60% of prereduction compound and conventional hybrid material gross thickness, more preferably 40-50%, remaining is conventional hybrid material；And/or
Prereduction compound (II) is expected on sintering pallet by the first hopper (A) cloth, and conventional hybrid material (I) passes through the second material Bucket (B) cloth is expected on prereduction compound (II) layer on sintering pallet.
5. the method according to any one of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that：Step 4) in smoke gas circulating type in advance also Original sintering refers to：(several) bellows (15) (the such as the 10th to the 30th bellows, such as 12-25 from sintering machine postmedian Bellows) flue gas as circulating flue gas, circulating flue gas after gravitational dust collection or using the first deduster (8) carry out dedusting after Mixed with oxygen-enriched air (5) and form mixing air, sintering machine is returned afterwards to be used to sinter and/or combustion-supporting for sintering ignition.
6. the method according to any one of claim 1-5, it is characterised in that：Step 2) in the fuel fine powder that uses will The grade of more than 90% particle is asked to be less than 2mm, more preferably less than preferably smaller than 1.5mm, 1mm.
7. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：Sintering machine has such as 20-32 (preferably 24-28) (several) bellows (15) (the such as the 10th to the 30th bellows (15), such as 12-25 of bellows (15), wherein sintering machine postmedian Individual bellows (15)) flue gas as circulating flue gas, circulating flue gas is removed after gravitational dust collection or using the first deduster (8) Mixed after dirt with oxygen-enriched air (5) and form mixing air, sintering machine is returned afterwards to be used to sinter, it is preferred that the cigarette of circulation Gas, which returns to sintering machine, to be used to sinter and combustion-supporting for sintering ignition, and preferably to adjust flue gas recirculation rate, and control wind oxygen is put down Weighing apparatus；And/or
The flue gas of remaining bellows (15) in addition to postmedian bellows of sintering machine passes through deduster (10), main exhauster (11) With flue gas purification system (12), then arrange outside；Preferably, if taking the mode cooled down on machine, wherein employ nitrogen as Cooling gas, then circulate several bellows flue gases behind petticoat pipe and circulated after waste heat recovery, realize the utilization of complementary energy, and Prevent the re-oxidation of prereduced sinter cooling procedure.
8. the method according to any one of claim 1-7, it is characterised in that：There is seal closure to be only placed only in and sinter On the corresponding sintering machine postmedian of (several) the postmedian bellows (15) of machine, and enter the afterbody or afterbody section of the sintering machine In 1-5 pallet (preferably 2-3 pallet) as cooling chassis, step 5) in sinter cake by cooling down chassis Afterwards, upper product is sieved after overheating sieve processing and blast furnace is transported to using sealed induction system, and/or
Preferably, the high-temp waste gas of cooling chassis lower bellows (15) or a part for flue gas are transported to surplus energy utility device (17), Waste gas or flue gas after surplus energy utility device (17) utilization are recycled.
9. a kind of iron ore prereduction sintering equipment or the device for method any one of claim 1-8, the device Including：Sintering machine (4)；First hopper (A) and the second hopper (B)；Ignition furnace (1) positioned at the front end of sintering machine (4)；Positioned at burning Seal closure (2) above the pallet of knot machine (4), flue gas recirculation pipeline (L1), towards the large flue pipeline (L2) of blowdown stack, Oxygen-enriched air pipeline (L3), the circulating flue gas conveyed for mixing via flue gas recirculation pipeline (L1) and via oxygen-enriched air pipeline (L3) mixing chamber (3) of the oxygen-enriched air conveyed, positioned at the Thermal griddle (6) of sintering machine afterbody.
10. device according to claim 9, it is characterised in that sintering machine (4) has 20-32 bellows (15), preferably 24-28 bellows (15)；And/or
First hopper (A) is used to described prereduction compound (II) cloth expecting that sintering pallet, and the second hopper (B) are used for Described conventional hybrid material (I) cloth is expected on prereduction compound (II) layer on sintering pallet, and/or
Seal closure (2) is only placed only in and the bellows (15) of sintering machine postmedian (the such as the 10th to the 30th bellows (15), such as the 12-25 bellows (15)) on corresponding sintering machine postmedian.
11. the device according to claim 9 or 10, it is characterised in that：The bellows (15) (such as of sintering machine postmedian 10 to the 30th bellows (15), such as the 12-25 bellows (15)) flue gas exports branch pipe and is connected to flue gas recirculation main line (L1)； And/or
In the sintering machine postmedian section under seal closure (2) is covered, accordingly, seal closure (2) lower front end bellows are (for example The 1-5 bellows of seal closure lower front end, preferably the 1-3 bellows) flue gas output branch pipe be provided with switching valve (13), and, In addition, in sintering machine afterbody bellows (such as sintering machine afterbody the 1-5 bellows reciprocal, the 1-3 bellows preferably reciprocal) Flue gas output branch pipe is provided with switching valve (13), therefore, allows flue gas to respectively lead to large flue pipeline by the switching of switching valve (13) (L2) or flue gas recirculation main line (L1) is led to.
12. device according to claim 11, it is characterised in that：Flue gas recirculation main line (L1) and oxygen-enriched pipeline (L3) After converging in mixing chamber (3), igniter (1) and seal closure (2) are connected to.
13. the device according to any one of claim 9-12, it is characterised in that described device further comprises：It is arranged at The first deduster (8) and air-introduced machine (9) on flue gas recirculation pipeline (L1)；With second be arranged on large flue pipeline (L2) removes Dirt device (10), main exhauster (11), column for smoke purification or smoke eliminator (12).
14. device according to claim 10, wherein, the sintering machine with being not sealed with cover (2) covering of sintering machine (4) The flue gas output branch road of the front end front end bellows corresponding with sintering machine afterbody and afterbody bellows (15) is connected to large flue pipeline (L2)；Preferably, if taking the mode cooled down on machine, wherein employing nitrogen as cooling gas, then circulate behind petticoat pipe Several bellows flue gases circulated after waste heat recovery, realize the utilization of complementary energy, and prevent prereduced sinter cooling procedure Re-oxidation；And/or
Wherein, the first deduster (8) is cyclone dust collectors or multi-tube dust cleaner and the second deduster (10) is electric cleaner or electricity+cloth Bag complex dust collector.
15. the device according to any one of claim 9-14, it is characterised in that：The rear end of Thermal griddle (6) and conveyer (7) Connection；And/or
Conveyer (7) is sealing chain scraper conveyor；And/or
Described device also includes being used to separate air and obtain the oxygenerator of oxygen and nitrogen, and wherein oxygen is used for flue gas recirculation sintering With oxygen, nitrogen is used to cool down on machine.
16. device according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：Described device also includes oxygenerator (16), oxygen channel (L3), nitrogen pipeline (L4), the second seal closure (19), surplus energy utility device (17), exhaust gas circulating device (18), oxygen Pipeline (L3) connection oxygenerator (16) and mixing chamber (3), nitrogen pipeline (L4) connection oxygenerator (16) and the second sealing Cover (19), the second seal closure (19) is arranged on above the cooling chassis of sintering machine afterbody, below sintering machine afterbody cooling bench car The flue gas output branch road of bellows (15) is connected to the flue gas input of surplus energy utility device (17), surplus energy utility device (17) Flue gas output end be connected with waste gas recycling device (18).
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CN109112296A (en) * 2018-09-28 2019-01-01 山东泰威冶金材料制造有限公司 A kind of low-carbon oxygen-enriched sintering method
CN109628733A (en) * 2019-01-15 2019-04-16 中南大学 A kind of low NOx sintering method of low-carbon based on fuel reasonable layout
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CN113789439A (en) * 2021-09-18 2021-12-14 重庆钢铁股份有限公司 Preparation process of sintering material and sintering process
CN114182090A (en) * 2022-01-10 2022-03-15 张亚玉 Batch type mineral powder sintering equipment and sintering method

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