CN107300493B - Manufacturing die and manufacturing method for pore rock sample - Google Patents
Manufacturing die and manufacturing method for pore rock sample Download PDFInfo
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of rock-like samples and preparation thereof, and relates to a die and a method for manufacturing a pore rock-like sample, wherein bolt holes are respectively arranged on the periphery of upper and lower ports of a movable upper base plate, a movable lower base plate and a die body along the circumferential direction, and the parts of the die are mutually connected and fixed by bolt anchoring matched with the bolt holes, so that the die is convenient for demoulding of a prefabricated sample; the movable upper bottom plate, the lower bottom plate and the die body are respectively provided with the holes which are uniformly distributed at equal intervals, the distance between the adjacent holes is set according to actual needs, the cost is low, the operation is simple, the customization period is short, the batch production can be realized, the prefabricated rock-like holes have the advantages of adjustable length, adjustable angle and variable diameter, the hole positioning is accurate, the hole parameters are convenient to calculate, and a powerful basis is provided for the mechanical research of the rock sample with the hole.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the technical field of rock-like samples and preparation thereof, and relates to a manufacturing die and a manufacturing method for manufacturing pore rock-like samples with different forms.
Background art:
the natural rock mass has the characteristics of pore cracks and the like, has important influence on the mechanical property of the rock mass, and is one of important research directions in rock mechanics when the rock containing pores is subjected to experimental research. In order to obtain a rock sample with preset pores and research the influence of the pore morphology on the mechanical properties of the rock, a method for artificially prefabricating rock and rock-like samples with fissured pores is provided. At present, the rock and rock-like sample fracture pore prefabrication methods comprise the following steps: the method is a method for manufacturing a real sample with a through hole and cutting the real rock sample by using a cutting machine or a drilling machine, the method can obtain the sample with the hole and the crack based on the real rock, but the method can affect the original mechanical characteristics of the rock sample when the hole is processed, and the defects of the method are highlighted because the strength of equipment required by cutting is higher and the shapes of the hole and the crack are single; secondly, a pre-embedding method, wherein a rock-like material, such as gypsum, cement, mortar and the like, and other mixed materials are prepared into a plasticized material according to a certain proportion to simulate the rock material, and the material with obvious difference in pre-embedding strength is used for simulating joints or cracks of the rock in the plasticizing process, so that rock-like samples with discontinuous strength can be manufactured under the condition of not secondarily influencing the rock sample, and triaxial and uniaxial mechanical tests of the sample are performed, but only the rock sample with the similar strength to the crack can be manufactured by the method, and the holes cannot be reserved for rock sample permeability research, so that the method still has defects in the aspect of researching the influence of the permeability on the rock mechanical property; thirdly, the inserting method, Chinese patent CN105806687.A, discloses a mold for manufacturing a rock sample with adjustable crack face width, wherein the size of the crack width is controlled by rotating a circular positioning plate in a staggered manner, and the crack with controllable angle and position can be obtained by rotating the circular positioning plate to adjust the angle of a prefabricated crack and an elongated thin steel sheet, but the thin steel sheet is difficult to take out after material plasticization without special treatment, and the fracture form is inevitably changed when the thin steel sheet is taken out, so that the prefabricated crack accuracy is influenced. Therefore, it is urgently needed to design a manufacturing mold and a manufacturing method for manufacturing porous rock samples with different forms.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, overcome the defects of the existing method for manufacturing the pore rock-like sample, and design and provide a die for manufacturing the pore rock-like sample with reserved pores and a manufacturing method thereof so as to realize the preparation of the pore rock-like sample with different forms.
In order to achieve the purpose, the mold for manufacturing the pore rock sample is designed into a cuboid or cylindrical structure according to the actual test requirements, the specific size is adjusted and processed according to the actual requirements, and the main structure of the mold comprises three parts of a movable upper bottom plate, a movable lower bottom plate and a mold body, and the movable upper bottom plate, the movable lower bottom plate and the movable mold bodyBolt holes are respectively arranged on the periphery of the upper and lower ports of the die body along the circumferential direction, and the parts of the die are mutually connected and fixed by bolt anchoring matched with the bolt holes, so that the demoulding of the prefabricated sample is facilitated; the movable upper bottom plate, the lower bottom plate and the die body are respectively provided with holes which are uniformly distributed at equal intervals, the interval between adjacent holes is set according to actual needs, the coordinate positions of all the holes are determined by setting a space coordinate system, the length and angle parameters of any hole can be calculated according to the coordinate positions of the holes, and the coordinate of the initial point of a certain hole is set as P (P)1，p2，p3) Coordinate of end point is Q (Q)1，q2，q3) Then, the length and angle parameters of the aperture are calculated according to the following formulas:
equation of the line connecting two ends of the pore:
(x-p1)/(q1-p1)＝(y-p2)/(q2-p2)＝(z-p3)/(q3-p3) (1)
the distance formula of the connecting line of two end points of the pore:
the included angle calculation formula of the connecting line of the two end points of the pore and the Z axis is as follows:
the movable upper bottom plate is composed of four baffles, each baffle can be separated from and assembled with a framework shaped like a Chinese character 'tian', distributed holes are reserved in the transverse framework and the vertical framework in the framework shaped like the Chinese character 'tian', and any one baffle can be freely installed and disassembled, so that iron wire positioning and rock-like slurry pouring can be carried out simultaneously when a sample is prepared.
When the pore rock sample is manufactured, the used auxiliary components comprise the tinfoil patch, the clamp, the iron wire and the paraffin, wherein the tinfoil patch is tightly attached to the inner wall of the mould, so that slurry is prevented from overflowing from the hole of the mould when the sample is poured; the fixture is used for clamping and fixing the iron wire, when two ends of the iron wire extend out of the die hole, the iron wire is positioned outside the die hole through the fixture, and the two ends of the iron wire are fixed; the iron wire is used for preparing the reserved simulated pores of the sample, the iron wires with different specifications and lengths are selected according to actual needs, and the iron wire can be bent to simulate the tortuous pore form in a small amplitude; the paraffin is used for wrapping the surface of the iron wire, the paraffin is uniformly coated on the surface of the iron wire, and the iron wire is heated after the sample is formed to melt the paraffin on the surface of the iron wire, so that the iron wire can be extracted without disturbance.
The specific process for manufacturing the pore rock sample comprises the following steps:
(1) positioning the holes: calculating the length and angle parameters of the required hole through formulas (1), (2) and (3), firstly determining a coordinate system and an origin of coordinates, selecting a hole coordinate of an initial point of the hole, calculating a hole coordinate of a final point of the hole, and positioning and marking the hole of the die;
(2) fixing the tinfoil paster: after the hole coordinates are determined, the tinfoil patches are attached to the lower bottom plate and the inner wall of the die body for sealing, so that pouring slurry is prevented from flowing out of the holes;
(3) arranging iron wires: selecting the specification of an iron wire according to the required pore form, uniformly coating paraffin on the surface of the iron wire, penetrating two ends of the iron wire through the tinfoil patches and extending out of the positioning holes, and positioning the iron wire by using an iron wire clamp;
(4) pouring slurry: after the sealing of the mold and the positioning of the iron wires are finished, pouring slurry, wherein the slurry is proportioned according to the strength of required rocks, and the position and the shape of the iron wires arranged in advance are kept during pouring;
(5) iron wire extraction, pore prefabrication: the reserved pores are divided into two types of permeable pores and semi-permeable pores, wherein the permeable pores are manufactured in the following steps: after the slurry is poured and plasticized, heating the iron wire to melt paraffin on the surface of the iron wire, and then extracting the iron wire to form pores; the manufacturing process of the semi-permeable pores comprises the following steps: after slurry is poured, quantitatively extracting an iron wire without plasticizing materials, when slurry is poured, completely covering the iron wire with the slurry, inserting and tamping the iron wire to be compact, releasing one end of the iron wire, quantitatively extracting the iron wire from the other end along a positioning straight line, and determining the extraction length according to requirements; the pore section of the drawn iron wire is filled with the slurry, and the slurry is continuously poured until the pouring is finished; and heating the iron wire for extracting the rest part of the iron wire after the slurry material is plasticized, and forming a pore which is a semi-permeable pore so as to finish the manufacture of the pore rock sample.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: firstly, the designed mould has greater flexibility, the position of the pore and the size of the mould can be adjusted, processed and manufactured according to actual requirements, the cost is low, the operation is simple, the customization period is short, the mould can be produced in batches, and the mould is suitable for wide research and application; and secondly, the prefabricated rock-like pores have the advantages of adjustable length, adjustable angle and variable diameter, the pores are accurately positioned, the pore parameters are convenient to calculate, and a powerful foundation is provided for the mechanical research of the rock sample with the pores.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the principle of the main structure of the cylindrical or rectangular parallelepiped mold of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the positioning of the apertures in the cylindrical mold in a particular position according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the positioning of the apertures at a specific location of a rectangular parallelepiped mold according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a structural view of a movable upper base plate combination mode of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the iron wire clamp structure of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the bending of the iron wire of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the effect of the preparation of the through-hole sample according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the effect of the semi-permeable pore sample preparation according to the present invention.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention is further described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
in the embodiment, a cuboid and a cylinder mould are respectively designed by taking a standard rock sample as an example, and special point hole coordinates of the standard rock sample are taken for detailed description, as shown in fig. 1, the main structure of the prefabricated rock sample comprises three parts, namely a movable upper base plate I, a movable lower base plate II and a movable mould body III, bolt holes are uniformly distributed on the periphery of upper and lower ports of the movable upper base plate I, the movable lower base plate II and the movable mould body III along the circumferential direction, and the movable upper base plate I, the movable lower base plate II and the movable mould body III are connected and fixed with each other by anchoring bolts IV matched with the bolt holes, so that the prefabricated; wherein the size of the rectangular mould is 50mm multiplied by 100mm, and the size of the cylindrical mould is phi 50mm multiplied by 100 mm; holes which are uniformly distributed at equal intervals are respectively arranged on the upper base plate I, the lower base plate II and the die body III, the distance between the centers of circles of adjacent holes is 10mm, and the distance between the center of circle of the hole at the middle edge of the upper base plate I and the lower base plate II and the edge of the base plate is 5 mm; the edge hole centre of a circle and the mould edge interval in the die body III are 10mm, further set for the space coordinate system, and the position of coordinate origin O is selected respectively as shown in figure 2, fig. 3 to cylinder mould and cuboid mould, and then the space coordinate position of all holes can be confirmed, as shown in figure 2, fig. 3, wherein the special punishment of mould department hole space coordinate respectively is:
first column: (0, 0, 10 xn), a second column (25, 25, 10 xn),
the third column (0, 50, 10 xn), the fourth column (-25, 25, 10 xn),
wherein n is 1 to 9;
the upper and lower surfaces are vertical (-30+10 Xm, 25, 50),
the lower bottom surface is vertical (-30+10 Xm, 25, 0),
wherein m is 1 to 5;
upper and lower surfaces of the sheet are arranged transversely [0, 5+10 × (k-1), 50],
lower bottom surface transverse [0, 5+10 × (k-1), 50],
wherein k is 1 to 5.
After the die hole coordinates are determined, the die hole coordinates can be used for further calculating any length and angle parameters of the hole according to the hole positioning coordinates, and the coordinates of the initial point of a certain hole are set to be P (P)1，p2，p3) Coordinate of end point is Q (Q)1，q2，q3) Then, the length and angle parameters of the aperture are calculated according to the following formulas:
equation of the line connecting two ends of the pore:
(x-p1)/(q1-p1)＝(y-p2)/(q2-p2)＝(z-p3)/(q3-p3) (1)
the distance formula of the connecting line of two end points of the pore:
the included angle calculation formula of the connecting line of the two end points of the pore and the z axis is as follows:
selecting the 2 nd point hole in the first row of the cuboid mold as an initial point with the hole coordinate of P (0, 0, 20), selecting the 8 th point hole in the third row as a termination point with the hole coordinate of Q (0, 50, 80), and calculating the length of the two termination points as shown in the formula (2)
From equation (3), | PQ | is calculated to have an angle of α ═ arctan (60/50) ═ arctan1.2 ═ 50.1 ° with the Z axis.
This embodiment mobilizable upper plate I comprises "field font" skeleton and four baffles, the baffle can with "field font" skeleton separation equipment, horizontal and vertical skeleton in the "field font" skeleton reserves respectively and distributes the hole to can freely install and dismantle (as shown in fig. 4) wherein arbitrary baffle, pour with class rock slurry and go on simultaneously with the iron wire location.
In the embodiment, when the pore rock sample is prepared, the used auxiliary components comprise a tinfoil patch, a clamp (shown in fig. 5), an iron wire and paraffin, wherein the tinfoil patch is tightly attached to the inner wall of the mold, so that slurry is prevented from overflowing from the hole of the mold when the sample is poured; the fixture is used for clamping and fixing the iron wire, when two ends of the iron wire extend out of the die hole, the iron wire is positioned outside the die hole through the fixture, and the two ends of the iron wire are fixed; the iron wire is used for preparing the reserved simulated pores of the sample, the iron wires with different specifications and lengths are selected according to actual needs, and the iron wire can be bent in a small amplitude to simulate a tortuous pore form (as shown in figure 6); the paraffin is used for wrapping the surface of the iron wire, the paraffin is uniformly coated on the surface of the iron wire, and the iron wire is heated after the sample is formed to melt the paraffin on the surface of the iron wire, so that the iron wire can be extracted without disturbance.
Example 2:
in this embodiment, the square sample mold described in embodiment 1 is used to prepare a porous rock sample, and the specific preparation process includes the following steps:
(1) positioning the holes: selecting the positions of the two points in the embodiment 1, and calculating that the length of the pore is 78.1mm and the included angle between the pore and the Z axis is 50.1 degrees;
(2) fixing the tinfoil paster: after the hole coordinates are determined, the tinfoil patches are adhered to the upper bottom plate, the lower bottom plate and the inner wall of the die body, so that pouring slurry is prevented from overflowing from the holes;
(3) arranging iron wires: selecting a 2 mm-diameter iron wire according to the required pore shape, uniformly coating paraffin on the surface of the iron wire, checking the uniformity, penetrating two ends of the iron wire through the tinfoil patches, extending out of the positioning holes, and positioning the iron wire by using an iron wire clamp;
(4) pouring a sample: after the positioning and sealing work of the iron wire is finished, pouring of rock-like material slurry can be carried out, the pouring is carried out from the movable opening end of the upper bottom plate, and the position and the shape of the iron wire which is arranged in advance are kept when the pouring is also required to be paid attention to;
(5) iron wire extraction, pore prefabrication: the reserved pores are divided into two pore forms of permeability and semi-permeability; the preparation process of the through pores comprises the following steps: after the rock-like material slurry is completely poured and plasticized, heating the iron wire to melt paraffin on the surface of the iron wire, and then extracting the iron wire to form a through pore shape, as shown in fig. 7; the preparation process of the semi-permeable pores comprises the following steps: completely covering the iron wire with the rock-like material slurry for inserting and tamping to be compact, releasing the left lower end of the iron wire, and extracting along a positioning straight line from the right upper end, wherein the extraction length is half of the length of the prefabricated pore, namely 39.05 mm; and filling the hole section with the extracted iron wire by the slurry, continuously pouring the slurry until the pouring is finished, heating the iron wire to extract the rest iron wire after the slurry is plasticized, and forming a hole, namely a semi-permeable hole, as shown in fig. 8, thereby finishing the preparation of the rock-like sample.
Claims (1)
1. A pore rock sample manufacturing die is characterized in that the pore rock sample manufacturing die is designed into a cuboid or cylindrical structure according to actual test requirements, the specific size is adjusted and processed according to actual requirements, the main structure of the pore rock sample manufacturing die comprises three parts of a movable upper base plate, a movable lower base plate and a die body, bolt holes are respectively arranged on the peripheries of the upper end opening and the lower end opening of the movable upper base plate, the movable lower base plate and the die body along the circumferential direction, and the parts of the die are mutually connected and fixed through bolt anchoring by using bolts matched with the bolt holes, so that the die stripping of a prefabricated sample is facilitated; the movable upper bottom plate, the lower bottom plate and the die body are respectively provided with holes which are uniformly distributed at equal intervals, the interval between adjacent holes is set according to actual needs, the coordinate positions of all the holes are determined by setting a space coordinate system, the length and angle parameters of any hole can be calculated according to the coordinate positions of the holes, and the coordinate of the initial point of a certain hole is set as P (P)1，p2，p3) Coordinate of end point is Q (Q)1，q2，q3) Then, the length and angle parameters of the aperture are calculated according to the following formulas:
equation of the line connecting two ends of the pore:
(x-p1)/(q1-p1)＝(y-p2)/(q2-p2)＝(z-p3)/(q3-p3) (1)
the distance formula of the connecting line of two end points of the pore:
the included angle calculation formula of the connecting line of the two end points of the pore and the Z axis is as follows:
the movable upper bottom plate consists of four baffles, each baffle can be separated from and assembled with a framework shaped like a Chinese character 'tian', distributed holes are reserved in the transverse framework and the vertical framework in the framework shaped like the Chinese character 'tian', and any one of the baffles can be freely installed and disassembled so as to ensure that iron wire positioning and rock-like slurry pouring can be carried out simultaneously when a sample is prepared;
when the mold is used for manufacturing a pore rock sample, the used auxiliary components comprise a tinfoil patch, a clamp, an iron wire and paraffin, wherein the tinfoil patch is tightly attached to the inner wall of the mold, so that slurry is prevented from overflowing from the hole of the mold when the sample is poured; the fixture is used for clamping and fixing the iron wire, when two ends of the iron wire extend out of the die hole, the iron wire is positioned outside the die hole through the fixture, and the two ends of the iron wire are fixed; the iron wire is used for preparing the reserved simulated pores of the sample, the iron wires with different specifications and lengths are selected according to actual needs, and the iron wire can be bent to simulate the tortuous pore form in a small amplitude; paraffin is used for wrapping the surface of the iron wire, the paraffin is uniformly coated on the surface of the iron wire, and after the sample is formed, the iron wire is heated to melt the paraffin on the surface, so that the undisturbed extraction of the iron wire is realized;
the specific process for manufacturing the pore rock sample by adopting the die comprises the following steps:
(1) positioning the holes: calculating the length and angle parameters of the required hole through formulas (1), (2) and (3), firstly determining a coordinate system and an origin of coordinates, selecting a hole coordinate of an initial point of the hole, calculating a hole coordinate of a final point of the hole, and positioning and marking the hole of the die;
(2) fixing the tinfoil paster: after the hole coordinates are determined, the tinfoil patches are attached to the lower bottom plate and the inner wall of the die body for sealing, so that pouring slurry is prevented from flowing out of the holes;
(3) arranging iron wires: selecting the specification of an iron wire according to the required pore form, uniformly coating paraffin on the surface of the iron wire, penetrating two ends of the iron wire through the tinfoil patches and extending out of the positioning holes, and positioning the iron wire by using an iron wire clamp;
(4) pouring slurry: after the sealing of the mold and the positioning of the iron wires are finished, pouring slurry, wherein the slurry is proportioned according to the strength of required rocks, and the position and the shape of the iron wires arranged in advance are kept during pouring;
(5) iron wire extraction, pore prefabrication: the reserved pores are divided into two types of permeable pores and semi-permeable pores, wherein the permeable pores are manufactured in the following steps: after the slurry is poured and plasticized, heating the iron wire to melt paraffin on the surface of the iron wire, and then extracting the iron wire to form pores; the manufacturing process of the semi-permeable pores comprises the following steps: after slurry is poured, quantitatively extracting an iron wire without plasticizing materials, when slurry is poured, completely covering the iron wire with the slurry, inserting and tamping the iron wire to be compact, releasing one end of the iron wire, quantitatively extracting the iron wire from the other end along a positioning straight line, and determining the extraction length according to requirements; the pore section of the drawn iron wire is filled with the slurry, and the slurry is continuously poured until the pouring is finished; and heating the iron wire for extracting the rest part of the iron wire after the slurry material is plasticized, and forming a pore which is a semi-permeable pore so as to finish the preparation of the pore rock sample.
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| CN107870177B (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2020-09-25 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Simulation device for influence of pores on frost resistance of cement-based material and freeze-thaw experiment operation method |
| CN111551413B (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2023-01-13 | 山东高速科技发展集团有限公司 | Rock sample crack preparation device |
| CN111551415A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-08-18 | 煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司 | Preparation device and preparation method of test piece containing pore cracks |
| CN111562166B (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-10-02 | 中南大学 | Shale physical model sample considering bedding microstructure, preparation method and preparation device |
| CN112146960B (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2021-09-10 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Method for manufacturing cement mortar test piece with built-in open crack |
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| JPH102847A (en) * | 1996-06-19 | 1998-01-06 | Nkk Corp | Duplex type high temperature tension tester |
| JPH1018867A (en) * | 1996-07-01 | 1998-01-20 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Connecting end part structure of feed back cable |
| CN1232665C (en) * | 2004-01-19 | 2005-12-21 | 东南大学 | High porosity through hole multi-porous aluminum alloy, preparation method and special apparatus thereof |
| CN202072067U (en) * | 2011-03-21 | 2011-12-14 | 佘文龙 | Full-frame column-type water-proof environmental-friendly pallet |
| CN102562104A (en) * | 2012-02-06 | 2012-07-11 | 张银堂 | Grid-shaped plastic geogrid and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN102912882B (en) * | 2012-11-06 | 2014-10-15 | 沈阳建筑大学 | Chinese character Tian-shaped anti-buckling energy dissipation support |
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| CN103900882B (en) * | 2014-04-08 | 2016-12-07 | 中国矿业大学 | Rocks test piece mould for the most double fissure rock triaxial compression tests |
| CN204102501U (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-01-14 | 深圳市启科模具塑胶有限公司 | A kind of LED display casing |
| CN204202960U (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2015-03-11 | 山东科技大学 | The through crack of standard rock sample makes mould |
| CN205120455U (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-03-30 | 中国建筑股份有限公司 | Preset mould of rock class brittle material test piece that runs through crack |
| CN205562251U (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-09-07 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Rock sample preparation mould |
| CN205665072U (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-10-26 | 成都理工大学 | A mould for making class rock brazilian disc model in coherent through cracks crack |
| CN106259051B (en) * | 2016-10-08 | 2022-05-20 | 成都诚克兄弟蜂业有限公司 | Chinese character 'tian' shaped beehive |
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