CN111175105B - Preparation method of stratified rock mass rock sample - Google Patents
Preparation method of stratified rock mass rock sample Download PDFInfo
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- CN111175105B CN111175105B CN202010061535.5A CN202010061535A CN111175105B CN 111175105 B CN111175105 B CN 111175105B CN 202010061535 A CN202010061535 A CN 202010061535A CN 111175105 B CN111175105 B CN 111175105B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a stratified rock mass rock sample, which comprises the following steps: (1) manufacturing a three-dimensional model of a mold according to the distribution characteristics of the stratified rock strata of the engineering site, wherein the mold comprises an external mold for forming the external integral structure of the sample, and cavities and internal molds are arranged in the external mold at intervals, wherein one layer of two adjacent strata is simulated by the internal mold, and the other layer is simulated by the cavities; (2) respectively taking a water-soluble material and a soluble material as raw materials of an external mold and an internal mold, and obtaining a sample mold by 3D printing according to a three-dimensional model of the mold; (3) pouring similar materials of corresponding rock stratums in the cavity part of the outer mold, dissolving the inner mold by using a solvent after the similar materials are solidified and finally set, and then pouring the similar materials of the corresponding rock stratums at the dissolved part; (4) and (5) maintaining, and then dissolving the external mold by using water to obtain the stratified rock mass rock sample. The method can accurately simulate each rock stratum structure of the stratified rock mass.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a rock mass sample, in particular to a preparation method of a stratified rock mass type rock sample, and belongs to the field of rock mass mechanics and rock engineering.
Background
The rock mass can have certain structurality under the influence of long geological action usually, and the structural feature of rock mass and the geological environment of locating have very big influence to the nature of rock mass, and wherein, the stratiform rock mass is the comparatively common rock mass that is influenced by the geological action and forms. The strata of the stratified rock body is generally horizontal when formed, and under the action of a geological structure, the strata are stressed to bend to form folds, so that the strata of the stratified rock body often contain inclination angles or become curved surfaces, and the mechanical and permeability characteristics of the stratified rock body can be influenced by the layer structure and the property difference between different strata.
The test is an effective means for researching the mechanics and permeability characteristics of the rock, and the common methods include an in-situ test and an indoor test, wherein the in-situ test has high requirements on test equipment, is greatly influenced by site conditions, wastes time and labor and has poor economic benefit. The rock-like material is used for indoor tests, so that the structural characteristics of the rock can be highlighted, and the rock-like material has important significance for the theoretical research of rock mechanics.
Due to the special structure of the stratified rock mass, no rock-like sample preparation method capable of accurately and effectively simulating the stratified rock mass structure exists at present. The Chinese patent application with application number of 201810793707.0, namely 'manufacturing method of laminated anisotropic rock mass similar material', discloses a manufacturing method of laminated anisotropic rock mass similar material, which prepares laminated rock mass by pouring along the vertical direction, is difficult to ensure the flatness of a layer structure, can only manufacture laminated rock mass samples with a plane structure, cannot simulate rock stratum with a curved surface structure, and has large limitation.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention provides a preparation method of a stratified rock mass rock sample, aiming at the problem that the stratified rock mass rock sample is difficult to accurately simulate in the current indoor test.
The technical scheme is as follows: the preparation method of the stratified rock mass rock sample comprises the following steps:
(1) manufacturing a three-dimensional model of a mould according to the distribution characteristics of the stratified rock strata of the engineering site, wherein the mould comprises an external mould for forming the external integral structure of the sample, and cavities and internal moulds are arranged in the external mould at intervals, wherein one layer of two adjacent strata is simulated by the internal mould, and the other layer is simulated by the cavities;
(2) respectively taking a water-soluble material and a soluble material as raw materials of an external mold and an internal mold, and obtaining a sample mold by 3D printing according to a three-dimensional model of the mold;
(3) pouring similar materials of corresponding rock stratums in the cavity part of the outer mold, dissolving the inner mold by using a solvent after the similar materials are solidified and finally set, and then pouring the similar materials of the corresponding rock stratums at the dissolved part;
(4) and (5) maintaining, and then dissolving the external mold by using water to obtain the stratified rock mass rock sample.
Specifically, in the step (1), the distribution characteristics of the stratiform rock stratum of the stratified rock body comprise the thickness, inclination angle, structural form and position characteristics of each rock stratum.
In the step (2), the water-soluble material may be polyvinyl alcohol (PVA for short); the soluble material may be high impact polystyrene (abbreviated as "HIPS"), and correspondingly, the solvent for dissolving the soluble material is limonene.
Preferably, in the step (3), the similar materials are cement mortar, white cement mortar, gypsum mortar and the like with mechanical properties similar to those of the simulated rock stratum.
In the step (4), the curing conditions are constant temperature and constant humidity, wherein the curing temperature is preferably 22 +/-2 ℃, and the relative humidity is preferably 90-95%. After curing is finished, when the external mold is dissolved by water, the water temperature is preferably controlled to be 60-80 ℃.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: (1) according to the invention, the simulated stratified rock mass is prepared, the adjacent cavities are arranged in the outer die, the inner die simulates the adjacent rock strata, the rock stratum distribution characteristics of an engineering site can be accurately simulated by controlling the layer structure through the soluble inner die, the error in the manufacturing process is small, and the plane stratified rock mass samples and the curved surface stratified rock mass samples with different inclination angles and different layer numbers can be prepared; (2) according to the invention, the internal mold is printed by using the soluble material, the external mold is printed by using the water-soluble material, the mechanical property of the poured material cannot be influenced after the mold is dissolved, and the influence of the traditional method for pulling out the insert and removing the mold on the sample is avoided; (3) the invention is convenient to manufacture, saves time and labor and has lower cost by manufacturing the die through 3D printing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a preparation method of a stratified rock mass rock sample of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a mold for preparing a stratified rock mass type rock sample with a curved surface in example 2.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the attached drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the preparation method of the stratified rock mass rock sample of the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) manufacturing a three-dimensional model of a mould according to the distribution characteristics of the stratified rock strata of the engineering site, wherein the mould comprises an external mould for forming the external integral structure of the sample, and cavities and internal moulds are arranged in the external mould at intervals, wherein one layer of two adjacent strata is simulated by the internal mould, and the other layer is simulated by the cavities;
the distribution characteristics of the rock strata of the stratified rock comprise the layer structure characteristics of the thickness, the inclination angle, the structure form, the position characteristic and the like of each rock stratum.
(2) Respectively taking a water-soluble material and a soluble material as raw materials of an external mold and an internal mold, and obtaining a sample mold by 3D printing according to a three-dimensional model of the mold;
the water-soluble material can be PVA material, and the external mould is formed by the water-soluble material, so that the influence of mould removal on the sample can be avoided; the soluble material can adopt HIPS plastic, and correspondingly, the solvent for dissolving the soluble material is limonene.
(3) Pouring similar materials of corresponding rock stratums in the cavity part of the outer mold, dissolving the inner mold by using a solvent after the similar materials are solidified and finally set, and then pouring the similar materials of the corresponding rock stratums at the dissolved part;
wherein, the similar materials are cement mortar, white cement mortar, gypsum mortar and the like with mechanical properties similar to those of the simulated rock stratum.
(4) And (5) maintaining, and then dissolving the external mold by using water to obtain the stratified rock mass rock sample.
The curing conditions are constant temperature and humidity, wherein the curing temperature is preferably 22 +/-2 ℃, and the relative humidity is preferably 90-95%. After the curing is finished, when the external mold is dissolved by water, the water temperature is controlled to be 60-80 ℃.
Example 1
(1) Determining that the dip angle of the rock stratum is 5 degrees according to the distribution of the laminated rock stratum of the engineering site, the thicknesses of two alternate rock strata are respectively 20mm, 15mm, 20mm, 25mm and 20mm, the size of the die is 150mm by 150mm, an external die is arranged in slicing software of a 3D printer and is printed by using a left nozzle, and an internal die is printed by using a right nozzle;
(2) filling PVA material into a left spray head of the printer, filling HIPS material into a right spray head of the printer, and printing to obtain a layered rock mass sample preparation mold;
(3) preparing cement mortar with the mixing ratio of cement to fine sand to water being 1.0:0.5:0.35, wherein the cement is PO52.5R cement, the particle size of the fine sand is 0.5mm, adding a water reducing agent accounting for 0.2% of the mass of the cement mortar to increase the workability of the cement mortar, filling the cement mortar into a cavity of an external mold, striking off the upper surface of the mold after vibrating to be dense, standing for 10h until the cement mortar is finally set, dissolving the internal mold by using limonene, preparing white cement mortar with the mixing ratio of white cement to fine sand to water being 1.0:0.5:0.4, filling the white cement mortar into the position of the original material of the mold, striking off the upper surface of the mold after vibrating to be dense, and standing for 24 h;
(4) placing the sample in an environment with the temperature of 22 +/-2 ℃ and the relative humidity of 95% for curing for 28 days, dissolving the PVA material part of the mold by using water at the temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain a block sample, cutting and polishing the block sample to obtain the rock-like standard sample of the stratified rock mass, and using the rock-like standard sample to perform subsequent tests.
Example 2
(1) Determining that the rock strata are four layers according to the distribution of the stratified rock strata of the engineering site, wherein the stratum structure is a curved surface, the size of a mould is 150mm x 150mm, an external mould is arranged in slicing software of a 3D printer, and the external mould is printed by using a left spray head, and the internal mould is printed by using a right spray head;
(2) filling PVA material into a left nozzle of the printer, filling HIPS material into a right nozzle, and printing to obtain a layered rock mass sample preparation mold as shown in figure 2;
(3) preparing cement mortar with the mixing ratio of cement to fine sand to water being 1.0:0.5:0.35, wherein the cement is PO52.5R cement, the particle size of the fine sand is 0.5mm, adding a water reducing agent accounting for 0.2% of the mass of the cement mortar to increase the workability of the cement mortar, filling the cement mortar into a cavity of an external mold 1, striking off the upper surface of the mold after vibrating and compacting, standing for 10 hours, dissolving an internal mold 2 by using limonene after the cement mortar is finally set, preparing the cement mortar with the mixing ratio of cement to fine sand to water being 1.0:0.4:0.35, filling the cement mortar into the position of an original HIPS material of the mold, striking off the upper surface of the mold after vibrating and compacting, and standing for 24 hours;
(4) placing the sample in an environment with the temperature of 22 +/-2 ℃ and the relative humidity of 95% for curing for 28 days, dissolving the PVA material part of the mold by using water at the temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain a block sample, cutting and polishing the block sample to obtain the rock-like standard sample of the stratified rock mass, and using the rock-like standard sample to perform subsequent tests.
Claims (7)
1. The preparation method of the stratified rock mass rock sample is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) manufacturing a three-dimensional model of a mold according to the distribution characteristics of the stratified rock strata of the engineering site, wherein the mold comprises an external mold for forming the external integral structure of the sample, and cavities and internal molds are arranged in the external mold at intervals, wherein one layer of two adjacent strata is simulated by the internal mold, and the other layer is simulated by the cavities;
(2) respectively taking a water-soluble material and a soluble material as raw materials of an external mold and an internal mold, and obtaining a sample mold by 3D printing according to a three-dimensional model of the mold;
(3) pouring similar materials of corresponding rock stratums in the cavity part of the outer mold, dissolving the inner mold by using a solvent after the similar materials are solidified and finally set, and then pouring the similar materials of the corresponding rock stratums at the dissolved part;
(4) and (5) maintaining, and then dissolving the external mold by using water to obtain the stratified rock mass rock sample.
2. The method for preparing the stratified rock mass rock sample according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the distribution characteristics of the stratum of the stratified rock mass comprise the thickness, the inclination angle, the structural form and the position characteristics of each stratum.
3. The method for preparing a stratified rock mass-like rock sample according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the water-soluble material is polyvinyl alcohol.
4. The method for preparing a stratified rock mass-like rock specimen as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the soluble material is high impact polystyrene, and correspondingly, the solvent for dissolving the soluble material is limonene.
5. The method for preparing the stratified rock mass rock sample according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the similar material is cement mortar, white cement mortar or gypsum mortar which has mechanical properties similar to those of the simulated rock stratum.
6. The method for preparing the stratified rock mass rock sample according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the curing conditions are constant temperature and constant humidity conditions, wherein the curing temperature is 22 +/-2 ℃, and the relative humidity is 90-95%.
7. The method for preparing the stratified rock mass rock sample according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the water temperature is controlled to be 60-80 ℃ when the external mold is dissolved.
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| CN112504801A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-03-16 | 河南理工大学 | Device and method for rapidly preparing variable-section layered rock-like material |
| CN113289558B (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2022-05-06 | 西安交通大学 | Discretization preparation method of two-dimensional material aerogel with designable three-dimensional structure |
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| CN105628470B (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2018-06-19 | 河海大学 | A kind of preparation method of the perforation crack rock sample based on 3D printing technique |
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| RU2583800C1 (en) * | 2015-02-05 | 2016-05-10 | Федеральное Государственное Бюджетное Образовательное Учреждение Высшего Профессионального Образования "Донской Государственный Технический Университет" (Дгту) | Support of underground structure |
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