CN105954079A - Cementing forming and maintenance method for rock-soil mass model material and improved mold suitable for method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a cementing forming and maintenance method for a rock-soil mass model material and an improved mold suitable for the method. The maintenance method comprises steps as follows: S1, preparation of a test tool; S2, manufacturing of the improved mold; S3, manufacturing of a rock mass model test piece by means of an unimproved original mold as well as manufacturing of a soil mass model test piece by means of the improved mold; S4, processing of the manufactured rock mass model test piece and the soil mass model test piece and preparation of rock mass model material mortar for cementing the test pieces; S5, cementing of the rock mass model test piece and the soil mass model test piece; S6, maintenance of the cemented test pieces; S7, demolding of the rock-soil mass model material. The improved mold comprises the original mold and a gypsum and mortar test cube. The test piece meeting physical mechanics tests is manufactured by the aid of the existing mold and simple material tools in a laboratory, manufacturing of a new mold is not required, and the test cost is saved; the cementing forming and maintenance method for various rock-soil mass model materials is provided and lays an important foundation for development and research of the characteristics of rock-soil mass integrated system models.

Description

A cementation forming maintenance method for rock-soil model materials and an improved mold suitable for it

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of geotechnical tests, and in particular relates to a cementation forming maintenance method for rock-soil body model materials and an improved mold suitable for the same.

Background technique

Regarding the concrete mortar test block test and the rock and soil model material mechanical test, for different test indicators or different test instruments, the requirements for the shape and size of the relevant test pieces are different. The general method is to process a set of special molds according to the requirements of the specific test on the shape and size of the test piece to make the test piece required by the test. This method has two disadvantages: ①The increase of the test cost, including the economic cost and time cost of making the mold; It will not be used again for a period of time. In addition, for the production of cemented specimens of the two model materials and their experimental research, there are few relevant patents and research results of scholars.

In actual engineering cases, the corresponding prototypes of this model exist widely, such as the "slide mass-shear zone-slide bed" structure in landslides, and the "rock mass-transition zone-soil mass" structure in foundations. Structure and "base-contact zone-foundation" structure, "lower rock layer-transition zone-upper rock layer" structure in strata, and even "hanging wall-fault zone-footwall" structure in some deep and large faults. Carry out systematic testing and research on the entire structure as a whole. Except for some in-situ testing with large engineering volume and high cost, which can meet the testing and engineering requirements, it is difficult to achieve the expected goals in indoor testing and testing. Because the actual prototype is too large in size, each component of the structure is usually taken in the laboratory and tested separately, and the properties of each component cannot directly reflect the properties of the overall system.

For this reason, in the laboratory test, the nature of the overall system can be studied by means of the model test with the help of the similarity principle. Making the above-mentioned overall structure model according to the principle of similarity is an important basis for carrying out model tests.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for bonding and forming maintenance of geotechnical model materials and an improved mold suitable for the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, so as to reduce the cost of making model specimens (including time and economic costs ), at the same time, a method for making the rock-soil mass model of "upper structure-transition zone-lower structure" is given.

The technical scheme that the present invention adopts for solving the problems of the technologies described above is:

A method for cementing and forming maintenance of rock and soil model materials, comprising the following steps:

Step S1, prepare test tools: test tools include Vaseline, push rod, liquid glue, nylon film, plastic wrap, hacksaw, spatula, among which the original mold adopts the existing test mold in the laboratory that is closest to the test requirements;

Step S2, making an improved mold: According to the needs of the test, the improved mold is produced by making the original mold together with the gypsum mortar test block;

Step S3, making rock-soil model material test piece: according to the established rock-soil model material formula composition, use the unimproved original mold to make the rock mass model test piece, and use the improved mold to make the soil model test piece;

Step S4, processing the prepared rock mass model test piece and soil model test piece, and preparing the rock mass model material mortar for cementing the rock mass model test piece and the soil mass model test piece;

Step S5, cementing rock mass model specimens and soil model specimens: put the processed rock mass model specimens into the original mold, and evenly spread the prepared rock mass model material mortar, and then place the processed soil The body model specimen is slowly pushed into the original mold that has been spread evenly before the rock mass model material mortar and the processed rock mass model test block is installed, and the excess soil model specimen is cut off with a spatula, smoothed and cemented Good cemented specimens of rock mass model materials include rock mass model specimens, rock mass model material mortar and soil mass model specimens;

Step S6, curing the cemented test piece: put the cemented test piece of the rock-soil model material cemented in step S5 upside down in the improved mold that has been treated with water isolation, and at the same time expose the cemented belt, and carry out the soil model test piece Water-proof treatment; put the rock-soil model material cemented specimen together with the improved mold, and put it in the laboratory for natural curing for 3 to 4 days, so that the cemented rock mass model specimen and the rock mass model material mortar strength of the soil model specimen Stablize;

Step S7, demoulding of the rock and soil model material: the demoulding method is to use a push rod to push the gypsum mortar test block under the rock and soil model material through the air hole of the demoulding air compressor of the improved mold, so that the rock and soil model material is removed Finally, the cured and formed rock-soil model material is obtained.

According to the above scheme, in the step S2, the manufacturing method of improving the mold includes the steps of: pouring a certain thickness of gypsum mortar test block in the original mold according to the test requirements, and adopting a compact vibration table to vibrate and remove air bubbles, 8 ~ 12h Finally, use an air compressor to demould through the air holes of the demoulding air compressor at the bottom of the original mold, then put it in a drying oven for 12 hours at 75°C, and then let it stand indoors for a whole day and night to complete the curing; at the same time, the upper part of the gypsum mortar test block The surface is subjected to water-proof treatment, and a layer of liquid glue is evenly applied on the surface of the gypsum mortar test block, and a layer of nylon film with the same size as the original mold cross-section is bonded, and placed in the original mold, so that the original mold together with the water-proof treatment The gypsum mortar test blocks together form an improved mold in the form of a piston structure.

According to the above scheme, in the step S3, in order to facilitate the demoulding of the soil model test piece, apply vaseline around the improved mold, and seal the soil model test piece with plastic wrap after making the soil model test piece.

According to the above scheme, in the step S4, the processing of the rock mass model test piece is sawing the rock mass model test piece into two halves with a hacksaw on average, and at the sawed surface, evenly draw 5mm with a hacksaw Depth and width of 20mm grid, and remove the model material debris, to obtain the processed rock model specimen; the processing of the soil model specimen is to chisel the pre-bonded surface of the soil model specimen with a spatula Hair, and remove the model material debris to obtain the processed soil model specimen.

According to the above scheme, in the step S4, the prepared rock mass model material mortar is the proportioning mortar of the corresponding rock mass model material, and the rock mass model material mortar is evenly tiled in the step S5. Then use the mortar to compact the vibrating table and vibrate evenly, spread the rock mass model material mortar evenly on the processed rock mass model specimen according to 1.36g/cm ² .

According to the scheme, in the step S5, the processed soil model test piece is released in such a way that the gypsum mortar test block under the soil model test piece is pushed through the air hole of the demoulding air compressor of the improved mold with a push rod, Therefore, the soil model test piece on the gypsum mortar test block is cemented with the rock mass model test piece on which the rock mass model material mortar has been laid.

According to the above scheme, in the step S6, the water-proof treatment method of the improved mold is to apply Vaseline evenly around the improved mold and the gap between the gypsum mortar test block and the original mold; the water-proof treatment method of the soil model specimen after cementation is as follows: , apply vaseline to the part of the soil model specimen exposed in the improved mold.

The present invention also provides an improved mould, which is suitable for the cementing and forming maintenance method of the above-mentioned rock-soil model material, comprising an original mould, and a gypsum mortar test block. in the mold.

According to the above scheme, the composition ratio of the gypsum mortar test block is gypsum: coarse sand: water=0.353:0.314:0.333, and the gypsum dosage of 0.15% mass fraction is adopted, and the gypsum retarder sodium citrate is added; the gypsum used The retarder sodium citrate is an analytically pure reagent for sodium citrate, and is added in an aqueous solution with a mass ratio of 1/21.

According to the above scheme, the upper surface of the gypsum mortar test block is evenly coated with a layer of liquid glue, and a layer of nylon film with the same size as the cross section of the original mold is bonded, and placed in the original mold.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

1. For the production of mortar test pieces, it provides a way to improve the mold, thus saving the test cost, mainly the cost of mold production, including time and economic costs;

2. For the cementation of two or more types of model materials and the production of bonding belts, a cementation forming maintenance method for various rock and soil model materials is provided, and model tests are used to study the performance of various rock and soil model material systems. The overall properties provide an important basis for creating and studying the characteristics of the overall system model of rock and soil.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the longitudinal sectional view of the improved mold formed by "gypsum mortar test block-original mold" of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structure schematic diagram that the present invention improves mold and push rod to cooperate;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of evenly paving rock mass model material mortar on the rock mass model specimen processed by the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the forming maintenance figure of the soil model test piece of the present invention in the improved mould;

Fig. 5 is the processing figure of soil model test piece of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the push-out mode diagram of processed soil model test piece 7;

Fig. 7 is the cemented forming schematic diagram of rock soil model material of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of pushing out the rock-soil mass model material of the present invention after it is cemented and formed;

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the rock and soil model material of the present invention placed upside down in the improved mold for curing;

Fig. 10 is a structural schematic diagram of the improved mold pushed out after the rock-soil model material of the present invention is cemented, formed and cured;

In the figure: 1-original mold, 2-gypsum mortar test block, 3-air compressor air hole for demoulding, 4-push rod, 5-rock mass model specimen, 6-rock mass model material mortar, 7-soil mass model Specimen.

detailed description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.

As shown in Figure 1, the improved mold described in the embodiment of the present invention includes an original mold 1 and a gypsum mortar test block 2, wherein the original mold 1 adopts the existing engineering mold in the laboratory, which is the closest to the test requirements, for internal The engineering trial mold with a size of 70.7mm cube, and the direct shear test to test the shear strength index, the production method of the improved mold is: according to the test requirements, a gypsum mortar test block 2 with a height of 37mm is poured in the original mold 1, and the dense vibration is used After 8 to 12 hours, use an air compressor to remove the mold through the air hole 3 of the demoulding air compressor at the bottom of the original mold 1, then put it in a drying oven for 12 hours at 75°C, and then let it stand indoors for a whole day and night, that is, Complete the maintenance; at the same time, carry out water-proof treatment on the upper surface of the gypsum mortar test block 2, apply a layer of liquid glue evenly on the upper surface of the gypsum mortar test block 2, and bond a layer of nylon film of the same size, and place it on the original mold 1 li and make the water-proof side upward, like this, original mold 1 forms the improved mold of piston structure form together with the gypsum mortar test block 2 of water-proof treatment.

In the improved mold, the composition ratio of the gypsum mortar test block 2 is gypsum: coarse sand: water = 0.353:0.314:0.333, and the amount of gypsum is 0.15% by mass, and the gypsum retarder sodium citrate is added. The used gypsum retarder sodium citrate is an analytically pure reagent of sodium citrate, and is added with an aqueous solution with a mass ratio of 1/21.

The rock-soil body model material bonding forming maintenance method described in the embodiment of the present invention includes the following seven steps:

Step S1, prepare test tools: test tools include vaseline, push rod 4 (empty oil pen refill), liquid glue, nylon film with cross-sectional shape of original mold 1, plastic wrap, hacksaw, spatula;

Step S2, making an improved mold: according to the requirements of the test, according to the manufacturing method of the above-mentioned improved mold, the improved mold is produced through the original mold 1 together with the gypsum mortar test block 2, and the structure of the improved mold and the push rod 4 is shown in Figure 2;

Step S3, making rock-soil model material specimens: according to the established rock-soil model material formula composition, use the unimproved original mold 1 to make rock mass model specimen 5, and use improved molds (1-2) to make soil models Test piece 7, at the same time, in order to facilitate the demoulding of the soil model test piece 7, apply vaseline around the improved mold, make the soil model test piece 7, and seal the soil model test piece 7 with plastic wrap, and the soil model test piece 7 is sealed. The body model test piece 7 is shown in Figure 4 together with the improved mold;

Step S4, process the rock mass model test piece 5 and the soil mass model test piece 7 that have been made, and prepare the rock mass model material mortar 6 (cementing material) for cementing the rock mass model test piece 5 and the soil mass model test piece 7 ); the processing of the rock mass model test piece 5 is that the rock mass model test piece 5 is averagely cut into two halves with a hacksaw, and at the sawed surface, a square with a depth of 5 mm and a width of 20 mm is evenly drawn with a hacksaw. grid, and remove the model material fragments to obtain the processed rock model specimen 5 shown in Figure 3; Chisel with a spatula, and remove the model material fragments to obtain the processed soil model specimen 7 shown in Figure 5; the prepared rock mass model material mortar 6 is the proportioning mortar of the corresponding rock mass model material, step S5 The method of evenly paving the medium rock mass model material mortar 6 is as follows: smooth it with a spatula first, then use the mortar to compact the vibrating table and vibrate evenly, and spread the rock mass model material mortar 6 evenly on the processed rock mass at a rate of 1.36g/ ^cm2 . On model specimen 5.

Step S5, cementing the two specimens—the rock mass model specimen 5 and the soil mass model specimen 7: put the processed rock mass model specimen 5 into the original mold 1, and evenly spread the prepared rock mass Model material mortar 6, as shown in Figure 3; Slowly push the processed soil model test piece 7 into the original mold that has evenly paved rock mass model material mortar 6, and processed rock mass model test piece 5 in front again In 1, the push-out method of the processed soil model test piece 7 is shown in Figure 6. Use the push rod 4 to push the gypsum mortar test block under the soil model test piece 7 through the air hole 3 of the demoulding air compressor of the improved mold. 2 (similar to the "piston" structure), so that the soil model specimen 7 on the gypsum mortar test block 2 is cemented with the rock mass model specimen 5 that has been laid with the rock mass model material mortar 6, and the excess is cut off with a spatula. The soil model test piece 7 is smoothed, and the cemented rock-soil model material cemented test piece includes the rock mass model test piece 5, the rock mass model material mortar 6 and the soil model test piece 7, as shown in Fig. 7 Show;

Step S6, curing cemented test piece: put the cemented test piece of rock-soil model material cemented in step S5 upside down in the improved mold that has undergone water-proof treatment. Apply vaseline evenly on the gap between the test block 2 and the original mold 1 to reduce the influence of the curing process on the moisture content of the soil model specimen 7; at the same time, expose the cementation zone and perform water-proof treatment on the soil model specimen 7 , the water-proof treatment method of the soil model test piece 7 after cementation is to apply vaseline to the part of the soil model test piece 7 exposed to the improved mold, so as to reduce the influence of the curing process on the moisture content of the soil model test piece 7; The push-out method of the rock-soil model material after cementation and forming is shown in Figure 8; the rock-soil model material cemented specimen (5-6-7), together with the improved mold (1-2), is placed in the laboratory for natural Curing for 3 to 4 days to stabilize the strength of the rock mass model material mortar 6 of the cemented rock and soil mass 5-7, and the structure of the rock and soil mass model material inverted in the improved mold for curing is shown in Figure 9;

Step S7, demoulding of the rock-soil model material: as shown in Figure 10, the demoulding method is to use the push rod 4 to push the gypsum mortar test block under the rock-soil model material through the air hole 3 of the demoulding air compressor of the improved mold 2. Demoulding the rock-soil model material to finally obtain the cured rock-soil model material.

Apparently, the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, rather than limiting the implementation of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, obvious changes or changes derived from the spirit of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a Rock And Soil modeling material cementing shaping maintenance process, it is characterised in that include following seven steps:

Step S1, preparing test instrument: test instrument includes vaseline, push rod, liquid glue, nylon film, preservative film, hacksaw, spatula, wherein original mould uses that laboratory is existing, die trial mould closest to test requirements document；

Step S2, make and improve mould: according to test needs, made together with gypsum mortar test block by original mould and obtain improving mould；

Step S3, making Rock And Soil modeling material test specimen: according to set Rock And Soil modeling material formula components, use the original mould not improved to make strata model test specimen, use and improve Mold Making soil model test specimen；

Step S4, the strata model test specimen made, soil model test specimen are processed, and prepare the strata model material mortar of cement rock body Model test specimen and soil model test specimen；

Step S5, cement rock body Model test specimen and soil model test specimen: the strata model test specimen processed is put in original mould, and evenly laid out ready strata model material mortar, spread in even strata model material mortar, original mould equipped with finished strata model test block before again the soil model test specimen processed being slowly pushed into, and the soil model test specimen pruning unnecessary with spatula, and floating, the cementing test specimen of Rock And Soil modeling material cemented includes strata model test specimen, strata model material mortar and soil model test specimen；

Step S6, the cementing test specimen of maintenance: the cementing test specimen of Rock And Soil modeling material that will cement in step S5, be inverted in the improvement mould that water proof processes, make cementation zone exposure simultaneously, and soil model test specimen is carried out water proof process；By cementing for Rock And Soil modeling material test specimen together with improving mould, being statically placed in natural curing 3 ~ 4 days in laboratory, the strata model material mortar strength making cement rock body Model test specimen and soil model test specimen is stable；

Step S7, the Rock And Soil modeling material demoulding: stripping means is, use push rod by improving the demoulding air compressor machine pore of mould, promote the gypsum mortar test block under Rock And Soil modeling material, make the Rock And Soil modeling material demoulding, finally give the Rock And Soil modeling material that maintenance shapes.

2. Rock And Soil modeling material cementing shaping maintenance process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step S2, improve the manufacture method of mould, including step: according to test requirements document, certain thickness gypsum mortar test block is poured in original mould, and use closely knit vibration table to carry out the solid matter bubble removing that shakes, the demoulding is carried out by the demoulding air compressor machine pore air compressor machine bottom original mould after 8 ~ 12h, place into 75 DEG C of dry 12h of drying baker, then at indoor standing diel, maintenance is i.e. completed；Simultaneously, the upper surface of gypsum mortar test block is carried out water proof process, at gypsum mortar one layer of liquid glue of test block upper surface uniform application, and bond one layer and an equal amount of nylon film of original mould cross section, it is placed in original mould, so, original mould forms the improvement mould of piston structure form together with the gypsum mortar test block that water proof processes.

3. Rock And Soil modeling material cementing shaping maintenance process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step S3, the demoulding for the ease of soil model test specimen, smear vaseline in the surrounding improving mould, with preservative film, soil model test specimen is sealed after making soil model test specimen.

4. Rock And Soil modeling material cementing shaping maintenance process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step S4, it is processed as strata model test specimen strata model test specimen hacksaw is averagely sawn into two halves, and in the surface cut, mark with hacksaw that 5mm is deep, the grid of wide 20mm equably, and it is unqualified to remove modeling material, the strata model test specimen after being processed；Soil model test specimen is processed as the surface spatula dabbing of pre-bonded at soil model test specimen, and it is unqualified to remove modeling material, the soil model test specimen after being processed.

5. Rock And Soil modeling material cementing shaping maintenance process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step S4, the proportioning mortar that strata model material mortar is corresponding strata model material prepared, the mode that in step S5, strata model material mortar is evenly laid out is, first floating with spatula, then shake even, by 1.36g/cm with the closely knit vibration table of mortar²Spread on even strata model material mortar strata model test specimen after processing.

6. Rock And Soil modeling material cementing shaping maintenance process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step S5, the release mode of the soil model test specimen processed is, with push rod by improving the demoulding air compressor machine pore of mould, promote the gypsum mortar test block under soil model test specimen, so that the soil model test specimen in gypsum mortar test block is cementing with the strata model test specimen having completed strata model material mortar.

7. Rock And Soil modeling material cementing shaping maintenance process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step S6, the water proof processing mode improving mould is, improves the gap location uniform application vaseline of mould surrounding and gypsum mortar test block and original mould；The water proof processing mode of cementing rear soil model test specimen is, in the soil model test specimen part improving mould, exposure is smeared vaseline.

8. the improvement mould of the Rock And Soil modeling material cementing shaping maintenance process that a kind is applicable to described in any one of the claims book 1 ~ 7, it is characterized in that, including original mould and gypsum mortar test block, arranging demoulding air compressor machine pore bottom original mould, gypsum mortar test block is cast in original mould.

Improve mould the most as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that the composition proportion of described gypsum mortar test block is Gypsum Fibrosum: coarse sand: water=0.353:0.314:0.333, and use the Gypsum Fibrosum consumption of 0.15% mass fraction, add calcium sulphate retarder sodium citrate；Calcium sulphate retarder sodium citrate used, for sodium citrate analytical reagent, and uses the aqueous solution of the mass ratio of 1/21 to add.

Improve mould the most as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that described gypsum mortar one layer of liquid glue of test block upper surface uniform application, and bond one layer and an equal amount of nylon film of original mould cross section, it is placed in original mould.