CN107294495A - It is a kind of to be used to study experimental provision and system of the laying dust to photovoltaic module performance impact - Google Patents

It is a kind of to be used to study experimental provision and system of the laying dust to photovoltaic module performance impact Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107294495A
CN107294495A CN201710407509.1A CN201710407509A CN107294495A CN 107294495 A CN107294495 A CN 107294495A CN 201710407509 A CN201710407509 A CN 201710407509A CN 107294495 A CN107294495 A CN 107294495A
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dust
photovoltaic module
scatters
performance impact
experimental provision
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CN107294495B (en
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韦钰
邵晨
周沪生
刘涛
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Shanghai University of Engineering Science
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Shanghai University of Engineering Science
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02SGENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S50/00Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
    • H02S50/10Testing of PV devices, e.g. of PV modules or single PV cells
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy

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Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of experimental provision, disclose a kind of for studying experimental provision of the laying dust to photovoltaic module performance impact, casing including closing, is arranged on the environment simulator of the box house, dust and scatters device, angle control device, power output detection means, camera and photovoltaic module;The environment simulator is used to simulate the environmental aspect residing for photovoltaic module;The dust scatters device for simulating the dust situation suffered by photovoltaic module;The camera is used for the working condition for monitoring all parts of box house;The power output detection means is used for the power output for detecting photovoltaic module;The angle control device is used for the angle of inclination for adjusting the base plane of photovoltaic module and casing.Also disclose a kind of for studying control system and experimental method of the laying dust to the experimental provision of photovoltaic module performance impact.The present invention can be tested in any occasion, free from the influence of the external environment, have the advantages that versatility, comparativity.

Description

It is a kind of to be used to study experimental provision and system of the laying dust to photovoltaic module performance impact
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of experimental provision, and in particular to one kind is used to study laying dust to photovoltaic module performance shadow Loud experimental provision and system.
Background technology
The energy and environmental problem have become one of Present Global focus of attention.Compared with traditional fossil energy, the sun There can be inexhaustible, nexhaustible, cleanliness without any pollution, have become one of principal mode of new energy.In photovoltaic In electricity generation system research, except assembly material and conversion efficiency, power prediction, inversion efficiency, MPPT maximum power point tracking MPPT, from simultaneously Outside the key technologies such as network control system, isolated island protection, Power quality management, for the photovoltaic system of longtime running, component product Ash and its influence are also one the problem of can not be ignored.
Deposition of the atmospheric dust on photovoltaic module, adhere to and consolidate affected by various factors, such as component inclination angle, wind Fast wind direction, dust property, ambient humidity etc..
Document《The research that dust stratification influences on photovoltaic module power generation performance》In test for Hebei Province photovoltaic plant Influence of the dust storm to system output power, the situation of change of photovoltaic arrays surface area ash quantity using dust density quantitative assessment, So as to reflect that power output is reduced caused by photovoltaic surface dust stratification;Document《Dust covers the original to photovoltaic module performance impact Position experimental study》Photovoltaic array experiment porch is built in Xi'an somewhere, to the temperature of photovoltaic module, generated output, solar radiation Intensity and ambient parameter are detected in real time, design the different dust stratification density operating mode in photovoltaic module surface, to loading condition similarly hereinafter The data of detection are analyzed in one period, obtain dust stratification density and photovoltaic module upper strata glass relative light transmission, light Lie prostrate the coupled relation of module operating temperature and generated output;Document《The experiment that dust stratification influences on polysilicon photovoltaic module efficiency Research》Carry out the experiment of 863 projects in Hami Prefecture, test dust stratification density and amorphous silicon module upper cover plate light transmittance and component are most High-power power relation;Document《Photovoltaic system is influenceed efficiently to utilize the factor Experimental Study of solar energy》In Hohhot district Research of the different installation to photovoltaic system performance impact is carried out, photovoltaic module fixed angle has been installed, double-axis tracking, hung down D-axis is tracked, and the solar radiation quantity obtained under the mounting means such as north and south axle tracking is simulated calculating and experimental study;Text Offer《Photovoltaic module laying dust characteristic and High-efficiency dust removal method research》Using city of Hangzhou distributed photovoltaic system as research object, experiment Test the output power of photovoltaic module attenuation law in the case of laying dust, it was demonstrated that the necessity of the regular dedusting of photovoltaic module, point Analyse dust removal mechanism, devised dust-cleaning principle mechanism, and carry out simulation analysis and experimental verification.Experiment number in document above Carried out according under external environment, ambient parameter is detectable but uncontrollable.
Patent of invention《Photovoltaic panel dust detection》、《The cleannes diagnostic method and device of photovoltaic battery panel》、《It is a kind of The method and detector of reflection method detection photovoltaic panel cleannes》、《A kind of photovoltaic array Autonomous test cleaning device》Propose respectively The different laying dust or clean condition detection method applied to actual photovoltaic generating system, is related to backboard temperature detection, light According to method and technologies such as intensity detection, generated energy detection, reflection method, thermal infrared imagings, but do not refer on carrying out systematicness The method of contrast experiment.
To sum up, the defect that presently, there are is:
1. although different researchers are to the dust stratification problem of photovoltaic module, especially dust stratification influence factor, dust stratification are to component Reduction of exerting oneself effect etc. has carried out substantial amounts of experimental study and analysis, but most experiments process is in same area or outdoor Carry out, lack to experimentation all affecting parameters (component parameter, sleet, frost and dew, temperature, humidity, illumination, wind direction and wind velocity, ash Dirt composition and composition, support angle etc.) record or comprehensive analysis, therefore experimentation without repeatability, it is impossible to apply In other photovoltaic systems;
2. the environment and experimental system parameter differences residing for different experiments are larger, experimental data and knot that document is recorded are caused Fruit differs larger, and comparativity is lacked each other, it is also difficult to evaluate it good and bad;
Therefore, it is badly in need of a kind of experimental provision more integrated to grind photovoltaic module performance impact problem for carrying out laying dust Study carefully.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of for studying experimental provision of the laying dust to photovoltaic module performance impact, solves existing apparatus Experimentation repeatability it is poor, each other lack comparativity, also be difficult to evaluation its it is good and bad the problems such as.
The present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
It is a kind of to be used to study experimental provision of the laying dust to photovoltaic module performance impact, include the casing of closing, be arranged on institute State the environment simulator of box house, dust scatter device, angle control device, power output detection means, camera and Photovoltaic module;
The environment simulator is used to simulate the environmental aspect residing for photovoltaic module;The dust scatters device for mould Intend the dust situation suffered by photovoltaic module;The camera is used for the working condition for monitoring all parts of box house;Institute State the power output that power output detection means is used to detect photovoltaic module;The angle control device is used to adjust photovoltaic module With the angle of inclination of the base plane of casing.
Further, the dust scatters device including being in be set on the coniform device that scatters, the dome face of the device that scatters There are multiple dust storage tanks, cone bottom is provided with magnetic valve, each dust storage tank is overall cylindrical, and dome face is adopted With door, for pouring into for dust, the tapered shape in bottom, the cone-shaped passes through the dome face for the device that scatters to be arranged on the device that scatters Inside, the bottom of the cone-shaped, which is set, also magnetic valve, and the inner tip of each dust storage tank is provided with infrared Distance measuring sensor, for measuring dust top surface and the distance at the top of dust storage tank.
Further, the environment simulator includes actuator, light source and blower fan, and the actuator is used for box house Apply refrigeration, heating, humidification and dehumidification operation, the light source is arranged on casing top, and the illumination for adjusting box house is strong Degree, the blower fan is provided with multiple, wind direction and wind speed for adjusting box house;
Also include the Temperature Humidity Sensor, irradiance sensor, wind speed and direction sensor for being arranged on box house, respectively For measuring the humiture of box house, irradiation level, wind speed and direction.
Further, the blower fan is provided with four, and the plane and the cone bottom for the device that scatters residing for four blower fans are in Same plane, the wind speed and direction sensor is arranged on blower fan lower central and close to the position of photovoltaic module.
Further, the angle control device includes the support that can rotate, the rotary shaft of the support and motor it is defeated Shaft is connected, and photovoltaic module is provided with the support.
It is a kind of based on described above for research laying dust to the control system of the experimental provision of photovoltaic module performance impact, Including host computer, the host computer and scatter controller, pitch angle control device, environmental control, power detection controller, adjustable electric Son load and camera are connected;
The controller that scatters is connected with multiple infrared distance sensors with multiple magnetic valves, and the controller that scatters passes through Internal timer measures the Lifetime of each magnetic valve;
The pitch angle control device is connected with pwm signal driver, encoder, the pwm signal driver and encoder and Motor is connected, and the encoder is used for the rotational displacement for detecting motor;
The environmental control and actuator, light source, multiple blower fans, Temperature Humidity Sensor, irradiance sensor, wind speed and Wind transducer is connected;
The power detection controller is connected with current regulating circuit, voltage modulate circuit and adjustable electronic load, described Current regulating circuit is connected with current Hall element, and the voltage modulate circuit is connected with voltage Hall element, and the electric current is suddenly That element and voltage Hall element are connected with photovoltaic module, and the photovoltaic module is connected with adjustable electronic load.
Further, including the environmental aspect for different time sections and dust situation, measure to same tested photovoltaic module Performance impact the step of and for different dust situation and identical environmental aspect, measure to same tested photovoltaic module The step of performance impact.
Further, for different time sections environmental aspect and the experimental method of dust situation includes:
Step 1: tested photovoltaic module is arranged on support;
Step 2: set on host computer the certain time period of the tested photovoltaic module their location ambient parameter and The dip angle parameter of photovoltaic module, the environmental simulation for completing to set using PC control environmental control controls pitch angle control device Photovoltaic module is set to be placed in the incident angle of setting;
Step 3: the dust of species needed for being respectively charged into each dust storage tank, scattered control by PC control Device opens the corresponding magnetic valve of each dust storage tank and carries out dust collection, after collection is finished, and the magnetic valve for opening the device that scatters enters The capable operation that scatters;
Step 4: setting the different load values of photovoltaic module by host computer, control adjustable electronic load is to photovoltaic group Part applies corresponding load, measures corresponding magnitude of voltage and current value by power output detection means, is uploaded to host computer, enters Row is drawn and shows corresponding power curve;
Step 5: repeat step two to four, the power curve of measurement correspondence other times section.
Further, the experimental method for different dust situation and identical environmental aspect includes:
Step 1: tested photovoltaic module is arranged on support;
Step 2: setting the dip angle parameter of fixed ambient parameter and photovoltaic module on host computer, host computer control is utilized Environmental control processed completes the environmental simulation set, the incident angle for controlling pitch angle control device to make photovoltaic module be placed in setting;
Step 3: the dust of species needed for being respectively charged into each dust storage tank, scattered principle according to a certain dust, Opened the corresponding magnetic valve of each dust storage tank by the PC control controller that scatters and carried out dust collection, after collection is finished, The magnetic valve for opening the device that scatters carries out the operation that scatters;
Step 4: setting the different load values of photovoltaic module by host computer, control adjustable electronic load is to photovoltaic group Part applies corresponding load, measures corresponding magnitude of voltage and current value by power output detection means, is uploaded to host computer, enters Row is drawn and shows corresponding power curve;
Step 5: cleaning photovoltaic module, repeat step two to four, other dusts of measurement correspondence scatter principle power it is bent Line.
Further, the dust principle that scatters includes the dust of single kind, and identical amount is scattered, with same ratio Scattered and scattered after different types of dust is mixed in varing proportions after different types of dust is mixed.
The present invention is beneficial to be had technical effect that:
1st, temperature, humidity, illumination, wind direction, wind speed, dust constituent and composition, support angle, photovoltaic group can be manually set The parameters such as the load of part so that research of the laying dust to photovoltaic module performance impact is no longer limited by given area, specific environment, It can be carried out in any occasion, it is free from the influence of the external environment;
2nd, experimentation has repeatability, while experimental data can be applied to the research of other photovoltaic systems, with logical With property, comparativity, accuracy of detection height, high reliability.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is general structure schematic diagram of the invention;
Fig. 2 scatters the structural representation of device for the dust of the present invention;
Fig. 3 connects block diagram for the overall control of the present invention;
Fig. 4 connects block diagram for the circuit of the power output detection means of the present invention;
Fig. 5 for the present invention dust scatter device circuit connection block diagram;
Fig. 6 connects block diagram for the circuit of the angle control device of the present invention;
Fig. 7 connects block diagram for the circuit of the environment simulator of the present invention;
Wherein, 1- casings, 2- cameras, 3- photovoltaic modulies, 4- scatters device, and 5- dust storage tanks, 6- magnetic valves, 7- is infrared Distance measuring sensor, 8- light sources, 9- blower fans, 10- Temperature Humidity Sensors, 11- irradiance sensors 11,12- wind speed and directions sensing Device, 13- supports.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiment describe in detail the present invention embodiment.
As shown in figure 1, the general structure schematic diagram of the present invention.It is used to study laying dust to photovoltaic group the invention provides one kind The experimental provision of part performance impact, includes the casing 1 of closing, is arranged on the environment simulator inside casing 1, dust and scatters dress Put, angle control device, power output detection means, camera 2 and photovoltaic module 3;Environment simulator is used to simulate photovoltaic Environmental aspect residing for component 3;Dust scatters device for simulating the dust situation suffered by photovoltaic module 3;Camera is used for The working condition of all parts inside casing 1 is monitored, angle control device is used for the bottom for adjusting photovoltaic module 3 and casing 1 The angle of inclination of plane;Power output detection means is used to apply photovoltaic module 3 output work for loading and detecting photovoltaic module 3 Rate.
As shown in Fig. 2 the dust scatters, device includes being in the coniform device 4 that scatters, and is set on the dome face for the device 4 that scatters There are multiple dust storage tanks 5, cone bottom is provided with magnetic valve 6, and each dust storage tank 5 is overall cylindrical, and dome face is adopted With door, facilitate dust pour into and tank body sealing, the tapered shape in bottom, the cone-shaped position passes through the circle for the device 4 that scatters Top surface is arranged on the inside for the device 4 that scatters, and being set in the bottom at cone-shaped position also has a magnetic valve 6, each dust storage tank 5 it is interior Portion top is additionally provided with infrared distance sensor 7, for measuring dust top surface and the distance at the top of dust storage tank 5, so may be used To feed back the memory state of dust in tank in time, once less than setting value, the dome face at the top of tank body can be opened and supplemented, lead to Scatter device 4 and the dust storage tank 5 of cone structure are crossed, the dust stream in dust storage tank 5 can be conveniently controlled using magnetic valve 6 Enter to scatter in device 4 and scattered in the device 4 that scatters.
The environment simulator includes actuator, light source 8 and blower fan 9, and actuator is used to apply refrigeration to box house, added Heat, humidification and dehumidification operation, light source 8 are arranged on the top of casing 1, and for adjusting the intensity of illumination inside casing 1, blower fan 9 is set The cone bottom for being equipped with four and the plane residing for it and the device 4 that scatters is in same plane, for the wind direction inside the body of regulating box 1 and Wind speed, make from dust scatter device outflow dust be preferably applied on photovoltaic module 3, the effect for the dust that scatters is more true to nature; Also include being arranged on Temperature Humidity Sensor 10, irradiance sensor 11, the wind speed and direction sensor 12 inside casing 1, respectively For measuring humiture inside casing 1, irradiation level, wind speed and direction, wind speed and direction sensor 12 is arranged on the lower section of blower fan 9 Center and the position of close photovoltaic group 3, so can more accurately detect the wind speed and direction that photovoltaic module 3 is subject to, mould Intend effect more vivid.
The angle control device includes the support 13 that can be rotated, and photovoltaic module 3 is provided with support 13, the support 13 Rotary shaft be connected with the output shaft of motor, desired position is arranged on so as to photovoltaic module 3 by motor driven support rotation.
Present invention also offers a kind of experiment based on described above for research laying dust to photovoltaic module performance impact The control system of device, as shown in figure 3, including host computer, the host computer and scatter controller, pitch angle control device, environmental Kuznets Curves Device, power detection controller, adjustable electronic load and camera 2 are connected.
As shown in figure 4, the power detection controller is connected with current regulating circuit and voltage modulate circuit, current regulating electricity Road is connected with current Hall element, and voltage modulate circuit is connected with voltage Hall element, current Hall element and voltage Hall member Part is connected with photovoltaic module 3, and photovoltaic module 3 is connected with adjustable electronic load, for detecting that photovoltaic module 3 is joined in varying environment Power output under number, angle of inclination, dust stratification situation and load state.Photovoltaic module 3 is applied not by adjustable electronic load Same load, the current value of output passes through current Hall element and current regulating circuit, sends into power detection controller;Output Voltage is also fed into power detection controller by voltage Hall element and voltage modulate circuit;By power detection controller by phase The test value answered is uploaded to host computer, is drawn and shows corresponding power curve.
As shown in figure 5, the controller that scatters is connected with multiple infrared distance sensors 7, multiple magnetic valves 6, the control that scatters Device measures the Lifetime of each corresponding magnetic valve 6 by internal timer;Needed for the memory storage research of dust storage tank 5 Dust, the device 4 that scatters is used for the dust that is collected into of scattering, and controls the magnetic valve 6 of each dust storage tank to open by the controller 4 that scatters The conjunction time, and then the scatter type and ratio of dust are controlled, required dust is discharged into and scattered in device, and is scattered by control The magnetic valve 6 of device 4 carries out dust and scattered, while detecting whether dust is sufficient in tank.
As shown in fig. 6, pitch angle control device is connected with pwm signal driver, encoder, pwm signal driver and encoder It is connected with motor, the encoder is used for the rotational displacement for detecting motor, the use of pitch angle control device can produce the list of pwm signal Piece machine;The inclination angle of setting is inputted by host computer, pitch angle control device produces pwm signal, and inclination angle is controlled by pwm signal driver Device processed produces pwm signal and carries out power amplification, and then motor adjustment angle, while encoder detects the rotation of current motor Angular displacement is back to pitch angle control device and carries out PID control, until inclination angle reaches setting value.
As shown in fig. 7, environmental control and actuator, light source 8, multiple blower fans 9, Temperature Humidity Sensor 10, irradiation level are passed Sensor 11, wind speed and wind transducer 12 are connected.The warm and humid angle value of setting is inputted by host computer, Temperature Humidity Sensor 10 is detected The temperature inside the box, humidity are transmitted to environmental control, are contrasted with setting value, and environmental control sends corresponding control command, are opened Or the refrigeration of actuator, heating, humidification, dehumidifying valve are closed, while the continuous temperature for detecting box house of Temperature Humidity Sensor 10 Humidity, carries out PID control, until the humiture of box house reaches setting value.
The irradiation level of setting is inputted by host computer, the detection internal irradiation degree of casing 1 of irradiance sensor 11 is transmitted to ring Border controller, is contrasted with setting value, and environmental control sends corresponding control command, the voltage exported by D/A converting circuit The brightness of value control light source is to setting value.
The wind speed and direction of setting is inputted by host computer, the adjustable blower fan 9 of rotating speed inside casing 1, wind speed and wind is opened Detect the inside wind speed and direction of casing 1 to sensor 12, it is actual for four Fans 9 blow out wind force vector and size and direction, Transmit to environmental control, contrasted with setting value, corresponding control command is sent, by the blower fan 9 for adjusting a certain or several Rotating speed, makes wind speed and direction reach setting value.
Present invention also offers a kind of experiment based on described above for research laying dust to photovoltaic module performance impact The experimental method of device, including environmental aspect and dust situation for different time sections, are measured to same tested photovoltaic module Performance impact the step of and for different dust situation and identical environmental aspect, measure to same tested photovoltaic module The step of performance impact.
The experimental method of environmental aspect and dust situation for different time sections includes:
Step 1: tested photovoltaic module 3 is arranged on support 13;
Step 2: setting the ambient parameter of the certain time period of the their location of tested photovoltaic module 3 on host computer And the dip angle parameter of photovoltaic module 3, the environmental simulation for completing to set using PC control environmental control, control pitch angle control Device makes photovoltaic module 3 be placed in the incident angle of setting;
Step 3: the dust of species needed for being respectively charged into each dust storage tank 5, scattered control by PC control Device opens the corresponding magnetic valve 6 of each dust storage tank 5 and carries out dust collection, after collection is finished, and opens the magnetic valve for the device 4 that scatters 6 carry out the operation that scatters;
Step 4: setting the different load values of photovoltaic module 3 by host computer, control adjustable electronic load is to photovoltaic group Part 3 applies corresponding load, measures corresponding magnitude of voltage and current value by power output detection means, is uploaded to host computer, Drawn and show corresponding power curve;
Step 5: repeat step two to four, the power curve of measurement correspondence other times section.
Embodiment 1:
Certain photovoltaic generating system location external environment condition in May is as follows, 35 DEG C of outdoor temperature, humidity 40%RH, per day Irradiation level 800Wm2, northwester, wind speed 5m/s, main dust source is soil, sand and dust, rock, and mixed proportion is about 1:1: 1;Photovoltaic panel model " 45 ° of black lattice MG-M100 ", panel and ground angle.Using the experimental provision of the present invention, more than simulation The step of condition carries out output power measurement is as follows:
(1) " black lattice MG-M100 " photovoltaic modulies are on support for installation;
(2) photovoltaic module and ground elevation parameter are inputted by host computer:45 °, pass through angle control device adjustable inclination To 45 °;
(3) be followed successively by by host computer input temp, humidity, irradiation level, wind direction, wind speed parameter " 35 DEG C, 40%RH, 800W·m2, northwester, 5m/s ", using environment simulator, by the ambient parameter inside the containment housing of the present invention adjust to Values above;
(4) dust is scattered and is stored in a soil i.e. solenoid valve control, sand respectively in three dust storage tanks in device Dirt is i.e. No. three solenoid valve controls of No. two solenoid valve controls, rocks, is scattered controller by PC control, and No. one is opened successively Magnetic valve, No. two magnetic valves, No. three magnetic valves, a length of T when each magnetic valve is opened, when a valve is opened, other two passes Close, treat that soil, sand and dust, the class dust of rock three are collected and finish, the magnetic valve for opening the device that scatters is scattered;
(5) the different load values of photovoltaic module 3 are set by host computer, and control adjustable electronic load is to photovoltaic module 3 Apply corresponding load, corresponding magnitude of voltage and current value are measured by power output detection means, host computer is uploaded to, carried out Draw and show corresponding power curve, so as to draw generating efficiency;
(6) after being tested more than completing, if also needing to carry out the generating efficiency measurement in other months, by the number in (3), (4) According to the data for making corresponding month into, the measurement of (5) is repeated, so that the data of whole year are readily available in the lab, for Scientific research is used.
Experimental method for different dust situation and identical environmental aspect includes:
Step 1: tested photovoltaic module 3 is arranged on support 13;
Step 2: setting the dip angle parameter of fixed ambient parameter and photovoltaic module 3 on host computer, host computer control is utilized Environmental control processed completes the environmental simulation set, the incident angle for controlling pitch angle control device to make photovoltaic module 3 be placed in setting;
Step 3: the dust of species needed for being respectively charged into each dust storage tank 5, scattered original according to a certain dust Then, opened the corresponding magnetic valve 6 of each dust storage tank 5 by the PC control controller that scatters and carried out dust collection, collected Bi Hou, the magnetic valve 6 for opening the device 4 that scatters carries out the operation that scatters;
Step 4: setting the different load values of photovoltaic module 3 by host computer, control adjustable electronic load is to photovoltaic group Part 3 applies corresponding load, measures corresponding magnitude of voltage and current value by power output detection means, is uploaded to host computer, Drawn and show corresponding power curve;
Step 5: cleaning photovoltaic module 3, repeat step two to four, other dusts of measurement correspondence scatter principle power it is bent Line.
Wherein, the dust principle that scatters includes the dust of single kind, identical amount scattered, with same ratio by difference Scattered and scattered after different types of dust is mixed in varing proportions after the dust mixing of species.
Embodiment 2:
Influence research for dust property to generating efficiency, the experiment that can be followed the steps below:
1) it is fixed value to set the model of photovoltaic module 3 and mounted angle, at the same the temperature inside containment housing 1 is set, it is wet Degree, irradiation level, wind direction, wind speed parameter are fixed value;
2) dust is scattered and is stored in a soil i.e. solenoid valve control, sand respectively in three dust storage tanks 5 in device Dirt is No. two solenoid valve controls, rock and No. three solenoid valve controls;
3) influence of the research equal amount, different types of dust to generating efficiency, is carried out by three below step:
(a) open a magnetic valve and continue after T time, the different load values of photovoltaic module 3 are set by host computer, Control adjustable electronic load applies corresponding load to photovoltaic module 3, and corresponding voltage is measured by power output detection means Value and current value, are uploaded to host computer, are drawn and show corresponding U-I characteristics, P-V characteristic curves, study generating efficiency;
(b) photovoltaic panel is cleaned, No. two magnetic valves is opened and continues after T time, photovoltaic module 3 is set by host computer Different load values, control adjustable electronic load applies corresponding load to photovoltaic module 3, is surveyed by power output detection means Corresponding magnitude of voltage and current value are measured, host computer is uploaded to, is drawn and shows corresponding U-I characteristics, P-V characteristic curves, Study generating efficiency;
(c) photovoltaic panel is cleaned, No. three magnetic valves is opened and continues after T time, photovoltaic module 3 is set by host computer Different load values, control adjustable electronic load applies corresponding load to photovoltaic module 3, is surveyed by power output detection means Corresponding magnitude of voltage and current value are measured, host computer is uploaded to, is drawn and shows corresponding U-I characteristics, P-V characteristic curves, Study generating efficiency;
4) influence of the research same ratio, different types of dust to generating efficiency, is carried out by following two steps:
1. photovoltaic panel, is cleaned, magnetic valve, No. two magnetic valves are successively opened, it is T to open duration, by upper Machine sets the different load values of photovoltaic module 3, and control adjustable electronic load applies corresponding load to photovoltaic module 3, passed through Power output detection means measures corresponding magnitude of voltage and current value, is uploaded to host computer, is drawn and show corresponding U-I Characteristic, P-V characteristic curves, study generating efficiency;
2. photovoltaic panel, is cleaned, magnetic valve, No. two magnetic valves, No. three magnetic valves are successively opened, opening duration is T, the different load values of photovoltaic module 3 are set by host computer, and control adjustable electronic load applies corresponding to photovoltaic module 3 Load, measures corresponding magnitude of voltage and current value by power output detection means, is uploaded to host computer, is drawn and shown Corresponding U-I characteristics, P-V characteristic curves, study generating efficiency;
5) influence of the research different proportion, different types of dust to generating efficiency:
Photovoltaic panel is cleaned, a magnetic valve is first opened and continues T time, then is opened No. two magnetic valves lasting 2T times, is led to The different load values that host computer sets photovoltaic module 3 are crossed, control adjustable electronic load applies corresponding negative to photovoltaic module 3 Carry, corresponding magnitude of voltage and current value are measured by power output detection means, host computer is uploaded to, is drawn and show phase The U-I characteristics answered, P-V characteristic curves, study generating efficiency.
The present invention experimental provision can be manually set temperature, humidity, illumination, wind direction, wind speed, dust constituent and composition, The parameters such as support angle, the load of photovoltaic module so that laying dust to the research of photovoltaic module performance impact no longer by given area, The limitation of specific environment, can be carried out in any occasion, free from the influence of the external environment;Meanwhile, experimentation has repeatable Property, while experimental data can be applied to the research of other photovoltaic systems, with versatility, comparativity, accuracy of detection height, reliability High the advantages of.
Although the foregoing describing the embodiment of the present invention, it will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that these It is merely illustrative of, on the premise of the principle and essence without departing substantially from the present invention, a variety of changes can be made to these embodiments More or modification, therefore, protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of be used to study experimental provision of the laying dust to photovoltaic module performance impact, it is characterised in that:Casing including closing, Be arranged on the environment simulator of the box house, dust scatter device, angle control device, power output detection means, Camera and photovoltaic module;
The environment simulator is used to simulate the environmental aspect residing for photovoltaic module;The dust scatters device for simulated light Lie prostrate the dust situation suffered by component;The camera is used for the working condition for monitoring all parts of box house;It is described defeated Go out the power output that power detection device is used to detect photovoltaic module;The angle control device is used to adjust photovoltaic module and case The angle of inclination of the base plane of body.
2. according to claim 1 be used to study experimental provision of the laying dust to photovoltaic module performance impact, it is characterised in that: The dust scatters device including being in that multiple dusts storages are provided with the coniform device that scatters, the dome face of the device that scatters Tank, cone bottom is provided with magnetic valve, and each dust storage tank is overall cylindrical, and dome face uses door, is used for Dust is poured into, bottom tapered shape, and the cone-shaped passes through the dome face for the device that scatters to be arranged on the inside for the device that scatters, the cone The bottom of shape, which is set, also magnetic valve, and the inner tip of each dust storage tank is provided with infrared distance sensor, uses In measurement dust top surface and the distance at the top of dust storage tank.
3. according to claim 2 be used to study experimental provision of the laying dust to photovoltaic module performance impact, it is characterised in that: The environment simulator include actuator, light source and blower fan, the actuator be used for box house apply refrigeration, heating, Humidification and dehumidification operation, the light source are arranged on casing top, the intensity of illumination for adjusting box house, and the blower fan is set Have multiple, wind direction and wind speed for adjusting box house;
Also include the Temperature Humidity Sensor, irradiance sensor, wind speed and direction sensor for being arranged on box house, be respectively used to The humiture of measurement box house, irradiation level, wind speed and direction.
4. according to claim 3 be used to study experimental provision of the laying dust to photovoltaic module performance impact, it is characterised in that: The blower fan is provided with four, and the cone bottom of the plane residing for four blower fans and the device that scatters is in same plane, the wind Speed and wind transducer are arranged on blower fan lower central and close to the position of photovoltaic module.
5. according to claim 1 be used to study experimental provision of the laying dust to photovoltaic module performance impact, it is characterised in that: The angle control device includes the support that can be rotated, and the rotary shaft of the support is connected with the output shaft of motor, the branch Photovoltaic module is provided with frame.
6. a kind of study laying dust to the experimental provision of photovoltaic module performance impact based on being used for described in one of claim 1-5 Control system, it is characterised in that:Including host computer, the host computer and scatter controller, pitch angle control device, environmental control, Power detection controller, adjustable electronic load and camera are connected;
The controller that scatters is connected with multiple infrared distance sensors with multiple magnetic valves, and the controller that scatters passes through inside Timer measures the Lifetime of each magnetic valve;
The pitch angle control device is connected with pwm signal driver, encoder, the pwm signal driver and encoder and motor It is connected, the encoder is used for the rotational displacement for detecting motor;
The environmental control and actuator, light source, multiple blower fans, Temperature Humidity Sensor, irradiance sensor, wind speed and wind direction Sensor is connected;
The power detection controller is connected with current regulating circuit, voltage modulate circuit and adjustable electronic load, the electric current Modulate circuit is connected with current Hall element, and the voltage modulate circuit is connected with voltage Hall element, the current Hall member Part and voltage Hall element are connected with photovoltaic module, and the photovoltaic module is connected with adjustable electronic load.
7. a kind of study laying dust to the experimental provision of photovoltaic module performance impact based on being used for described in one of claim 1-5 Experimental method, it is characterised in that including the environmental aspect for different time sections and dust situation, is measured to same tested photovoltaic The step of performance impact of component and for different dust situation and identical environmental aspect, measure to same tested photovoltaic group The step of performance impact of part.
8. according to claim 7 be used to study experimental method of the laying dust to the experimental provision of photovoltaic module performance impact, It is characterized in that the experimental method of the environmental aspect and dust situation for different time sections includes:
Step 1: tested photovoltaic module is arranged on support;
Step 2: setting the ambient parameter and photovoltaic of the certain time period of the tested photovoltaic module their location on host computer The dip angle parameter of component, the environmental simulation for completing to set using PC control environmental control, control pitch angle control device makes light Volt component is placed in the incident angle of setting;
Step 3: the dust of species needed for being respectively charged into each dust storage tank, beaten by the PC control controller that scatters Drive the corresponding magnetic valve of each dust storage tank and carry out dust collection, after collection is finished, the magnetic valve for opening the device that scatters is raised Dissipate operation;
Step 4: setting the different load values of photovoltaic module by host computer, control adjustable electronic load is applied to photovoltaic module Plus corresponding load, corresponding magnitude of voltage and current value are measured by power output detection means, host computer is uploaded to, is painted Make and show corresponding power curve;
Step 5: repeat step two to four, the power curve of measurement correspondence other times section.
9. according to claim 7 be used to study experimental method of the laying dust to the experimental provision of photovoltaic module performance impact, It is characterized in that the experimental method for different dust situation and identical environmental aspect includes:
Step 1: tested photovoltaic module is arranged on support;
Step 2: setting the dip angle parameter of fixed ambient parameter and photovoltaic module on host computer, PC control ring is utilized Border controller completes the environmental simulation set, the incident angle for controlling pitch angle control device to make photovoltaic module be placed in setting;
Step 3: the dust of species needed for being respectively charged into each dust storage tank, scattered principle according to a certain dust, by upper The machine control controller that scatters in position opens the corresponding magnetic valve of each dust storage tank and carries out dust collection, after collection is finished, opens The magnetic valve of device of scattering scatter operation;
Step 4: setting the different load values of photovoltaic module by host computer, control adjustable electronic load is applied to photovoltaic module Plus corresponding load, corresponding magnitude of voltage and current value are measured by power output detection means, host computer is uploaded to, is painted Make and show corresponding power curve;
Step 5: cleaning photovoltaic module, repeat step two to four, other dusts of measurement correspondence scatter the power curve of principle.
10. according to claim 9 be used to study experimental method of the laying dust to the experimental provision of photovoltaic module performance impact, It is characterized in that:The dust principle that scatters includes the dust of single kind, and identical amount scattered, will not with same ratio Scattered and scattered after different types of dust is mixed in varing proportions after congener dust mixing.
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CN108540094B (en) * 2018-05-15 2019-11-01 江苏悦阳光伏科技有限公司 A kind of solar cell panel assembly tester
CN108540094A (en) * 2018-05-15 2018-09-14 李的根 A kind of solar cell panel assembly tester
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CN110346252A (en) * 2019-07-18 2019-10-18 华北电力大学(保定) A kind of visualization solar energy photovoltaic panel dust stratification experimental provision
CN110542745A (en) * 2019-09-03 2019-12-06 天津工业大学 Self-assembly ash falling experimental device
CN111565025A (en) * 2020-05-15 2020-08-21 东北电力大学 System and method for measuring thickness of accumulated dust of photovoltaic cell panel based on capacitance method
CN111478664A (en) * 2020-05-29 2020-07-31 浙江晶科能源有限公司 Photovoltaic module test system
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CN112769399A (en) * 2021-02-21 2021-05-07 司徒玮 Photovoltaic module electrical property testing arrangement
CN112769399B (en) * 2021-02-21 2022-04-12 江苏汇锦新能源科技有限公司 Photovoltaic module electrical property testing arrangement
CN113092321A (en) * 2021-03-31 2021-07-09 东北电力大学 Photovoltaic panel dust concentration detection system and method based on power attenuation
CN114866030A (en) * 2022-05-16 2022-08-05 江苏悦阳光伏科技有限公司 Positive and negative detection device behind manual group frame of photovoltaic module frame
CN114866030B (en) * 2022-05-16 2023-11-24 江苏悦阳光伏科技有限公司 Front and back detection device behind manual group frame of photovoltaic module frame
CN117639666A (en) * 2023-12-14 2024-03-01 苏州潞能能源科技有限公司 Tester for measuring photoelectric conversion efficiency of photovoltaic module and testing method thereof
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