CN107290002A - Mars sandstorm analogue experiment installation and experimental method - Google Patents
Mars sandstorm analogue experiment installation and experimental method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107290002A CN107290002A CN201710487425.3A CN201710487425A CN107290002A CN 107290002 A CN107290002 A CN 107290002A CN 201710487425 A CN201710487425 A CN 201710487425A CN 107290002 A CN107290002 A CN 107290002A
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- sandstorm
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- closed container
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Mars sandstorm analogue experiment installation and experimental method, the experimental provision includes closed container and photoelectric measuring device, it is provided with the closed container outside tumbler, closed container and is provided with actuator, the drive link of the actuator is connected through closed container with tumbler；The photoelectric measuring device includes fibre-optical probe and the photomultiplier being connected with fibre-optical probe, and fibre-optical probe is installed in the quartz window sheet of closed container, and photomultiplier is located at outside closed container.The present invention can realize martian atmosphere atmosphere and air pressure control, can simulate areographic sandstorm, and carry out discharge time, discharge electric field intensity and the progress on-line measurement of plasma light spectrum signature to the dust storm of simulation.The present invention provides possibility for the physics and chemical characteristic that true simulation, detection at utmost meet Mars actual conditions, is conducive to realizing the in-situ investigation analysis of spectrum under the conditions of simulation sandstorm, has important scientific meaning to mars exploration.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Mars simulating experiment technique field, specifically, it is related to a kind of production under the conditions of the Mars of simulation
The experimental provision and experimental method of raw sandstorm, for simulating areographic sandstorm.
Background technology
Mars and earth environment difference are huge, and studying areographic dust storm phenomenon needs the (master under simulation Mars environment
If atmosphere, air pressure, mineralogical composition) build experimental provision.Current China's simulation sandstorm device, is simulated under earth environment
Dust storm phenomenon, do not simulate the report of sandstorm device under the conditions of Mars, do not measure dust storm discharge time, Induced Electric Field yet
With the report for exciting martian atmosphere to produce free radical.
Martian atmosphere (contains 95.5% CO2, 2.7% N2, 1.6% Ar and other minimum gas) using CO2 as
Main, surface average pressure is only 700Pa, and year-round average temperature is -60 DEG C.Although Mars air pressure is very low, martian surface is present
Global, the regional sandstorm (dust storm) more active than the earth and frequently local dust devil (dust devil).
Mineral grain is mutually collided in sandstorm and dust devil, is induced static discharge phenomenon and is excited martian atmosphere.Putting in dust storm
Electrical phenomena not only influences this Mars electric field near the ground and magnetic field, and produces a large amount of oxygen radicals induction martian atmospheres and Mars
The evolution of surface-element.The electric discharge phenomena that other martian dust storm induces, are also produced safely to mankind's mars exploration, load/spacefarer
Raw material impact.Therefore need badly and design a kind of device and method that martian surface sandstorm is realized under the conditions of the Mars of simulation,
For studying its physical features, discharging law, Induced Electric Field and the free radical situation for exciting air to produce, have to mars exploration
Important scientific meaning.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome drawbacks described above that prior art is present and it is not enough there is provided one kind in simulation Mars
Under the conditions of sandstorm analogue experiment installation and experimental method, for simulating areographic sandstorm, and to the dust storm of simulation
Carry out the measurement of discharge time, electric-field intensity and plasma light spectrum signature.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides a kind of Mars sandstorm analogue experiment installation, including：
It is provided with outside tumbler, closed container and is provided with closed container for holding mineral grain, the closed container
Actuator, the drive link of the actuator is connected through closed container with tumbler；
Photoelectric measuring device, the photoelectric measuring device includes fibre-optical probe and the photomultiplier transit being connected with fibre-optical probe
Pipe, fibre-optical probe is installed in the quartz window sheet of closed container, and photomultiplier is located at outside closed container.
Further, in addition to electrostatic measuring device, including the electrometer being arranged in closed container and it is arranged at closed
The electrometer controller of external container, electrometer controller is electrically connected with electrometer.
It is preferred that, electrometer controller is electrically connected by the vacuum flange on closed container outer wall with electrometer, institute
State between electrometer and vacuum flange, connected between vacuum flange and electrometer controller by electrometer data wire.
Further, in addition to high-resolution spectrometer that wave-length coverage is 200-1100nm, high-resolution spectrometer position
It is connected, is produced when being discharged for measuring in sandstorm with the closed container outside the closed container, and by optical fiber
Plasma light spectrum signature.
It is preferred that, photomultiplier is connected by optical fiber with fibre-optical probe.
It is preferred that, the tumbler is rotating vane, and the actuator is motor.
Further, the motor is installed on the top of closed container, and the top of closed container is provided with a through hole, the electricity
Machine drive link is connected through through hole with rotating vane.
Further, it is provided with seal between the motor drive link and the through hole.
It is preferred that, the seal is O-ring seal or sealing gasket.
In order to achieve the above object, present invention also offers a kind of Mars sandstorm analogue experiment method, using above-mentioned sand
Dust storm analogue experiment installation, its specific experiment step is as follows：
According to martian surface soil constituent feature selecting sandstorm Minerals particulate samples, mineral are loaded into closed container
Particulate samples；
Closed container is adjusted to Mars atmosphere and Mars low air pressure condition；
Start actuator, tumbler Stirring mineral grain sample is driven by actuator, form sandstorm, pass through photoelectricity
Discharge time in measurement apparatus measurement sandstorm, measures the electric-field intensity in sandstorm, and pass through by electrostatic measuring device
The plasma light spectrum signature of generation when being discharged in spectrometer measurement sandstorm；
After the completion of discharge time, electric-field intensity and plasma spectrometry feature detection, actuator is closed.
It is preferred that, the Mars atmosphere contains 95.5% CO to be areographic2Atmosphere, the Mars air pressure is
700Pa low pressure.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are：
(1) the Mars sandstorm analogue experiment installation that the present invention is provided is simple in construction, easy to operate, can truly simulate fire
The sandstorm in star catalogue face, provided with photoelectric measuring device, is measured to the discharge time in sandstorm, can be used for studying Mars
The discharging law of surface sandstorm, is true simulation, detects sandstorm physics and the change at utmost meeting Mars actual conditions
Learn characteristic and environmental simulation condition is provided, beneficial to further mars exploration, load and the safety of spacefarer are carried when being mars exploration
For ensureing.
(2) the Mars sandstorm analogue experiment installation that the present invention is provided is additionally provided with electrostatic measuring device and high-resolution spectra
Instrument, to the electric-field intensity in sandstorm and plasma light spectrum signature (i.e.：Martian atmosphere is by the spectral emissions for exciting rear output
Spectral line) measure, the sandstorm physics and chemistry of Mars actual conditions are further at utmost met for true simulation, detection
Characteristic provides environmental simulation condition, is conducive to realizing the in-situ investigation analysis of spectrum under the conditions of simulation sandstorm, to more entering
The mars exploration of one step has important scientific meaning.
(3) the Mars sandstorm analogue experiment installation plasma spectral signature that provides of the present invention is measured, can be with
Free radical type in sandstorm is identified according to plasma light spectrum signature, so that obtaining free radical induces martian atmosphere and surface
The Evolution of element, Research foundation is provided for further mars exploration.
(4) the Mars sandstorm analogue experiment method that the present invention is provided, step is simple, can truly simulate, at utmost
Meet the sandstorm of Mars actual conditions, and on-line measurement carried out to discharge time, discharge electric field and plasma light spectrum signature,
Research foundation is provided for further mars exploration.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is the structure chart of Mars sandstorm analogue experiment installation in one embodiment of the invention.
Accompanying drawing 2 is the flow chart of one embodiment of the invention Mars sandstorm analogue experiment method.
In figure, 1, closed container, 11, rotating vane, 12, quartz window sheet, 13, through hole, 21, fibre-optical probe, 22, photoelectricity times
Increase pipe, 23, optical fiber, 3, motor, 31, motor drive link, 41, electrometer, 42, electrometer controller, 43, vacuum flange, 44, quiet
Electricity counts line, and 5, high-resolution spectrometer, 51, optical fiber.
Embodiment
Below, the present invention is specifically described by exemplary embodiment.It should be appreciated, however, that not entering one
In the case of step narration, element, structure and features in an embodiment can also be advantageously incorporated into other embodiment
In.
In the description of the invention, it is necessary to which explanation, the orientation of the instruction such as term " interior ", " outer ", " top " or position are closed
It is to be described based on position relationship shown in the drawings, to be for only for ease of the description present invention and simplifying, rather than indicates or imply
Signified device or element must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore it is not intended that to this
The limitation of invention.
Referring to Fig. 1, there is provided a kind of Mars sandstorm analogue experiment installation, including closed container 1 for one embodiment of the invention
And photoelectric measuring device, the closed container is interior to be provided with outside tumbler, closed container provided with actuator, the biography of the actuator
Lever is connected through closed container with tumbler；The photoelectric measuring device includes fibre-optical probe 21 and connected with fibre-optical probe 21
The photomultiplier 22 connect, fibre-optical probe 21 is installed in the quartz window sheet 12 of closed container 1, and photomultiplier 22 is located at closed
Outside container 1.
In order to realize the optical signal transmission between fibre-optical probe and photomultiplier, with continued reference to Fig. 1, photomultiplier 22
It is connected by optical fiber 23 with fibre-optical probe 21.When carrying out sandstorm simulated experiment, mineral grain phase in sandstorm and dust devil
Mutually collision, induces static discharge phenomenon, the electric discharge flash of light in fibre-optical probe measurement sandstorm, and be transmitted through the fiber to photoelectricity times
Increase pipe, the counting of discharge time is realized by photomultiplier.
Referring to Fig. 1, as the decision design of above-mentioned experimental provision, the tumbler is rotating vane 11, the actuator
For motor 3.Due to sealing container to be fully sealed, motor drive link needs to be connected with rotating vane through sealing container,
In order to realize effective connection between motor drive link and rotating vane, with continued reference to Fig. 1, above-mentioned experimental provision is further set
Meter, the motor 3 is installed on the top of closed container 1, and the top of closed container 1 is provided with a through hole 13, the motor drive link
31 are connected through through hole 13 with rotating vane 11.
When carrying out sandstorm simulation, for more real simulation sandstorm, closed container needs to keep sealing state, by
There is certain space between through hole and motor drive link at the top of closed container, in order to ensure that motor drive link holds with closed
Sealing between device, decision design is carried out to above-mentioned experimental provision, is set between the motor drive link 31 and the through hole 13
There is seal, the sealing between motor drive link 31 and through hole 13 is realized by seal, herein, the seal can be close
Sealing rubber ring, or sealing gasket.
When carrying out sandstorm simulation, the mineral grain for meeting Mars surface condition, closed appearance are first loaded into closed container
Device is adjusted to areographic containing 95.5% CO2The low air pressure condition of atmosphere and 700Pa, starts motor, and motor drives rotation
Rotating vane piece is rotated to form sandstorm, the electric field in electrometer measurement sandstorm, and the electric field data of measurement is transferred into electrometer
Controller, realizes the measurement to electric field in simulation sandstorm；Meanwhile, fibre-optical probe is from the electric discharge in quartz window sheet measurement sandstorm
Flash of light, and photomultiplier is transmitted through the fiber to, the counting to discharge time in simulation sandstorm is realized, according to electric discharge
Number of times can know discharging law, and Research foundation is provided to mars exploration.
With continued reference to Fig. 1, above-mentioned analogue experiment installation is further designed, the analogue experiment installation also includes electrostatic measurement
Device, the electrostatic measuring device includes the electrometer 41 being arranged in closed container 1 and is arranged at quiet outside closed container 1
Electricity meter controller 42, electrometer controller 42 is electrically connected with electrometer 41.When carrying out sandstorm simulated experiment, mineral grain exists
Mutually collided in sandstorm and dust devil, induce static discharge phenomenon, electric discharge phenomena influence electric field now, is measured by electrostatic
The electric-field intensity in sandstorm is measured, and the electric-field intensity data of measurement are transferred to electrometer controller, is realized to simulation sand and dust
The measurement of electric-field intensity, the change of electric field can be known according to electric-field intensity, so that further to provide mars exploration in sudden and violent
Research foundation.
With continued reference to Fig. 1, it is necessary to transmit it to electrometer control after the electric-field intensity in electrometer measurement sandstorm
Device, for the ease of the signal transmission between electrometer and electrometer controller, decision design is carried out to above-mentioned analogue experiment installation,
Electrometer controller 42 is electrically connected by the first vacuum flange 43 on the outer wall of closed container 1 with electrometer 41, it is ensured that
The measurement to electric field in simulation sandstorm is realized in the case of vacuum tightness.Between the electrometer 41 and vacuum flange 43, very
Connected between empty flange 43 and electrometer controller 42 by electrometer data wire 44.
With continued reference to Fig. 1, above-mentioned analogue experiment installation is further designed, the analogue experiment installation also includes wave-length coverage
For 200-1100nm high-resolution spectrometer 5, the high-resolution spectrometer 5 is located at outside the closed container 1, and passes through optical fiber
51 are connected with the closed container 1.Due to the electric discharge phenomena in dust storm can produce a large amount of oxygen radicals induce martian atmospheres and
The change of surface-element.The free radical of generation of being discharged when carrying out sandstorm simulated experiment, in closed container in sandstorm is excited
The spectral emission lines of output are transmitted through the fiber to spectrometer after hair, realize to simulation sandstorm plasma spectral signature
Measurement, free radical type in sandstorm is identified according to plasma light spectrum signature, thus obtain free radical induce Mars it is big
The Evolution of gas and surface-element, Research foundation is provided for further mars exploration.Due to plasma spectral signature
Measurement need with the high spectrometer of sensitivity, therefore the wave-length coverage of the application selection spectrometer is 200-1100nm,
Carry out sandstorm experiment when, can in above-mentioned wave-length coverage any chosen spectrum instrument.That is, wave-length coverage is in 200-
Any a spectrometers of 1100nm can complete the measurement of sandstorm plasma spectral signature.
The above-mentioned sandstorm analogue experiment installation of the present invention, when carrying out sandstorm simulated experiment, it is necessary to which closed container is adjusted
The whole hypobaric for arriving Mars atmosphere and Mars, is adjusted to areographic containing 95.5% CO2Atmosphere and 700Pa's is low
Air pressure conditions.
Referring to Fig. 2, the embodiment of the present invention further discloses a kind of sandstorm analogue experiment method, using institute in above-described embodiment
Sandstorm analogue experiment installation is stated, its specific experiment step is as follows：
Step one：According to martian surface soil constituent feature selecting sandstorm Minerals particulate samples；Into closed container
Load mineral grain sample；
Step 2：Closed container is debugged to Mars atmosphere and Mars air pressure conditions, i.e., areographic to contain 95.5%
CO2The low air pressure condition of atmosphere and 700Pa；
Step 3：Start actuator, tumbler Stirring mineral grain sample driven by actuator, form sandstorm,
Discharge time in sandstorm is measured by photoelectric measuring device, the electric-field strength in sandstorm is measured by electrostatic measuring device
Degree, and the plasma light spectrum signature of generation during by being discharged in spectrometer measurement sandstorm；
Step 4：After the completion of discharge time, electric-field intensity and plasma spectrometry feature detection, actuator is closed.
In above-mentioned experimental method of the invention, when simulating vacuum simulation Mars environment by Mars environment, Mars environment
Analog parameter includes atmosphere, air pressure and humiture.
The above-mentioned experimental method of the present invention, can simulate the sandstorm under Mars environment, and in sandstorm due to mineral
The grain static discharge phenomenon that mutually collision induces in sandstorm and dust devil is detected, by measuring discharge time, electric discharge
Electric field and plasma light spectrum signature, true simulation, the sandstorm at utmost meeting Mars actual conditions, are further fire
Talent scout, which surveys, provides Research foundation.
Above-described embodiment is used for explaining the present invention, rather than limits the invention, in the spirit and right of the present invention
It is required that protection domain in, to any modifications and changes for making of the present invention, both fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Mars sandstorm analogue experiment installation, it is characterised in that including：
It is provided with closed container, the closed container outside tumbler, closed container and is provided with actuator, the transmission of the actuator
Bar is connected through closed container with tumbler；
Photoelectric measuring device, the photoelectric measuring device includes fibre-optical probe and the photomultiplier being connected with fibre-optical probe,
Fibre-optical probe is installed in the quartz window sheet of closed container, and photomultiplier is located at outside closed container.
2. Mars sandstorm analogue experiment installation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also filled including electrostatic measurement
Put, including the electrometer being arranged in closed container and the electrometer controller being arranged at outside closed container, electrometer control
Device is electrically connected with electrometer.
3. Mars sandstorm analogue experiment installation according to claim 2, it is characterised in that electrometer controller is by setting
Electrically connected in the vacuum flange on closed container outer wall with electrometer, between the electrometer and vacuum flange, vacuum flange with
Connected between electrometer controller by electrometer data wire.
4. Mars sandstorm analogue experiment installation according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that also including wave-length coverage
For 200-1100nm high-resolution spectrometer, the high-resolution spectrometer is located at outside the closed container, and by optical fiber with
The closed container connection.
5. Mars sandstorm analogue experiment installation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that photomultiplier passes through optical fiber
It is connected with fibre-optical probe.
6. Mars sandstorm analogue experiment installation according to claim 1 or 5, it is characterised in that the tumbler is rotation
Rotating vane piece, the actuator is motor.
7. Mars sandstorm analogue experiment installation according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the motor is installed on closed
The top of container, the top of closed container is provided with a through hole, and the motor drive link is connected through through hole with rotating vane.
8. Mars sandstorm analogue experiment installation according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the motor drive link and institute
State and be provided with seal between through hole.
9. a kind of Mars sandstorm analogue experiment method, using Mars sandstorm analogue experiment installation as claimed in claim 4,
Characterized in that, its specific experiment step is as follows：
According to martian surface soil constituent feature selecting sandstorm Minerals particulate samples, mineral grain is loaded into closed container
Sample；
Closed container is debugged to Mars atmosphere and Mars air pressure conditions；
Start actuator, tumbler Stirring mineral grain sample is driven by actuator, form sandstorm, pass through photoelectric measurement
Discharge time in measurement device sandstorm, measures the electric-field intensity in sandstorm, and pass through spectrum by electrostatic measuring device
The plasma light spectrum signature of generation when being discharged in instrument measurement sandstorm；Discharge time, electric-field intensity and plasma light
After the completion of spectrum signature detection, actuator is closed.
10. Mars sandstorm analogue experiment method according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the Mars atmosphere is fire
95.5% CO is contained in star catalogue face2Atmosphere, the Mars air pressure is 700Pa low pressure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710487425.3A CN107290002B (en) | 2017-06-23 | 2017-06-23 | Mars dust storm simulation experiment device and method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710487425.3A CN107290002B (en) | 2017-06-23 | 2017-06-23 | Mars dust storm simulation experiment device and method |
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| CN107290002A true CN107290002A (en) | 2017-10-24 |
| CN107290002B CN107290002B (en) | 2019-12-27 |
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| CN201710487425.3A Active CN107290002B (en) | 2017-06-23 | 2017-06-23 | Mars dust storm simulation experiment device and method |
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| CN111579193A (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2020-08-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Mars dust storm environment simulation device |
| CN112146905A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2020-12-29 | 兰州空间技术物理研究所 | Space high-speed charged particle simulation device and simulation method |
| CN113682500A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-11-23 | 吉林大学 | Test environment for simulating complex Mars landform |
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