CN107289858A - The measurement apparatus and method of virtual ruler built in a kind of digital picture - Google Patents
The measurement apparatus and method of virtual ruler built in a kind of digital picture Download PDFInfo
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- CN107289858A CN107289858A CN201710550135.9A CN201710550135A CN107289858A CN 107289858 A CN107289858 A CN 107289858A CN 201710550135 A CN201710550135 A CN 201710550135A CN 107289858 A CN107289858 A CN 107289858A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
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Abstract
The present invention provides the measurement apparatus and method of virtual ruler built in a kind of digital picture, and its device includes：Grid Projection unit, for projection to form grid shaped laser spot in plane where target object；Image acquisition unit, for obtaining the light spot image comprising grid shaped laser spot and target object in visual field；Computing unit, for analyzing and handling light spot image, and according to the proportionate relationship of the actual range between the pixel distance and two hot spots between two hot spots in the light spot image of selection, the Pixel Dimensions for passing through target object calculate the actual size of target object.The present invention in digital picture by the way of virtual ruler is carried, overcome because additional scale bring the problem of, it is used as a kind of contactless measurement, measurement available for any macroscopic view or micro-object size, particularly some measurements of target object for being difficult to touch are had a clear superiority, measurement accuracy is high, and error is small.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to digital picture field of measuring technique, and in particular to the measurement of virtual ruler built in a kind of digital picture
Device and method.
Background technology
With the quickening of global economic integration progress, golden age manufacturing development is entered, to e measurement technology
Propose further requirement.Wherein, precision and reliability are to weigh the most important two indices of e measurement technology.At present, measure
The measurement accuracy of technology has been increased substantially, and precision has currently reached 10 μm of even higher water from original 0.1mm or so
It is flat.
Traditional metering system is usually such as the micrometer by ruler, slide measure etc., passes through naked eyes or amplification
Mirror carries out observation reading numerical values, but its measurement accuracy is very limited, and the size of some small items is difficult to measure；Base
In the image processing techniques of microscopy, compared with traditional metering system, microscopy is for some small items
Dimensional measurement has significant advantage, and its least limit differentiated can reach 0.1 μm, but it is difficult to the target touched for some
Object still can not be measured accurately.
There are some in the prior art by e measurement technology of the additional scale as reference, cardinal principle is by the visual field
Template is placed, the contained number of pixels formation corresponding relation after the actual size of template left and right margins and imaging is regard as mark
Chi.Although the measurement accuracy of this technology increases, reliability increase also greatly accelerates operating efficiency, in order to
Ensure that template is imaged with testee in the same visual field, generally require template being placed near testee, therefore
High-risk or be difficult to the object that contacts for some, equally there is also the problem of actual operating difficulties.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides the measurement apparatus and method of virtual ruler built in a kind of digital picture, right in the prior art to solve
The problem of size of target object for being difficult to touch can not be measured accurately.
In a first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of measurement apparatus of virtual ruler built in digital picture, including：
Grid Projection unit, for projection to form grid shaped laser spot in plane where target object；
Image acquisition unit, for obtaining the hot spot comprising the grid shaped laser spot and the target object in visual field
Image；
Computing unit, for analyzing and handling the light spot image, and according to two in the light spot image of selection
The proportionate relationship of the actual range between pixel distance and two hot spots between hot spot, passes through the pixel of the target object
The actual size of target object described in Size calculation.
As the preferred embodiment of first aspect present invention, the Grid Projection unit includes light source and round table-like part, its
Described in light source provide projection needed for light, the round table-like part be based on the light, pass through the multiple holes set thereon
Road where target object in plane projection form grid shaped laser spot.
As the preferred embodiment of first aspect present invention, the round table-like part is provided with multiple regularly arranged angling holes
Road, what the two ends in multiple ducts were made up of in the upper top surface of the round table-like part and lower top surface formation one circular hole respectively
Grid；
Positioned at center position central duct and be symmetricly set on the first ducts and second of the central duct both sides
Between duct, the 3rd duct and the 4th duct are also respectively provided with, wherein the central duct, the 3rd duct and described
Four ducts are parallel to each other；
In addition to first duct, second duct, the 3rd duct and the 4th duct, in the duct
The extended line in remaining duct intersects at the point of intersection of top surface side on the round table-like part.
Second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of measuring method of virtual ruler built in digital picture, including：
Grid shaped laser spot is formed being projected where target object in plane；
Obtain the light spot image comprising the grid shaped laser spot and the target object in visual field；
Two hot spots in the light spot image are chosen as between scale hot spot, and two scale hot spots of calculating
Actual range；
According to the actual range between the pixel distance between two scale hot spots and two scale hot spots
Proportionate relationship, the actual size of the target object is calculated by the Pixel Dimensions of the target object.
As the preferred embodiment of second aspect of the present invention, two hot spots in the selection light spot image are used as scale
Before actual range between hot spot, and two scale hot spots of calculating, in addition to：
The grid shaped laser spot and the target object are extracted from the light spot image, and is obtained respectively by described first
Duct and second duct project pixel distance between the first hot spot to be formed and the second hot spot and by the 3rd hole
Road and the 4th duct project the pixel distance between the 3rd hot spot to be formed and the 4th hot spot；
According between the pixel distance between first hot spot and the second hot spot and the 3rd hot spot and the 4th hot spot
Pixel distance, calculate the intersection point to the actual range of target object place plane.
As the preferred embodiment of second aspect of the present invention, the actual range of plane where the intersection point to target object according to
Following formula is calculated and obtained：
Wherein, S1For the pixel distance between the first hot spot and the second hot spot, S0For between the 3rd hot spot and the 4th hot spot
Pixel distance, L is duct and the first duct or the second duct centered on actual range of the intersection point to plane where target object, d
Actual range between the circular hole formed on the upper top surface of round table-like part, θ1Centered on duct and the first duct or the second hole
Angle between road.
As the preferred embodiment of second aspect of the present invention, two hot spots in the selection light spot image are used as scale
Actual range between hot spot, and two scale hot spots of calculating includes：
Two hot spots nearest from the target object in the light spot image are chosen as scale hot spot；
According to the actual range and the intersection point of the intersection point to target object place plane to the round table-like part
Upper top surface actual range proportionate relationship, by formed two scale hot spots duct in the round table-like part
Actual range on upper top surface, calculates the actual range between two scale hot spots.
As the preferred embodiment of second aspect of the present invention, the duct of two scale hot spots is formed described round table-like zero
Actual range on the upper top surface of part is calculated according to the following formula to be obtained：
Wherein, labTo be formed between the circular hole that the duct of two scale hot spots is formed on the upper top surface of round table-like part
Actual range, xa、xb、yaAnd ybWhat the duct of respectively two scale hot spots of formation was formed on the upper top surface of round table-like part
The coordinate of circular hole, the circular hole that reference axis is formed on the upper top surface of round table-like part using central duct is origin.
As the preferred embodiment of second aspect of the present invention, the actual range between described two hot spots is calculated according to the following formula
Arrive：
Wherein, la'b'For the actual range between two scale hot spots, labTo form the duct of two scale hot spots in circle
Actual range between the circular hole formed on the upper top surface of mesa-shaped part, L be intersection point to plane where target object actually away from
From L1 is actual range of the intersection point to the upper top surface of round table-like part.
As the preferred embodiment of second aspect of the present invention, the actual size of the target object is calculated according to the following formula to be obtained：
Wherein, n is the actual size of target object, and m is the Pixel Dimensions of target object, la'b'For two scale hot spots it
Between actual range, Sa'b'For the pixel distance between two scale hot spots.
The measurement apparatus and method of virtual ruler built in a kind of digital picture that the present invention is provided, using in digital picture
Carry the mode of virtual ruler, overcome because additional scale bring the problem of, as a kind of contactless measurement, can use
In the measurement of any macroscopic view or micro-object size, particularly have to some measurements of target object for being difficult to touch substantially excellent
Gesture.In addition, on the basis of the measurement of conventional target dimension of object, by setting round table-like part, and adjusting the hole set thereon
The inclination angle in road, can increase visual field imaging region, realize the maximization of imaging region, effectively can adjust target object
Into grid shaped laser spot, the precision of measurement is effectively increased, error is small.
Measurement apparatus that the present invention is provided is simple in construction, scale is flexible, manufacturing cost is low, and the calculating in measuring method
Principle is easily understood, and automation can be achieved and calculates.
Brief description of the drawings
Technical scheme in order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, makes required in being described below to embodiment
Accompanying drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, for
For those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, other can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings
Accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of the measurement apparatus of virtual ruler built in a kind of digital picture provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is round table-like part in the measurement apparatus of virtual ruler built in a kind of digital picture provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Structural representation；
Fig. 3 illustrates for the flow of the measuring method of virtual ruler built in a kind of digital picture provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 4 is the projection signal in the measuring method of virtual ruler built in a kind of digital picture provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 5 is the plane coordinates schematic diagram of the upper top surface of round table-like part provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order that those skilled in the art more fully understand the present invention program, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
Accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is only
The embodiment of a part of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, ordinary skill people
The every other embodiment that member is obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, should all belong to the model that the present invention is protected
Enclose.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of measurement apparatus of virtual ruler built in digital picture, shown in reference picture 1, bag
Include：
Grid Projection unit 101, for projection to form grid shaped laser spot in plane where target object；
Image acquisition unit 102, for obtaining the light spot image comprising grid shaped laser spot and target object in visual field；
Computing unit 103, for analyzing and handling light spot image, and according to two hot spots in the light spot image of selection it
Between pixel distance and two hot spots between actual range proportionate relationship, calculate mesh by the Pixel Dimensions of target object
Mark the actual size of object.
In the present embodiment, image acquisition unit 102 can be any one in mobile phone, camera or video camera, be preferably
Camera.
Using above-described embodiment, by way of carrying virtual ruler in digital picture, overcome because of additional scale institute
The problem of bringing, as a kind of contactless measurement, available for the measurement of any macroscopic view or micro-object size, is particularly
Some measurements of target object for being difficult to touch are had a clear superiority.
On the basis of above-described embodiment, Grid Projection unit 101 includes light source and round table-like part, and wherein light source is provided
Light needed for projection, round table-like part is based on light, by multiple ducts for setting thereon in target object institute in the plane
Projection forms grid shaped laser spot.
In the present embodiment, light source can be any one in laser lamp, fluorescent lamp, incandescent lamp or iodine-tungsten lamp, be preferably
Laser lamp, because scattering phenomenon is less likely to occur the light of laser lamp output, so that projecting the grid shaped laser spot of formation can compare
Clearly, it is easy to identification.
On the basis of above-described embodiment, shown in reference picture 2, round table-like part is provided with multiple regularly arranged angling holes
Road, the two ends in duct form a grid being made up of circular hole in the upper top surface of the round table-like part and lower top surface respectively；Position
In center position central duct and be symmetricly set between the first duct of central duct both sides and the second duct, also distinguish
The 3rd duct and the 4th duct are provided with, wherein central duct, the 3rd duct and the 4th duct is parallel to each other；Except the first duct,
Outside second duct, the 3rd duct and the 4th duct, the extended line in remaining duct in duct is intersected to be pushed up on round table-like part
The point of intersection of face side.
In the present embodiment, for convenience of follow-up calculating, multiple regularly arranged ducts are provided with round table-like part, it is multiple
The two ends in duct form the matrix of 5 × 5 specifications being made up of circular hole in the upper top surface and lower top surface of round table-like part respectively
Shape grid.Specifically, the size of the specification of grid, the size in duct and round table-like part is set according to the size of target object
Fixed, the present invention is not required.Usually, it is that target object effectively can be adjusted to latticed light when target object is larger
In spot, it will usually by the relative sets such as the specification of grid be larger specification.Similarly, also adaptively the size in duct can be set
Large-size is set to, is easy to be identified by the hot spot of its formation.
In addition, the size that the present invention is pointed to the inclination angle in multiple ducts of same a line does not also do specific requirement, as long as protecting
Card be symmetricly set on central duct be expert above and below both sides multiple ducts with a line inclination angle absolute value it is identical.
For convenience of distance is calculated, the two ends in duct are made up of what the upper top surface of round table-like part and lower top surface were formed circular hole
Rectangular grid in, adjacent rows above and below two grid the distance between identical with the distance between each grid of a line
Also just as.Similarly, the inclination angle of central duct is also configured as 0 °, can facilitate follow-up calculating.
In the present embodiment, it is the precision that improves final measurement, chooses nearest from central duct k0 symmetrical respectively
Two ducts of lower both sides are disposed thereon as the first duct k1 and the second duct k2, and in central duct k0 and the first duct
The 3rd duct k3 is provided between k1, the 4th duct k4 is provided between central duct k0 and the second duct k2, is ensured simultaneously
Central duct k0, the 3rd duct k3 and the 4th duct k4 are parallel to each other.
Except it is above-mentioned more preferably take mode in addition to, any other ducts for being symmetricly set on central duct both sides can also be chosen
Respectively as the first duct and the second duct, then the 3rd duct and the 4th duct are correspondingly arranged respectively, then further according to selection
First duct with the 3rd duct in the second duct and setting is corresponding with the 4th duct is calculated.
Using above-described embodiment, on the basis of the measurement of conventional target dimension of object, by setting round table-like part, and adjust
The inclination angle in the whole duct set thereon, can increase visual field imaging region, realize the maximization of imaging region, can be effectively
Target object is adjusted in grid shaped laser spot, the precision of measurement is effectively increased, error is small.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of measuring method of virtual ruler built in digital picture, shown in reference picture 3, bag
Include：
301st, where target object in plane projection form grid shaped laser spot.
Light source is positioned at the side of the upper top surface of round table-like part, that is, the position of intersecting point for being arranged on round table-like part,
Light, which can so be ensured, can abreast pass through central duct k0, and setting in parallel the 3rd hole being positioned above
Road k3 and the 4th duct k4 being disposed below, specifically can be with further reference to shown in Fig. 4.
It should be noted that when light source is fluorescent lamp, incandescent lamp or iodine-tungsten lamp etc., light source need to be arranged on to round table-like zero
At the position of intersecting point of part.Preferably, when light source is laser lamp, what it is due to its output is directional light, it is therefore desirable in each hole
One end that road is located at the upper top surface of round table-like part sets a laser lamp respectively, so because the light that laser lamp is exported is not allowed
Easily occurs scattering phenomenon, so that identification can be easy to than more visible by projecting the grid shaped laser spot of formation.
Light passes through each duct of round table-like part, ultimately form be projected in target object in the plane latticed
Hot spot.During projection, it is to be ensured that target object is in the grid shaped laser spot, while it is also to be ensured that target object can not be by some
Hot spot is completely covered, because can not be identified when target object is covered by hot spot completely, can not thus calculate in fact
Border size.
302nd, the light spot image comprising grid shaped laser spot and target object in visual field is obtained.
Shot with visual fields such as cameras, to obtain the light spot image for including grid shaped laser spot and target object.
303rd, two hot spots in light spot image are chosen as scale hot spot, and calculate the reality between two scale hot spots
Distance.
Get after satisfactory light spot image, corresponding analysis and processing are carried out to it, first to calculate intersection point to mesh
The actual range of plane where marking object.Specifically, in a preferred embodiment, its calculating process can be entered in accordance with the following steps
OK：
303a, extract grid shaped laser spot and target object from light spot image, and obtain respectively by the first duct k1 and the
Two duct k2 project pixel distance between the first hot spot to be formed and the second hot spot and by the 3rd duct k3 and the 4th duct
K4 projects the pixel distance between the 3rd hot spot to be formed and the 4th hot spot.
Grid shaped laser spot and target object are extracted from light spot image, and obtains the picture between the first hot spot and the second hot spot
Pixel distance between plain distance and the 3rd hot spot and the 4th hot spot, is obtained using image extraction method of the prior art and pixel
Method is taken, the present invention is not required specific image extraction method and pixel acquisition methods.
303b, according to the picture between the pixel distance between the first hot spot and the second hot spot and the 3rd hot spot and the 4th hot spot
Plain distance, calculates intersection point to the actual range of plane where target object.
Preferably, get between the pixel distance between the first hot spot and the second hot spot and the 3rd hot spot and the 4th hot spot
Pixel distance after, according to corresponding proportionate relationship, intersection point can be counted according to the following formula to the actual range of plane where target object
Obtain：
Wherein, S1For the pixel distance between the first hot spot and the second hot spot, S0For between the 3rd hot spot and the 4th hot spot
Pixel distance, L is duct and the first duct or the second duct centered on actual range of the intersection point to plane where target object, d
Actual range between the circular hole formed on the upper top surface of round table-like part, θ1Centered on duct and the first duct or the second hole
Angle between road.
It can be obtained after above formula is deformed：
Bring each numerical value into, you can obtain intersection point to the actual range of plane where target object.
After above-mentioned steps have been carried out, intersection point is obtained to the actual range of plane where target object.Further, exist
In one preferred embodiment, two hot spots in light spot image are chosen as between scale hot spot, and two scale hot spots of calculating
Actual range can carry out in accordance with the following steps：
3031st, two hot spots nearest from target object in light spot image are chosen and are used as scale hot spot.
Generally, any two hot spot can be chosen in light spot image as scale hot spot, so that by the two light
The distance between spot is compared as virtual ruler, and then with target object, can draw the actual size of target object, therefore
Choose two hot spots nearest from target object and be used as virtual ruler as scale hot spot, and using the distance between the two hot spots
It is compared with target object, its accuracy is higher.
3032nd, according to the upper top surface of the actual range and intersection point of intersection point to target object place plane to round table-like part
Actual range proportionate relationship, by formed the duct of two scale hot spots on the upper top surface of round table-like part it is actual away from
From the actual range between two scale hot spots of calculating.
Choose after two scale hot spots in light spot image, it is necessary to further calculate two scales as virtual ruler
Actual range between hot spot.Specifically, can be by the actual range and intersection point of intersection point to plane where target object to justifying
The proportionate relationship of the actual range of the upper top surface of mesa-shaped part, by forming the duct a and b of two scale hot spots round table-like zero
Actual range on the upper top surface of part, calculates the actual range between two scale hot spots.
Wherein, intersection point is obtained by above-mentioned steps to the actual range of plane where target object, and intersection point is to round table-like
The actual range of the upper top surface of part can be obtained by specifically measuring.The duct a and b that form two scale hot spots are calculated in circle
During actual range on the upper top surface of mesa-shaped part, reference axis first is set in the upper top surface of the round table-like part, the reference axis with
The circular hole that central duct is formed on the upper top surface of round table-like part is origin, sets up after reference axis, each duct is formed
Circular hole carry out coordinates, specifically can be with further reference to shown in Fig. 5.Therefore, the duct a and b for forming two scale hot spots exist
Actual range on the upper top surface of round table-like part can be calculated according to the following formula to be obtained：
Wherein, labTo be formed between the circular hole that the duct of two scale hot spots is formed on the upper top surface of round table-like part
Actual range, xa、xb、yaAnd ybWhat the duct of respectively two scale hot spots of formation was formed on the upper top surface of round table-like part
The coordinate of circular hole, the circular hole that reference axis is formed on the upper top surface of round table-like part using central duct is origin.
Bring each numerical value into, you can obtain being formed reality of the duct of two scale hot spots on the upper top surface of round table-like part
Distance.
Further, according to aforementioned proportion relation, the actual range between two scale hot spots can be calculated according to the following formula
Arrive：
Wherein, la'b'For the actual range between two scale hot spots, labTo form the duct of two scale hot spots in circle
Actual range between the circular hole formed on the upper top surface of mesa-shaped part, L be intersection point to plane where target object actually away from
From L1 is actual range of the intersection point to the upper top surface of round table-like part.
It can be obtained after above formula is deformed：
Bring each numerical value into, you can obtain the actual range between two scale hot spots.
304th, according to the ratio of the actual range between the pixel distance between two scale hot spots and two scale hot spots
Example relation, the actual size of target object is calculated by the Pixel Dimensions of target object.
Choose after two scale hot spots in light spot image, the pixel distance between two scale hot spots can be by existing
Pixel acquisition methods obtain.Similarly, after the target object in light spot image is extracted, its Pixel Dimensions also can be by existing
Some pixel acquisition methods are obtained, and the present invention is not required specific pixel acquisition methods.
Further, according to aforementioned proportion relation, the actual size of target object can be calculated according to the following formula to be obtained：
Wherein, n is the actual size of target object, and m is the Pixel Dimensions of target object, la'b'For two scale hot spots it
Between actual range, Sa'b'For the pixel distance between two scale hot spots.
It can be obtained after above formula is deformed：
Bring each numerical value into, you can obtain the actual size of target object.
It should be noted that being with two hot spots when calculating the distance between two hot spots in each above-mentioned embodiment
The distance between center calculated.Similarly, the circle that two ducts are formed on the upper top surface of round table-like part is calculated
During the distance between hole, be also the circular hole formed with two ducts on the upper top surface of round table-like part center between distance
Calculated, the result so calculated can be more accurate.
The calculating process of above-described embodiment be with choose from central duct recently be symmetricly set on its up and down both sides two
Individual duct is made respectively as the first duct and the second duct, when selection is arbitrarily symmetricly set on other of central duct both sides
When duct is respectively as the first duct and the second duct, those skilled in the art can be easily according to above-mentioned calculating process
Other corresponding calculating process are drawn, be will not be repeated here.
In real life production, the measurement apparatus of virtual ruler built in a kind of digital picture provided in an embodiment of the present invention
And method, by the way of virtual ruler is carried in digital picture, overcome because additional scale bring the problem of, be used as one
Contactless measurement is planted, available for the measurement of any macroscopic view or micro-object size, that touches particularly is difficult to some
The measurement of target object has a clear superiority, and the width in such as crack, the thickness of rock stratum, the size of flying object are difficult to the mesh touched
The measurement of mark object has obvious advantage.
In addition, on the basis of the measurement of conventional target dimension of object, being set thereon by setting round table-like part, and adjusting
Duct inclination angle, visual field imaging region can be increased, the maximization of imaging region is realized, can be effectively by target object
It is adjusted in grid shaped laser spot, effectively increases the precision of measurement, error is small.
The measurement apparatus is simple in construction, scale is flexible, manufacturing cost is low, and the Computing Principle in measuring method is simply easy
Understand, automation can be achieved and calculates.
The embodiments of the present invention are for illustration only, and the quality of embodiment is not represented.
In the above embodiment of the present invention, the description to each embodiment all emphasizes particularly on different fields, and does not have in some embodiment
The part of detailed description, may refer to the associated description of other embodiment.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all the present invention spirit and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (10)
1. the measurement apparatus of virtual ruler built in a kind of digital picture, it is characterised in that including：
Grid Projection unit, for projection to form grid shaped laser spot in plane where target object；
Image acquisition unit, for obtaining the hot spot figure comprising the grid shaped laser spot and the target object in visual field
Picture；
Computing unit, for analyzing and handling the light spot image, and according to two hot spots in the light spot image of selection
Between pixel distance and two hot spots between actual range proportionate relationship, pass through the Pixel Dimensions of the target object
Calculate the actual size of the target object.
2. measurement apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Grid Projection unit includes light source and round table-like
Part, wherein the light source provides the light needed for projection, the round table-like part is based on the light, passes through what is set thereon
Multiple ducts where target object in plane projection form grid shaped laser spot.
3. measurement apparatus according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the round table-like part is provided with multiple regularly arranged
Inclination duct, the two ends in multiple ducts are respectively in the upper top surface of the round table-like part and lower top surface formation one by justifying
The grid of hole composition；
Positioned at center position central duct and be symmetricly set on the first duct and the second duct of the central duct both sides
Between, the 3rd duct and the 4th duct are also respectively provided with, wherein the central duct, the 3rd duct and the 4th hole
Road is parallel to each other；
Remaining in addition to first duct, second duct, the 3rd duct and the 4th duct, in the duct
The extended line in duct intersects at the point of intersection of top surface side on the round table-like part.
4. the measuring method of virtual ruler built in a kind of digital picture, it is characterised in that including：
Grid shaped laser spot is formed being projected where target object in plane；
Obtain the light spot image comprising the grid shaped laser spot and the target object in visual field；
Two hot spots in the light spot image are chosen as scale hot spot, and calculate the reality between two scale hot spots
Distance；
According to the ratio of the actual range between the pixel distance between two scale hot spots and two scale hot spots
Example relation, the actual size of the target object is calculated by the Pixel Dimensions of the target object.
5. measuring method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that two hot spots in the selection light spot image
Before the actual range between scale hot spot, and two scale hot spots of calculating, in addition to：
The grid shaped laser spot and the target object are extracted from the light spot image, and is obtained respectively by first duct
And second duct project pixel distance between the first hot spot to be formed and the second hot spot and by the 3rd duct and
4th duct projects the pixel distance between the 3rd hot spot to be formed and the 4th hot spot；
According to the picture between the pixel distance between first hot spot and the second hot spot and the 3rd hot spot and the 4th hot spot
Plain distance, calculates the intersection point to the actual range of plane where target object.
6. measuring method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the reality of plane where the intersection point to target object
Distance calculates obtain according to the following formula：
<mrow>
<mfrac>
<msub>
<mi>S</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>S</mi>
<mn>0</mn>
</msub>
</mfrac>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
<mi>L</mi>
<mi> </mi>
<msub>
<mi>tan&theta;</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mi>d</mi>
</mfrac>
<mo>,</mo>
</mrow>
Wherein, S1For the pixel distance between the first hot spot and the second hot spot, S0For the pixel between the 3rd hot spot and the 4th hot spot
Duct and the first duct or the second duct are in circle centered on distance, the actual range of L planes where intersection point to target object, d
Actual range between the circular hole formed on the upper top surface of mesa-shaped part, θ1Centered on duct and the first duct or the second duct it
Between angle.
7. measuring method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that two hot spots in the selection light spot image
As scale hot spot, and the actual range calculated between two scale hot spots includes：
Two hot spots nearest from the target object in the light spot image are chosen as scale hot spot；
According to the actual range and the intersection point of the intersection point to target object place plane to the upper of the round table-like part
The proportionate relationship of the actual range of top surface, by forming the duct of two scale hot spots on the upper top of the round table-like part
Actual range on face, calculates the actual range between two scale hot spots.
8. measuring method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that form the duct of two scale hot spots described
Actual range on the upper top surface of round table-like part is calculated according to the following formula to be obtained：
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>l</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>a</mi>
<mi>b</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<msqrt>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mi>b</mi>
</msub>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mi>a</mi>
</msub>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msub>
<mi>y</mi>
<mi>b</mi>
</msub>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mi>y</mi>
<mi>a</mi>
</msub>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
</msqrt>
<mo>,</mo>
</mrow>
Wherein, labTo form the reality between the circular hole that the duct of two scale hot spots is formed on the upper top surface of round table-like part
Distance, xa、xb、yaAnd ybRespectively form the circular hole that the duct of two scale hot spots is formed on the upper top surface of round table-like part
Coordinate, the circular hole that reference axis is formed on the upper top surface of round table-like part using central duct is origin.
9. measuring method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the actual range between described two hot spots is under
Formula is calculated and obtained：
<mrow>
<mfrac>
<msub>
<mi>l</mi>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mi>a</mi>
<mo>&prime;</mo>
</msup>
<msup>
<mi>b</mi>
<mo>&prime;</mo>
</msup>
</mrow>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>l</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>a</mi>
<mi>b</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mfrac>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mi>L</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>L</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>,</mo>
</mrow>
Wherein, la'b'For the actual range between two scale hot spots, labTo form the duct of two scale hot spots round table-like
Actual range between the circular hole formed on the upper top surface of part, L is actual range of the intersection point to plane where target object, L1
For the actual range of the upper top surface of intersection point to round table-like part.
10. measuring method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the actual size of the target object is according to the following formula
Calculating is obtained：
<mrow>
<mfrac>
<mi>n</mi>
<mi>m</mi>
</mfrac>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<msub>
<mi>l</mi>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mi>a</mi>
<mo>&prime;</mo>
</msup>
<msup>
<mi>b</mi>
<mo>&prime;</mo>
</msup>
</mrow>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>S</mi>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mi>a</mi>
<mo>&prime;</mo>
</msup>
<msup>
<mi>b</mi>
<mo>&prime;</mo>
</msup>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mfrac>
<mo>,</mo>
</mrow>
Wherein, n is the actual size of target object, and m is the Pixel Dimensions of target object, la'b'For between two scale hot spots
Actual range, Sa'b'For the pixel distance between two scale hot spots.
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