CN107289658A - A kind of thermoacoustic machine and its application - Google Patents

A kind of thermoacoustic machine and its application Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107289658A
CN107289658A CN201610196368.9A CN201610196368A CN107289658A CN 107289658 A CN107289658 A CN 107289658A CN 201610196368 A CN201610196368 A CN 201610196368A CN 107289658 A CN107289658 A CN 107289658A
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work
heat transducer
thermoacoustic machine
thermoacoustic
working chamber
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CN201610196368.9A
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CN107289658B (en
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朱绍伟
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Tongji University
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Tongji University
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/14Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle
    • F25B9/145Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle pulse-tube cycle
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2309/00Gas cycle refrigeration machines
    • F25B2309/14Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the cycle used 
    • F25B2309/1402Pulse-tube cycles with acoustic driver

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of thermoacoustic machine and its application, described thermoacoustic machine includes the first heat transducer (1) and the second heat transducer (2) connected by resonatron (17), described the first heat transducer (1) is used to produce work(, and the work(of generation is inputted into output after amplification in the second heat transducer (2) through resonatron (17);Described the first heat transducer (1) is ring-type heat transducer, and described the second heat transducer (2) is linear pattern heat transducer;Above-mentioned thermoacoustic machine gives material gain component, such as vascular refrigerator for output work.Compared with prior art, efficiency high of the present invention with thermoacoustic machine and the vascular refrigerator being made up of thermoacoustic machine, advantages of simple structure and simple.

Description

A kind of thermoacoustic machine and its application
Technical field
The present invention relates to thermoacoustic field, more particularly, to a kind of thermoacoustic machine and its application.
Background technology
The vascular refrigerator of existing thermoacoustic machine driving, including heat to power output portion (being thermoacoustic machine) and frozen part, heat to power output portion is usually one work(converter of a resonatron band, and pressure wave is produced so as to produce cold in frozen part using gas is of reciprocating vibration in pipe.Conventional heat transducer generally includes two kinds:Linear pattern heat transducer and ring-type heat transducer, the heat to power output principle of common linear pattern thermoacoustic machine is that gas produces work(in plate is folded by irreversible heat exchange, energy density is very low compared with ring-type heat transducer, and efficiency is also very low, and advantage is that do not have DC air-flows.Ring-type heat transducer is due to there is a ring, and preferable upper annular heat transducer is as Stirling engine, but in fact, the phase modulation poor ability of gas, and its heat to power output efficiency is high without Stirling engine with power density, only more better than linear pattern.In addition, gas not only does of reciprocating vibration in ring, and have one DC component for doing positive hour hands or counterclockwise flow, referred to as DC air-flows.It is zero to do the flow integration being returned in the reciprocating vibrational component a cycle of air-flow in original position, a cycle.DC air flow components flow in one direction, and the integration in a cycle is not zero.DC air-flow destruction work conditions, make the reduction of heat to power output efficiency, can stop Gas Vibration when serious.DC air-flows suppressor need to be added to reduce DC throughputs, but be difficult to be completely eliminated (DC air-flow suppressors are that a direction resistance coefficient is small, the big device of another direction resistance coefficient).Meanwhile, the higher hamonic wave of ring-type heat transducer is also very big, influences refrigeration.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and provide a kind of thermoacoustic machine and its application.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of thermoacoustic machine, including the first heat transducer and the second heat transducer connected by resonatron, the first described heat transducer are used to produce work(, and the work(of generation is inputted into output after amplification in the second heat transducer through resonatron;
The first described heat transducer is ring-type heat transducer, and the second described heat transducer is linear pattern heat transducer.
The first described heat transducer can also be coaxial-type heat transducer.
The first described heat transducer includes connecting and constituting folded the first cooler of circulation, the first plate, primary heater, the first work(transfer tube and feedback pipe, and the first described work(transfer tube is also connected with resonatron, and DC air-flow suppressors are additionally provided with feedback pipe.
The first described heat transducer includes connecting and constituting folded the first cooler of circulation, the first plate, primary heater, the first work(transfer tube and feedback pipe, the first described work(transfer tube is also connected with resonatron, and pushing piston a of reciprocating vibration is additionally provided with feedback pipe.Pushing piston a is feeding back the of reciprocating vibration of the matching of reciprocating vibration first heat transducer interior air-flow in pipe.
Described pushing piston a is by outside mechanical mechanism or self-vibration Spring driving.
A kind of thermoacoustic machine gives material gain part for output work.
Described material gain is vascular refrigerator with part.Can also be other electric energy or mechanical energy converting unit.
Described vascular refrigerator is inertia tube vascular refrigerator, and it is made up of the aftercooler being sequentially connected, regenerator, cold head, vascular, inertia tube and air reservoir.
Described air reservoir is also connected by pipeline with feedback pipe, and pushing piston b is additionally provided between air reservoir and feedback pipe.The expansion work of air reservoir is mainly reclaimed in pushing piston b effect, and by its through the first plate is folded and the amplification such as secondary heater after be re-used as work(output, so as to further improve efficiency.Pushing piston b motion match the first work(converter interior air-flow it is of reciprocating vibration.
Described pushing piston a is in step type, it forms three working chambers between feedback pipe, respectively the first working chamber, the second working chamber and the 3rd working chamber, wherein, first working chamber connects the first cooler, second working chamber connects the first work(efferent duct, and the 3rd working chamber directly contacts pushing piston a head end, and connects air reservoir by pipeline.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has advantages below:
(1) the heat to power output efficiency high of thermoacoustic machine:The present invention is by the way of ring-type heat transducer and the combination of linear pattern heat transducer, work(is produced by ring-type heat transducer, work(is amplified by linear pattern heat transducer again, so as to may be such that the performance of thermoacoustic machine between annular thermoacoustic machine and Stirling engine.
(2) by installing a pushing piston a in the feedback pipe of ring-type heat transducer, and it is done the movement matched with the air-flow of reciprocating vibration in ring-type heat transducer, the generation and transmission of ring-type heat transducer internal strength are not interfered with not only, and DC air-flows have been blocked, so as to may be such that the efficiency and Stirling engine of ring-type heat transducer are about the same.
(3) pushing piston b setting can reclaim the expansion work of air reservoir in inertia tube vascular refrigerator, so as to further provide for efficiency of utilization.
(4) it is simple in construction.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 be the embodiment of the present invention 1 in thermoacoustic machine structural representation;
Fig. 2 be the embodiment of the present invention 2 in thermoacoustic machine structural representation;
Fig. 2-1 be the embodiment of the present invention 2 in thermoacoustic machine structural representation;
The structural representation for the vascular refrigerator that Fig. 3 drives for the thermoacoustic machine in the embodiment of the present invention 1;
The structural representation for the vascular refrigerator that Fig. 4 drives for the thermoacoustic machine in the embodiment of the present invention 3;
The structural representation for the vascular refrigerator that Fig. 5 drives for the thermoacoustic machine in the embodiment of the present invention 4;
Fig. 6 be the embodiment of the present invention 5 in thermoacoustic generator structural representation;
The structural representation for the vascular refrigerator that Fig. 7 drives for the thermoacoustic machine in the embodiment of the present invention 6;
The structural representation for the vascular refrigerator that Fig. 8 drives for the thermoacoustic machine in the embodiment of the present invention 6;
In figure, the heat transducers of 1- first, the coolers of 11- first, the plates of 12- first are folded, 13- primary heaters, 14- the first work(transfer tubes, 15-DC air-flow suppressors, 16- feedback pipes, 17- resonatrons, 18- pushing pistons a, the working chambers of 181- first, the working chambers of 182- second, the working chambers of 183- the 3rd, 19- pushing pistons b, the heat transducers of 2- second, the coolers of 21- second, the plates of 22- second are folded, 23- secondary heaters, 24- the second work(transfer tubes, 3- frozen parts, 31- aftercoolers, 32- regenerators, 33- cold heads, 34- vasculars, 35- inertia tubes, 36- air reservoirs, 4- generator assemblies, 41- pistons, 42- piston rods, 43- generators.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1
A kind of thermoacoustic machine, its structure is as shown in Figure 1, including the first heat transducer 1 and the second heat transducer 2 connected by resonatron 17, first heat transducer 1 folds 12, primary heater 13 by being sequentially connected and constituting the first cooler 11 of circulation, the first plate, first work(transfer tube 14 and feedback pipe 16 are constituted, and DC air-flows suppressor 15 is also equipped with feedback pipe 16;Second heat transducer 2 is made up of the second cooler 21, the second plate folded 22, the work(transfer tube 24 of secondary heater 23 and second being sequentially connected, and the first work(transfer tube 14 connects the second cooler 21 by resonatron 17;
During work, the converting heat added by primary heater 13 is work(by the first heat transducer 1, and by the part input resonatron 17 of the first work(transfer tube 14, a part is continued to output after feeding back and amplifying after pipe 16 is cooled down through the first cooler 11 through the first plate folded 12 with primary heater 13 by the first work(transfer tube 14.The Gas Vibration that a work(part for resonatron 17 is used to maintain resonatron 17 is inputted, remainder enters the second hot merit converter 2, is exported again by the second work(transfer tube 24 after the heat absorption amplification of secondary heater 23.
The second work(transfer tube 24 connection frozen part 3 of above-mentioned thermoacoustic machine, as shown in Figure 3, frozen part 3 is inertia tube vascular refrigerator, so as to constitute the pulse pipe refrigeration machine system driven by thermoacoustic machine, frozen part 3 is made up of aftercooler 31, regenerator 32, cold head 33, vascular 34, inertia tube 35 and air reservoir 36.When pulse pipe refrigeration machine system works, gas generation pressure wave of reciprocating vibration inside thermoacoustic machine.Heat is added through primary heater 13, secondary heater 23 and cold head 33, used heat is put into environment through the first cooler 11, the second cooler 21, aftercooler 31 and inertia tube 35, primary heater 13 and the temperature of secondary heater 23 are higher than environment temperature, and cold head temperature 33 is less than environment temperature.
In the present embodiment, according to thermodynamic principles, it is exaggerated when ideally reaching the second work(transfer tube 24 from the work(of resonatron 17, multiple is TH/T0, THFor the temperature of secondary heater 23, T0For environment temperature.This is as Stirling engine, but because DC air-flows are difficult control, and actual efficiency can not be compared with Stirling engine.Therefore it is Stirling that the thermoacoustic engine of the present embodiment, which can regard half as, and half is ring-type thermoacoustic machine, and its performance is between ring-type thermoacoustic machine and Stirling engine.
Embodiment 2
A kind of thermoacoustic machine of coaxial type, its structure is as shown in Fig. 2 or Fig. 2-1, and in addition to the first work(converter 1 is coaxial-type heat transducer, remaining is same as Example 1.In whole thermoacoustic machine, the first heat transducer 1, the heat transducer 2 of resonatron 17 and second are on same axis line.Wherein, in shown in Fig. 2, in the first heat transducer 1, pipe 16 is fed back through the first cooler 11, the first plate folded 12 and primary heater 13, the first cooler 11 is connected in the one end for feeding back pipe 16, and the other end is placed in the first work(efferent duct 14, and for output work into resonatron 17.In shown in Fig. 2-1, feedback pipe 16 is directly connected with resonatron 17, the DC air-flows suppressor 15 being sequentially connected, the first cooler 11, the first plate folded 12, the work(efferent duct 14 of primary heater 13 and first are set inside feedback pipe 16, and the first work(efferent duct 14 is just to resonatron 17.
Embodiment 3
A kind of vascular refrigerator of thermoacoustic machine driving, its structure is as shown in Figure 4, including thermoacoustic machine and by the frozen part 3 of thermoacoustic machine drive connection, thermoacoustic machine includes the first heat transducer 1 and the second heat transducer 2 connected by resonatron 17, first heat transducer 1 is by being sequentially connected and constituting the first cooler 11 of circulation, first plate folded 12, primary heater 13, first work(transfer tube 14 and feedback pipe 16 are constituted, reciprocating pushing piston a18 is also equipped with feedback pipe 16, pushing piston a18 is feeding back the of reciprocating vibration of the interior air-flow of first heat transducer of matching of reciprocating vibration 1 in pipe 16;Second heat transducer 2 is made up of the second cooler 21, the second plate folded 22, the work(transfer tube 24 of secondary heater 23 and second being sequentially connected, and the first work(transfer tube 14 connects the second cooler 21 by resonatron 17;Frozen part 3 is inertia tube vascular refrigerator, is made up of aftercooler 31, regenerator 32, cold head 33, vascular 34, inertia tube 35 and air reservoir 36.
Embodiment 4
A kind of vascular refrigerator of thermoacoustic machine driving, its structure between air reservoir 36 and feedback pipe 16 as shown in figure 5, in addition to structure composition all in including embodiment 3, be also provided with the pushing piston b19 for the expansion work for being used to reclaim air reservoir 36.Pushing piston b19 motion conditions and the motion match of reciprocating air-flow in the first heat transducer 1.
Embodiment 5
A kind of thermoacoustic generator, its structure is as shown in Figure 6, including thermoacoustic machine and by the generator assembly 4 of thermoacoustic machine drive connection, thermoacoustic machine includes the first heat transducer 1 and the second heat transducer 2 connected by resonatron 17, first heat transducer 1 is by being sequentially connected and constituting the first cooler 11 of circulation, first plate folded 12, primary heater 13, first work(transfer tube 14 and feedback pipe 16 are constituted, reciprocating pushing piston a18 is also equipped with feedback pipe 16, pushing piston a18 is feeding back the of reciprocating vibration of the interior air-flow of first heat transducer of matching of reciprocating vibration 1 in pipe 16;Second heat transducer 2 is made up of the second cooler 21, the second plate folded 22, the work(transfer tube 24 of secondary heater 23 and second being sequentially connected, and the first work(transfer tube 14 connects the second cooler 21 by resonatron 17;Generator assembly 4 is made up of piston 41, piston rod 42 and generator 43.The work(that thermoacoustic machine is produced promotes piston 41 to move, and then drives generator 43 to generate electricity.
Above-mentioned generator assembly 4 can also be for mechanical energy conversion devices such as brace and connecting rod frameworks, and the work(for thermoacoustic machine to be produced is converted into mechanical energy.
Embodiment 6
A kind of vascular refrigerator of thermoacoustic machine driving, its structure is as shown in Fig. 7 or Fig. 8, including thermoacoustic machine and by the frozen part 3 of thermoacoustic machine drive connection, thermoacoustic machine includes the first heat transducer 1 and the second heat transducer 2 connected by resonatron 17, first heat transducer 1 is by being sequentially connected and constituting the first cooler 11 of circulation, first plate folded 12, primary heater 13, first work(transfer tube 14 and feedback pipe 16 are constituted, reciprocating pushing piston a18 is also equipped with feedback pipe 16, three working chambers are formed between pushing piston a18 and feedback pipe 16, respectively the first working chamber 181, second working chamber 182 and the 3rd working chamber 183, wherein, first working chamber 181 connects the first cooler 11, second working chamber 182 connects the first work(efferent duct 14, 3rd working chamber 183 directly contacts pushing piston a18 head end, and air reservoir 36 is connected by pipeline;Second heat transducer 2 is made up of the second cooler 21, the second plate folded 22, the work(transfer tube 24 of secondary heater 23 and second being sequentially connected, and the first work(transfer tube 14 connects the second cooler 21 by resonatron 17;Frozen part 3 is inertia tube vascular refrigerator, is made up of aftercooler 31, regenerator 32, cold head 33, vascular 34, inertia tube 35 and air reservoir 36.
The above-mentioned description to embodiment is understood that for ease of those skilled in the art and using invention.Person skilled in the art obviously can easily make various modifications to these embodiments, and General Principle described herein is applied in other embodiment without passing through performing creative labour.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to above-described embodiment, those skilled in the art are according to the announcement of the present invention, and not departing from improvement and modification that scope made all should be within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of thermoacoustic machine, it is characterised in that including the first heat transducer connected by resonatron (17) (1) and the second heat transducer (2), described the first heat transducer (1) is used to produce work(, and will generation Work(inputted through resonatron (17) amplify in the second heat transducer (2) after export;
Described the first heat transducer (1) is ring-type heat transducer, described the second heat transducer (2) For linear pattern heat transducer.
2. a kind of thermoacoustic machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the first described heat transducer (1) it can also be coaxial-type heat transducer.
3. a kind of thermoacoustic machine according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the first described hot merit turns Parallel operation (1) includes connecting and constituting the first cooler (11) of circulation, the first plate folded (12), primary heater (13), the first work(transfer tube (14) and feedback pipe (16), the first described work(transfer tube (14) is also connected with humorous Vibration tube (17), DC air-flows suppressor (15) is additionally provided with feedback pipe (16).
4. a kind of thermoacoustic machine according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the first described hot merit turns Parallel operation (1) includes connecting and constituting the first cooler (11) of circulation, the first plate folded (12), primary heater (13), the first work(transfer tube (14) and feedback pipe (16), the first described work(transfer tube (14) is also connected with humorous Vibration tube (17), pushing piston a (18) of reciprocating vibration is additionally provided with feedback pipe (16).
5. a kind of thermoacoustic machine according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described pushing piston a (18) By outside mechanical mechanism or self-vibration Spring driving.
6. thermoacoustic machine as claimed in claim 4 gives material gain part for output work.
7. a kind of application of thermoacoustic machine according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described material gain portion Part is vascular refrigerator.
8. a kind of application of thermoacoustic machine according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described pulse tube refrigeration Machine be inertia tube vascular refrigerator, its by the aftercooler (31) being sequentially connected, regenerator (32), cold head (33), Vascular (34), inertia tube (35) and air reservoir (36) composition.
9. a kind of application of thermoacoustic machine according to claim 8, it is characterised in that described air reservoir (36) Also it is connected by pipeline with feedback pipe (16), passage is additionally provided between air reservoir (36) and feedback pipe (16) and is lived Fill in b (19).
10. a kind of application of thermoacoustic machine according to claim 8, it is characterised in that described pushing piston A (18) is in step type, its three working chamber of formation between feedback pipe (16), respectively the first working chamber (181), Second working chamber (182) and the 3rd working chamber (183), wherein, the first working chamber (181) is connected first and cooled down Device (11), the second working chamber (182) connects the first work(efferent duct (14), and the 3rd working chamber (183) directly connects Pushing piston a (18) head end is touched, and air reservoir (36) is connected by pipeline.
CN201610196368.9A 2016-03-31 2016-03-31 A kind of thermoacoustic machine and its application Active CN107289658B (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5953921A (en) * 1997-01-17 1999-09-21 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Torsionally resonant toroidal thermoacoustic refrigerator
WO2004015336A1 (en) * 2002-08-13 2004-02-19 The Regents Of The University Of California Circulating heat exchangers for oscillating wave engines and refrigerators
CN101655291A (en) * 2009-09-10 2010-02-24 浙江大学 High-pressure-ratio thermoacoustic drive pulse tube refrigerating device adopting liquid-column sound pressure amplifier
CN104654649B (en) * 2013-11-22 2017-07-28 同济大学 A kind of pre-cooling type multi-stage pulse tube refrigeration machine

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5953921A (en) * 1997-01-17 1999-09-21 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Torsionally resonant toroidal thermoacoustic refrigerator
WO2004015336A1 (en) * 2002-08-13 2004-02-19 The Regents Of The University Of California Circulating heat exchangers for oscillating wave engines and refrigerators
CN101655291A (en) * 2009-09-10 2010-02-24 浙江大学 High-pressure-ratio thermoacoustic drive pulse tube refrigerating device adopting liquid-column sound pressure amplifier
CN104654649B (en) * 2013-11-22 2017-07-28 同济大学 A kind of pre-cooling type multi-stage pulse tube refrigeration machine

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