CN107272080A - Site standardization analysis method for underground water leakage channel investigation - Google Patents
Site standardization analysis method for underground water leakage channel investigation Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 72
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
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- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002792 vascular Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a field standardization analysis method for underground water leakage channel investigation, which is characterized in that indexes of a single field are normalized and standardized according to the relation between the indexes and a leakage source, the relation between the indexes and a background value of a geological medium natural field, the index variation of adjacent spaces and the index variation of different times to obtain a tracing index characteristic value, a background index characteristic value, a gradient index characteristic value and a time sequence index characteristic value of the single field index; different weights are selected for superposition according to the reliability of the data and the correlation of leakage to obtain a uniform field comprehensive index characteristic value, so that quantitative research and judgment are realized, limited data are fully utilized, interference information is reduced, leakage signals are amplified, and the position of a leakage channel is effectively defined. The method can effectively process the field analysis data, and more remarkably analyze to obtain possible groundwater seepage position information.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to geology and Geotechnical Engineering field, it is mainly used in water conservancy and hydropower etc. and is related to underground water seepage
Engineering.The present invention relates to the prospecting of Analysis of Ground-water Seepage Field and evaluation, particularly reservoir leakage or the burst problem of underground engineering.
Background technology
Field (Field) refers to the distribution situation of object in space, is a kind of special thing characterized with function of spatial position
Matter existence form.Underground water correlated variables information undergoes the special geology effect of regular period, underground water in geologic medium space
The characteristic parameters such as seepage flow, temperature, electrical conductivity, chemical composition and isotope and its change, reflect ground water regime objective reality
Some features and rule, field analysis is one of common method of Study of The Underground water seepage.There is underground using more in engineering
Water Seepage method, underground water temperature Field Analyze Method, ground water chemistry Field Analyze Method, electrical conductivity (or resistivity) Field Analyze Method
With isotope Field Analyze Method etc..
The application general at present of field analysis method is that the representativeness of each field of actual measurement drilling, cavern or underground water dew point refers to
Mark, then makees corresponding index-hole depth distribution curve, index-hatching (axis) distribution curve, or index in prospecting section
On cloud atlas, afterwards according to the shape of curve, the form of cloud atlas draws a circle to approve index abnormal area spatially by rule of thumb, with reference to
Building, geologic feature, judge whether leakage passage.
By 2012, built all kinds of 8.78 ten thousand, the reservoirs in the whole nation, wherein more than the height of dam 15m seat of dam more than 2.5 ten thousand,
The m of total reservoir storage 716,200,000,0003, the 4th in the world is occupied, 10% or so of world's aggregate storage capacity is accounted for.According to another statistics, the end of the year 1999
National three class reservoir dams have 30413, wherein large reservoir 145, account for the 42% of large reservoir sum, medium-sized reservoir
1118, the 42% of medium-sized reservoir sum is accounted for, small reservoir 29150 accounts for the 36% of small reservoir sum.It is above-mentioned to be rated as
One more important factor of three class reservoir dams be because the dam foundation, dam abutment and reservoir leakage problems, on the one hand, national half with
Upper storage reservoir was built up 50~seventies of 20th century, be mostly " while exploration, while design, side construct " middle progress, engineering specification
Low, construction quality is poor, and many seepage control projects do not reach requirement, and on the other hand, by the operation of decades, seepage proof curtain etc. is
Aging, causes seepage to increase so that reservoir dam is in the dangerous state of disease.
Field analysis method is a kind of conventional underground water leakage detection method, and the data processing meanses of current this method are more
It is single direct, usually make the corresponding index in each field-hole depth distribution curve, index-hatching (axis) distribution curve, or refer to
The cloud atlas on prospecting section is marked on, afterwards according to the shape of curve, the form of cloud atlas draws a circle to approve index spatially different by rule of thumb
Normal region, with reference to building, geologic feature, judges whether leakage passage.This data processing, analysis and the process judged
Fail to embody time, the spatial variations information of single index comprehensively, more information can be omitted, data can not be utilized sufficiently；
The judgement of seepage information is still that based on qualitative, experience function influence is big；Different field index value difference is big, fails to realize
Contrast verification between index.
Therefore, still there are many problems in prior art.
The content of the invention
It is existing to solve it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of field standardized analysis method of underground water leakage passage prospecting
The problem of technology is present.
What the present invention was realized in：
The present invention by the index of certain single field according to its relation with leak source, the pass with the natural field background value of geologic medium
System, adjacent space index variation, different time index change be normalized, standardization, obtain single index
Tracing index characteristic value, background index feature value, gradient index feature value and timing indicator characteristic value, each characteristic value can be according to
The reliability of data, the correlation with seepage selects different weights superpositions, obtains unified field overall target characteristic value, real
Show studying and judging for quantification, so as to make full use of limited data, reduced interference information, amplify the signal of seepage, effectively delineation
The position of leakage passage.The index of different fields is also able to be overlapped according to unified standard, realizes contrast and the school of each field
Test.
Specifically, comprising the following steps：
Step 1：Measured data；
The water level at measurement research region water source, temperature, water chemistry, electrical conductivity (or resistivity) and isotope field data first
V, measures the measured value of each field of drilling, cavern or underground water dew point, can be different according to the index changing rule at water source
Time carries out multiplicating measurement.
Step 2：Data interpolating；
The space of field can be divided into one dimensional line (drilling or hatching), two-dimensional surface (section) and three-dimensional geological space.
To one-dimensional datas such as drilling or hatchings, necessary data interpolating is carried out according to measured value, makes field data in elevation
Or the distribution of horizontal direction space uniform, actual measurement typical value data series are (Z, VZ) or (X, VX)。
Planar interpolation is carried out according to a certain field data that different drillings, underground chamber underground water ooze out a little, research is obtained and cuts open
The field distribution data in face, measured data typical value data series are (X, Z, VXZ)。
Step 3：Single field data normalized；
For certain single field index according to its relation with leak source, the relation with the natural field background value of geologic medium,
The index change of adjacent space, the index change of different time is normalized, and the tracing index for obtaining single index is special
Value indicative, background index feature value, gradient index feature value and timing indicator characteristic value.
Step 3.1：The processing of one borehole data normalization；
One borehole is the Typical Representative of one-dimensional field, and what it embodied is the vertical field Spatial Variation along drilling.It is single
Individual borehole data normalized is i.e. to data series (Z, VZ) handled.
1. tracing index
The degree of closeness of a certain depth field actual measurement typical value of tracing index reflection drilling and seepage water source respective fields typical value.
In formula：
FZ1It is the tracing index characteristic value of certain at Z for elevation in drilling, it is 0~1 to calculate obtained result, immeasurable
Guiding principle.0 represents the actual measurement index and seepage difference of water source maximum of drilling, and seepage possibility is small；1 represents the actual measurement index of drilling
Identical with seepage water source, seepage possibility is big；
VZFor drilling in elevation be some index Z at typical value, by drill different depth in measured value enter
The further interpolation of row is obtained；
R is the typical value at seepage water source, is surveyed at seepage water source；
2. background index
The a certain depth field of background index reflection drilling surveys the background of respective fields index at this under typical value and general condition
The intensity of anomaly of value.
In formula：
FZ2For the background index feature value that elevation in drilling is certain at Z, it is 0~1, dimensionless to calculate obtained result.0
The actual measurement field index for representing drilling is identical with the background value under normal condition at this, i.e., without exception, seepage possibility is small；1 represents
The actual measurement index of drilling is maximum with background value difference, there is exception, percolating water possibility is big；
BZFor the background value that elevation in drilling is some index at Z, empirical value can be obtained or taken by theory analysis；
3. graded index
The a certain depth field actual measurement typical value of graded index reflection drilling closes on the measured value of depth respective fields index with drilling
Spatial variability degree.
In formula：
FZ3For the gradient index feature value that elevation in drilling is certain at Z, it is 0~1, dimensionless to calculate obtained result.0
The actual measurement index of drilling is represented to close on elevation unchanged, i.e., without exception, seepage possibility is small；1 represents the actual measurement of drilling
Index is closing on elevation change maximum, there is exception, percolating water possibility is big；
VZ-ΔZFor the typical value that elevation in drilling is some index at Z- Δs Z；
4. timing indicator
The measured value of a certain depth field actual measurement typical value of timing indicator reflection drilling and other period respective fields indexs that drill
Timing variations degree.
In formula：
FZ4For the timing indicator characteristic value that elevation in drilling is certain at Z, it is 0~1, dimensionless to calculate obtained result.0
The actual measurement index for representing drilling is unchanged compared with some period in past, i.e., without exception, seepage possibility is small；1 represents drilling
Actual measurement index changed maximum compared with some period in past, there is exception, percolating water possibility is big；
VZtFor the typical value that elevation in drilling is some index of t at Z；
VZ(t-Δt)For the typical value that elevation in drilling is some index of t- Δs t at Z；
Δ t is the time difference measured twice, general to consider that seepage water source index there occurs the time of significant change.
Step 3.2：The normalized of cross-sectional data；
The data normalization processing of cross-sectional data is i.e. to data series (X, Z, VXZ) handled.
1. tracing index
The degree of closeness of a certain position field typical value of tracing index image study section and seepage water source respective fields typical value.
In formula：
FXZ1For the tracing index characteristic value of certain that coordinate in section is (X, Z) place, it is 0~1 to calculate obtained result,
Dimensionless.The field index of 0 representative profile is maximum with seepage difference of water source, and seepage possibility is small；The field index of 1 representative profile is with oozing
Leakage source is identical, and seepage possibility is big；
VXZFor the typical value of some index that coordinate in section is (X, Z) place, pass through different drillings or ground in section
The actual measurement field data interpolation that underground water oozes out a little in lower cavern is obtained；
R is the typical value at seepage water source, is surveyed at water source；
2. background index
The a certain position field of background index reflection section surveys the background of respective fields index at this under typical value and general condition
The intensity of anomaly of value.
In formula：
FXZ2For the background index feature value that coordinate in section is (X, Z) place, it is 0~1, nothing to calculate obtained result
Dimension.The position field index is identical with the background value under normal condition at this in 0 representative profile, i.e., without exception, seepage possibility
It is small；1 represents the position field index and background value difference maximum, there is exception, percolating water possibility is big；
BXZFor the background value of some index that coordinate in section is (X, Z) place, it can obtain or learn from else's experience by theory analysis
Test value；
3. graded index
Graded index reflects a certain position field typical value of section and the sky of the measured value of close region respective fields index at this
Between intensity of variation.
In formula：
FXZ3For the gradient index feature value that coordinate in section is (X, Z) place, it is 0~1, nothing to calculate obtained result
Dimension.The 0 field index represented at this is unchanged in close region, i.e., without exception, seepage possibility is small；1 represents an index at this
Change maximum in close region, there is exception, percolating water possibility is big；
VX- Δs X, Z- Δ ZFor the typical value that coordinate in section is some index of (X, the Z) place along some direction close region；
4. timing indicator
Timing indicator reflects a certain position field typical value of section and the typical value of other period respective fields indexs of the position
Timing variations degree.
In formula：
FXZ4For the timing indicator characteristic value that coordinate in section is (X, Z) place, it is 0~1, nothing to calculate obtained result
Dimension.0 representative profile at this index it is unchanged compared with some period in past, i.e., without exception, seepage possibility is small；1 represents
Section at this index changed maximum compared with some period in past, there is exception, percolating water possibility is big；
VXZtFor the actual measurement typical value of some index that coordinate in section is (X, Z) place t；
VXZ(t-Δt)For the actual measurement typical value of some index that coordinate in section is (X, Z) place t- Δ ts；
Δ t is the time difference measured twice, general to consider that seepage water source index there occurs the time of significant change；
Step 4：The superposition of single field index feature value；
By above-mentioned tracing index characteristic value, background index feature value, gradient index feature value and timing indicator characteristic value, press
According to the reliability of data, the correlation with seepage selects different weights superpositions, the overall target feature of certain unified
Value.
To one borehole data：
In formula：
FZIt is the overall target characteristic value of certain at Z for elevation in drilling, it is 0~1 to calculate obtained result, immeasurable
Guiding principle.The field index of 0 representative drilling is without exception, and seepage possibility is small；There is exception in the 1 field index for representing drilling, percolating water may
Property is big；
FZiElevation is that the tracing index characteristic value of certain, background index feature value, graded index are special at Z in respectively drilling
Value indicative and timing indicator characteristic value；
αiRespectively tracing index characteristic value, background index feature value, gradient index feature value and timing indicator characteristic value
Weight, according to the reliability of data, the correlation with seepage, between 0~1 choose,If each spy
Value indicative reliability, it is suitable with the correlation of seepage, it can take 1/n；
N is the quantity of the characteristic value classification calculated, tracing index characteristic value, background characteristics value, Gradient Features value and sequential
It is 4 when characteristic value is calculated.
To cross-sectional data：
In formula：
FXZThe field characteristic value at (X, Z) place is set to for section middle position, it is 0~1, dimensionless to calculate obtained result.0 representative is cutd open
The field index in face is without exception, and seepage possibility is small；There is exception in the field index of 1 representative profile, percolating water possibility is big；
FXZiRespectively section middle position is set to the tracing index characteristic value at (X, Z) place, background index feature value, gradient
Index feature value and timing indicator characteristic value.
Step 5：Field index feature value analysis；
To one borehole data, the field comprehensive characteristics value F of different elevations in drilling is drawnZWith elevation Z relation curve, press
Quantitatively dividing seepage according to field comprehensive characteristics value size may large, medium and small hole section；
To cross-sectional data, the field comprehensive characteristics value F of profile drawing diverse locationXZCloud atlas, according to field comprehensive characteristics value size
Quantitatively dividing seepage may large, medium and small region.
Step 6：The comprehensive analysis of each field data；
Repeat to walk respectively for Analysis of Ground-water Seepage Field, temperature field, chemical fields, electrical conductivity (or resistivity) field and isotope field
Suddenly:2, to step 5, draw a circle to approve leakage anomaly hole section or the region of each field respectively, by the abnormal hole section of each field or region carry out contrast and
Mutual school, leak location is finally determined with reference to other geologic surveys and exploration means.
To the leak location of horizontal profile line, the leak location of three dimensions, according to the studies above thinking with similar side
Method is calculated.
The present invention can be by the index of certain single field according to its relation with leak source, with the natural field background value of geologic medium
Relation, the index change of adjacent space, the index change of different time is normalized, and the spike for obtaining single index refers to
Mark characteristic value, background characteristics value, Gradient Features value and temporal aspect value, each characteristic value can according to data reliability, with oozing
The correlation of leakage, selects different weights superpositions, obtains unified field index system, realize studying and judging for quantification, so as to fill
Divide and utilize limited data, reduce interference information, amplify the signal of seepage, effectively draw a circle to approve the position of leakage passage.Different fields
Index be also able to be overlapped according to identical standard, realize the contrast and verification of each field.So that the field of underground water seepage point
Field analysis data can effectively be handled, more notable must analyze obtains by analysis method quantification, systematization by this method
Possible underground water leak location information.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 illustrates the relation curve that ZK43 calculates obtained each index feature value and elevation；
Fig. 2 illustrates the relation curve that ZK43 calculates obtained overall target characteristic value and elevation.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but not as any limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1：
By taking the RESERVIOR LEAKAGE STUDY of some hydropower station as an example, in antiseepage line gallery internal drilling, antiseepage line is measured in summer each
The temperature field field data of drilling, drilling water temperature surveyed according to 1m spacing, storehouse coolant-temperature gage apparently higher than natural groundwater temperature,
With good spike, percolating water has obvious difference with background value.No. ZK43 drilling of selection enters line number according to this method
According to standardization, No. 43 holes aperture elevation 1067.51m, hole depth 198m.
For tracing index, because reservoir capacity is small, diverse location gap is smaller in storehouse, and storehouse water seepage source temperature takes the same day
The average value of reservoir temperature is surveyed, i.e. R is 20.2 DEG C.The tracing index feature of drilling different depth can be calculated according to formula (1)
Value FZ1。
For drilling water temperature background value, gallery buried depth is more than 30m, if the rock mass below gallery is not by seepage storehouse water shadow
Ring, whole year will maintain normal temperature.Minimum 13.1 DEG C of the drilling water temperature measured, positioned at the 0+282m No. 37 1050~1059m that drill
Elevation, can be considered as it the natural groundwater temperature that 1059m elevations are not influenceed by storehouse water.The elevation and temperature of each foot of hole
It is different, each drilling 1059m elevations are calculated to the geothermal gradient of bottom hole, and minimum 3.4 DEG C/100m assign it as survey area
Natural geothermal gradient k0, thus can recover the natural temperature of no storehouse water influence, obtain the natural water temperature background value of different elevations
BZ.Actual measurement water temperature obtains maximum temperature difference for 5.7 DEG C with background value, and the background index of drilling different depth can be calculated according to formula (2)
Characteristic value FZ2。
For graded index, using 1m spacing as Δ Z, calculate successively | VZ-VZ-ΔZ|, maximum is 1.4 DEG C, drilling ladder
Spend index feature value FZ3Calculated according to formula (3).
For timing indicator, drilling the eighties winter actual measurement water temperature was collected, storehouse water has significant low temperature characteristics,
Substantially abnormal different from the summer high temperature of this actual measurement, test point spacing is 5m, and piecewise linear interpolation is carried out according to the measured data,
Obtain the corresponding water temperature in winter of each elevation of this measured water level.Summer in the winter temperature difference of correspondence elevation is 10.1 DEG C to the maximum, according to formula
(4) the timing indicator characteristic value F of drilling different depth can be calculatedZ4。
According to natural background thermograde, the natural background value of foot of hole water temperature is worked as with summer storehouse aqueous phase substantially, it is difficult to
It is storehouse water Leakage Causation or the natural groundwater origin cause of formation to differentiate it, may bring interference to analysis judgement.Calculate the temperature of the drilling
When spending the overall target characteristic value of field, the corresponding weight α of tracing index characteristic value10.1 is taken, background index feature value, gradient refer to
The weight of mark characteristic value and timing indicator characteristic value takes 0.3, is referred to according to the synthesis that formula (9) calculates the temperature field drilled
Mark characteristic value FZ。
Each index feature value and overall target characteristic value F are made respectivelyZWith the relation curve of elevation, such as Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 institutes
Show.FZ>=0.5 is seepage possibility great Qu, and respectively 1030~1045m elevations and 982~989m elevations are interval, and the later stage confirms
It is respectively present vascular and pipeline seepage；0.5 ＞ FZ>=0.3 be the medium area of seepage possibility, respectively 997~1045m,
989~994m and 978~982m elevations are interval, and the later stage confirms that it is respectively peripheral fracture area or the fissurity of pipeline seepage
Blowby area；FZ＜ 0.3 is seepage possibility cell, respectively 994~997m and below 978m elevations, and rock mass is complete, can be not required to
Carry out seepage prospecting and processing.
Certainly, it is the concrete application example of the present invention above, the present invention also has other embodiments, all using equivalent
Replacement or the technical scheme of equivalent transformation formation, all fall within protection domain of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of field standardized analysis method of underground water leakage passage prospecting, it is characterised in that：The index of certain single field is pressed
According to its relation with leak source, the relation with the natural field background value of geologic medium, the index variation of adjacent space, different time
Index change is normalized, standardization, obtains the tracing index characteristic value, background index feature value, gradient of single field
Index feature value and timing indicator characteristic value；Each characteristic value is according to the reliability of data, the correlation with seepage, selects different
Weights are superimposed, and are obtained unified field overall target characteristic value, are realized studying and judging for quantification, so as to make full use of limited number
According to reduction interference information amplifies the position of the signal of seepage, effectively delineation leakage passage.
2. the field standardized analysis method of underground water leakage passage prospecting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that including
Following steps：
Step 1：Measured data；
Step 2：Data interpolating；
Step 3：Single field data normalized；
Step 4：The superposition of single field index feature value；
Step 5：Field index feature value analysis；
Step 6：The comprehensive analysis of many field datas.
3. the field standardized analysis method of underground water leakage passage prospecting according to claim 2, it is characterised in that step 3
Including：
Step 3.1：The processing of one borehole (exploration line) data normalization；
Step 3.2：The normalized of cross-sectional data.
4. the field standardized analysis method of underground water leakage passage prospecting according to claim 3, it is characterised in that step 1
Described in measured data include：Water level, temperature, water chemistry, electrical conductivity or the resistivity and isotope at measurement research region water source
Field data V, measures the measured value of each field of drilling, cavern or underground water dew point.
5. the field standardized analysis method of underground water leakage passage prospecting according to claim 3, it is characterised in that step 2
Described in data interpolating include：To one-dimensional data, data interpolating is carried out according to measured value, makes field data in elevation or horizontal direction
Space uniform is distributed, and actual measurement typical value data series are (Z, VZ) or (X, VX)；Oozed according to different drillings, underground chamber underground water
The a certain field data gone out a little carries out planar interpolation, obtains studying the field distribution data of section, measured data typical value data series
For (X, Z, VXZ)。
6. the field standardized analysis method of underground water leakage passage prospecting according to claim 5, it is characterised in that step 3
In single field data normalized refer to：For certain single field index according to its relation with leak source, with geologic medium
The relation of natural field background value, the index change of adjacent space, the index change of different time is normalized, and obtains list
Tracing index characteristic value, background index feature value, gradient index feature value and the timing indicator characteristic value of one index.
7. the field standardized analysis method of underground water leakage passage prospecting according to claim 6, it is characterised in that step
The processing of one borehole data normalization is to data series (Z, V described in 3.1Z) handled, including：
1) tracing index：
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In formula：
FZ1It is the tracing index characteristic value of certain at Z for elevation in drilling, it is 0~1, dimensionless to calculate obtained result；0 generation
The actual measurement index of table drilling is maximum with seepage difference of water source, and seepage possibility is small；1 represents the actual measurement index and seepage of drilling
Water source is identical, and seepage possibility is big；
VZFor drilling in elevation be some index Z at typical value, by drill different depth in measured value enter traveling one
Step interpolation is obtained；
R is the typical value at seepage water source, is surveyed at seepage water source；
2) background index：
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<mn>2</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
In formula：
FZ2For the background index feature value that elevation in drilling is certain at Z, it is 0~1, dimensionless to calculate obtained result；0 represents
The actual measurement field index of drilling is identical with the background value under normal condition at this, i.e., without exception, seepage possibility is small；1 represents drilling
Actual measurement index it is maximum with background value difference, there is exception, percolating water possibility is big；
BZFor the background value that elevation in drilling is some index at Z, empirical value can be obtained or taken by theory analysis；
3) graded index：
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>F</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>Z</mi>
<mn>3</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mo>|</mo>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>V</mi>
<mi>Z</mi>
</msub>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mi>V</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>Z</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>Z</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mo>|</mo>
</mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mo>|</mo>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>V</mi>
<mi>Z</mi>
</msub>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mi>V</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>Z</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>Z</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mo>|</mo>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mi>m</mi>
<mi>a</mi>
<mi>x</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mfrac>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>3</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
In formula：
FZ3For the gradient index feature value that elevation in drilling is certain at Z, it is 0~1, dimensionless to calculate obtained result；0 represents
The actual measurement of drilling index is to close on elevation unchanged, i.e., without exception, seepage possibility is small；1 represents the actual measurement index of drilling
Closing on, elevation change is maximum, there is exception, percolating water possibility is big；
VZ-ΔZFor the typical value that elevation in drilling is some index at Z- Δs Z；
4) timing indicator：
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>F</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>Z</mi>
<mn>4</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mo>|</mo>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>V</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>Z</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mi>V</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>Z</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mo>|</mo>
</mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mo>|</mo>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>V</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>Z</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mi>V</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>Z</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mo>|</mo>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mi>m</mi>
<mi>a</mi>
<mi>x</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mfrac>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>4</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
In formula：
FZ4For the timing indicator characteristic value that elevation in drilling is certain at Z, it is 0~1, dimensionless to calculate obtained result；0 represents
The actual measurement index of drilling is unchanged compared with some period in past, i.e., without exception, seepage possibility is small；1 represents the reality of drilling
Survey field index and changed maximum compared with some period in past, there is exception, percolating water possibility is big；
VZtFor the typical value that elevation in drilling is some index of t at Z；
VZ(t-Δt)For the typical value that elevation in drilling is some index of t- Δs t at Z；
Δ t is the time difference measured twice, general to consider that seepage water source index there occurs the time of significant change.
8. the field standardized analysis method of underground water leakage passage prospecting according to claim 6, it is characterised in that step
The normalized of cross-sectional data described in 3.2 is to data series (X, Z, VXZ) handled, including：
1) tracing index：
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>F</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>X</mi>
<mi>Z</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>-</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mo>|</mo>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>V</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>X</mi>
<mi>Z</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>R</mi>
</mrow>
<mo>|</mo>
</mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mo>|</mo>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>V</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>X</mi>
<mi>Z</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>R</mi>
</mrow>
<mo>|</mo>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mi>m</mi>
<mi>a</mi>
<mi>x</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mfrac>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>5</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
In formula：
FXZ1For the tracing index characteristic value of certain that coordinate in section is (X, Z) place, it is 0~1 to calculate obtained result, immeasurable
Guiding principle；The field index of 0 representative profile is maximum with seepage difference of water source, and seepage possibility is small；The field index and percolating water of 1 representative profile
Source is identical, and seepage possibility is big；
VXZFor the typical value of some index that coordinate in section is (X, Z) place, pass through different drillings or Underground Tunnels in section
The actual measurement field data interpolation that indoor underground water oozes out a little is obtained；
R is the typical value at seepage water source, is surveyed at water source；
2) background index：
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>F</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>X</mi>
<mi>Z</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mo>|</mo>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>V</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>X</mi>
<mi>Z</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mi>B</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>X</mi>
<mi>Z</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mo>|</mo>
</mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mo>|</mo>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>V</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>X</mi>
<mi>Z</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mi>B</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>X</mi>
<mi>Z</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mo>|</mo>
</mrow>
<mi>max</mi>
</msub>
</mfrac>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>6</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
In formula：
FXZ2For the background index feature value that coordinate in section is (X, Z) place, it is 0~1, dimensionless to calculate obtained result；
The position field index is identical with the background value under normal condition at this in 0 representative profile, i.e., without exception, and seepage possibility is small；1 generation
The table position field index is maximum with background value difference, there is exception, percolating water possibility is big；
BXZFor the background value of some index that coordinate in section is (X, Z) place, empirical value can be obtained or taken by theory analysis；
3) graded index：
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>F</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>X</mi>
<mi>Z</mi>
<mn>3</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mo>|</mo>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>V</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>X</mi>
<mi>Z</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mi>V</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>X</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>X</mi>
<mo>,</mo>
<mi>Z</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>Z</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mo>|</mo>
</mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mo>|</mo>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>V</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>X</mi>
<mi>Z</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mi>V</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>X</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>X</mi>
<mo>,</mo>
<mi>Z</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>Z</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mo>|</mo>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mi>m</mi>
<mi>a</mi>
<mi>x</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mfrac>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>7</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
In formula：
FXZ3For the gradient index feature value that coordinate in section is (X, Z) place, it is 0~1, dimensionless to calculate obtained result；
The 0 field index represented at this is unchanged in close region, i.e., without exception, seepage possibility is small；1, which represents an index at this, is closing on
Regional change is maximum, there is exception, percolating water possibility is big；
VX-ΔX,Z-ΔZFor the typical value that coordinate in section is some index of (X, the Z) place along some direction close region；
4) timing indicator：
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>F</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>X</mi>
<mi>Z</mi>
<mn>4</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mo>|</mo>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>V</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>X</mi>
<mi>Z</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mi>V</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>X</mi>
<mi>Z</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mo>|</mo>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mi>V</mi>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mo>|</mo>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow></mrow>
<mrow>
<mi>X</mi>
<mi>Z</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mi>V</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>X</mi>
<mi>Z</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mo>|</mo>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mi>m</mi>
<mi>a</mi>
<mi>x</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>8</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
In formula：
FXZ4For the timing indicator characteristic value that coordinate in section is (X, Z) place, it is 0~1, dimensionless to calculate obtained result；
0 representative profile at this index it is unchanged compared with some period in past, i.e., without exception, seepage possibility is small；1 representative profile should
Place's field index changed maximum compared with some period in past, there is exception, percolating water possibility is big；
VXZtFor the actual measurement typical value of some index that coordinate in section is (X, Z) place t；
VXZ(t-Δt)For the actual measurement typical value of some index that coordinate in section is (X, Z) place t- Δ ts；
Δ t is the time difference measured twice.
9. the field standardized analysis method of the underground water leakage passage prospecting according to claim 7 or 8, it is characterised in that：
By obtained tracing index characteristic value, background index feature value, gradient index feature value and timing indicator characteristic value, according to data
Reliability, the correlation with seepage selects different weights superpositions, the overall target characteristic value of certain unified；
To one borehole data：
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>F</mi>
<mi>Z</mi>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<msubsup>
<mi>&Sigma;</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>i</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
<mi>n</mi>
</msubsup>
<msub>
<mi>&alpha;</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>F</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>Z</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mi>n</mi>
</mfrac>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>9</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
In formula：
FZIt is the overall target characteristic value of certain at Z for elevation in drilling, it is 0~1, dimensionless to calculate obtained result；0 generation
The field index of table drilling is without exception, and seepage possibility is small；There is exception in the 1 field index for representing drilling, percolating water possibility is big；
FZiElevation is the tracing index characteristic value of certain, background index feature value, gradient index feature value at Z in respectively drilling
With timing indicator characteristic value；
αiThe respectively power of tracing index characteristic value, background index feature value, gradient index feature value and timing indicator characteristic value
Weight, according to the reliability of data, the correlation with seepage is chosen between 0~1,If each characteristic value
Reliability, it is suitable with the correlation of seepage, then take 1/n；
N is the quantity of the characteristic value classification calculated, tracing index characteristic value, background characteristics value, Gradient Features value and temporal aspect
It is 4 when value is calculated.
To cross-sectional data：
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>F</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>X</mi>
<mi>Z</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<msubsup>
<mi>&Sigma;</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>i</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
<mi>n</mi>
</msubsup>
<msub>
<mi>&alpha;</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>F</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>X</mi>
<mi>Z</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mi>n</mi>
</mfrac>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>10</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
In formula：
FXZThe field characteristic value at (X, Z) place is set to for section middle position, it is 0~1, dimensionless to calculate obtained result；0 representative profile
Field index is without exception, and seepage possibility is small；There is exception in the field index of 1 representative profile, percolating water possibility is big；
FXZiRespectively section middle position is set to the tracing index characteristic value at (X, Z) place, background index feature value, graded index
Characteristic value and timing indicator characteristic value.
10. the field standardized analysis method of underground water leakage passage prospecting according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：
Step 5 includes：To one borehole data, the field comprehensive characteristics value F of different elevations in drilling is drawnZRelation with elevation Z is bent
Line, quantitatively dividing seepage according to field comprehensive characteristics value size may large, medium and small hole section；To cross-sectional data, profile drawing difference position
The field comprehensive characteristics value F putXZCloud atlas, quantitatively dividing seepage according to field comprehensive characteristics value size may large, medium and small region；
Step 6 includes：Weighed respectively for Analysis of Ground-water Seepage Field, temperature field, chemical fields, electrical conductivity or resistivity field and isotope
Multiple step:2, to step 5, draw a circle to approve leakage anomaly hole section or the region of each field respectively, by the abnormal hole section of each field or region progress pair
Than with mutual school, finally determine leak location with reference to other geologic surveys and exploration means.
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| CN109798450A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-05-24 | 淮阴工学院 | A kind of leakage detection method of carbon quantum dot tracer multi-water resources point |
| CN113050173A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-06-29 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Electric method test method for slag storage leakage passage port |
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| CN113050173A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-06-29 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Electric method test method for slag storage leakage passage port |
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Application publication date: 20171020 Assignee: China power construction ecological environment design and Research Co.,Ltd. Assignor: POWERCHINA GUIYANG ENGINEERING CORPORATION LIMITED|CHINA HYDROPOWER CONSULTING GROUP GUIYANG SURVEY AND DESIGN INSTITUTE OF GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING Co.,Ltd. Contract record no.: X2022520000008 Denomination of invention: A standardized field analysis method for groundwater leakage channel investigation Granted publication date: 20190402 License type: Common License Record date: 20220408 Application publication date: 20171020 Assignee: China water resources and hydropower construction engineering consulting Guiyang Co.,Ltd. Assignor: POWERCHINA GUIYANG ENGINEERING CORPORATION LIMITED|CHINA HYDROPOWER CONSULTING GROUP GUIYANG SURVEY AND DESIGN INSTITUTE OF GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING Co.,Ltd. Contract record no.: X2022520000007 Denomination of invention: A standardized field analysis method for groundwater leakage channel investigation Granted publication date: 20190402 License type: Common License Record date: 20220408 |
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