CN107268445A - Large-span cast-in-situ concrete box girder post-tension of pre-stress construction under complex environment - Google Patents
Large-span cast-in-situ concrete box girder post-tension of pre-stress construction under complex environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN107268445A CN107268445A CN201710583691.6A CN201710583691A CN107268445A CN 107268445 A CN107268445 A CN 107268445A CN 201710583691 A CN201710583691 A CN 201710583691A CN 107268445 A CN107268445 A CN 107268445A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D21/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for erecting or assembling bridges
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D2/00—Bridges characterised by the cross-section of their bearing spanning structure
- E01D2/04—Bridges characterised by the cross-section of their bearing spanning structure of the box-girder type
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D2101/00—Material constitution of bridges
- E01D2101/20—Concrete, stone or stone-like material
- E01D2101/24—Concrete
- E01D2101/26—Concrete reinforced
- E01D2101/28—Concrete reinforced prestressed
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- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses large-span cast-in-situ concrete box girder post-tension of pre-stress construction under a kind of complex environment, comprise the following steps：Wide connection reaches setting-out → drilling → lashing → intelligent tensioning → pipeline pneumatic mortar → sealing off and covering anchorage.The present invention changes artificial pressure fuel pump meter reading control stretching force, really realizes tensioning " accurate, stably, automatic, safe efficient "；Intelligent operation and automatic monitoring are realized, tension data automatic report generation, data are detailed, it is impossible to change, allow owner, management to trust.The service life of structures is improved, economic benefit is improved.Bridge prestress construction quality is the critical process for ensureing bridge structure safe and durability, is the lifeline of structure safety.Ensure prestressed effective application by automation, intelligent means and be in the milk closely knit, so that the security and durability of bridge structure are improved, with very high social benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of bridge construction, 120M large-span cast-in-situ concrete box girders are pre- under specially a kind of complex environment
Stress post-stretching construction.
Background technology
Municipal bridge is the important infrastructure in city, in recent years with the fast development of China's infrastructure cause,
Particularly municipal science of bridge building as the Urban Integrated Transport Hub person that is constantly subjected to urban planning and construction great attention.
In existing bridge construction process, cast-in-place prestress box beam of building is a kind of relatively conventional bridge member, cast-in-place
Prestress box beam because its good appearance, bearing capacity is big, rigidity is big the features such as, in the application of urban road overpass and highway
It is more and more extensive；The need for urban development, the construction of the bridge of large span is also more and more extensive, especially in complex environment
The pouring concrete box beam of lower construction 120m large spans, is the work of a challenge.
Therefore it provides one kind can be in large-span cast-in-situ concrete box girder construction engineering method under complex environment, being one is worth
The problem of research.
The content of the invention
The present invention is applied to frame structure, shear wall structure, frame to solve problem of the prior art there is provided one kind
The girder plate prestress such as frame shear wall structure are constructed, especially the complicated ring of the larger building girder plate prestress construction system of span
Large-span cast-in-situ concrete box girder post-tension of pre-stress construction under border.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this：
Large-span cast-in-situ concrete box girder post-tension of pre-stress construction, comprises the following steps under complex environment：Wide connection, which reaches, to be put
Sample → drilling → lashing → intelligent tensioning → pipeline pneumatic mortar → sealing off and covering anchorage；
Described is wide up to setting-out：The box girder pre-stressed muscle position of software setting-out, the setting-out of application software entirety, row are reached by wide connection
Version, according to software achievement, various presstressed reinforcing steel patterns, specification, size and position in drawing, is applied according to country's design
Work code requirement draws installation diagram, and foundation is manufactured as teams and groups；
When described drilling refers to the regular reinforcement of binding structural member, while carrying out presstressed reinforcing steel piping laying；Used according to design
Plastic film capicitor, presses Design Orientation in nonprestressed reinforcement cage, the basic forming in its duct is required to include by bellows：Duct
Size positions are correct, and duct will be smoothed out, and joint not spillage, termination embedded board wants vertical channel center；
Described plastic film capicitor is installed by the coordinate position of design code, and welds intersecting parallels spacer bar, during positioning
It is firm with stirrup spot welding, it is ensured that not offset in lashing and concreting, non-rising；Pipeline can be moved suitably when being collided with reinforcing bar
Distributing bar, must not change the design coordinate position of pipeline, but thickness of concrete cover should give guarantee；Pipeline straightway is determined
Position reinforcing bar at intervals of 50cm to set one group, and curved section is encrypted to mono- group of 10cm, and ensures that bellows is smoother；Prestress pipe exists
Flat curved segment, which is set, prevents collapsing reinforcing bar, and one group is set every 10cm, also serves as positioning bar, and way is to use the reinforcement fabrication of diameter phi 10 into U
Shape is connected integral with web reinforcement；Using big one-level, directly similar bellows is done for described corrugated pipe connector director degree connection
Junction block, 5-7 times of a length of connected pipe internal diameter of junction block and not less than 20cm；Joint adhesive tape side swathes hard-pressed bale bundle
Firmly, it is to avoid cement mortar penetrates into during cast concrete results in blockage in pipe；All pipelines set exhaust extravasating hole on each summit
And in each minimum point set osculum when needing, exhaust extravasating hole and osculum use φ 25mm, PPR high tensile flexible plastic tubes,
Connection between pipeline uses plastic construction fastener, and length should be enough beyond pipeline deriving structure thing, for ease of fixed lower mouth
Increase anchor plate with bellows junction.
The installation of described anchor plate, comprises the following steps：1）Removed behind beam end anchor plate and spiral steel is installed on request
Beyond muscle, also need to set up and prevent collapsing reinforced mesh, be connected using the reinforcement fabrication of diameter phi 16 into groined type mesh sheet with web reinforcement,
Away from being set together according to 5cm, 5 roads are set altogether；2）The anchor plate of correspondence model and specification is respectively mounted in fixing end and stretching end
And spiral bar, and anchor plate horn mouth bottom and bellows are connected firmly, anchor plate will be firmly installed in template；Make
Backing plate and the strict centering in duct, and it is vertical with cell end portion, it must not misplace；Spiral bar and stiffener will be strictly by designs under anchor
It is required that arrangement, horn mouth will be connected smooth-going with corrugated conduit, seal；Mud jacking hole on anchor plate will properly be blocked, prevent from pouring
Spillage plug-hole when noting concrete.When anchor plate is installed, for the anchorage of two ends tensioning, mud jacking end slurry-feeding hole should be noted downwards, row
Upwards, P anchors, H anchors for tensioned at one end should be using stretching ends as slurry-feeding hole, and downwards to ensure the closely knit of mud jacking for stomata.
Described lashing includes steel wire process and compiles beam and lashing process；
Described steel wire process is 1）The presentation quality of steel strand wires is first checked for before blanking, fracture, crack not may be present
Degree of impairment, must not be used；2）Steel wire should clean place that is flat, anhydrous and disclosure satisfy that cutting length needs,
Underlay colour bar cloth, and lay a long lumps of wood every 2~3m on colour bar cloth cloth；Steel strand wires directly must not be contacted soil in order to avoid
Get rusty, must not also be stretched the meaning on concrete surface, wear and tear steel strand wires；3）Steel strand wires are coiled to the steel pipe for being placed on making during blanking
In frame, progressively extracted out from center is coiled, to prevent from steel strand wires disorder and eject to hurt sb.'s feelings；According to the computational length of steel strand wires, by steel
Twisted wire cut ends are first tightened with iron wire, are cut using abrasive wheel cutting machine, its have cutting speed fast, efficiency high, it is easy to operate with
And cut surface it is neat the characteristics of, be greatly improved operating efficiency, labor intensity reduced, with good economic benefit.Steel strand wires
The blanking time should be controlled according to field condition, the preferably complete horse back lashing of steel wire, otherwise will produce steel strand wires
Unnecessary corrosion.（Forbid using electric welding or oxy-arc cutting, high temperature changes the physical property of steel strand wires, causes prestressing force to damage
Lose）；
Described volume beam and lashing process include 1）Presstressed reinforcing steel should check anchor plate and duct, the position of anchor plate before lashing
Should be accurate；Unimpeded, the anhydrous and other debris of duct planted agent；Occur blocking duct phenomenon, it is necessary to which the dredging that takes measures can be carried out.
Lower good steel strand wires are put on the table, duct is integrally penetrated according to design compilation bunchy, must make steel strand wires will when compiling beam
Make in order, be parallel to each other by root, must not wind, be tightened from the middle to both ends every 1~1.5m with iron wire, and to steel beam numbering, extension
Board, stacks neat in case using by class；2）Steel strand wires termination is made tapered and wrapped up using sleeve, one is penetrated in pipeline
Straw line, is drawn steel wire using straw line, and the steel wire other end is towed the head with steel strand wires and connected together, with elevator machine travel by steel strand wires
Pull out；Need conscientiously to check bellows whether there is breakage after lashing, when there is breakage, then intercept one section of bellows and wrapped up simultaneously in damaged portion
It is outer to twine adhesive tape wrapping firmly, to prevent pouring spillage during concrete；（Using the method for hoist engine whole strand pricking, construction can be preferably met
Demand, reaches the effect of time and labour saving）.
Described tensioning is intelligent tensioning, including prestressing force intelligent tensioning instrument, intelligent jack, the pen for carrying wireless network card
Remember this computer and high-pressure oil pipe；It is using stress as Con trolling index, and elongation error passes through sensing technology as check and correction index, system
Gather every tensioning equipment（Jack）Operating pressure and steel strand wires stretch value（Containing amount of recovery）Etc. data, in real time by data
It is transferred to system host and carries out analysis judgement, simultaneous tension equipment（Pumping plant）Reception system is instructed, and realizes stretching force and loading speed
Degree accurate control in real time.System sends instruction, each machinery of every equipment of Synchronization Control always according to pre-set programs by main frame
Action, is automatically performed whole stretching process.
Described pipeline pneumatic mortar comprises the following steps：1）, preparation before mud jacking；2）, cement mortar mixing；3）, vacuum it is auxiliary
Pressing aid is starched；
4）, cement mortar examine；5）, record.
Positive beneficial effect：The application of construction of cast-in-place box girders utilizing prestressing force post tensioning method construction of the present invention is applied to large span, again
Structure type building or the bridges such as load, expand the application of reinforced concrete structure.Change artificial pressure fuel pump table
Reading controls stretching force, technological deficiency such as stretching force and manometric calibrated error and pressure that manual measurement control elongation is present
Power meter reading error is larger, pressure gauge reading is unstable, manual pressure control operation error is difficult to accurately control stretching force, people greatly
Work measurement stretch value error in reading is big, the artificial tensioning record, authenticity filled in is difficult to ensure that etc., really realize tensioning " it is accurate,
It is stable, automatic, safe efficient "；Intelligent operation and automatic monitoring are realized, tension data automatic report generation, data are detailed,
It can not change, allow owner, management to trust.Prevent the adverse effect of human factor in tensioning construction, be advantageously implemented rule
Generalized is constructed；Intellectuality construction, dynamic management and automatic monitoring, can in time pinpoint the problems, solve in time, not stay sequelae, carry
High construction precision, hence it is evident that extend the service life of bridge, thus save the later stage reinforce, maintenance, the expense removed, economy effect
It is beneficial obvious.Crack will not prematurely occur, crack resistance is high, it is ensured that crack is occurred without under working load, is fundamentally solved
Crack problem, reduces the maintenance cost in later stage；Steel and concrete are rationally and effectively utilized, so as to greatly save steel
Material, mitigate dead load, it is more general than reinforced concrete structure can saving steel 30~50%, mitigate dead load left up to 30%
The right side, it is more economical especially in large span load-carrying members.Labour is saved, stretching construction work efficiency is improved relative to non intelligent construction
More than 5 times, labour cost consumption reduces 2/3, hence it is evident that improves engineering construction progress, reduces construction cost and improve and finish
The stress performance of structure or component（Such as cracking resistance, deformation, shearing resistance）, the performance such as durability, antifatigue and antidetonation that improves structure,
The service life of structures is improved, economic benefit is improved.Bridge prestress construction quality be ensure bridge structure safe and
The critical process of durability, is the lifeline of structure safety.Ensure prestressed effectively to apply by automation, intelligent means
Plus and be in the milk it is closely knit, so that the security and durability of bridge structure are improved, with very high social benefit.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described further：
Large-span cast-in-situ concrete box girder post-tension of pre-stress construction, comprises the following steps under complex environment：Wide connection, which reaches, to be put
Sample → drilling → lashing → intelligent tensioning → pipeline pneumatic mortar → sealing off and covering anchorage；
Described is wide up to setting-out：The box girder pre-stressed muscle position of software setting-out, the setting-out of application software entirety, row are reached by wide connection
Version, according to software achievement, various presstressed reinforcing steel patterns, specification, size and position in drawing, is applied according to country's design
Work code requirement draws installation diagram, and foundation is manufactured as teams and groups；
When described drilling refers to the regular reinforcement of binding structural member, while carrying out presstressed reinforcing steel piping laying；Used according to design
Plastic film capicitor, presses Design Orientation in nonprestressed reinforcement cage, the basic forming in its duct is required to include by bellows：Duct
Size positions are correct, and duct will be smoothed out, and joint not spillage, termination embedded board wants vertical channel center；
Described plastic film capicitor is installed by the coordinate position of design code, and welds intersecting parallels spacer bar, during positioning
It is firm with stirrup spot welding, it is ensured that not offset in lashing and concreting, non-rising；Pipeline can be moved suitably when being collided with reinforcing bar
Distributing bar, must not change the design coordinate position of pipeline, but thickness of concrete cover should give guarantee；Pipeline straightway is determined
Position reinforcing bar at intervals of 50cm to set one group, and curved section is encrypted to mono- group of 10cm, and ensures that bellows is smoother；Prestress pipe exists
Flat curved segment, which is set, prevents collapsing reinforcing bar, and one group is set every 10cm, also serves as positioning bar, and way is to use the reinforcement fabrication of diameter phi 10 into U
Shape is connected integral with web reinforcement；Using big one-level, directly similar bellows is done for described corrugated pipe connector director degree connection
Junction block, 5-7 times of a length of connected pipe internal diameter of junction block and not less than 20cm；Joint adhesive tape side swathes hard-pressed bale bundle
Firmly, it is to avoid cement mortar penetrates into during cast concrete results in blockage in pipe；All pipelines set exhaust extravasating hole on each summit
And in each minimum point set osculum when needing, exhaust extravasating hole and osculum use φ 25mm, PPR high tensile flexible plastic tubes,
Connection between pipeline uses plastic construction fastener, and length should be enough beyond pipeline deriving structure thing, for ease of fixed lower mouth
Increase anchor plate with bellows junction.
The installation of described anchor plate, comprises the following steps：1）Removed behind beam end anchor plate and spiral steel is installed on request
Beyond muscle, also need to set up and prevent collapsing reinforced mesh, be connected using the reinforcement fabrication of diameter phi 16 into groined type mesh sheet with web reinforcement,
Away from being set together according to 5cm, 5 roads are set altogether；2）The anchor plate of correspondence model and specification is respectively mounted in fixing end and stretching end
And spiral bar, and anchor plate horn mouth bottom and bellows are connected firmly, anchor plate will be firmly installed in template；Make
Backing plate and the strict centering in duct, and it is vertical with cell end portion, it must not misplace；Spiral bar and stiffener will be strictly by designs under anchor
It is required that arrangement, horn mouth will be connected smooth-going with corrugated conduit, seal；Mud jacking hole on anchor plate will properly be blocked, prevent from pouring
Spillage plug-hole when noting concrete.When anchor plate is installed, for the anchorage of two ends tensioning, mud jacking end slurry-feeding hole should be noted downwards, row
Upwards, P anchors, H anchors for tensioned at one end should be using stretching ends as slurry-feeding hole, and downwards to ensure the closely knit of mud jacking for stomata.
Described lashing includes steel wire process and compiles beam and lashing process；
Described steel wire process is 1）The presentation quality of steel strand wires is first checked for before blanking, fracture, crack not may be present
Degree of impairment, must not be used；2）Steel wire should clean place that is flat, anhydrous and disclosure satisfy that cutting length needs,
Underlay colour bar cloth, and lay a long lumps of wood every 2~3m on colour bar cloth cloth；Steel strand wires directly must not be contacted soil in order to avoid
Get rusty, must not also be stretched the meaning on concrete surface, wear and tear steel strand wires；3）Steel strand wires are coiled to the steel pipe for being placed on making during blanking
In frame, progressively extracted out from center is coiled, to prevent from steel strand wires disorder and eject to hurt sb.'s feelings；According to the computational length of steel strand wires, by steel
Twisted wire cut ends are first tightened with iron wire, are cut using abrasive wheel cutting machine, its have cutting speed fast, efficiency high, it is easy to operate with
And cut surface it is neat the characteristics of, be greatly improved operating efficiency, labor intensity reduced, with good economic benefit.Steel strand wires
The blanking time should be controlled according to field condition, the preferably complete horse back lashing of steel wire, otherwise will produce steel strand wires
Unnecessary corrosion.（Forbid using electric welding or oxy-arc cutting, high temperature changes the physical property of steel strand wires, causes prestressing force to damage
Lose）；
Described volume beam and lashing process include 1）Presstressed reinforcing steel should check anchor plate and duct, the position of anchor plate before lashing
Should be accurate；Unimpeded, the anhydrous and other debris of duct planted agent；Occur blocking duct phenomenon, it is necessary to which the dredging that takes measures can be carried out.
Lower good steel strand wires are put on the table, duct is integrally penetrated according to design compilation bunchy, must make steel strand wires will when compiling beam
Make in order, be parallel to each other by root, must not wind, be tightened from the middle to both ends every 1~1.5m with iron wire, and to steel beam numbering, extension
Board, stacks neat in case using by class；2）Steel strand wires termination is made tapered and wrapped up using sleeve, one is penetrated in pipeline
Straw line, is drawn steel wire using straw line, and the steel wire other end is towed the head with steel strand wires and connected together, with elevator machine travel by steel strand wires
Pull out；Need conscientiously to check bellows whether there is breakage after lashing, when there is breakage, then intercept one section of bellows and wrapped up simultaneously in damaged portion
It is outer to twine adhesive tape wrapping firmly, to prevent pouring spillage during concrete；（Using the method for hoist engine whole strand pricking, construction can be preferably met
Demand, reaches the effect of time and labour saving）.
Described tensioning is intelligent tensioning, including prestressing force intelligent tensioning instrument, intelligent jack, the pen for carrying wireless network card
Remember this computer and high-pressure oil pipe；It is using stress as Con trolling index, and elongation error passes through sensing technology as check and correction index, system
Gather every tensioning equipment（Jack）Operating pressure and steel strand wires stretch value（Containing amount of recovery）Etc. data, in real time by data
It is transferred to system host and carries out analysis judgement, simultaneous tension equipment（Pumping plant）Reception system is instructed, and realizes stretching force and loading speed
Degree accurate control in real time.System sends instruction, each machinery of every equipment of Synchronization Control always according to pre-set programs by main frame
Action, is automatically performed whole stretching process.
Described pipeline pneumatic mortar comprises the following steps：1）, preparation before mud jacking；2）, cement mortar mixing；3）, vacuum it is auxiliary
Pressing aid is starched；
4）, cement mortar examine；5）, record.
Prestressing force intelligent tensioning instrument is super-pressure PTO, tensioning equipment of its effect mainly for beam body
（Jack）Reliable, stable lifting power is provided, with functions such as lifting, pressurize, backhauls.The equipment can be realized accurately
The order of program setting, the reliable interaction of data communication is ensured by wireless communication interface.
Intelligent jack uses new type sealing element, and high pressure self-reinforcing oil cylinder intensity optimizes jack structure size, is ensureing
Jack stroke, on the premise of oil pressure is constant, weight mitigates 30%~45% than conventional centre-hole jack, makes the weight of jack
Measure power ratio and reach 0.6：1, while jack length and external diameter reduce, the length of reserved steel strand wires can be reduced, can extensive use
In the pre-stress construction of post stretching.Itself subsidiary electronic displacement sensor, the test for jack inner casing elongation.With essence
The features such as degree is high, error is small, range is big, movement is smoothed out；Itself subsidiary high-precision pressure sensor, can accurately measure jack defeated
The force value gone out；Equipment wireless connection is using LAN WIFI connection computers and intelligent tensioning instrument, the nothing carried using computer
Gauze card, convenient to use, dependable performance.Install after limiting plate, lift by crane jack.Jack must use steel wire rope
Lift by crane to ensure safety.After lifting, moveable anchor, tool clamping piece are installed.The installation of tool clamping piece has to comply with《Highway bridge and culvert
Construction technique normalizing》（JTG/T F50-2011）Related request.Tool clamping piece is not acted upon or not fully functional can all caused
Final elongation bigger error.Then the data wire of tensioning instrument and jack is connected, the hole of tensioning one is finished, and must not pull the data
Line is used for jack for moving.In order that steel strand wires uniform force, should compile lashing technique using comb, next install instrument day
Line.
Stretching construction intelligent operation main points：1）Control software returns to main interface, checks the status bar in the software lower left corner, display
Normally, correctly, " the 1st time " tensioning is SBR to " the tensioning sequence number " in the upper right corner.2）Check again for determining the jack at two ends
Install correct, then start terminal device（Press " startup " button）, starting device, motor operating sound is normal, smooth-going.Instrument
Preheat within 5 minutes；When temperature is less than 10 degrees Celsius, preheat within 15~30 minutes.3）Click on " starting for control software
Draw " button, " the 1st stretching construction " starts, notices whether observed pressure value on computers and shift value are normal, have exception immediately
Click on " pause tensioning " and carry out coherence check.Computer is forbidden to run other programs during stretching construction, during operating personnel
Concern correlation values are carved, forbid to leave console.4）The work of terminal device and jack should be kept a close eye in stretching process
Situation, takes care, and clicks " pause tensioning " immediately if any abnormal conditions, presses tensioning instrument " parking is indicated " button, stops opening
Draw, exclude after abnormal conditions, tensioning can be continued.5）After the completion of each hole tensioning, equipment moves back top automatically, preserves data, and certainly
Dynamic to jump to next tensioning step, before next tensioning step starts, computer operator should check again for anchorage, thousand
Whether jin top, limiting plate are correct nested, and whether data connecting line loosens, is extruded, and whether jack oppresses bar reinforcement etc..
Anchoring：1st, builder's tonnage is stretched on request to hold after lotus 2min, when control stress for prestressing reaches stabilization, and confirm
Elongation meets and can anchored after design requirement, removes and removes tensioning equipment.Anchoring rear jaw top surface should be concordant, its phase
Dislocation between mutually is not preferably greater than 2mm, and exposes the height outside anchorage and not should be greater than 4mm.Anchoring is finished after examining confirmation qualified
The unnecessary presstressed reinforcing steel of cutting broken end, should use abrasive cutoff saw, forbid to be cut using electric arc, while anchor must not be damaged during cutting
Tool；The protruded length of presstressed reinforcing steel after cutting is no less than 30mm, and no less than 1.5 times presstressed reinforcing steel diameters.Anchorage should
Using end-blocking concrete protective, should take prevents the measure of corrosion.
Preparation before pipeline pneumatic mortar 1, mud jacking：1）Should be added water carry out trial in field laboratory to press mortar, various
The weighing of material should be accurate to ± 1%, and its property indices of the slurries through trial all should be met《Highway bridge and culvert construction technology is advised
Model》Relevant regulations in middle inherent stress mud-jacking size performance index.2）Prestress wire pull eventually finish after pipeline is carried out in 24h
Debris in pipeline is removed with press water before mud jacking, pipeline pneumatic mortar, and is dried up with compressed air, mud jacking equipment should be cleaned,
Device interior after cleaning should not have residue and ponding.
2nd, cement mortar mixing：The cement of grouting cement mortar preferably uses the low alkali normal silicate water for being not less than 42.5 grades
Mud, additive should have good compatibility with cement, and without corrosiveness compositions such as villaumites, stirring water preferably uses country to defend
The clean drinking water of raw standard.Slurry water-cement ratio is no more than 0.26-0.28, and cement mortar initial flow degree is controlled in 10-17s,
Fluidity control is in 10-20s after 30min.Match ratio dispensing is strictly pressed, stirring should be uninterrupted, it is ensured that cement mortar is well mixed,
After cement mortar is mixed uniform, the strainer filtering press-in pipeline through 1.2 × 1.2mm of cell, the slurry of press-in pipeline must not contain water
Walk block, in order to avoid plugging during grouting.
3rd, vacuum aid grouting：The basic design requirement of project uses vacuum grouting construction method, mainly applies main points as follows：
1）When vacuum keeps stable, termination of pumping about 1min times, pressure energy keeps constant i.e. it is believed that duct can reach and maintain
Vacuum. 2）Grout valve is closed, starts vavuum pump, when vacuum reaches and maintains -0.09~-0.10 Mpa values, starts and fills
Stock pump, opens grout valve, starts grouting.When slurry passes through air cleaner, vavuum pump and extraction valve are closed, exhaust is opened
Valve.Observe blast pipe pulp situation, when slurry denseness and pour into end denseness as when, closing air bleeding valve, continue to grouting 2~
3min, makes have certain pressure in pipeline, finally closes grout valve.Slurry is filled after pipeline, is pressed in pressure for 0.5~0.6Mpa
Pressure 2min is held under power.Mud jacking maximum pressure is no more than 0.6Mpa.Then two loose joints of vacuum-pumping tube are pulled down, vavuum pump is unloaded；
Pull down air cleaner and grouting rubber pipe, cleaning grouting pump, mixer, valve, air cleaner and the instrument for speckling with mortar.
3）During mud jacking, curve duct and vertical duct should enter from the mud jacking pore pressure of minimum point, and upper lower leaf in structure is set
The duct put, should carry out mud jacking, the mud jacking in same duct should be carried out continuously, once complete according to the order got on, get off.Mud jacking
Slow, uniform should carry out midway must not interrupt, and should open and close the steam vent of all peaks one by one successively, make hole
Interior exhaust is unimpeded.Midway dwell time is longer for some reason（The specific time depends on the circumstances）, using clear water by the cement mortar in pipeline
Rinse well, again mud jacking.The closely knit situation of mud jacking should be spot-check after the completion of mud jacking by inspection hole, if any unreal, should be entered in time
Row mends Dispose by grouting.
4）Slurries complete mixing Zi stirring should no more than 40min, and in work progress to the time interval of press-in pipeline
Continuously stir.During pipeline pneumatic mortar after process and mud jacking in 48h, concrete members temperature must not be less than 5 DEG C, otherwise should take insulation
Measure, is carried out, slurries can mix air entraining agent in right amount according to the requirement of winter construction.When temperature height 35 DEG C when, mud jacking should be at night
Between carry out.
4th, cement mortar is examined：It is 40mm*40mm*160mm test specimens that each work teams and groups, which make and left and taken no less than 3 packet sizes,
Standard curing time 28d, carries out resistance to compression and rupture strength experiment.As the standard of performance rating, test method should be by existing state
Family's standard《Cement gel mortar ruggedness test method》GB/T 17671 regulation is performed.
5th, record：Hole path pressure grouting need to fill in construction note.Record entry should include：Press mortar, match ratio, mud jacking day
Phase, mixing time, go out machine initial flow degree, slurry temperature, environment temperature and duct vacuum etc..
Compared with traditional mud-jacking technology, vacuum grouting technique due to make duct formed before mud jacking negative pressure state this most
Big the characteristics of, make it have following features：（1）, before mud jacking, rinse duct the residual globule in the case of close to vacuum
Vaporization is extracted in company with the air in duct, and the bubble in the slurry that mixes cement is extracted in subnormal ambient rupture in love, is eliminated
Using the bubble caused by traditional mud jacking, porous dehiscence, strengthen the compactness and plumpness of slurry.（2）, micro- foam in slurry
Slurry and thin pulp first flow into negative-pressure container in negative pressure of vacuum environment rate, slurry compactness and intensity is guaranteed, especially for
The space duct of height bending can more embody the superiority of vacuum grouting.（3）, priming charge mud subnormal ambient flow down
It is dynamic, because by the resistance of the air in duct, slurry can not reach all spaces in duct, and the company of offer easily
Continuous, rapidly construction, shortens grouting time.（4）, pressure test, the sealing to duct are carried out to duct before vacuum grouting
Property require it is higher, for cement mortar fill duct provide guarantee.
Sealing off and covering anchorage：After the completion of mud jacking, closed protective and preservative treatment are carried out according to anchored end design requirement, I adopts at project herein
Sealing off and covering anchorage tool and exposed presstressed reinforcing steel are applied with epoxy resin, the handing-over seam between anchor circle and anchor plate is entered with polyurethane water-proof paint
Row water-proofing treatment.Used after the completion of mud jacking and carry out sealing off and covering anchorage with intensity non-shrinkage concrete, sealing off and covering anchorage concrete curing is used after terminating
Polyurethane water-proof paint carries out water-proofing treatment to the seam crossing between sealing off and covering anchorage new-old concrete.Polyurethane water-proof paint used meets
TB/T2965 requirement.
Material installation
Prestress wire uses Φ s15.2, and tensile strength standard value is the high-strength underrelaxation steel strand wires of 1860MPa, technical performance
Country should be met existing《Steel strand wires for prestressed concrete》（GB/T5224）Regulation and design requirement.
Prestressed anchor, fixture, connector should meet《Use for tendon anchorage, fixture and connector》GB/T14370 and
《Prestressing force anchorage, fixture and connector application technology code》JGJ85 regulation.
Cast-in-place post-tensioned prestressing end anchorage is divided into stretching end anchorage and fixing end anchorage.Stretching end anchor has round anchor
Tool, flat type anchorage, what fixing end anchorage was commonly used has H types to be embossed anchor and p-type extruding anchor, and it is p-type extruding anchor that my project, which is mainly selected,
And presstressed reinforcing steel connector can be used as needed.
Stretching end anchorage is made up of intermediate plate, anchor slab, anchor plate and the part of spiral bar four；, fixing end p-type Extrusion anchor ground tackle,
Including extruded sleeve（Containing extruding plate）, spiral bar, fixing end anchor slab, the dry cement slurry of plug at end part etc.；Connector, including
Anchor slab, connector intermediate plate, anchor plate, spiral bar or side's hoop, constraint circle etc.；
Prestress pipe uses plastic film capicitor, and bellows should meet the plastic film capicitor of JT/T529 standards, k=0.0015；μ
=0.15, the outward appearance of plastic film capicitor should be smooth, uniform color, inside and outside wall be not allow for spacer rupture, bubble, breach, lump and
Influence the scuffing used；The cement of grouting should be not less than 42.5 low alkali portland cement using performance stabilization, strength grade,
Cement performance should meet《Highway bridge and culvert construction technique normalizing》Middle grouting is provided with cement.Possess product certificate book and retrial report
Accuse single.High performance additive is mixed in cement, there should be good compatibility with cement, must not be had containing villaumite or to presstressed reinforcing steel
The additive of corrosiveness.
Material storage, carrying：
Damp proof rain-proof is answered in prestressed material storage, it is to avoid rust corrosion.Inspection should be sampled after marching into the arena by supply of material batching immediately.
It is stored in after the assay was approved with by prestress wire in well-ventilated's drying, the warehouse of moistureproof, corrosion-free gas and away from heat
Source, the resting period, no more than 6 months, ground must not be directly deposited in outdoor storage, and should pad to set and cover prevents rain and dew
Have a negative impact with kind of a corrosive medium to it.Stacking should be according to supply of material lot number packet, and bidding quotation is neat；Materials handling will keep clear
It is clean, avoid mechanical damage, scratch and harmful corrosion, forbid on mattess draw；Examine：Steel strand wires must it after marching into the arena
Intensity, appearance and size, primary stress and physical and mechanical property etc. carry out severe test, and its quality index should be met《Prestressing force is mixed
Solidifying soil steel strand wires》The predecessor state such as GB/T5224 codes and standards.
Its surface quality requirements is：Surface mustn't be with lubricant, oil stain etc., and steel strand surface allows have slight floating rust；
Steel strand wires extensibility, it is 1m steel strand wires to go chord length, and the natural rise of the maximum of its string and arc is not more than 25mm.
Anchorage, fixture, connector should be used according to design code, and should have reliable anchoring property, enough bearing capacities and
Good usability, and the intensity for giving full play to presstressed reinforcing steel is can guarantee that, and prestressed stretch-draw operation is securely achieved, its is all kinds of
It is existing that test rating all should should meet country《Use for tendon anchorage, fixture and connector》GB/T14370 pertinent regulations are simultaneously
Through that can use after the assay was approved.
Product certificate and quality certificate should be checked at when bellows is marched into the arena, is checked outside its classification, model, specification and quantity,
Anti-leakage that still should be follow-up to the radial rigidity under its outward appearance, size, load, load action and counter-bending seepage etc. are carried out
Examine.The method of inspection should correspond with existing professional standard《Prestressed Concrete Bridges plastic film capicitor》JT/T529 rule
It is fixed.
Quality control
The detailed arrangement and method for construction of establishment is required according to design document, strictly constructed by technical requirements, after every procedure is qualified,
Next procedure operation can be carried out.
Its construction quality is tackled during pre-stress construction to be controlled and examine.Control and inspection raw material are marched into the arena, made
Work and installation, stretch-draw prestressing force, hole path pressure grouting, anchorage protection and sealing off and covering anchorage etc. are carried out stage by stage.All raw material presses code requirement
Carry out visual examination and service check.
The technical performance of tensioning equipment and inspection have to comply with the regulation of specification.Strictly observe tensioning equipment and grouting equipment
Supporting verification system；Pre-buried duct, built-in fitting, volume beam, the quality of paving beam answer special messenger to check, strictly control its size and deviation.
Prestressed stretch-draw must be carried out in strict accordance with stressing sequence and operating provision, strengthen stretching process quality control, in advance
Stress tension strictly observes three requirements to be controlled, i.e. intensity, age, modulus of elasticity in tensioning.Conscientiously carry out construction note.
The quality problems points for attention occurred in construction
Beam body concrete strength bullet mould, which reaches, starts tensioning after design load.To prevent beam to be distorted, it is desirable to which two coxostermums are symmetrical
The symmetrical allowable error for implementing synchronous tension power between tensioning, jack is preferably ± 2% to the top of simultaneous tension, i.e., 2 simultaneously.
Stretching force control is defined by oil pressure meter reading, when being stretched to control prestressing force, it is necessary to assure enough holds the lotus time,
Control stress for prestressing precision is ± 1.5%.Checked in stretching process with prestress wire stretch value, the two ends after anchoring
Stretch value sum is no more than ± the 6% of calculated value.
In stretching process, to check for breaking, stripped thread phenomenon.After complete 24 hours of whole tensioning, work anchoring clamping piece retraction is checked
And steel strand wires whether there is disconnected, stripped thread phenomenon.Steel strand wires and intermediate plate leave obvious indentation or other scars because of processing stripped thread, fracture of wire,
Or during with a branch of steel strand tension more than 3 times, to be changed.
In stretching process, when tensioning is abnormal caused by duck leakage when casting and compacting of concrete, component should be chiseled in time and removes leakage
Part is starched, after repairing is complete, tensioning again.After stretch-draw anchor, effective stress of the presstressed reinforcing steel under anchor should meet design tensioning
Proof stress, both relative deviations are not to be exceeded ± 5%, and prestressing tendon its effective prestress in same section is not
The uniformity should be no more than ± 2%.
In filling process, when occurring duct obstruction, string hole or interrupting grouting, duct should be rinsed in time or other measures are taken
Again it is in the milk, duct slurry should be full, closely knit.Rear jaw surfacing is anchored, 1mm is no more than with the exposed amount difference of beam intermediate plate.
Antirust treatment is carried out to anchorage by design requirement after the completion of whole tensioning, anchoring section thickness of concrete cover is not small
In 50mm or design code, sealing off and covering anchorage concrete should closely knit, flawless.
Embodiment
Project profile
The quick sensible N bid section projects in certain city, main line overpass overall length is 1.238km, and cast-in-place prestressed continuous box girder amounts to 10
Connection, bridge most long span is 35m.Horizontal, the longitudinal box beam of concrete applies post stressed concrete construction technology.In advance
Prestress steel strand uses Φ s15.2, and tensile strength standard value is 1860MPa, and bellows uses φ 70, φ 80, the plastics ripples of φ 90
Line pipe, one-end tension fixing end uses p-type extruding anchor, and tensioning process is the symmetrical tensioning post grouting process of group's anchor boundling, very big
The construction construction quality of box beam is improved in degree, construction speed is accelerated, reduces construction cost.
Application time
This engineering method is in November, -2015 in June, 2015 in the application time of the quick sensible N bid section projects in certain city.
Condition of construction
Agriculture road N bid section overpass box beams, in addition to the 8th steel box-girder, apply rear box beam Post-tension Prestress Construction skill
Art, prestress wire uses Φ s15.2, and tensile strength standard value is 1860MPa, and bellows is moulded using φ 70, φ 80, φ 90
Expect bellows, one-end tension fixing end uses p-type extruding anchor, and tensioning process is the symmetrical tensioning grouting behind shaft or drift lining construction work of group's anchor boundling
Skill.This engineering uses cast-in-place prestressed post stretching construction technology, it is ensured that after the completion of cast-in-situ prestress box beam concreting
After tensioning construction, construction quality is improved, and accelerate construction speed, the box girder pre-stressed stretching construction side of specification
Method, pre-stress construction process can effectively be connected, speed of application fast, manpower and materials less investment, and labor strength is low.
Mass effect
Cast-in-situ prestress box beam post-tensioned construction, speed of application is fast, and manpower and materials less investment, labor strength is low；Through actual measurement：
Cast-in-place prestressed post-tensioned construction is up-to-standard, construct the prestressing force tension force box beam completed, Steel strand broken wire, stripped thread phenomenon, steel
Twisted wire theoretic elongation and stretch value check, stretching force control, mud jacking compactness, sealing off and covering anchorage etc. technology and quality requirement specification will
Ask, integrally meet structural design criteria.
Environment protecting
Construction material and working space are saved using the engineering method, resource land used has been saved, environmental protection is directly played
Effect.
Management owner and social assessment
Construction material and working space are saved using the engineering method, resource land used has been saved, environmental protection is directly played
Effect, construction quality has obtained effective guarantee, had obtained owner's favorable comment consistent with management.
Good effect：The application of the post-tensioned prestressed construction technique of construction of cast-in-place box girders is applied to the structure shapes such as large span, heavy duty
Formula building or bridge, expand the application of reinforced concrete structure.Change artificial pressure fuel pump meter reading control
Pulling force, the technological deficiency such as stretching force that manual measurement control elongation is present is missed with manometric calibrated error and pressure gauge reading
Poor larger, pressure gauge reading is unstable, manual pressure control operation error is difficult to accurately control stretching force, manual measurement elongation greatly
Value error in reading is big, the artificial tensioning record, authenticity filled in is difficult to ensure that etc., really realize tensioning " accurately, stably, automatically,
It is safe efficient ".
Intelligent operation and automatic monitoring are realized, tension data automatic report generation, data are detailed, it is impossible to change, allow industry
Main, management is trusted.Prevent the adverse effect of human factor in tensioning construction, be advantageously implemented normalized construction.
Intellectuality construction, dynamic management and automatic monitoring, can in time pinpoint the problems, solve in time, not stay sequelae, improve
Construction precision, hence it is evident that extend the service life of bridge, thus save the later stage reinforce, maintenance, the expense removed, economic benefit
Substantially.Crack will not prematurely occur, crack resistance is high, it is ensured that crack is occurred without under working load, fundamentally solves and splits
Seam problem, reduces the maintenance cost in later stage.
Steel and concrete are rationally and effectively utilized, so as to greatly save steel, mitigate dead load, it compares reinforced concrete
Soil structure typically can saving steel 30 ~ 50%, mitigate dead load up to 30% or so, especially more passed through in large span load-carrying members
Ji.Labour is saved, stretching construction work efficiency improves more than 5 times relative to non intelligent construction, and labour cost consumption reduces 2/3, bright
It is aobvious to improve engineering construction progress, reduce construction cost.
The stress performance of structure or component is improved（Such as cracking resistance, deformation, shearing resistance）, improve the durable of structure
The performances such as property, antifatigue and antidetonation, improve the service life of structures, improve economic benefit.Bridge prestress construction matter
Amount is the critical process for ensureing bridge structure safe and durability, is the lifeline of structure safety.Pass through automation, intelligent hand
Section come ensure it is prestressed it is effective application and be in the milk closely knit, so that the security and durability of bridge structure are improved, with very
High social benefit.
Embodiment of above is merely to illustrate the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment party
Formula, in the knowledge that the field those of ordinary skill possesses, that is made within the spirit and principles in the present invention is any
Modification, equivalent substitute and improvement etc., are regarded as the protection domain of the application.
Claims (10)
1. large-span cast-in-situ concrete box girder post-tension of pre-stress construction under complex environment, it is characterised in that including following
Step：Wide connection reaches setting-out → drilling → lashing → intelligent tensioning → pipeline pneumatic mortar → sealing off and covering anchorage.
2. large-span cast-in-situ concrete box girder post-tension of pre-stress construction under complex environment according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：It is described it is wide up to setting-out be to reach the box girder pre-stressed muscle position of software setting-out by wide connection, application software is overall
Setting-out, typesetting, according to software achievement, various presstressed reinforcing steel patterns, specification, size and position in drawing, according to state
Family's design construction standard requirement draws installation diagram, and foundation is manufactured as teams and groups.
3. large-span cast-in-situ concrete box girder post-tension of pre-stress construction under complex environment according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：When described drilling refers to the regular reinforcement of binding structural member, while carrying out presstressed reinforcing steel piping laying；According to setting
Meter uses plastic film capicitor, and bellows is pressed into Design Orientation in nonprestressed reinforcement cage, and the basic forming in its duct requires bag
Include：Pore size position is correct, and duct will be smoothed out, and joint not spillage, termination embedded board wants vertical channel center.
4. large-span cast-in-situ concrete box girder post-tension of pre-stress construction under complex environment according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：Described plastic film capicitor is installed by the coordinate position of design code, and welds intersecting parallels spacer bar,
It is firm with stirrup spot welding during positioning, it is ensured that not offset in lashing and concreting, non-rising；Pipeline can be fitted when being collided with reinforcing bar
When moving structure reinforcing bar, the design coordinate position of pipeline must not be changed, but thickness of concrete cover should give guarantee；Pipeline is straight
Line segment spacer bar at intervals of 50cm to set one group, and curved section is encrypted to mono- group of 10cm, and ensures that bellows is smoother；Prestressing force
Pipeline is set in flat curved segment to be prevented collapsing reinforcing bar, and one group is set every 10cm, also serves as positioning bar, and way is to use the reinforcing bar system of diameter phi 10
It is made U-shaped and is connected integral with web reinforcement；Described corrugated pipe connector director degree connection is using the direct similar ripple of big one-level
Line pipe does junction block, 5-7 times of a length of connected pipe internal diameter of junction block and not less than 20cm；Joint adhesive tape side is swathed
Hard-pressed bale fastens solid, it is to avoid cement mortar penetrates into during cast concrete results in blockage in pipe；All pipelines set on each summit and are vented
Extravasating hole and in each minimum point osculum is set when needing, exhaust extravasating hole and osculum are using the modeling of φ 25mm, PPR high tensile flexible
Connection between expects pipe, with pipeline uses plastic construction fastener, and length should be enough beyond pipeline deriving structure thing, for ease of fixation
Lower mouth increases anchor plate with bellows junction.
5. large-span cast-in-situ concrete box girder post-tension of pre-stress construction under complex environment according to claim 4,
It is characterized in that：The installation of described anchor plate, comprises the following steps：1）Removed behind beam end anchor plate and spiral is installed on request
Beyond reinforcing bar, also need to set up and prevent collapsing reinforced mesh, be connected using the reinforcement fabrication of diameter phi 16 into groined type mesh sheet with web reinforcement,
Spacing is set together according to 5cm, and 5 roads are set altogether；2）The anchor pad of correspondence model and specification is respectively mounted in fixing end and stretching end
Plate and spiral bar, and anchor plate horn mouth bottom and bellows are connected firmly, anchor plate will be firmly installed in template；Will
Make backing plate and the strict centering in duct, and it is vertical with cell end portion, it must not misplace；Spiral bar and stiffener will be strictly by setting under anchor
Meter requires arrangement, and horn mouth will be connected smooth-going with corrugated conduit, seals；Mud jacking hole on anchor plate will properly be blocked, prevented
Spillage plug-hole when pouring into a mould concrete；When anchor plate is installed, for the anchorage of two ends tensioning, mud jacking end slurry-feeding hole should be noted downwards,
Upwards, P anchors, H anchors for tensioned at one end should be using stretching ends as slurry-feeding hole, and downwards to ensure the closely knit of mud jacking for steam vent.
6. large-span cast-in-situ concrete box girder post-tension of pre-stress construction under complex environment according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：Described lashing includes steel wire process and compiles beam and lashing process.
7. large-span cast-in-situ concrete box girder post-tension of pre-stress construction under complex environment according to claim 6,
It is characterized in that：Described steel wire process is 1）The presentation quality of steel strand wires is first checked for before blanking；2）Under steel strand wires
Material should clean it is flat, anhydrous and disclosure satisfy that cutting length need place, underlay colour bar cloth, and on colour bar cloth cloth every
2~3m lays a long lumps of wood；Steel strand wires directly must not be contacted soil in order to avoid getting rusty, drawing must not be also given birth on concrete surface hard
Drag, wear and tear steel strand wires；3）Steel strand wires are coiled during blanking and are placed in the steel pipe frame of making, are progressively extracted out from center is coiled, to prevent
Only steel strand wires are disorderly and ejection is hurted sb.'s feelings；According to the computational length of steel strand wires, steel strand wires cut ends are first tightened with iron wire, using sand
Take turns cutting machine cutting；The steel wire time should be controlled according to field condition, the preferably complete horse back lashing of steel wire,
Otherwise steel strand wires will be made to produce unnecessary corrosion.
8. large-span cast-in-situ concrete box girder post-tension of pre-stress construction under complex environment according to claim 6,
It is characterized in that：Described volume beam and lashing process include 1）Presstressed reinforcing steel should check anchor plate and duct, anchor pad before lashing
The position of plate should be accurate；Unimpeded, the anhydrous and other debris of duct planted agent；Occur blocking duct phenomenon, it is necessary to which take measures dredging
Can carry out；Lower good steel strand wires are put on the table, duct is integrally penetrated according to design compilation bunchy, must be made when compiling beam
Steel strand wires will be made in order by root, be parallel to each other, and must not wind, be tightened from the middle to both ends every 1~1.5m with iron wire, and to steel beam
Number, be listed, stack neat in case using by class；2）Steel strand wires termination is made tapered and wrapped up using sleeve, in pipeline
A straw line is penetrated, steel wire is drawn using straw line, the steel wire other end is towed the head with steel strand wires and connected together, elevator machine travel is used
Steel strand wires are pulled out；Need conscientiously to check bellows whether there is breakage after lashing, when there is breakage, then intercept one section of bellows in damaged portion
Subpackage is wrapped up in and twines adhesive tape wrapping outside firmly, to prevent pouring spillage during concrete.
9. large-span cast-in-situ concrete box girder post-tension of pre-stress construction under complex environment according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：Described tensioning is intelligent tensioning, including prestressing force intelligent tensioning instrument, intelligent jack, carries wireless network card
Notebook computer and high-pressure oil pipe；It is using stress as Con trolling index, and elongation error passes through sensing as check and correction index, system
Technology gathers the operating pressure of every tensioning equipment jack and the stretch value of steel strand wires containing data such as amount of recovery, in real time by data
It is transferred to system host and carries out analysis judgement, simultaneous tension equipment（Pumping plant）Reception system is instructed, and realizes stretching force and loading speed
Degree accurate control in real time；System sends instruction, each machinery of every equipment of Synchronization Control always according to pre-set programs by main frame
Action, is automatically performed whole stretching process.
10. large-span cast-in-situ concrete box girder post-tension of pre-stress construction under complex environment according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：Described pipeline pneumatic mortar comprises the following steps：1）, preparation before mud jacking；2）, cement mortar mixing；3）, vacuum
Auxiliary Grouting；4）, cement mortar examine；5）, record.
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Application publication date: 20171020 |