CN107254612A - A kind of confusion enhancing novel wear resistant aluminum matrix composite and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of confusion enhancing novel wear resistant aluminum matrix composite and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107254612A
CN107254612A CN201710433797.8A CN201710433797A CN107254612A CN 107254612 A CN107254612 A CN 107254612A CN 201710433797 A CN201710433797 A CN 201710433797A CN 107254612 A CN107254612 A CN 107254612A
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Prior art keywords
confusion
wear resistant
matrix composite
aluminum matrix
novel wear
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CN201710433797.8A
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Inventor
张国华
高晓波
冯增建
朱俊奎
王洪民
孟现长
徐云庆
范吉超
王建强
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Shandong Binzhou Bohai Piston Co Ltd
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Shandong Binzhou Bohai Piston Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201710433797.8A priority Critical patent/CN107254612A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C21/00Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/02Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/10Alloys containing non-metals
    • C22C1/1036Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/10Alloys containing non-metals
    • C22C1/1036Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
    • C22C1/1047Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt by mixing and casting liquid metal matrix composites
    • C22C1/1052Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt by mixing and casting liquid metal matrix composites by mixing and casting metal matrix composites with reaction
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C32/00Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/0047Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
    • C22C32/0073Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only borides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/043Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of grain-mixing strengthened aluminium-base composite material and its preparation technology; this composite is on the basis of Al Si Ni Cu Mg eutectic Al-base alloys; after the composition proportion adjustment of reasonable material; make to generate substantial amounts of tabular β Fe phases in alloy substrate; then melting-reaction method, interior raw nanometer scale ceramicses particle TiB are used2;After the proportioning for adjusting ceramic particle and iron content, make tabular β Fe inversion of phases in matrix that into graininess δ Fe phases, graininess δ Fe phases and TiB is made2Ceramic particle hybrid reinforced aluminum-matrix composite material.

Description

A kind of confusion enhancing novel wear resistant aluminum matrix composite and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to aluminum matrix composite field, more particularly to a kind of aluminum matrix composite and preparation method.
Background technology
Automotive light weight technology turns into the trend of Global Auto industrial development, is to realize light-weighted important technology using light material Means, the features such as aluminum matrix composite has low density, high specific strength and high specific modulus is main in connecting rod, piston, cylinder at present Applied on the parts such as endoporus, brake disc, caliper.Aluminum matrix composite is mainly used as increasing using ceramic particle, ceramic fibre etc. Strong material, the manufacture method of current ceramic reinforced composite mainly has stirring addition method, powder metallurgic method and ceramic material Make using methods such as Pressure Infiltrations after precast body, but all there is difficult cast form, manufacturing cost height, performance in these methods The problems such as stability is poor, uses therefore, it is difficult to large-scale promotion.
The content of the invention
The present invention strengthens novel wear resistant aluminum-base composite material to make up the deficiencies in the prior art there is provided a kind of confusion Material and preparation method thereof.
The each element of the confusion enhancing novel wear resistant aluminum matrix composite of the present invention is into being grouped into(By weight): Si 12-15 wt%, Cu 3-3.5 wt%, Ni 2-3 wt%, Fe 2-5 wt%, Mg 0.2-0.6 wt%, Ce 0.02- The wt% of 0.08 wt%, Zr 0.05-0.15 wt%, V 0.05-0.15 wt%, 0.01 wt % >=P >=0.005;4≥ TiB2/ Fe >=2, remaining is Al.
Above-mentioned 4 >=TiB2/ Fe >=2 represent TiB2With Fe weight ratio, i.e. confusion enhancing novel wear resistant aluminum-base composite material TiB in material2Weight ratio with Fe is between 2-4.
The present invention, which prepares above-mentioned confusion, strengthens the method for novel wear resistant aluminum matrix composite, comprises the following steps:
(One)In intermediate frequency furnace, input technical pure aluminium ingot, electrolysis Cu, electrolysis Ni, industry Mg, industry Si, the raw Fe of industry wait own After material is completely melt, Zr contents 10wt% Al-Zr alloys, V content 10wt% Al-V alloys, P content 10wt% are added Al-P alloys, after above-mentioned intermediate alloy be completely dissolved it is uniform after, be warming up to 900-1000 DEG C;
(Two)Step(One)In melt after 900-1000 DEG C of interval insulation after 10 minutes, close intermediate frequency furnace in intermediate frequency furnace, plus Enter the K after granulation2TiF6And KBF4Villiaumite mixture and CeO2, wherein CeO2Account for the villiaumite total weight of the mixture of addition 0.5-2 wt%;Wherein, according to following reaction equation calculate and add the K after granulation2TiF6And KBF4Weight:
3K2TiF6+6KBF4+10Al→3TiB2+K3AlF6+9KAlF4
(Three)Intermediate frequency furnace is restarted, stove is in insulation power section, fusant reaction temperature control is at 1000-1200 DEG C, instead Time control is answered in 80-120min;
(Four)Treat step(Three)After reaction terminates, bath surface reaction residual salts slag is outwelled, special slag-cleaning agent is added, removed remaining Villiaumite;
(Five)The melt made pour into insulation dry boiler in, bath surface add slag-cleaning agent, using argon gas carry out refining and Degassing processing, takes dross on surface of fusant off, that is, obtains confusion enhancing novel wear resistant aluminum matrix composite.
Its preferred technical scheme is:
Step(Five)In, refining temperature is 760-780 DEG C, and refining time is 12-20min.
Present invention additionally comprises a kind of side that part is prepared using above-mentioned confusion enhancing novel wear resistant aluminum matrix composite Method, specific method is:The melt that confusion strengthens novel wear resistant aluminum matrix composite is incubated at 780~800 DEG C, so Melt is poured into mo(u)lded piece in preheated mold afterwards, the part progress solution treatment to casting adds Ageing Treatment, so Room temperature water is carried out afterwards to quench, in atmosphere natural cooling, obtain confusion enhancing novel wear resistant aluminium-base composite material member.
Wherein, preferably, the temperature of above-mentioned solution treatment is 510-520 DEG C, and the time is 3.5-4.5h;At timeliness The temperature of reason is 170-190 DEG C, and the time is 7-10h.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1)Aluminum matrix composite prepared by the inventive method substantially increases the mechanical property of material, while making the wear-resisting of material Property is remarkably improved;
(2)In the present invention, using melting-reaction method, prepare and matrix wetability is good, interfacial cleanliness nanoscale TiB2Ceramics Grain, and obtain TiB by test of many times2Weight ratio with Fe contents is:4≥TiB2/ Fe >=2, experimental research find that, interior life Nanometer scale ceramicses particle TiB2Mutually there is strong transformation to the β-Fe of platy structure in aluminium alloy, its principle is interior life Nano level ceramic particle TiB2A part is as the nucleus of δ-Fe phases, and a part is distributed in α-Al matrixes, in melt solidification During, Fe-riched phase will not generate tabular β-Fe phases, but with a part of TiB2Particle is converted into δ-Fe phase structures as nucleus, The TiB in α-Al matrixes is distributed in simultaneously2Particle also inhibits the Size growth of δ-Fe phases, so as to be formed in this composite δ-the Fe of granular small size mutually strengthen particle;After test of many times, above experience proportioning is obtained, is matched according to above experience Control TiB2Granule content and Fe contents, the graininess δ-Fe phases that can be evenly distributed in material structure, due to material Expect the generation of the δ-Fe phases in tissue, improve isolate effects of the tabular β-Fe with respect to aluminum substrate, and δ-Fe mutually have very High microhardness, so TiB2Particle, graininess δ-Fe phases, together form the high intensity of this composite, high abrasion Characteristic;
(3)The method of mixing villiaumite formula and dual granulation batch mixing is employed herein, and has found out most suitable melt Reaction temperature and time control, it is ensured that prepare TiB2During fusant reaction speed can be controlled effectively and generate Ceramic particle TiB2In the base dispersed;
(4)Aluminum matrix composite prepared by the present invention can use the mode manufactured parts of a variety of castings, and technical process obtains letter Change, moderate cost, enhancing grain volume fraction is easy to control, be adapted to industrial scale production.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is TiB2Particle promotes the electron microscope of melt generation δ-Fe phases.
Fig. 2 is that fusant reaction obtains TiB2δ-Fe distributed mutually the electron microscopes generated after particle.
Fig. 3 is no TiB2Particle adds the β-Fe distributed mutually electron microscopes of melt generation.
Fig. 4 is the metallographic structure electron microscope of the aluminum matrix composite finally obtained.
Fig. 5 is the room temperature tensile strength test chart of 1#-9# alloy samples.
Fig. 6 is 1# alloy sample metallographs.
Fig. 7 is 2# alloy sample metallographs.
Embodiment
Specific embodiment of the invention given below is, it is necessary to which explanation is that the invention is not limited in implement in detail below Example, all equivalents done on the basis of technical scheme each fall within protection scope of the present invention.
The each element for the confusion enhancing novel wear resistant aluminum matrix composite that the present invention is finally prepared is into being grouped into:Si 12-15 wt%, Cu 3-3.5 wt%, Ni 2-3 wt%, Fe 2-5 wt%, Mg 0.2-0.6 wt%, Ce 0.02-0.08 The wt% of wt%, Zr 0.05-0.15 wt%, V 0.05-0.15 wt%, 0.01 wt % >=P >=0.005, is weight above Than, in addition to TiB2, and TiB2Weight with Fe is than meeting:4≥TiB2/ Fe >=2, remaining is Al.
4 >=TiB in the present invention2/ Fe >=2 are experience proportionings, are prepared and obtained by test of many times, interior raw nanometer scale ceramicses Grain TiB2To the β-Fe of platy structure in aluminium alloy mutually with strong transformation, its principle is the nano level ceramics of interior life Particle TiB2A part is as the nucleus of δ-Fe phases, and a part is distributed in α-Al matrixes, in melt process of setting, Fe-riched phase Tabular β-Fe phases will not be freely generated, but with a part of TiB2Particle is converted into δ-Fe phase structures as nucleus, respectively simultaneously TiB in α-Al matrixes2Particle also inhibits the size of δ-Fe phases, so that the granular small chi formed in this composite Very little δ-Fe mutually strengthen particle, see accompanying drawing 1, after test of many times, above experience proportioning are obtained, according to above experience burden control TiB2 Granule content and Fe contents, the graininess δ-Fe phases that can be evenly distributed in material structure are shown in accompanying drawing 2, due to The generation of δ-Fe phases in material structure, improves isolate effects of the tabular β-Fe with respect to aluminum substrate, the minimum of this experience proportioning Value is to ensure tabular β-Fe phase in version nanoscale TiB minimum for needed for δ-Fe phases in material2 Particle weight;The maximum of proportioning Value is in order to ensure the Castability energy of material, due to containing substantial amounts of high-melting-point particle δ-Fe phases and TiB in material2Particle, Melt viscosity can be caused to raise, casting forming function declines, work as Fe and TiB in material through test of many times2The proportioning of particle does not surpass When crossing maximum in proportioning, mechanical property, the casting character of material are still very excellent.
Material composition such as table 1 below for 9 alloy samples of the preparation chosen in testing matches data, and accompanying drawing 5 is this 9 The room temperature tensile strength test chart of alloy sample, the research through the alloy sample microstructure to experiment is found in 1#, 2# alloy In sample microscopic structure, also there is part tabular β-Fe and do not convert graininess δ-Fe phases mutually, as illustrated in 6,7, due to β- Fe is very serious with respect to the effect of isolating of alloy substrate, and its performance characteristic is that material mechanical performance is low, as shown in Figure 5; In alloy sample 8#, 9#, due to containing substantial amounts of ceramic particle and graininess δ-Fe phases in material, the casting character of material is low Under, it is impossible to using the method manufactured parts of routine casting, therefore alloy sample 8#, 9# room temperature tensile strength can not be in accompanying drawings 5 Middle to embody, the practicality of material is not strong;Therefore, Fe and TiB are obtained by lot of experiments2Weight experience proportioning be:4≥TiB2/ Fe≥2。
Each alloy sample composition of table 1
The present embodiment is illustrated the method for preparing confusion enhancing novel wear resistant aluminum matrix composite of the present invention specifically It is bright, comprise the following steps:
(One)In intermediate frequency furnace, 75 kilograms of input technical pure aluminium ingot, Cu4 kilograms of electrolysis, electrolysis Ni2.4 kilograms, industry Mg0.4 thousand Gram, Si14 kilograms of industry, raw Fe2.5 kilograms of industry, after all material is completely melt, add Zr contents 10wt% Al-Zr 1.3 kilograms of alloy, 1.3 kilograms of V content 10wt% Al-V alloys, 0.08 kilogram of P content 10wt% Al-P alloys wait own Intermediate alloy be completely dissolved and it is uniform after, be warming up to 1000 DEG C;
(Two)Step(One)In melt in intermediate frequency furnace at 1000 DEG C be incubated after after 10 minutes, close intermediate frequency furnace, add through making K after grain2TiF6、KBF4And CeO2Mixture, K2TiF6And KBF4Constitute villiaumite mixture, CeO2Account for above-mentioned K2TiF6And KBF4 The 0.5-2 wt% of villiaumite total weight of the mixture, the K of addition2TiF6And KBF4Weight calculated according to following reaction equation:
3K2TiF6+6KBF4+10Al→3TiB2+K3AlF6+9KAlF4
It is computed, the K of addition2TiF6For 17.2 kilograms, KBF4For 18.1 kilograms, CeO2For 0.35 kilogram;
(Three)Intermediate frequency furnace is restarted, stove is in insulation power section, fusant reaction temperature is 1200 DEG C, and the reaction time is 80min;
(Four)Treat step(Three)After reaction terminates, bath surface reaction residual salts slag is outwelled, special slag-cleaning agent is added, removed remaining Villiaumite;
(Five)Step(Four)The melt made is poured into insulation dry boiler, is added slag-cleaning agent in bath surface, is entered using argon gas Row refining and degassing processing, wherein refining start temperature is 775 DEG C, end temp is 760 DEG C, and refining time is 15min, is taken off Dross on surface of fusant, that is, obtain confusion enhancing novel wear resistant aluminum matrix composite.
Tensile strength test is carried out to above-mentioned final obtained aluminum matrix composite basic performance, test is wherein:Rm= 296.5MPa;Rp0.2=282.3 MPa;A=1.5%;E=87GP;Brinell hardness 180HBW;The metallographic of obtained aluminum matrix composite Tissue is as shown in accompanying drawing 4.
Confusion obtained above enhancing novel wear resistant aluminum matrix composite can also be prepared into zero in the present embodiment Part, method is:Confusion is strengthened novel wear resistant aluminum matrix composite first and become melt, melt is incubated at 800 DEG C, Also can be in above-mentioned steps(Five)On the basis of after melt takes surface scum off, directly melt is incubated at 800 DEG C, then will Melt pours into mo(u)lded piece in preheated metal coupon mould, and the part of casting is carried out at solution treatment added-time effect Reason, wherein, the temperature of solution treatment is 520 DEG C, and soaking time is 3.5h;Then room temperature water quenching is carried out;The temperature of Ageing Treatment For 190 DEG C, soaking time is 7h, in atmosphere natural cooling, final to obtain confusion enhancing novel wear resistant aluminum-base composite material Expect part.
One kind of embodiment described above, simply more preferably embodiment of the invention, those skilled in the art The usual variations and alternatives that member is carried out in the range of technical solution of the present invention all should be comprising within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of confusion strengthens novel wear resistant aluminum matrix composite, it is characterised in that:Each element is into being grouped into:Si 12- 15 wt%, Cu 3-3.5 wt%, Ni 2-3 wt%, Fe 2-5 wt%, Mg 0.2-0.6 wt%, Ce 0.02-0.08 Wt%, Zr 0.05-0.15 wt%, V 0.05-0.15 wt%, 0.01 wt % >=P >=0.005 wt%, 4 >=TiB2/Fe≥ 2, remaining is Al.
2. a kind of confusion according to claim 1 strengthens the preparation method of novel wear resistant aluminum matrix composite, it is special Levy and be:Comprise the following steps:
(One)In intermediate frequency furnace, input technical pure aluminium ingot, electrolysis Cu, electrolysis Ni, industry Mg, industry Si, the raw Fe of industry wait own After material is completely melt, Zr contents 10wt% Al-Zr alloys, V content 10wt% Al-V alloys, P content 10wt% are added Al-P alloys, after above-mentioned intermediate alloy be completely dissolved it is uniform after, be warming up to 900-1000 DEG C;
(Two)Step(One)In melt after 900-1000 DEG C of interval insulation after 10 minutes, close intermediate frequency furnace in intermediate frequency furnace, plus Enter the K after granulation2TiF6And KBF4Villiaumite mixture and CeO2, wherein CeO2Account for the villiaumite total weight of the mixture of addition 0.5-2 wt%;
(Three)Intermediate frequency furnace is restarted, stove is in insulation power section, fusant reaction temperature control is at 1000-1200 DEG C, instead Time control is answered in 80-120min;
(Four)Treat step(Three)After reaction terminates, bath surface reaction residual salts slag is outwelled, special slag-cleaning agent is added, removed remaining Villiaumite;
(Five)The melt made pour into insulation dry boiler in, bath surface add slag-cleaning agent, using argon gas carry out refining and Degassing processing, takes dross on surface of fusant off, that is, obtains confusion enhancing novel wear resistant aluminum matrix composite.
3. a kind of confusion according to claim 2 strengthens the preparation method of novel wear resistant aluminum matrix composite, it is special Levy and be:Step(Five)In, refining temperature is 760-780 DEG C, and refining time is 12-20min.
4. the method for preparing part using the confusion enhancing novel wear resistant aluminum matrix composite described in claim 1, it is special Levy and be:The melt that confusion strengthens novel wear resistant aluminum matrix composite is incubated at 780~800 DEG C, then by melt Mo(u)lded piece in preheated mold is poured into, the part progress solution treatment to casting adds Ageing Treatment, then carries out room Warm water is quenched, in atmosphere natural cooling, obtains confusion enhancing novel wear resistant aluminium-base composite material member.
5. the method according to claim 4 for preparing part, it is characterised in that:The temperature of the solution treatment is 510- 520 DEG C, the time is 3.5-4.5h;The temperature of Ageing Treatment is 170-190 DEG C, and the time is 7-10h.
CN201710433797.8A 2017-06-09 2017-06-09 A kind of confusion enhancing novel wear resistant aluminum matrix composite and preparation method thereof Pending CN107254612A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108796399A (en) * 2018-07-02 2018-11-13 黄河科技学院 A kind of metal alloy and preparation method thereof with high impact resistance
CN108796316A (en) * 2018-06-12 2018-11-13 安徽相邦复合材料有限公司 A kind of piston and preparation method thereof of heavy duty diesel engine aluminum matrix composite

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1487109A (en) * 2003-07-31 2004-04-07 上海交通大学 Ceramic particle reinforced aluminium-based composite material and powder metallurgical process to prepare the material
CN105483451A (en) * 2015-12-09 2016-04-13 上海交通大学 Nano ceramic particle reinforcing aluminum alloy for piston and manufacturing method of nano ceramic particle reinforcing aluminum alloy
CN105908024A (en) * 2016-06-21 2016-08-31 上海交通大学 High-temperature-resistant nano ceramic particle reinforced cocrystallized Al-Si alloy and casting method thereof

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1487109A (en) * 2003-07-31 2004-04-07 上海交通大学 Ceramic particle reinforced aluminium-based composite material and powder metallurgical process to prepare the material
CN105483451A (en) * 2015-12-09 2016-04-13 上海交通大学 Nano ceramic particle reinforcing aluminum alloy for piston and manufacturing method of nano ceramic particle reinforcing aluminum alloy
CN105908024A (en) * 2016-06-21 2016-08-31 上海交通大学 High-temperature-resistant nano ceramic particle reinforced cocrystallized Al-Si alloy and casting method thereof

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108796316A (en) * 2018-06-12 2018-11-13 安徽相邦复合材料有限公司 A kind of piston and preparation method thereof of heavy duty diesel engine aluminum matrix composite
CN108796399A (en) * 2018-07-02 2018-11-13 黄河科技学院 A kind of metal alloy and preparation method thereof with high impact resistance
CN108796399B (en) * 2018-07-02 2020-07-03 黄河科技学院 Metal alloy with high impact resistance and preparation method thereof

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Application publication date: 20171017