CN107247059A - Insulator breakdown detection means and its method based on the hot schlieren distribution of air - Google Patents
Insulator breakdown detection means and its method based on the hot schlieren distribution of air Download PDFInfo
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- CN107247059A CN107247059A CN201710430044.1A CN201710430044A CN107247059A CN 107247059 A CN107247059 A CN 107247059A CN 201710430044 A CN201710430044 A CN 201710430044A CN 107247059 A CN107247059 A CN 107247059A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/95—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1218—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing using optical methods; using charged particle, e.g. electron, beams or X-rays
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of failure detector of null value low resistance insulator based on the hot schlieren distribution of air and its method.Schlieren acquisition module, data processing module and computer that device includes light source module, is made up of schlieren mirror, the second plane mirror, edge of a knife device and photosensitive plate.Method gathers the curve of insulator normal work by calculating and whether the similitude integrated value of the curve of insulator work to be detected is more than predetermined threshold value to judge whether insulator is normal.Similitude integrated value considers the similitude and distance of the curve of insulator normal work and the curve of insulator work to be detected.It is of the invention directly perceived, reliable, it can use manpower and material resources sparingly, be worth with larger practical implementation.
Description
Technical field
Divide the present invention relates to a kind of insulator breakdown detection means and its method, more particularly to a kind of hot schlieren of air that is based on
The insulator breakdown detection means and its method of cloth, belong to power fault detection technical field.
Background technology
During insulator is power network, the especially primary insulation part of transmission line of electricity is the critical component for ensureing electric property.
At present, in overhead transmission line and transformer station, used insulator is mainly porcelain suspension insulator.Operating insulation
Sub- long-term work is in the complex environment that highfield, mechanical stress, filth and humiture etc. coexist, and the probability of failure is very
Greatly.With the increase of running time, being acted on by electromechanical combination, the insulating properties and mechanical performance of insulator can decline, so as to produce
Raw null value or low resistance insulator, this phenomenon are referred to as the aging or deterioration of insulator.
The presence of null value low resistance insulator, is short-circuited equivalent to SI semi-insulation, correspondingly reduces the entirety of insulator chain
Creep age distance, considerably increases the probability of flashover of the insulator string.Once generation flashover, its short circuit current flow can be from interior insulator
Pass through, produce fuel factor, insulator steel cap burst, disengaged or steel pin blows, so as to the disconnected string of insulator occur, fall string and electricity
The major accidents such as line of force line conductor landing, cause collapse, the paralysis of partial electric grid parallel off and whole power network, have a strong impact on workers and peasants' life
Production and people's lives are stabilized.The presence of a large amount of low value zero resistance insulators adds kwh loss simultaneously, causes a part not clear
The loss of electricity.
Conventional null value low resistance insulator detection means, mainly has voltage's distribiuting method, electric field measurement method, supercritical ultrasonics technology, infrared
Thermal imaging temperature measurement method and UV pulse method.Above method has respective advantage and deficiency.The operation of voltage's distribiuting method is directly perceived, energy is accurate
Judge the advantage of Insulators Used change, but workload is big, and security is poor, and efficiency is low, easily by electromagnetic interference, causes flase drop and leakage
Inspection.Electric field measurement method device therefor is simple, and to the requirement of the weather conditions such as temperature, humidity, wind speed than relatively low, but need multiple
Position measurement, Detection task are heavy.Supercritical ultrasonics technology equipment is simple, and easy to operate, strong antijamming capability can be detected accurately
Go out the zero resistance insulator caused by cracking, but influenceed greatly by environmental background noise, to not risen for the low value zero resistance insulator of cracking
Effect, and there is certain limitation in itself in ultrasonic wave.Infrared thermal imagery method is reliable, efficient, but running environment, the meteorology of insulator
The factors such as condition, detection time, distance influence can not be ignored on it, and can not carry out early stage advance notice.Ultraviolet image method is predicted
Property it is good, do not limited by weather, detection speed is fast, detecting distance farther out, it is simple to operate, but can only observe stronger anti-electric signal,
It is primarily adapted for use in the observation of shelf depreciation, it is difficult to which zero resistance insulator is accurately detected.
Null value low resistance insulator heat condition is different from the sub- heat condition of normal insulation, and this phenomenon causes faulty insulator
The difference of ambient density and normal condition.Stration technique can reflect the structure in flow field, light using the density gradient in flow field
Occur deviation when collimated light beam of the source after collimation is through disturbance flow field regions, the edge of a knife is set at the image plane of light source, by
Disturbance flow field causes cutting of the picture of light source by the edge of a knife in various degree along the different density gradient change in edge of a knife direction, so that in note
Record and light and shade change is produced in plane, brightness increase or decrease are proportional to density gradient change of the disturbance flow field along edge of a knife direction.
Stration technique simplified partial schematic diagram is as shown in figure 1, S is that light source is arranged on schlieren mirror L in figureS1Focus on, put down
Row light is by the observation area of test section, in schlieren mirror LS2Focal plane on place an edge of a knife K.The edge of a knife will can stop half
, now in disturbance region, there is refractive index gradient in light source picture, then deviation occurs for light beam on the direction perpendicular to knife edge,
Realized in figure and represent the light without disturbing, dotted line represents to be disturbed the light of change.Light is on blade direction
The offset of light isDisplacement in knife-edge planeY directions displacement to causing corresponding portion on optical screen
The light intensity of position produces change, has contrast C relative to background illuminance:
A=h/2 (h is light source height) is generally taken when adjusting schlieren system, 2a is the edge of a knife and two schlierens on y-axis direction
The distance of mirror foci line.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of null value low resistance insulator based on the hot schlieren distribution of air
Fault detection method and device.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
Technical scheme one：
A kind of failure detector of the null value low resistance insulator based on the hot schlieren distribution of air, it is characterised in that：Including
Light source module, the schlieren acquisition module being made up of schlieren mirror, the second plane mirror, edge of a knife device and photosensitive plate, data processing
Module and computer；The transmission region center of the light source module is with insulating subcenter in same level, and direct projection line
Ying Jing centers；Schlieren mirror center and transmission region center are vertical with the directional light that light source module is launched to put in same level
Put；The light level that schlieren mirror reflects is projected edge of a knife device, the center of edge of a knife device and the second speculum by the second plane mirror
Center is in same level；The parallel optical signal that the light source module is produced, through perturbing area residing for insulator after by schlieren
Acquisition module is received, and the optical signal of reception is converted into schlieren imaging electric signal output to data processing by schlieren signal acquisition module
Module, the data processing module is digitized to schlieren imaging electric signal, filter and range-adjusting processing after, transmitted
To computer；Image is carried out by computer to show and breakdown judge；The computer loads detection module, and detection module will be obtained
Data signal be fitted to the smooth surface chart picture of test, normal smooth surface chart picture during by it with insulator normal work is carried out
Correlation processing, calculates coefficient correlation and judges whether null value, low resistance insulator.
The light source module is made up of tungsten halogen lamp light source, the first speculum and collimating mirror；Tungsten halogen element in first speculum
The picture of lamp source is on the focal plane of collimating mirror；The collimating mirror is parallel to each other with schlieren mirror.
The photosensitive plate includes optical detection circuit, background board and more than 1 photodiode installed thereon composition；It is described
Optical detection circuit includes resistance RF, resistance RL, photodiode and CMOS input amplifiers, it is defeated that photodiode is connected across CMOS
Enter between the positive input of amplifier and reverse input end, resistance RFIt is connected on the reverse input ends of CMOS input amplifiers and defeated
Go out between end, resistance RLIt is connected between the output end of CMOS input amplifiers and ground.
Technical scheme two：
The fault detection method of the failure detector of the described null value low resistance insulator based on the hot schlieren distribution of air,
Comprise the following steps：
Step 1：Gather the curve of insulator normal work：The curve of insulator normal work is r1=(x (t), y (t)),
Wherein x (t) is that x-axis voltage changes with time on photosensitive plate when insulator is normal, and y (t) is y-axis voltage on photosensitive plate with the time
Change；Its slope is：
Step 2：Gather detection curve during insulator work to be detected：Detection curve is r2=(p (t), q (t)), wherein
P (t) for detection when photosensitive plate on x-axis voltage change with time, q (t) for detection when photosensitive plate on y-axis voltage with the time change
Change；Its slope is：
Step 3：Similarity determination：It is made up of step in detail below：
Step 3-1：Calculate relevance measure：
Step 3-2：Calculate the distance between curve and detection curve of insulator normal work：
Wherein | | | |2Represent L2；
Step 3-3：Whether judging distance is less than predetermined threshold value ε, if it is, turning to step 3-4：
Step 3-4：Calculate similitude integrated value：
Step 3-5：Judge whether integrated value is more than predetermined threshold value, if it is, judging interior insulator existing defects, otherwise
Judge that insulator is normal.
Using having technical effect that acquired by above-mentioned technical proposal：
1st, the present invention detects null value low resistance insulator defect by detecting the hot schlieren distribution of air near insulator
Method.This method is different from surrounding insulator using null value, the heating of low resistance insulator, and then causes its surrounding air schlieren point
Cloth is different, to detect faulty insulator at a distance, this method is directly perceived, reliable, can use manpower and material resources sparingly, with larger engineering
Actual application value.
2nd, the present invention receives signal using photosensitive plate, and light intensity signal directly is converted into electric signal, data processing is facilitated,
Convenient and cost is brought in practical operation than relatively low.
Brief description of the drawings
The present invention is further detailed explanation with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Fig. 1 schlieren schematic diagrams；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of photosensitive plate in embodiment 1；
Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams of the optical detection circuit of photosensitive plate in embodiment 1；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of embodiment 1.
Wherein：1st, tungsten halogen lamp light source 2, the first speculum 3, collimating mirror 4, transmission region 5, light source module；6th, absolutely
Edge substring 7, schlieren mirror 8, the second speculum 9, edge of a knife device 10, photosensitive plate 11, schlieren acquisition module 12, data processing mould
Block
Embodiment
Embodiment 1：
A kind of failure detector of the null value low resistance insulator based on the hot schlieren distribution of air, it is characterised in that：Including
Light source module, the schlieren acquisition module being made up of schlieren mirror, the second plane mirror, edge of a knife device and photosensitive plate, data processing
Module and computer；The transmission region center of the light source module is with insulating subcenter in same level, and direct projection line
Ying Jing centers；Schlieren mirror center and transmission region center are vertical with the directional light that light source module is launched to put in same level
Put；The light level that schlieren mirror reflects is projected edge of a knife device, the center of edge of a knife device and the second speculum by the second plane mirror
Center is in same level；
The parallel optical signal that the light source module is produced, through perturbing area residing for insulator after connect by schlieren acquisition module
Receive, the optical signal of reception is converted into schlieren imaging electric signal output to data processing module by schlieren signal acquisition module, described
Data processing module is digitized to schlieren imaging electric signal, filter and range-adjusting processing after, transmit it to computer；
Image is carried out by computer to show and breakdown judge；The computer loads detection module, and detection module believes obtained numeral
The smooth surface chart picture of test number is fitted to, normal smooth surface chart picture during by it with insulator normal work is carried out at correlation
Reason, calculates coefficient correlation and judges whether faulty insulator.
The light source module is made up of tungsten halogen lamp light source, the first speculum and collimating mirror；Tungsten halogen element in first speculum
The picture of lamp source is on the focal plane of collimating mirror；The collimating mirror is parallel to each other with schlieren mirror.
The photosensitive plate includes optical detection circuit, background board and more than 1 photodiode installed thereon composition；It is described
Optical detection circuit includes resistance RF, resistance RL, photodiode and CMOS input amplifiers, it is defeated that photodiode is connected across CMOS
Enter between the positive input of amplifier and reverse input end, resistance RFIt is connected on the reverse input ends of CMOS input amplifiers and defeated
Go out between end, resistance RLIt is connected between the output end of CMOS input amplifiers and ground.
Embodiment 2：
The fault detect side of the failure detector of the described null value low resistance insulator based on the hot schlieren distribution of air
Method, comprises the following steps：
Step 1：Gather the curve of insulator normal work：The curve of insulator normal work is r1=(x (t), y (t)),
Wherein x (t) is that x-axis voltage changes with time on photosensitive plate when insulator is normal, and y (t) is y-axis voltage on photosensitive plate with the time
Change；Its slope is：
Step 2：Gather detection curve during insulator work to be detected：Detection curve is r2=(p (t), q (t)), wherein
P (t) for detection when photosensitive plate on x-axis voltage change with time, q (t) for detection when photosensitive plate on y-axis voltage with the time change
Change；Its slope is：
Step 3：Similarity determination：It is made up of step in detail below：
Step 3-1：Calculate relevance measure：
Step 3-2：Calculate the distance between curve and detection curve of insulator normal work：
Wherein | | | |2Represent L2；
Step 3-3：Whether judging distance is less than predetermined threshold value ε, if it is, turning to step 3-4：
Step 3-4：Calculate similitude integrated value：
Step 3-5：Judge whether integrated value is more than predetermined threshold value, if it is, judging interior insulator existing defects, otherwise
Judge that insulator is normal.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of failure detector of the null value low resistance insulator based on the hot schlieren distribution of air, it is characterised in that：Including light
Source module, the schlieren acquisition module being made up of schlieren mirror, the second plane mirror, edge of a knife device and photosensitive plate, data processing mould
Block and computer；The transmission region center of the light source module is with insulating subcenter in same level, and direct projection schlieren
Mirror center；Schlieren mirror center is with transmission region center in same level, and the directional light launched with light source module is disposed vertically；
The light level that schlieren mirror reflects is projected edge of a knife device, the center of edge of a knife device and the second mirror center by the second plane mirror
In same level；The parallel optical signal that the light source module is produced, through perturbing area residing for insulator after gathered by schlieren
Module is received, and the optical signal of reception is converted into schlieren imaging electric signal output to data processing mould by schlieren signal acquisition module
Block, the data processing module is digitized to schlieren imaging electric signal, filter and range-adjusting processing after, transmit it to
Computer；Image is carried out by computer to show and breakdown judge；The computer loads detection module, and detection module will be obtained
Data signal is fitted to the smooth surface chart picture of test, and normal smooth surface chart picture during by it with insulator normal work carries out phase
The processing of closing property, calculates coefficient correlation and judges whether null value, low resistance insulator.
2. the failure detector of the null value low resistance insulator according to claim 1 based on the hot schlieren distribution of air, its
It is characterised by：Light source module is made up of tungsten halogen lamp light source, the first speculum and collimating mirror；Tungsten halogen lamp light in first speculum
The picture in source is on the focal plane of collimating mirror；The collimating mirror is parallel to each other with schlieren mirror.
3. the failure detector of the null value low resistance insulator according to claim 1 based on the hot schlieren distribution of air, its
It is characterised by：The photosensitive plate includes optical detection circuit, background board and more than 1 photodiode installed thereon composition；Institute
Stating optical detection circuit includes resistance RF, resistance RL, photodiode and CMOS input amplifiers, photodiode is connected across CMOS
Between the positive input and reverse input end of input amplifier, resistance RFBe connected on CMOS input amplifiers reverse input end and
Between output end, resistance RLIt is connected between the output end of CMOS input amplifiers and ground.
4. the event of the failure detector for the null value low resistance insulator based on the hot schlieren distribution of air described in claim 1
Hinder detection method, comprise the following steps：
Step 1：Gather the curve of insulator normal work：The curve of insulator normal work is r1=(x (t), y (t)), wherein
X (t) is that x-axis voltage changes with time on photosensitive plate when insulator is normal, and y (t) is change of the y-axis voltage on photosensitive plate with the time
Change, its slope is：
Step 2：Gather detection curve during insulator work to be detected：Detection curve is r2=(p (t), q (t)), wherein p (t)
X-axis voltage changes with time on photosensitive plate during for detection, and y-axis voltage changes with time on photosensitive plate when q (t) is detection；
Its slope is：
Step 3：Similarity determination：It is made up of step in detail below：
Step 3-1：Calculate relevance measure：
Step 3-2：Calculate the distance between curve and detection curve of insulator normal work：
Wherein | | | |2Represent L2；
Step 3-3：Whether judging distance is less than predetermined threshold value ε, if it is, turning to step 3-4：
Step 3-4：Calculate similitude integrated value：
Step 3-5：Judge whether integrated value is more than predetermined threshold value, if it is, judging interior insulator existing defects, otherwise judge
Insulator is normal.
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| CN113899657A (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-01-07 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所 | Compressible Reynolds stress measurement method based on composite schlieren technology |
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| CN113899657A (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-01-07 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所 | Compressible Reynolds stress measurement method based on composite schlieren technology |
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