CN102519625B - A kind of method utilizing Fiber Bragg Grating Temperature sensor measurement porcelain insulator temperature - Google Patents
A kind of method utilizing Fiber Bragg Grating Temperature sensor measurement porcelain insulator temperature Download PDFInfo
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- CN102519625B CN102519625B CN201110428679.0A CN201110428679A CN102519625B CN 102519625 B CN102519625 B CN 102519625B CN 201110428679 A CN201110428679 A CN 201110428679A CN 102519625 B CN102519625 B CN 102519625B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method utilizing Fiber Bragg Grating Temperature sensor measurement porcelain insulator temperature, belong to technical field of electronic measurement, first Fiber Bragg Grating Temperature sensing device is fixed on the outside surface of porcelain insulator steel cap and the lower surface of porcelain insulator porcelain dish; Then the change of porcelain insulator temperature is utilized to cause the change of optical fiber Bragg raster wavelength, by the variation relation formula of optical fiber Bragg raster wavelength and temperature
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method utilizing Fiber Bragg Grating Temperature sensor measurement porcelain insulator temperature, belong to technical field of electronic measurement.
Background technology
Insulator in porcelain insulator string, long-time running outdoor to expose to the sun and rain etc. rugged surroundings condition under, bear the effect of electric load, mechanical force, electric power and internal stress, thus the Ageing of Insulators may be caused, cracking the fault such as even to puncture, occur that insulation degradation, leakage current increase, even form null value; Once deterioration occurs porcelain insulator, just may there is serious electric fault, thus affect the normal operation of electric system, bring massive losses to electric system.
Because filthy porcelain insulator under normal operation surface insulation resistance is very large, the leakage current flowing through pollution layer is minimum, and when insulator pollution layer makes moist or drenches dew, leakage current can slowly increase, electric current will produce Joule heat when flowing through pollution layer, so that the temperature on porcelain insulator surface raises.Porcelain insulator gradation for surface pollution is different, and leakage current is also different, and such Temperature Distribution also can be thereupon different, filth is more serious, leakage current is larger, and temperature variation is just remarkable, so can judge the duty of porcelain insulator by measuring porcelain insulator temperature.
Have in prior art " based on infrared thermal imagery AC power transmission line porcelain zero resistance insulator online test method ".(application number: 200810143510.9), the solving porcelain insulator temperature and must measure problem of part, but, infrared thermal imagery established law detects porcelain insulator and belongs to non-contact detection, it is remote detection, easily be subject to the interference of various noise, have the feature of strong noise and low contrast, image information and feature are easily partly by noise takeover; Porcelain insulator is often erected in outdoor environment, and long-time running is under the rugged environment such as to expose to the sun and rain, and infrared thermography detects that to be often subject to porcelain insulator surrounding environment influence very big, causes the inaccurate of testing result; Infrared thermography adopts the method for manual inspection, at substantial manpower and materials, and because monitoring result is very large by the impact of human factor, often having can not the phenomenon of exception of Timeliness coverage porcelain insulator.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method utilizing Fiber Bragg Grating Temperature sensor measurement porcelain insulator temperature, realize the real-time accurate measurements to porcelain insulator, decrease the impact of surrounding environment on porcelain insulator temperature measurement result.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: the outside surface of steel cap and the lower surface of porcelain dish that first Fiber Bragg Grating Temperature sensing device are fixed on each porcelain insulator in porcelain insulator string; Then the change of porcelain insulator temperature is utilized to cause the change of optical fiber Bragg raster wavelength, by the variation relation formula of optical fiber Bragg raster wavelength and temperature
, calculate the changing value of each porcelain insulator steel cap and porcelain dish temperature, and then obtain the difference of temperature variation of steel cap corresponding between adjacent insulator and porcelain dish; Finally be no more than 1K according to the temperature difference between insulator adjacent under normal operating conditions, under the temperature difference of surveyed adjacent porcelain insulator and normal operating conditions between adjacent insulator the temperature difference compare, thus judge the duty of porcelain insulator.
When steel cap or any one temperature difference of porcelain dish are more than 1K between adjacent insulator, can judge that insulator is in abnormal operating state; When the temperature difference is less than 1K, can judge that insulator is in normal operating conditions.
The selection of described temperature measurement location: when the insulation list class value of porcelain insulator is reduced to 300 ~ 10M Ω, heating power is greater than normal porcelain insulator, its temperature raises, and low resistance insulator thermal imagery feature mainly steel cap temperature is higher, and between adjacent sheet, the temperature difference will more than 1K; When Faulty insulator resistance value reduces further, heating power is on a declining curve, and the temperature that zero resistance insulator thermal imagery feature shows as steel cap is on the low side; So, select the detection steel cap of porcelain insulator being carried out to temperature.Simultaneously when porcelain insulator surface filth electric current increases, form adstante febre, it is higher than normal porcelain insulator temperature, its thermal imagery feature main manifestations is the hot zone centered by porcelain dish, so, Fiber Bragg Grating Temperature sensing device is arranged on the lower surface of porcelain insulator porcelain dish, porcelain insulator porcelain dish part is carried out to the detection of temperature.
Described temperature sensor can select common Fiber Bragg Grating Temperature sensor; The fixing means of described Fiber Bragg Grating Temperature sensor can adopt conventional fixed form.
Mathematics model analysis of the present invention is as follows:
When the change of porcelain insulator surface temperature causes Fiber Bragg Grating Temperature to change, owing to crossing thermal expansion effects and the optical fiber thermo-optic effect of optical fiber, cause the change of reflection peak wavelengths.
The peak wavelength reflected:
(1)
Carry out temperature T differentiate to (1) formula can obtain:
(2)
By (1), (2), can obtain
(3)
In (3) formula
for the temperature coefficient of sensor,
for the change of wavelength,
for the thermal expansion system of optical fiber.So the displacement of fiber-optical grating temperature sensor Bragg wavelength and temperature be changing into linear relationship.
Then porcelain insulator temperature variation:
（4）
When aging, cracking, insulation degradation appear in insulator in porcelain insulator string, Joule heat will be produced when electric current flows through pollution layer, so that the temperature on porcelain insulator surface raises.Porcelain insulator gradation for surface pollution is different, and leakage current is also different, and such Temperature Distribution also can be thereupon different, and filth is more serious, and leakage current is larger, and temperature variation just significantly.Utilize the porcelain insulator temperature under the temperature information of the porcelain insulator obtained and normal operating conditions to carry out temperature standard to compare, thus, judge whether porcelain insulator normally works.
Determination methods of the present invention: when calculating the changing value of each porcelain insulator steel cap and porcelain dish temperature, and then the difference of temperature variation obtaining steel cap corresponding between adjacent insulator and porcelain dish; Finally be no more than 1K according to the temperature difference between insulator adjacent under normal operating conditions, under the temperature difference of surveyed adjacent porcelain insulator and normal operating conditions between adjacent insulator the temperature difference compare, thus judge the duty of porcelain insulator.
When steel cap or any one temperature difference of porcelain dish are more than 1K between adjacent insulator, can judge that insulator is in abnormal operating state; When the temperature difference is less than 1K, can judge that insulator is in normal operating conditions.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, for the fixed point monitoring of porcelain insulator two common heating positions, measure more accurately, more targeted.
2, utilizing Double fiber Bragg gratings porcelain insulator to detect, is real-time data collection, not only can understand temperature variation, and can be described in detail porcelain insulator thermal characteristics, heterogeneity phantom.
3, optical fiber Bragg raster is contact type measurement, thus decreases the impact of outdoor environment on porcelain insulator testing result.
4, do not need to coordinate manual inspection, reduce artificial measuring error, save human resources simultaneously.
In sum, Fiber Bragg Grating Temperature sensor has that structure is simple, size is little, and electromagnetism interference, anticorrosive, not by external environment influence, the fault that can be used for electric system and electric insulation field detects in real time.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is common implementation method of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the arrangement of temperature sensor schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 2;
Fig. 3 is the paste position schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 2 temperature sensor;
Fig. 4 is the embodiment of the present invention 2 pairs of porcelain insulator string instrumentation plans;
Fig. 5 is the arrangement of temperature sensor schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 3;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation that the temperature sensor of the embodiment of the present invention 3 is fixed on porcelain dish;
Fig. 7 is the paste position schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 3 temperature sensor;
Fig. 8 is the embodiment of the present invention 3 pairs of porcelain insulator string instrumentation plans.
In figure: 1-porcelain insulator steel cap, 2-have the optical fiber Bragg grating sensor of ceramic package, the porcelain dish structure of 3-porcelain insulator, 4-optical fiber Bragg raster, the encapsulation of 5-potsherd, 6-optical fiber, 7-silicone rubber sleeve, the elastic collar of 8-silicon rubber material, 9-optical fiber Bragg raster thermometric elastic annular sensor.
Specific embodiments
In order to better realize this method, the present invention also proposes two kinds of specific embodiments.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, common fiber Bragg temperature sensor is separately fixed at the outside surface of steel cap and the lower surface of porcelain dish of each porcelain insulator in porcelain insulator string; Then the change of porcelain insulator temperature is utilized to cause the change of optical fiber Bragg raster wavelength, by the variation relation formula of optical fiber Bragg raster wavelength and temperature
, calculate the changing value of each porcelain insulator steel cap and porcelain dish temperature, and then obtain the difference of temperature variation of steel cap corresponding between adjacent insulator and porcelain dish; Finally be no more than 1K according to the temperature difference between insulator adjacent under normal operating conditions, under the temperature difference of surveyed adjacent porcelain insulator and normal operating conditions between adjacent insulator the temperature difference compare, thus judge the duty of porcelain insulator.
When steel cap or any one temperature difference of porcelain dish are more than 1K between adjacent insulator, can judge that insulator is in abnormal operating state; When the temperature difference is less than 1K, can judge that insulator is in normal operating conditions.
The fixing means of fiber Bragg temperature sensor adopts the mode of epoxy resin stickup.
Embodiment 2
Present invention also offers a kind of Fiber Bragg Grating Temperature sensor with ceramic package, as shown in Figure 2, comprise optical fiber Bragg raster 4, potsherd 5, optical fiber 6 and silicone rubber sleeve 7; Optical fiber Bragg raster 4 is packaged in potsherd 5, and its middle grating department divides and do not contact with encapsulating material, freely unsettled, and the part that after encapsulation, optical fiber 6 is drawn is set with protection by silicone rubber sleeve 7, becomes the Fiber Bragg Grating Temperature sensor 2 with ceramic package.
The fiber Bragg temperature sensor with ceramic package can adopt the mode of directly pasting to fix, as shown in Figure 3, epoxy resin is utilized by the Fiber Bragg Grating Temperature sensor 2 with ceramic package to be pasted onto porcelain insulator steel cap 1 outside surface, to the detection that porcelain insulator steel caps divides 1 to carry out temperature; Utilize epoxy resin to be pasted onto porcelain insulator porcelain dish 3 lower surface the Fiber Bragg Grating Temperature sensor 2 with ceramic package, porcelain insulator porcelain dish 3 part is carried out to the detection of temperature.
As shown in Figure 4: utilize Fiber Bragg Grating Temperature sensor 2 to measure many groups, thus formed there is the porcelain insulator string of temperature self-checking brake.
Better fixing in order to realize, the present invention also improves this Fiber Bragg Grating Temperature sensor with potsherd encapsulation, as shown in Figure 5, the Fiber Bragg Grating Temperature sensor 2 with ceramic package to be embedded in the silicon rubber elastic collar 8 and to draw Fiber Bragg Grating Temperature sensor extension line, form optical fiber Bragg raster thermometric elastic annular sensor 9, as Fig. 6, shown in 7, in the middle of the outside surface being set in porcelain insulator cylindrical steel cap 1 and porcelain dish type 3 lower surface space, porcelain insulator steel cap 1 and porcelain dish 3 part are carried out to the monitoring of temperature.
As shown in Figure 8, utilize optical fiber Bragg raster thermometric elastic annular sensor 9 to measure many groups, thus form the porcelain insulator string with temperature self-checking brake.
On material, choose potsherd, identical with porcelain insulator material; Silicon rubber is a kind of hydrophobic nature insulating material, under outdoor high voltage operation environment, both ensure that, the character of insulator High-Voltage Insulation, enhances stain resistance under outdoor environment.Structurally, under the prerequisite not changing the outside basic structure of porcelain insulator, use potsherd encapsulation, both can reduce the impact that environment detects sensor temperature, there is again the effect of protection sensor.Utilize silicon rubber elastic packaged fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor, strengthen the insulating property of sensor; Utilize silicon rubber elastic endless means to install, compared with bonding method, mounting means is simpler and easy.
The change of porcelain insulator temperature causes the change of optical fiber Bragg raster wavelength, by the variation relation of optical fiber Bragg raster wavelength and temperature, calculates the change of porcelain insulator temperature; Finally compare according to the temperature at the temperature of surveyed porcelain insulator and normal operating conditions, thus judge the duty of porcelain insulator.
The present invention is described by specific implementation process, without departing from the present invention, various conversion and equivalent replacement can also be carried out to patent of invention, therefore, patent of the present invention is not limited to disclosed specific implementation process, and should comprise the whole embodiments fallen within the scope of Patent right requirement of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a Fiber Bragg Grating Temperature measuring method for porcelain insulator Fiber Bragg Grating Temperature sensor is fixed on the outside surface of porcelain insulator steel cap and the lower surface of porcelain dish; It is characterized in that: provide a kind of Fiber Bragg Grating Temperature sensor with ceramic package, be packaged in potsherd (5) by optical fiber Bragg raster (4), and its middle grating department divides and does not contact with encapsulating material, freely unsettled, the part that after encapsulation, optical fiber (6) is drawn is set with protection by silicone rubber sleeve (7), becomes the Fiber Bragg Grating Temperature sensor (2) with ceramic package; And utilize epoxy resin to be pasted onto porcelain insulator steel cap (1) outside surface the Fiber Bragg Grating Temperature sensor (2) with ceramic package, porcelain insulator steel cap (1) part is carried out to the detection of temperature; Utilize epoxy resin to be pasted onto porcelain insulator porcelain dish (3) lower surface the Fiber Bragg Grating Temperature sensor (2) with ceramic package, porcelain insulator porcelain dish (3) part is carried out to the detection of temperature; The Fiber Bragg Grating Temperature sensor (2) with potsherd encapsulation is improved, to be embedded in the silicon rubber elastic collar (8) and to draw Fiber Bragg Grating Temperature sensor extension line, forming optical fiber Bragg raster thermometric elastic annular sensor (9); Then the variation relation formula of porcelain insulator temperature is utilized
wherein S
tfor the temperature coefficient of sensor; Δ λ
bfor wavelength variable quantity; λ
bfor wavelength value; Calculate the changing value of each porcelain insulator steel cap and porcelain dish temperature, and then obtain steel cap corresponding between adjacent insulator and the temperature variation difference of porcelain dish; Finally be no more than 1K according to temperature difference between insulator adjacent under normal operating conditions, under the temperature difference of surveyed adjacent porcelain insulator and normal operating conditions between adjacent insulator the temperature difference compare, thus judge the duty of porcelain insulator.
2. the Fiber Bragg Grating Temperature measuring method of porcelain insulator according to claim 1, is characterized in that: when between adjacent insulator, steel cap or any one temperature difference of porcelain dish are more than 1K, then judge that insulator is in abnormal operating state; When the temperature difference is less than 1K, then judge that insulator is in normal operating conditions.
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| CN106934802B (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2020-10-27 | 国家电网公司 | Decision tree-based cracked porcelain insulator judgment and diagnosis method |
| CN110703055B (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2021-08-10 | 三峡大学 | Infrared detection method for zero-value insulator |
| CN111141996B (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2022-06-14 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Porcelain insulator infrared detection threshold optimization method and system based on generalized extreme value theory and storage medium |
| CN113884500B (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2024-08-06 | 国家电网有限公司 | Porcelain insulator defect detection method based on ultraviolet imaging |
| CN113984242A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-01-28 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Temperature field measuring method of three-pillar insulator |
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| CN1387064A (en) * | 2001-05-22 | 2002-12-25 | 瑟迪崴(有限公司)玻璃与混合柱型隔离器欧洲公司 | Electric composite insulator contg, combined fibre-optical sensor |
| CN201016813Y (en) * | 2007-02-02 | 2008-02-06 | 西安交通大学 | High-voltage charged body temperature on-line monitoring device |
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| US8306373B2 (en) * | 2009-05-15 | 2012-11-06 | General Electric Company | Fiber Bragg grating sensing package and system for gas turbine temperature measurement |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1387064A (en) * | 2001-05-22 | 2002-12-25 | 瑟迪崴(有限公司)玻璃与混合柱型隔离器欧洲公司 | Electric composite insulator contg, combined fibre-optical sensor |
| CN201016813Y (en) * | 2007-02-02 | 2008-02-06 | 西安交通大学 | High-voltage charged body temperature on-line monitoring device |
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