CN107238779B - A kind of fault distance-finding method of active power distribution network - Google Patents
A kind of fault distance-finding method of active power distribution network Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/086—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution networks, i.e. with interconnected conductors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/50—Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
- Y04S10/52—Outage or fault management, e.g. fault detection or location
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of fault distance-finding methods of active power distribution network, it the following steps are included: obtain the data of active power distribution network first, secondly each power supply section is judged to confirm fault section, then trouble point downstream is calculated to the Injection Current of fault point using forward-backward sweep method, furthermore calculate the voltage phasor and electric current phasor of fault section downstream, and calculate the nominal position of fault point, finally calculate fault point to substation distance.The present invention considers the access of distributed generation resource multiple spot, the fault localization of active power distribution network need only just be can be carried out by using the synchronizing current phasor of local voltage electric current phasor and distributed generation resource, and the positioning for fault section is achieved that by comparing two sections of section of electric current, by calculating fault current and realizing the positioning distance measuring for failure from contribution degree of the trouble point downstream electric current to fault current, suitable for the fault localization in the case where the access of multiple spot distributed generation resource.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fault distance-finding methods of active power distribution network, belong to distribution network automated technical field.
Background technique
Various distributed generation resources constantly access power distribution network, and the permeability of distributed generation resource is also constantly promoted, and what this all made has
The fault location technology of source power distribution network, which becomes, ensures one of power supply reliability and the key technology of power supply quality.In regular distribution net
In, it can't detect fault current at trouble point downstream switch using fault current is able to detect that at the upstream switch of fault point
The positioning of phenomenon realization fault section.And in the active power distribution network of distributed generation resource hypersynchronous, what distributed generation resource provided
Short circuit current may make the fault current for flowing through trouble point downstream switch be greater than overcurrent setting valve, lead to conventional fault location
Method failure.
Both at home and abroad for influence and corresponding solution of the distributed generation resource to active power distribution network fault location research at
Fruit is mainly to concentrate on carrying out event using impedance method, synchronous machine approximate model method or using the method for synchronizing voltage electric current phasor
Barrier positioning, it is above-mentioned at present to be based on synchronized phasor localization method, it needs to install synchronous phasor measuring device and high speed number additional at switch
According to acquisition system, realize that fault section is fixed by comparing being in communication with each other between two sections of route of phasors difference and intelligent terminal
Position, but can not determine the distance that failure occurs, these approaches increases amounts of calculation, and only only access one in consideration system
The case where a distributed generation resource, does not account for distributed generation resource multiple spot access situation.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiency of above-mentioned multi-objective optimization algorithm, it is suitable for distributed generation resource multiple spot the invention proposes one kind and accesses
In the case of active power distribution network fault distance-finding method, can be realized the fault localization of active power distribution network.
The present invention solves its technical problem and adopts the technical scheme that:
The fault distance-finding method of a kind of active power distribution network provided by the invention, characterized in that the following steps are included: obtaining first
Active power distribution network data, secondly each power supply section is judged to confirm fault section, then using being pushed forward back substitution
Method calculates trouble point downstream to the Injection Current of fault point, furthermore calculates the voltage phasor and electric current phase of fault section downstream
It measures, and calculates the nominal position of fault point, finally the distance of calculating fault point to substation.
Preferably, the data of the source power distribution network include topology, the electric parameter of load and route and substation therefore
The synchronizing current phasor of voltage and current phasor and distributed generation resource when barrier.
The fault distance-finding method of another kind active power distribution network provided by the invention, characterized in that the following steps are included:
Step 1, the data of active power distribution network are obtained；
The data of the active power distribution network include at least following data: electric parameter, the substation of topology, load and route
The synchronizing current phasor of voltage and current phasor and distributed generation resource in failure；
If failure occurs between node k and k+1, then the voltage of fault point is expressed as:
Wherein, VfFor the voltage of fault point, IfFor the electric current of fault point, Φ is three rank unit matrixs, m be failure away from
From Zk,k+1For the series impedance matrix of route, YkFor the shunt admittance matrix of route,For the electricity of fault section starting point k
Pressure,For the electric current of fault section starting point k；
The electric current of fault point is expressed as:
Wherein,The electric current of fault point is injected for fault point upstream,The electric current of fault point is injected for trouble point downstream；
Fault point upstream Injection Current are as follows:
The resistance of following fault point is obtained by formula (1) and formula (2) are as follows:
Wherein,WithRespectively indicate the voltage of fault point the i-th phase and jth phase, λiAnd λjRespectively indicate fault point
The state of each phase, the i.e. phase fault are then 1, are otherwise 0；
Step 2, judgement confirmation fault section is carried out to power supply section, ifThen IkFor on failure prior fault section
Swim the electric current phasor at the k of end；
Step 3, if the ratio between electric current and downstream electric current of the fault section upstream end of power supply section η are less than or equal to reference
Step 4 is then gone to when value ε, is otherwise gone to step 2 and is carried out judging next power supply section；
Step 4, trouble point downstream is calculated to the Injection Current of fault point using forward-backward sweep method；
It is pushed forward back substitution method according in Load flow calculation, trouble point downstream pair is calculated using Fibonacci search algorithm
The Injection Current of fault point
In back substitution process, the voltage at+1 end of kth is expressed as:
Wherein,WithThe three-phase voltage vector at+1 end of kth and kth end is respectively indicated,Indicate the three of+1 end of kth
Phase current vector, A and B are impedance matrix；
In back substitution process, kth end is expressed as with the voltage at+1 end of kth, the relationship of electric current phasor:
Wherein,Indicate that the three-phase current vector at kth end, c and d are impedance matrix；
When fault section connects distributed generation resource, if synchronization measured by intelligent electronic device at the distributed generation resource
Electric current phasor is IIED, then the current phasor at+1 end of kth indicates are as follows:
When being pushed forward back substitution process and going to reference voltage terminal error less than reference value ε, obtain
Step 5, the voltage and current phasor of fault section downstream is calculated, and calculates failure using Fibonacci search algorithm
Q sections of downstream Injection Currents in section；
In the case where being segmented multi-joint network, the state at+1 end of fault section kth is calculated and is updated by formula (8), i.e., more
Wherein,For the three-phase current phasor at+1 end of kth,To be pooled to every other section of+1 end of kth electricity when failure
Flow the sum of phasor；
When being distributed formula power supply, formula (9) is rewritten are as follows:
In formula,The fault current provided when being failure by distributed generation resource；
Due toIt is the function about fault section internal fault distance m, therefore determining fault section is equally divided into n
Section, then every section of downstream Injection Current is expressed asIt is injected using the downstream that Fibonacci search algorithm calculates each fault section
Electric current；
Step 6, if the ratio between electric current and downstream electric current of the fault section upstream end of power supply section η are less than or equal to reference
Step 7 is then gone to when value ε, otherwise goes to the downstream Injection Current that step 4 calculates next fault section；
Step 7, the distance that failure occurs is calculated；
Work as satisfaction
And q≤n (11)
When, then nominal position of the failure in section are as follows:
In formula, mntTo make section nominal length when formula (4) value minimum, i.e. 0≤mnt≤ 1, mqAnd mq-1It is expressed as
Q sections and q-1 sections of the fault section nominal ranges to section upstream endpoint；
Distance of the fault point to substation are as follows:
Wherein, diFor the length of i-th section of feeder line, dkIndicate the length of fault section feeder line.
Preferably, power supply section fault section upstream end electric current and downstream electric current it
Criterion than η and reference value ε is as follows:
η≤ε (14)
Wherein, ε ∈ [0.3,0.5] and be definite value.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
The present invention considers the access of distributed generation resource multiple spot, need only be by using local voltage electric current phasor and distributed electrical
The synchronizing current phasor in source just can be carried out the fault localization of active power distribution network, and can be real by comparing two sections of section of electric current
Referring now to the positioning of fault section；It passes through installing intelligent terminal IED monitoring at each distributed generation resource on the line
Synchronizing current phasor, by calculate fault current and from contribution degree of the trouble point downstream electric current to fault current realize for
The positioning distance measuring of failure, suitable for the fault localization in the case where the access of multiple spot distributed generation resource.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantage that
1, the case where fully considering the access of distributed generation resource multiple spot, the feelings without being limited to the access of distributed generation resource single-point
Condition；
2, it must just can be carried out by using the synchronizing current phasor of local voltage, electric current phasor and distributed generation resource active
Fault Location for Distribution Network；
3, only it need to just can determine fault section by comparing section upstream and downstream electric current；
4, main website is only involved in the localization of fault after fault section determines, fault section location is not required to main website participation
5, the investment for additionally increasing equipment is not needed.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 is the faulty line model schematic of the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Fig. 3 is the method flow diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Specific embodiment
In order to clarify the technical characteristics of the invention, below by specific embodiment, and its attached drawing is combined, to this hair
It is bright to be described in detail.Following disclosure provides many different embodiments or example is used to realize different knots of the invention
Structure.In order to simplify disclosure of the invention, hereinafter the component of specific examples and setting are described.In addition, the present invention can be with
Repeat reference numerals and/or letter in different examples.This repetition is that for purposes of simplicity and clarity, itself is not indicated
Relationship between various embodiments and/or setting is discussed.It should be noted that illustrated component is not necessarily to scale in the accompanying drawings
It draws.Present invention omits the descriptions to known assemblies and treatment technology and process to avoid the present invention is unnecessarily limiting.
For overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention is by calculating contribution of the distribution power on route to fault current
The fault localization to realize active power distribution network is spent, it is suitable for the active power distribution network failures in the case of the access of distributed generation resource multiple spot
Ranging.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of fault distance-finding method of active power distribution network of the invention, it the following steps are included: obtain first
Active power distribution network data, secondly each power supply section is judged to confirm fault section, then using being pushed forward back substitution
Method calculates trouble point downstream to the Injection Current of fault point, furthermore calculates the voltage phasor and electric current phase of fault section downstream
It measures, and calculates the nominal position of fault point, finally the distance of calculating fault point to substation.
Preferably, the data of the source power distribution network include topology, the electric parameter of load and route and substation therefore
The synchronizing current phasor of voltage and current phasor and distributed generation resource when barrier.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the fault distance-finding method of another active power distribution network of the invention, it the following steps are included:
Step 1, the data of active power distribution network are obtained；
Step 2, judgement confirmation fault section is carried out to power supply section, ifThen IkFor on failure prior fault section
Swim the electric current phasor at the k of end；
Step 3, if the ratio between electric current and downstream electric current of the fault section upstream end of power supply section η are less than or equal to reference
Step 4 is then gone to when value ε, is otherwise gone to step 2 and is carried out judging next power supply section；
Step 4, trouble point downstream is calculated to the Injection Current of fault point using forward-backward sweep method；
Step 5, the voltage and current phasor of fault section downstream is calculated, and calculates failure using Fibonacci search algorithm
Q sections of downstream Injection Currents in section；
Step 6, if the ratio between electric current and downstream electric current of the fault section upstream end of power supply section η are less than or equal to reference
Step 7 is then gone to when value ε, otherwise goes to the downstream Injection Current that step 4 calculates next fault section；
Step 7, the distance that failure occurs is calculated.
The specific implementation of embodiment 2 is as follows:
If failure occurs between node k and k+1, then the voltage of fault point can indicate are as follows:
Wherein, VfFor the voltage of fault point, IfFor the electric current of fault point, Φ is three rank unit matrixs, m be failure away from
From Zk,k+1For the series impedance matrix of route, YkFor the shunt admittance matrix of route,For the electricity of fault section starting point k
Pressure,For the electric current of fault section starting point k.And the electric current of fault point can indicate are as follows:
Wherein,The electric current of fault point is injected for fault point upstream,The electric current of fault point is injected for trouble point downstream.
The circuit model of failure is as shown in Figure 2.
Fault point upstream Injection Current are as follows:
By the resistance of formula (1) and the available following fault point of formula (2) are as follows:
WhereinWithRespectively indicate the voltage of fault point the i-th phase and jth phase, λiAnd λjRespectively indicate fault point
The state of each phase, the i.e. phase fault are then 1, are otherwise 0.
It is pushed forward back substitution method according in Load flow calculation, can be calculated under fault point using Fibonacci search algorithm
Swim the Injection Current to fault pointWhen physical fault occurs, all loads can be equivalent to resistance, and all distributions
Formula power supply can be equivalent to current source, therefore the STU at distributed generation resource is by measuring its available synchronizing current phasor.
During forward-backward sweep method, the voltage at+1 end of kth be may be expressed as:
WhereinWithThe three-phase voltage vector at+1 end of kth and kth end is respectively indicated,Indicate the three-phase at+1 end of kth
Current phasor, A and B are impedance matrix.In back substitution process, the relationship of the voltage and current phasor at kth end and+1 end of kth can be with table
It is shown as:
WhereinIndicate that the three-phase current vector at kth end, c and d are impedance matrix.If fault section connects distributed generation resource,
If synchronizing current phasor measured by the intelligent electronic device (IED) at distributed generation resource is IIED, then+1 end of kth
Current phasor is represented by
When currently pushing away back substitution process and going to reference voltage terminal error less than ε, so that it may obtain
In the case where being segmented multi-joint network, the state at+1 end of fault section kth can be calculated and be updated by formula (8) more,
I.e.
Wherein,In the three-phase current phasor at+1 end of kth when only to consider this section,To be pooled to kth+1 when failure
Hold the sum of every other section of electric current phasor.It is distributed formula power supply, then formula (9) can be rewritten as
In formulaThe fault current provided when being failure by distributed generation resource.
Due toIt is the function about fault section internal fault distance m, therefore determining fault section is equally divided into n
Section, then every section of downstream Injection Current is expressed asEvery section of downstream Injection Current is calculated using Fibonacci search algorithm, works as satisfaction
When, then nominal position of the failure in section are as follows:
M in formulantTo make section nominal length when formula (4) value minimum, i.e. 0≤mnt≤1mq, mq-1It is expressed as event
Hinder q sections and q-1 sections of the section nominal ranges for arriving section upstream endpoint.Therefore distance of the available failure away from substation
Are as follows:
Wherein, diFor the length of i-th section of feeder line, dkIndicate the length of fault section feeder line.
In the electric system of the prior art, the voltage variety of caused power supply line is not answered after distributed generation resource access
More than the 5% of power supply line, i.e., the ratio between the rated current of distributed generation resource and system short-circuit electric current when grid entry point short circuit are less than
5%, while distributed generation resource short circuit current is not more than 6 times of its rated current, therefore it can be concluded that practical active
In power distribution network, the short circuit current that distributed generation resource provides does not exceed the 30% of the short circuit current of system offer.It also means that
The ratio between electric current and downstream electric current of fault section upstream end are not more than 0.3.In view of load current and current transformer measure
The influence of the factors such as error, to fault location criterion, usually there are certain nargin, so setting identification fault section criterion is such as
Under:
η≤ε (14)
Wherein ε ∈ [0.3,0.5] and be definite value, which also can determine whether section where fault section internal fault point.
The present invention carries out the detailed process of fault location ranging as shown in figure 3, the active power distribution network fault localization step are as follows:
1) data of active power distribution network are obtained, such as topology, the electric parameter of load and route, substation are in failure
The synchronizing current phasor of voltage and current phasor and distributed generation resource；
2) each power supply section is judged, to confirm fault section, wherein settingAnd IkFor event before failure
Hinder the electric current phasor at the k of section upstream end；
If 3) meet formula (14) formula, goes to step 4 and carry out position of failure point judgement in fault section, otherwise go to step 2
Judge next section；
4) trouble point downstream is calculated to the Injection Current of fault point using forward-backward sweep method；
5) the voltage and current phasor of fault section downstream is calculated, and calculates fault section using Fibonacci search algorithm
In q sections of downstream Injection Currents；
If 6) meet formula (14), the nominal position that step 7 calculates fault point is gone to, step 4 is otherwise gone to and calculates failure
The downstream Injection Current that lower section of section；
7) distance that failure occurs is calculated to get the distance to fault point to substation according to formula (12) and (13).
By the way that installing intelligent terminal IED monitors synchronizing current phasor, benefit at each distributed generation resource on the line
With distance measuring method of the invention by calculating fault current and being realized from contribution degree of the trouble point downstream electric current to fault current
For the positioning distance measuring of failure.
The present invention has fully considered the case where distributed generation resource multiple spot access, need only be by using local voltage electric current phasor
And the method that the synchronizing current phasor of distributed generation resource just can be carried out active power distribution network fault localization, and by comparing section
Two sections of electric current achieves that the positioning for fault section.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, for those skilled in the art,
Without departing from the principles of the invention, several improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications are also regarded as this hair
Bright protection scope.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of fault distance-finding method of active power distribution network, characterized in that the following steps are included:
Step 1, the data of active power distribution network are obtained；
The data of the active power distribution network include at least following data: topology, the electric parameter of load and route, substation are in event
The synchronizing current phasor of voltage and current phasor and distributed generation resource when barrier；
If failure occurs between node k and k+1, then the voltage of fault point is expressed as:
Wherein, VfFor the voltage of fault point, Φ is three rank unit matrixs, and m is fault distance, Zk,k+1For the series impedance of route
Matrix, YkFor the shunt admittance matrix of route,For the three-phase voltage vector at kth end,For the three-phase current vector at kth end；
The electric current of fault point is expressed as:
Wherein,The electric current of fault point is injected for fault point upstream,The electric current of fault point is injected for trouble point downstream；
Fault point upstream Injection Current are as follows:
The resistance of following fault point is obtained by formula (1) and formula (2) are as follows:
Wherein,WithRespectively indicate the voltage of fault point the i-th phase and jth phase, λiAnd λjRespectively indicate the i-th phase of fault point
With the state of jth phase, i.e. the i-th phase and jth phase fault are then 1, are otherwise 0；
Step 2, judgement confirmation fault section is carried out to power supply section, ifThen IkFor failure prior fault section upstream end
Electric current phasor at k；
Step 3, if the ratio between electric current and downstream electric current of the fault section upstream end of power supply section η are less than or equal to reference value ε
Shi Ze goes to step 4, otherwise goes to step 2 and carries out judging next power supply section；
Step 4, trouble point downstream is calculated to the Injection Current of fault point using forward-backward sweep method；
It is pushed forward back substitution method according in Load flow calculation, trouble point downstream is calculated to failure using Fibonacci search algorithm
The Injection Current of point
In back substitution process, the voltage at+1 end of kth is expressed as:
Wherein,WithThe three-phase voltage vector at+1 end of kth and kth end is respectively indicated,Indicate the three-phase electricity at+1 end of kth
Flow vector, A and B are impedance matrix；
In back substitution process, kth end is expressed as with the voltage at+1 end of kth, the relationship of electric current phasor:
Wherein,Indicate that the three-phase current vector at kth end, c and d are impedance matrix；
When fault section connects distributed generation resource, if synchronizing current measured by intelligent electronic device at the distributed generation resource
Phasor is IIED, then the current phasor at+1 end of kth indicates are as follows:
When being pushed forward back substitution process and going to reference voltage terminal error less than reference value ε, obtain
Step 5, the voltage and current phasor of fault section downstream is calculated, and calculates fault section using Fibonacci search algorithm
In q sections of downstream Injection Currents；
In the case where being segmented multi-joint network, the state at+1 end of fault section kth is calculated and is updated by formula (8), i.e., more
Wherein,For the three-phase current phasor at+1 end of kth,To be pooled to every other section of+1 end of kth electric current phasor when failure
The sum of；
When being distributed formula power supply, formula (9) is rewritten are as follows:
In formula,The fault current provided when being failure by distributed generation resource；
Due toIt is the function about fault section internal fault distance m, therefore determining fault section is equally divided into n sections, then
Every section of downstream Injection Current is expressed asThe downstream Injection Current of each fault section is calculated using Fibonacci search algorithm；
Step 6, if the ratio between electric current and downstream electric current of the fault section upstream end of power supply section η are less than or equal to reference value ε
Shi Ze goes to step 7, otherwise goes to the downstream Injection Current that step 4 calculates next fault section；
Step 7, the distance that failure occurs is calculated；
Work as satisfaction
And q≤n (11)
When, then nominal position of the failure in section are as follows:
In formula, mntTo make section nominal length when formula (4) value minimum, i.e. 0≤mnt≤ 1, mqAnd mq-1It is expressed as failure
Q sections and q-1 sections of the section nominal ranges to section upstream endpoint；
Distance of the fault point to substation are as follows:
Wherein, diFor the length of i-th section of feeder line, dkIndicate the length of fault section feeder line.
2. a kind of fault distance-finding method of active power distribution network as described in claim 1, characterized in that in the failure of power supply section
The ratio between the electric current of section upstream end and downstream electric current η and the criterion of reference value ε are as follows:
η≤ε (14)
Wherein, ε ∈ [0.3,0.5] and be definite value.
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| CN107843810B (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2019-12-17 | 东南大学 | Active power distribution network fault section online positioning method based on state estimation |
| WO2019130071A1 (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-04 | Abb Schweiz Ag | Fault location in multi-terminal tapped lines |
| CN108387818A (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2018-08-10 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of fault distance-finding method suitable for the tree-shaped catalogue containing distributed generation resource |
| CN109375055B (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2020-10-09 | 国网河北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Detection method, system and device of phasor measurement system and storage medium |
| CN111525441B (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2021-08-03 | 国网湖南省电力有限公司 | Uninterrupted operation method for operation point |
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