CN107228492B - Fresnel solar concentrating collector and CPC manufacturing method - Google Patents
Fresnel solar concentrating collector and CPC manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107228492B CN107228492B CN201710655928.7A CN201710655928A CN107228492B CN 107228492 B CN107228492 B CN 107228492B CN 201710655928 A CN201710655928 A CN 201710655928A CN 107228492 B CN107228492 B CN 107228492B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a Fresnel solar concentrating collector which comprises a cavity, wherein a heat collecting pipe assembly and a CPC (compound parabolic concentrator) are arranged in the cavity, a linear Fresnel lens is arranged above the heat collecting pipe assembly, the axis of the heat collecting pipe assembly is arranged at the focal line of the linear Fresnel lens, and the heat collecting pipe assembly is arranged in the CPC to receive light reflected by the CPC. By using the Fresnel solar concentrating collector and the CPC manufacturing method disclosed by the invention, light is refracted by the linear Fresnel lens and enters the CPC, and is reflected into the heat collecting tube assembly through the CPC.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of solar energy utilization equipment, in particular to a Fresnel solar concentrating collector and a CPC manufacturing method.
Background
Solar energy has the advantages of being huge, general, long-lasting, harmless and the like, and due to the advantages, people have never stopped going on to explore the use of solar energy in recent years. However, solar energy also has the disadvantages of intermittence, dispersibility, randomness and the like, and the disadvantages restrict the utilization of solar energy. The Fresnel lens is an optical device with very wide application, can refract sunlight on a certain point or a certain line, and can increase the irradiation intensity of the sunlight by several times to tens times, and has good condensing effect. The application of the Fresnel lens greatly reduces the cost of the solar concentrating device. The existing solar concentrators are mainly divided into two types according to structures: one is a tracking class and one is a tracking-free class. The tracking solar concentrating collector can adjust the angle along with the change of the irradiation angle of the sunlight, has high precision requirement, complex structure and high cost; the tracking-free solar concentrating collector does not change along with the change of the irradiation angle of the sunlight, has lower cost and simple structure, but has unsatisfactory concentrating effect and lower solar energy absorptivity and utilization rate. The concentrating solar collector can realize medium and high temperature utilization of solar energy and meet the demands of life and industrial production.
In summary, how to effectively solve the problems of poor concentrating effect, low solar energy utilization rate and the like of the solar concentrating collector is a problem which needs to be solved by those skilled in the art at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a fresnel solar concentrating collector, which solves the problems of poor concentrating effect, low solar energy utilization rate, and the like of the solar concentrating collector.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the utility model provides a Fresnel solar concentrating collector, includes the cavity, be equipped with thermal-collecting tube subassembly and CPC (compound parabolic concentrator) in the cavity, the top of thermal-collecting tube subassembly is equipped with linear Fresnel lens, thermal-collecting tube subassembly's axis is located linear Fresnel lens's focal line department, thermal-collecting tube subassembly is located in the CPC in order to receive CPC reflection's light.
Preferably, the linear fresnel lens is arranged above the cavity, and the linear fresnel lens is slidably connected with the cavity to perform linear motion so as to adjust according to latitude changes.
Preferably, sliding rails are arranged at two ends of the top of the cavity, and the linear Fresnel lens is fixedly provided with a linear bearing which is matched with the sliding rails.
Preferably, the cavity is a closed cavity formed by a plexiglass plate.
Preferably, the heat collecting tube assembly is fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the cavity through heat collecting tube brackets at two ends of the heat collecting tube assembly, and side reflectors are vertically arranged on the heat collecting tube brackets respectively.
Preferably, the heat collecting tube assembly comprises a vacuum heat collecting tube and a heat collecting branch tube arranged in the vacuum heat collecting tube, wherein the vacuum heat collecting tube is a tube body with an opening at one side, and the heat collecting branch tube is a U-shaped heat collecting loop so as to enter and exit at the opening of the vacuum heat collecting tube.
Preferably, the CPC is disposed on the bottom plate of the cavity and is fixedly connected with the bottom plate via a CPC bracket.
Preferably, the inner wall surface of the evacuated collector tube is provided with a selective absorbing coating.
Preferably, the heat collecting branch pipe protrudes out of the side wall of the cavity and is connected with the heat collecting branch pipe through a waterproof breathable film.
Based on the Fresnel solar concentrating collector, the invention also provides a CPC manufacturing method, which comprises the following steps:
taking the inner diameter of a vacuum heat collection tube as a base circle, taking the center of the base circle as O, taking the horizontal direction of CPC as an X axis and taking the vertical direction as a Y axis, and constructing a rectangular X-Y rectangular coordinate system;
according to formula 1
r is the radius of the base circle, t is a parameter, and t=0-2 pi is used for obtaining a base circle involute A;
according to formula 2
θ max Obtaining a maximum receiving angle of CPC (continuous wave) through analog measurement of a linear Fresnel lens, and obtaining a clockwise rotation angle theta of the base circle involute A around the circle center O;
and (3) obtaining a base circle involute B symmetrical to the base circle involute A according to the Y axis, drawing a rotating involute and a paraboloid, and intercepting to obtain a reflecting surface curve of the CPC.
The Fresnel solar concentrating collector comprises a cavity, wherein a heat collecting tube assembly and a CPC are arranged in the cavity, a linear Fresnel lens is arranged above the heat collecting tube assembly, the axis of the heat collecting tube assembly is arranged at the focal line of the linear Fresnel lens, and the heat collecting tube assembly is arranged in the CPC to receive light reflected by the CPC. By using the Fresnel solar concentrating collector and the CPC manufacturing method provided by the invention, light is refracted by the linear Fresnel lens and enters the CPC, and is reflected into the heat collecting tube assembly through the CPC.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fresnel solar concentrating collector according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic front view of a fresnel solar concentrating collector according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a left-hand structural schematic diagram of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of FIG. 3;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural design diagram of a CPC according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The figures are marked as follows:
the linear Fresnel lens comprises a linear Fresnel lens 1, a sliding rail 2, an aluminum profile bracket 3, a linear bearing 4, an organic glass plate 5, a side reflecting mirror 6, a heat collecting branch pipe 7, a waterproof breathable film 8, a vacuum heat collecting pipe 9, a CPC bracket 10, a CPC11 and a heat collecting pipe bracket 12.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention discloses a Fresnel solar concentrating collector, which aims to solve the problems of poor concentrating effect, low solar energy utilization rate and the like of the solar concentrating collector.
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fresnel solar concentrating collector according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 2 is a schematic front view of a fresnel solar concentrating collector according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a left-hand structural schematic diagram of FIG. 2; FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of FIG. 3; fig. 5 is a schematic structural design diagram of a CPC according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In a specific embodiment, the fresnel solar concentrating collector provided by the invention comprises a cavity, wherein a heat collecting tube assembly and a CPC11 (compound parabolic concentrator) are arranged in the cavity, a linear fresnel lens 1 is arranged above the heat collecting tube assembly, the axis of the heat collecting tube assembly is arranged at the focal line of the linear fresnel lens 1, and the heat collecting tube assembly is arranged in the CPC11 to receive light reflected by the CPC 11.
The cavity is generally a closed cavity for preventing sundries from entering the cavity, CPC11 is arranged in the cavity, a heat collecting tube assembly is arranged in the CPC11, a linear Fresnel lens 1 is arranged above the heat collecting tube assembly, and the axis of the heat collecting tube assembly is arranged at the focal line of the linear Fresnel lens 1 and is collinear with the focal line of the linear Fresnel lens 1. When light rays vertically enter the linear Fresnel lens 1, the light rays are directly emitted into the heat collecting tube assembly, and when the light rays are obliquely emitted, the light rays are reflected through the CPC11 so as to be emitted into the heat collecting tube assembly, and it can be understood that the CPC11 is arranged according to the position and the inner diameter of the heat collecting tube assembly. The magnitude of the installation tilt angle of the linear fresnel lens 1 is determined according to the local geographical latitude position.
CPC11 is typically formed by bending a coated plastic PC (polycarbonate) soft mirror with a reflectivity of no less than 90%. The linear fresnel lens 1 is made of PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) material having a transmittance of not less than 93%.
By the Fresnel solar concentrating collector, light is refracted through the linear Fresnel lens 1 and enters the CPC11, and is reflected into the heat collecting tube assembly through the CPC11, and the device enables the light to be reflected on the evacuated heat collecting tube 9 assembly as much as possible through the cooperation between the linear Fresnel lens 1 and the CPC11, so that the solar utilization efficiency is improved, and high-efficiency light concentration is achieved.
Specifically, the linear fresnel lens 1 is disposed above the cavity, and the linear fresnel lens 1 is slidably connected to the cavity to perform linear motion so as to adjust according to a latitude change. Generally, the linear fresnel lens 1 can be arranged on the top plate of the cavity, the linear fresnel lens 1 is in sliding connection with the wall, when the sun changes seasonally along with the latitude, the focal line deviates to the north-south direction, the position of the linear fresnel lens 1 is adjusted through sliding connection, so that the focal line light irradiates in the CPC11, the focal line light is reflected back to the evacuated collector tube 9 assembly through the CPC11, the specific adjustment time can be determined according to the specific geographic position, the maximum receiving angle of the CPC11 and the opening size of the CPC11, and the installation opening direction of the CPC11 faces the sliding plane where the linear fresnel lens 1 is positioned.
Further, the two ends at the top of the cavity are provided with the sliding rails 2, the linear Fresnel lens 1 is fixedly provided with the linear bearings 4, and the linear bearings 4 are matched with the sliding rails 2. The corresponding both ends at cavity top set up linear slide rail 2, generally, can set up aluminium alloy support 3 on the roof beam at cavity top, set up linear slide rail 2 on aluminium alloy support 3, set up linear bearing 4 on linear fresnel lens 1, linear bearing 4 cooperatees with linear slide rail 2 for linear fresnel lens can slide on the cavity, in order to adjust according to the latitude change, of course, in other embodiments, also can realize the slip of linear fresnel lens 1 on the cavity through other slip fit modes, as long as can reach the same technological effect can, do not limit to specific realization mode.
Specifically, the cavity is a closed cavity formed by the organic glass plate 5. The organic glass plates 5 are arranged on the periphery of the cavity, the top plate and the bottom plate, and the light and the temperature in the cavity are ensured through the organic glass plates 5, so that the heat collecting effect of the heat collector is better, and of course, in other embodiments, other materials with better heat absorption can be arranged, and the heat collecting effect is within the protection scope of the invention.
On the basis of the above embodiments, the heat collecting tube assembly is fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the cavity through the heat collecting tube brackets 12 arranged at two ends of the heat collecting tube assembly, and the side reflectors 6 are vertically arranged on the heat collecting tube brackets 12 respectively.
The bottom plate of cavity is last to set up thermal-collecting tube support 12, and the thermal-collecting tube subassembly passes through thermal-collecting tube support 12 to be fixed in on the bottom plate, generally, the accessible is on a horse and is stuck fixedly, in order to collect light better, sets up side reflector 6 on thermal-collecting tube support 12 respectively in order to reflect the light of both sides, and the height of side reflector 6 can set for by oneself according to the height of cavity, and the width of side reflector 6 is slightly greater than the opening width of CPC 11.
Specifically, the heat collecting tube assembly comprises a vacuum heat collecting tube 9 and a heat collecting branch tube 7 arranged in the vacuum heat collecting tube, wherein the vacuum heat collecting tube 9 is a tube body with an opening at one side, and the heat collecting branch tube 7 is a U-shaped heat collecting loop so as to enter and exit at the opening of the vacuum heat collecting tube 9.
The heat collecting branch pipe 7 is generally installed in the cavity of the vacuum heat collecting pipe 9 by adopting an aluminum sheet support, the vacuum heat collecting pipe 9 is a transparent cavity with a unidirectional opening, the center of the vacuum heat collecting pipe 9 is arranged at the focal line of the linear Fresnel lens 1, the heat collecting branch pipe 7 is a U-shaped heat collecting loop, and the vacuum heat collecting pipe 7 is detachably and fixedly connected in the vacuum heat collecting pipe 9 through one side opening of the vacuum heat collecting pipe 9.
Further, the CPC11 is disposed on the bottom plate of the cavity and fixedly connected to the bottom plate via the CPC bracket 10. The CPC11 can be fixed on the bottom plate through the bracket, and the setting position of the CPC11 can be selected according to actual needs and is within the protection scope of the invention.
Specifically, the inner wall surface of the evacuated collector tube 9 is provided with a selective absorbing coating. The selective coating can be selected according to the principle of absorbing sunlight and the different structure of the coating, and will not be described herein.
Further, the heat collecting branch pipe 7 protrudes from the side wall of the cavity and is connected with the side wall via a waterproof and breathable film 8. The waterproof and breathable film 8 is made of PE (polyethylene) polymer materials. The heat collecting branch pipe 7 protrudes out of the organic glass plate 5, and a waterproof and breathable film 8 is arranged at the corresponding position of the organic glass plate 5, so that water vapor in the device can pass through the waterproof and breathable film 8, and rainwater outside the device cannot enter the device through the waterproof and breathable film 8, thereby ensuring the drying of the device; the device adopts a closed structure to form a closed greenhouse, has a heat preservation effect, has wind resistance and rain resistance, and improves the safety of the heat collector.
Based on the fresnel solar concentrating collector provided in the above embodiment, the present invention further provides a CPC manufacturing method, including:
taking the inner diameter of the evacuated collector tube 9 as a base circle, taking the center of the base circle as O, taking the horizontal direction of CPC as an X axis and taking the vertical direction as a Y axis, and constructing a rectangular X-Y rectangular coordinate system;
according to formula 1
r is the radius of the base circle, t is a parameter, and t=0-2 pi is used for obtaining a base circle involute A;
according to formula 2
θ max Obtaining a clockwise rotation angle theta of the base circle involute A around the circle center O for obtaining a maximum receiving angle of CPC through analog measurement of the linear Fresnel lens 1;
and (3) obtaining a base circle involute B symmetrical to the base circle involute A according to the Y axis, drawing a rotating involute and a paraboloid, and intercepting to obtain a reflecting surface curve of the CPC. Wherein, along let involute A terminal point be point A, involute B terminal point be point B, involute A compares with involute B and compares with point H. A base circle tangent line AD is made such that the line segment AD is tangent to the base circle at point D. The symmetry axis AC and the symmetry axis of CPC are intersected at a point C, so that the symmetry axis AC is taken as the symmetry axis, the focus A is taken as the focus, the vertex C is taken as the parabola A, the parabola A just intersects with the involute B at the point B, and the parabola A intersects with the extension line of the line segment AD at the point F. Similarly, a base circle tangent BE is formed such that the line segment BE is tangent to the base circle at point E. The symmetry axis BC and the CPC symmetry axis are intersected at a point C, so that BC is taken as the symmetry axis, B is taken as a focus, C is taken as a vertex to BE taken as a parabola B, the parabola B just intersects with an involute A and the point A, and intersects with an extension line of a line BE at a point G, and an arc line GAHBF is intercepted to BE a CPC reflecting surface curve.
Specifically, the Guangzhou area is taken as an example. Guangzhou is located in north latitude 23 deg. 08', and the installation inclination of the device is 23 deg. 08', towards the south. The parameters of the linear fresnel lens 1 and the evacuated collector tube 9 are shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1
From table 1, the inner diameter d1=37 mm of the glass of the vacuum tube, that is, the radius r=18.5 mm of the CPC base circle is substituted into the formula (1), and the parameter equation of the involute of the CPC base circle can be obtained:
wherein t is a parameter, and t=0 to 2pi. By carrying out light simulation, analysis and measurement on the linear Fresnel lens 1, the edge light of the lens and the symmetrical axis of CPC form an angle
Substituting (2) can obtain the involute A with a clockwise rotation angle around the circle center O as follows:
θ＝π+40° (4)
and intercepting an arc GAHBF to obtain a CPC reflecting surface curve. The maximum receiving angle of the intercepted CPC is 80 degrees, the opening size is 287.12mm, and the height is 301.37mm. The sliding period of the linear Fresnel lens 1 is two months, namely, the light can be ensured to fall into the CPC by adjusting the position of the linear Fresnel lens 1 once in two months.
In one embodiment, the length direction of the device is arranged in the east-west direction when the device is used, the linear Fresnel lens 1 faces south and north, the specific installation inclination angle of the device is determined according to the local latitude position, when the sun changes according to one day, light rays form a focal line through the linear Fresnel lens 1, the focal line shifts towards the east-west direction, a part of light rays which shift out of the vacuum heat collection tube 9 irradiates on the side reflector 6, and the light rays are reflected back to the vacuum heat collection tube 9 through the side reflector 6; when the sun changes seasonally along with the latitude, the focal line deviates in the north-south direction, the position of the linear Fresnel lens 1 is adjusted through the linear slide rail 2 and the linear bearing 4, so that the focal line light irradiates in the CPC, and is reflected back to the evacuated collector tube 9 through the CPC. The specific adjustment time is determined according to the specific geographic location, the maximum CPC receiving angle and the opening size of the CPC.
The device uses the linear Fresnel lens 1 as a light condensing device, compared with a common glass flat plate collector, the light condensing multiplying power is greatly increased, the solar irradiation intensity at a focal line is increased by several times or even tens times, the medium and high temperature utilization of solar energy can be realized, and only one vacuum heat collecting tube 9 is needed.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. The Fresnel solar concentrating collector is characterized by comprising a cavity, wherein a heat collecting pipe assembly and a CPC (compound parabolic concentrator) are arranged in the cavity, a linear Fresnel lens is arranged above the heat collecting pipe assembly, the axis of the heat collecting pipe assembly is arranged at the focal line of the linear Fresnel lens, and the heat collecting pipe assembly is arranged in the CPC to receive light reflected by the CPC;
the linear Fresnel lens is arranged above the cavity, and is in sliding connection with the cavity to perform linear motion so as to adjust according to latitude changes; slide rails are arranged at two ends of the top of the cavity, a linear bearing is fixedly arranged on the linear Fresnel lens, and the linear bearing is matched with the slide rails; the installation opening direction of the CPC faces to the sliding plane where the linear Fresnel lens is located.
2. The fresnel solar concentrating collector of claim 1 wherein the cavity is a closed cavity comprised of plexiglas.
3. The fresnel solar concentrating collector of claim 2 wherein the collector tube assemblies are fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the cavity by collector tube brackets at both ends thereof, and side reflectors are vertically provided on the collector tube brackets, respectively.
4. A fresnel solar concentrating collector according to claim 3 wherein the collector tube assembly comprises a evacuated collector tube and a collector tube positioned therein, the evacuated collector tube being a tube body open on one side, the collector tube being a U-shaped collector loop for ingress and egress at the opening of the evacuated collector tube.
5. The fresnel solar concentrating collector of claim 4 wherein the CPC is disposed on the floor of the cavity and fixedly connected to the floor via a CPC bracket.
6. The fresnel solar concentrating collector of claim 5 wherein the inner wall surface of the evacuated collector tube is provided with a selective absorption coating.
7. The fresnel solar concentrating collector of claim 6 wherein the heat collecting manifold protrudes from a side wall of the cavity and is connected thereto via a waterproof breathable membrane.
8. A method of manufacturing CPC, characterized in that it is based on a fresnel solar concentrating collector according to any one of claims 1-7, comprising:
taking the inner diameter of a vacuum heat collection tube as a base circle, taking the center of the base circle as O, taking the horizontal direction of CPC as an X axis and taking the vertical direction as a Y axis, and constructing a rectangular X-Y rectangular coordinate system;
according to the formula
r is the radius of the base circle, t is a parameter, and t=0-2 pi is used for obtaining a base circle involute A;
according to the formula
θ max Obtaining a maximum receiving angle of CPC (continuous wave) through analog measurement of a linear Fresnel lens, and obtaining a clockwise rotation angle theta of the base circle involute A around the circle center O;
and (3) obtaining a base circle involute B symmetrical to the base circle involute A according to the Y axis, drawing a rotating involute and a paraboloid, and intercepting to obtain a reflecting surface curve of the CPC.
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| CN108645056A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-10-12 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of equal receptions escape half-angle solar light-condensing and heat-collecting device |
| CN108800617B (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2024-07-26 | 广东工业大学 | Fresnel solar concentrating collector |
| CN110579026A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2019-12-17 | 广东工业大学 | Line focusing type pulsating heat pipe vacuum heat collecting device |
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| JP2012122643A (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2012-06-28 | Hitachi Plant Mechanics Co Ltd | Solar light heat collecting device |
| CN102777853A (en) * | 2012-07-23 | 2012-11-14 | 赵汝锦 | Lighting mirror |
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