CN106352562A - Linear Fresnel solar collector and the manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a linear Fresnel solar collector which comprise a lower bracket, a vacuum collector pipe, a copper collector pipe, an upper bracket and Fresnel lens. The vacuum collector pipe is fixedly erected to the upper end of the lower bracket; the Fresnel lens are fixedly mounted to the upper bracket; the vacuum collector pipe is covered by the upper bracket which can oscillate; the copper collector pipe is mounted inside the vacuum collector pipe; the vacuum collector pipe is a one-way transparent structure with an opening, and focus of the Fresnel lens is located on the copper collector pipe; the copper collector pipe is a U-type structure, with the U surface set vertically. The invention further provides a manufacturing method, 1, establishing a two-dimensional x-y rectangular coordinate system; 2, installing the vacuum collector pipe to the focal line of the linear Fresnel lens; 3, installing a parabolic reflector inside the vacuum collector pipe; 4, setting a copper collector pipe vertically at the central axis of the vacuum collector pipe; the invention has the advantages of a rational structure, high use rate of solar energy, and high safety and reliability.

Description

A kind of linear fresnel solar concentrating collector and its manufacture method

Technical field

The invention belongs to solar energy utilization technique field, it is related to a kind of solar concentrating collector and its manufacture method, Refer in particular to a kind of linear fresnel solar concentrating collector and its manufacture method.

Background technology

Linear fresnel solar concentrating collector is, by linear Fresnel lens, solar focusing is become line, using true The heat-transfer working mediums such as the conduction oil in empty set heat pipe, water or vapor absorb the heat of solar energy and utilize solar energy collecting. Existing solar concentrator is broadly divided into two kinds according to structure: a kind of is to exempt to follow the tracks of class, and a kind of is to follow the tracks of class.Exempt to follow the tracks of class Linear fresnel solar concentrating collector Fresnel linear Fresnel lens not with sunlight angle change and Automatically carry out angular adjustment, optically focused can only be carried out certain time, its solar energy absorbance and utilization rate are low；Class can be followed the tracks of The thermal-arrest copper pipe of linear fresnel solar concentrating collector structure arrange unreasonable, the solar energy stream of thermal-arrest copper pipe wall Density unevenness so that wall surface temperature gradient is larger, lead to vacuum heat collection pipe collecting efficiency is low and the poor situation of safety.

Content of the invention

It is an object of the invention to solving the thermal-arrest copper of the existing linear fresnel solar concentrating collector following the tracks of class The structure arrangement of pipe is unreasonable, the sun energy-flux density of thermal-arrest copper pipe wall uneven so that wall surface temperature gradient is larger and lead to The collecting efficiency of vacuum heat collection pipe is low and the poor problem of safety, provides a kind of rational in infrastructure, solar energy interest rate high and safety Reliable linear fresnel solar concentrating collector and its manufacture method.

The purpose of the present invention can employ the following technical solutions to reach:

A kind of linear fresnel solar concentrating collector, including lower carriage, vacuum heat collection pipe, thermal-arrest copper pipe, upper bracket And Fresnel Lenses, described vacuum heat-collecting tube fixing device is fixedly installed in institute located at the upper end of lower carriage, described Fresnel Lenses State on upper bracket, described upper bracket is swingable to be sheathed on described vacuum heat collection pipe；Described thermal-arrest copper pipe is installed on described vacuum In thermal-collecting tube；Described vacuum heat collection pipe is unidirectional opening transparent configuration, and the focus of described Fresnel Lenses is located at described thermal-arrest copper Guan Shang；Described thermal-arrest copper pipe is u-shaped structure, and the u-shaped face of described thermal-arrest copper pipe is vertically arranged.

As a kind of preferred scheme, in described vacuum heat collection pipe, be provided with parabolic illuminator, described parabolic illuminator located at The lower section of described thermal-arrest copper pipe, and the opening upwards setting of parabolic illuminator；The focus of described parabolic illuminator is located at described true The circle centre position of empty set heat pipe；The width of described parabolic illuminator is not less than the diameter of thermal-arrest copper pipe.

Further, the lower end of described upper bracket is provided with annulus, and described annulus is swingable to be sheathed on described vacuum heat collection pipe On, and be toothed around on the excircle of this annulus；It is installed with motor, described motor passes through gear and institute on described lower carriage State gear teeth meshing, drive upper bracket to swing.

As a kind of preferred scheme, the lower end of described annulus is installed with counterweight.

As a kind of preferred scheme, described annulus is sheathed on described vacuum heat collection pipe by bearing is swingable.

A kind of manufacture method of linear fresnel solar concentrating collector is it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:

1) using the focal line point of linear Fresnel lens as zero o, with perpendicular to Fresnel linear Fresnel lens The central line of plane, as y-axis, to cross the initial point o straight line vertical with y-axis as x-axis, builds two-dimentional x-y rectangular coordinate system；

2) at the focal line of linear Fresnel lens, vacuum heat collection pipe is installed, and the centrage of vacuum heat collection pipe and focal line weight Close；

3) parabolic mirror is installed in vacuum heat collection pipe and below axis at its center, the opening of parabolic illuminator to Upper setting；

4) thermal-arrest copper pipe is set at the central axis of vacuum heat collection pipe, and the focus of described parabolic illuminator is positioned at described true The circle centre position of empty set heat pipe, that is, at zero o.

Further, described step 3) particular content as follows: set the edge of linear Fresnel lens as point a, light warp Point aParabolic illuminator point b is reached by zero o, reflexes to afterwards at the point c tangent with the copper pipe that absorbs heat；

Wherein l is the cross-sectional length of linear Fresnel lens, and f is the focal length of linear Fresnel lens.Straight in this two-dimentional x-y Under angular coordinate system, the curvilinear equation of parabolic illuminator is:

$y=\frac{x^2}{4f_1}-f_1---\left(1\right)$

Wherein, f₁Focal length for parabolic illuminator；

The curvilinear equation of the round copper pipe of the latter half of u-shaped thermal-arrest copper pipe is:

x²+(y-a)²=r²(2)

Wherein a is the distance of the distance of center circle initial point o of the round copper pipe of the latter half of u-shaped thermal-arrest copper pipe, therefore the coordinate of point c is (- r, a)；

Straight line ab, that is, the linear equation of straight line ao be:

$y=\frac{2f}{l}x---\left(3\right)$

Therefore the coordinate of b point isB point coordinates is substituted into formula (1) obtain:

Because f₁For focal length, more than zero, therefore:

By f₁In substitution formula (1), you can obtain the curve of the installation site of parabolic illuminator Equation is:

$y=\frac{x^2}{\frac{4fr}{l}+2r\·\sqrt{\frac{4f^2}{l^2}+1}}-\frac{fr}{l}-\frac{r\·\sqrt{\frac{4f^2}{l^2}+1}}{2}---\left(4\right)$

In sum, parabolic illuminator should meet light and reflect through a, and by o point, can there is b point makes it reflex to c point, Therefore the curvilinear equation of parabolic illuminator should meet following condition:

The curvilinear equation of parabolic illuminatorWith ao linear equationThere is friendship Point.

Further, described linear Fresnel lens and parabolic illuminator are symmetrical arranged with regard to y-axis.

Implement the present invention, have the advantages that

1st, the present invention is vertically arranged symmetrical u-shaped thermal-arrest copper pipe vacuum heat collection pipe is built-in, and u-shaped thermal-arrest copper pipe is due to needing It is placed on the subtriangular light-collecting area of Fresnel Lenses formation, its upper and lower two parts copper pipe all can absorb solar energy.And work as u During type thermal-arrest copper pipe horizontal positioned, due to larger for copper pipe parallel distance opposing triangular, and larger optically focused can not be obtained Ratio is it is impossible to absorb to the energy of the high temperature of solar energy, thus be vertically arranged u-shaped thermal-arrest copper pipe improving to solar energy Collecting efficiency and utilization rate, have the characteristics that rational in infrastructure, solar energy interest rate is high and safe and reliable.

2nd, the present invention installs parabolic illuminator additional below u-shaped thermal-arrest copper pipe, can make to pass through through some light of focal line to throw Thing illuminator focus on the down tube of u-shaped thermal-arrest copper pipe the latter half so that the latter half of copper pipe wall solar energy stream Density Distribution is more uniform, decreases the thermograde of copper pipe wall so that whole u-shaped copper pipe energy samming distribution, improves true The safety of empty set heat pipe, improves the utilization rate of sunlight.

Brief description

In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing Have technology description in required use accompanying drawing be briefly described it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description be only this Some embodiments of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, acceptable Other accompanying drawings are obtained according to these accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of linear fresnel solar concentrating collector of the present invention；

Fig. 2 is the partial enlarged drawing of the annular portion of linear fresnel solar concentrating collector of the present invention；

Fig. 3 is the illumination path schematic diagram of linear fresnel solar concentrating collector of the present invention；

Fig. 4 is the partial enlarged drawing of the bottom of Fig. 3；

Fig. 5 is the partial enlarged drawing of the inside of Fig. 4.

Specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete Site preparation description is it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on Embodiment in the present invention, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of not making creative work Embodiment, broadly falls into the scope of protection of the invention.

Embodiment

With reference to Fig. 1, the present embodiment is related to linear fresnel solar concentrating collector, including lower carriage 1, vacuum heat collection pipe 2nd, thermal-arrest copper pipe 3, upper bracket 4 and Fresnel Lenses 5, described vacuum heat collection pipe 2 fixed mount is located at the upper end of lower carriage 1, described Fresnel Lenses 5 is fixedly installed on described upper bracket 4, and described upper bracket 4 is swingable to be sheathed on described vacuum heat collection pipe 2； Described thermal-arrest copper pipe 3 is installed in described vacuum heat collection pipe 2；Described vacuum heat collection pipe 2 is unidirectional opening transparent configuration, described phenanthrene The focus of Nie Er lens 5 is located on described thermal-arrest copper pipe 3；Described thermal-arrest copper pipe 3 is u-shaped structure, the u-shaped of described thermal-arrest copper pipe 3 Face is vertically arranged.

When using, its length direction is arranged the present invention with North and South direction.Vacuum heat collection pipe 2 built-in be vertically arranged symmetrical U-shaped thermal-arrest copper pipe, u-shaped thermal-arrest copper pipe due to needing to be placed on the subtriangular light-collecting area of Fresnel Lenses 5 formation, its Two parts copper pipe all can absorb solar energy up and down.And when u-shaped thermal-arrest copper pipe horizontal positioned, because copper pipe parallel distance is relative to three Larger for angular, and larger focusing ratio can not be obtained it is impossible to absorb to the energy of the high temperature of solar energy, from And be vertically arranged u-shaped thermal-arrest copper pipe and improve the collecting efficiency to solar energy and utilization rate, there is rational in infrastructure, solar energy interest rate height With safe and reliable feature.

In conjunction with shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, being provided with parabolic illuminator 6, described parabolic illuminator 6 in described vacuum heat collection pipe 2 Located at the lower section of described thermal-arrest copper pipe 3, and the opening upwards setting of parabolic illuminator 6；The focus of described parabolic illuminator 6 is located at The circle centre position of described vacuum heat collection pipe 2；The width of described parabolic illuminator 6 is not less than the diameter of thermal-arrest copper pipe 3.In u-shaped thermal-arrest Install parabolic illuminator 6 below copper pipe additional, can make to focus on u-shaped thermal-arrest copper through some light of focal line by parabolic illuminator 6 The latter half of the down tube of pipe so that the latter half of copper pipe wall sun flux-density distribution more uniform, decrease The thermograde of copper pipe wall, so that whole u-shaped copper pipe energy samming distribution, improves the safety of vacuum heat collection pipe 2, improves The utilization rate of sunlight.

As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, described upper bracket 4 is installed with the tracker 7 for detecting solar irradiation firing angle, institute The lower end stating upper bracket 4 is provided with annulus 41, and described annulus 41 is swingable to be sheathed on described vacuum heat collection pipe 2, and this annulus 41 Excircle on be toothed around 42；Motor 8 is installed with described lower carriage 1, described motor 8 passes through gear 9 and described wheel Tooth 42 engages, and drives upper bracket 4 to swing.By the change of the illumination angle of tracker 7 real-time detection sunlight, when solar angle occurs During change, control device outputs a control signal to motor 8 to be stopped with controlled motor 8 forward, reverse or stop, and drives upper bracket 4 to enter The swing of row respective angles and stopping, keeping solar energy to be vertically irradiated on Fresnel Lenses 5, substantially improve luxuriant and rich with fragrance alunite That utilization rate to light sunlight for the lens 5.

The lower end of described annulus 41 is installed with counterweight 43.This counterweight 43 and upper bracket 4 are with regard to the central shaft of annulus 41 Line is symmetrical arranged.During upper bracket 4 swings, the stress balance of upper bracket 4 both sides, can prevent upper bracket 4 from producing weightlessness Situation, whole heat collector is difficult partially to fall, and decreases the load of motor 8, improves accuracy and the safety that motor 8 controls.

Described annulus 41 is sheathed on described vacuum heat collection pipe 2 by bearing 44 is swingable.On being reduced by bearing 44 With the frictional resistance of vacuum heat collection pipe 2 it is ensured that the stability that swings of upper bracket 4 and accuracy when support 4 swings.

The present embodiment also provides a kind of manufacture method of linear fresnel solar concentrating collector, as Fig. 3 to Fig. 5 institute Show, comprise the following steps:

1) using the focal line point of linear Fresnel lens 5 as zero o, with perpendicular to Fresnel linear Fresnel lens The central line of 5 planes, as y-axis, to cross the initial point o straight line vertical with y-axis as x-axis, builds two-dimentional x-y rectangular coordinate system；Institute State linear Fresnel lens 5 and parabolic illuminator 6 is symmetrical arranged with regard to y-axis.

2) at the focal line of linear Fresnel lens 5, vacuum heat collection pipe 2 is installed, and the centrage of vacuum heat collection pipe 2 and Jiao Line overlaps；

3) parabolic mirror, the opening of parabolic illuminator 6 are installed in vacuum heat collection pipe 2 and below axis at its center Set up；

4) it is vertically arranged thermal-arrest copper pipe 3, the focus position of described parabolic illuminator 6 at the central axis of vacuum heat collection pipe 2 In the circle centre position of described vacuum heat collection pipe 2, that is, at zero o.

As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, be vertically arranged symmetrical u-shaped thermal-arrest copper pipe vacuum heat collection pipe 2 is built-in, u-shaped copper pipe due to Need to be placed on the subtriangular light-collecting area of Fresnel Lenses 5 formation, its upper and lower two parts copper pipe all can absorb solar energy. And when u-shaped thermal-arrest copper pipe horizontal positioned, due to larger for copper pipe parallel distance opposing triangular, and can not obtain larger Focusing ratio is it is impossible to absorb to the energy of the high temperature of solar energy, thus be vertically arranged u-shaped thermal-arrest copper pipe improving to too The collecting efficiency of sun energy and utilization rate.

The method arranges parabolic illuminator 6 below u-shaped thermal-arrest copper pipe, can make to pass through parabolic through some light of focal line Illuminator 6 focus on the down tube of u-shaped thermal-arrest copper pipe the latter half so that the latter half of copper pipe wall solar energy stream close Degree distribution is more uniform, decreases the thermograde of copper pipe wall so that whole u-shaped copper pipe energy samming distribution, improves vacuum The safety of thermal-collecting tube 2, improves the utilization rate of sunlight.

Set location for parabolic illuminator 6 is determined by the following method, and particular content is as follows:

As shown in Figures 3 to 5, if the edge of linear Fresnel lens 5 is point a, light is through point a By coordinate Initial point o reaches 6 points of b of parabolic illuminator, reflexes to afterwards at the point c tangent with the copper pipe that absorbs heat；

Wherein l is the cross-sectional length of linear Fresnel lens 5, and f is the focal length of linear Fresnel lens 5.In this two-dimentional x-y Under rectangular coordinate system, the curvilinear equation of parabolic illuminator 6 is:

$y=\frac{x^2}{4f_1}-f_1---\left(1\right)$

Wherein, f₁Focal length for parabolic illuminator 6；

The curvilinear equation of the round copper pipe of the latter half of u-shaped thermal-arrest copper pipe is:

x²+(y-a)²=r²(2)

Wherein a is the distance of the distance of center circle initial point o of the round copper pipe of the latter half of u-shaped thermal-arrest copper pipe, therefore the coordinate of point c is (- r, a)；

Straight line ab, that is, the linear equation of straight line ao be:

$y=\frac{2f}{l}x---\left(3\right)$

Therefore the coordinate of b point isB point coordinates is substituted into formula (1) obtain:

Because f₁For focal length, more than zero, therefore:

By f₁In substitution formula (1), you can obtain the curve of the installation site of parabolic illuminator 6 Equation is:

$y=\frac{x^2}{\frac{4fr}{l}+2r\·\sqrt{\frac{4f^2}{l^2}+1}}-\frac{fr}{l}-\frac{r\·\sqrt{\frac{4f^2}{l^2}+1}}{2}---\left(4\right)$

In sum, parabolic illuminator 6 should meet light and reflect through a, and by o point, can there is b point makes it reflex to c point, Therefore the curvilinear equation of parabolic illuminator 6 should meet following condition:

The curvilinear equation of parabolic illuminator 6With ao linear equationThere is friendship Point.

Specifically, as a example parameter as shown in table 1 below, related size in table 1 is updated in formula (4), you can Curvilinear equation to all installation sites of light parabolic illuminator 6 is about:

$y=\frac{x^2}{27.64}-6.91---\left(5\right)$

$y=\frac{2f}{l}x---\left(6\right)$

Through radical formula computing, formula (5) meets the condition that can have intersection point with straight line ao formula (6), therefore the equation conforms to Ask.So the width of parabolic illuminator 6 is slightly larger than 2r, that is, it is more than 10mm, desirable 12mm, all light parabolic illuminator 6 length is smaller In vacuum heat collection pipe 2 length l1, that is, it is less than 1800mm, desirable 1700mm.

Therefore the width of parabolic illuminator 6 is 12mm, length 1700mm, focal length is 6.91mm, and curvilinear equation is:

$y=\frac{x^2}{27.64}-6.91$

Table 1

Therefore, when the parameter using table 1, the position of x, y on the curvilinear equation of this parabolic illuminator 6 is throws The set location of thing illuminator 6.

Above disclosed be only a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, certainly the power of the present invention can not be limited with this Sharp scope, the equivalent variations therefore made according to the claims in the present invention, still belong to the scope that the present invention is covered.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of linear fresnel solar concentrating collector is it is characterised in that include lower carriage, vacuum heat collection pipe, thermal-arrest copper Pipe, upper bracket and Fresnel Lenses, described vacuum heat-collecting tube fixing device is fixed located at the upper end of lower carriage, described Fresnel Lenses It is installed on described upper bracket, described upper bracket is swingable to be sheathed on described vacuum heat collection pipe；Described thermal-arrest copper pipe is installed on In described vacuum heat collection pipe；Described vacuum heat collection pipe is unidirectional opening transparent configuration, and the focus of described Fresnel Lenses is located at institute State on thermal-arrest copper pipe；Described thermal-arrest copper pipe is u-shaped structure, and the u-shaped face of described thermal-arrest copper pipe is vertically arranged.

2. a kind of linear fresnel solar concentrating collector according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described vacuum collection It is provided with parabolic illuminator, described parabolic illuminator is located at the lower section of described thermal-arrest copper pipe, and the opening of parabolic illuminator in heat pipe Set up；The focus of described parabolic illuminator is located at the circle centre position of described vacuum heat collection pipe；The width of described parabolic illuminator Diameter not less than thermal-arrest copper pipe.

3. a kind of linear fresnel solar concentrating collector according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described upper bracket Lower end be provided with annulus, described annulus is swingable to be sheathed on described vacuum heat collection pipe, and the excircle of this annulus is provided with wheel Tooth；It is installed with motor on described lower carriage, described motor passes through gear and described gear teeth meshing, drive upper bracket to swing.

4. a kind of linear fresnel solar concentrating collector according to claim 3 is it is characterised in that described annulus Lower end is installed with counterweight.

5. a kind of linear fresnel solar concentrating collector according to claim 4 is it is characterised in that described annulus leads to Cross that bearing is swingable to be sheathed on described vacuum heat collection pipe.

6. a kind of manufacture method of linear fresnel solar concentrating collector is it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:

1) using the focal line point of linear Fresnel lens as zero o, with perpendicular to Fresnel linear Fresnel lens plane Central line as y-axis, to cross the initial point o straight line vertical with y-axis as x-axis, build two dimension x-y rectangular coordinate system；

2) at the focal line of linear Fresnel lens, vacuum heat collection pipe is installed, and the centrage of vacuum heat collection pipe is overlapped with focal line；

3) parabolic mirror is installed in vacuum heat collection pipe and below axis at its center, the opening upwards of parabolic illuminator set Put；

4) it is vertically arranged thermal-arrest copper pipe at the central axis of vacuum heat collection pipe, the focus of described parabolic illuminator is positioned at described true The circle centre position of empty set heat pipe, that is, at zero o.

7. a kind of linear fresnel solar concentrating collector according to claim 6 manufacture method it is characterised in that Described step 3) particular content as follows: set the edge of linear Fresnel lens as point a, light is through point aBy sitting Mark initial point o reaches parabolic illuminator point b, reflexes to afterwards at the point c tangent with the copper pipe that absorbs heat；

Wherein l is the cross-sectional length of linear Fresnel lens, and f is the focal length of linear Fresnel lens.Sit at this two-dimentional x-y right angle Under mark system, the curvilinear equation of parabolic illuminator is:

$y=\frac{x^2}{4f_1}-f_1---\left(1\right)$

Wherein, f₁Focal length for parabolic illuminator；

The curvilinear equation of the round copper pipe of the latter half of u-shaped thermal-arrest copper pipe is:

x²+(y-a)²=r²(2)

Wherein a be u-shaped thermal-arrest copper pipe the distance of center circle initial point o of the round copper pipe of the latter half distance, therefore the coordinate of point c for (- r, a)；

Straight line ab, that is, the linear equation of straight line ao be:

$y=\frac{2f}{l}x---\left(3\right)$

Therefore the coordinate of b point isB point coordinates is substituted into formula (1) obtain:

Because f₁For focal length, more than zero, therefore:

By f₁In substitution formula (1), you can obtain the curvilinear equation of the installation site of parabolic illuminator For:

$y=\frac{x^2}{\frac{4fr}{l}+2r\·\sqrt{\frac{4f^2}{l^2}+1}}-\frac{fr}{l}-\frac{r\·\sqrt{\frac{4f^2}{l^2}+1}}{2}---\left(4\right)$

In sum, parabolic illuminator should meet light and reflect through a, and by o point, can there is b point makes it reflex to c point, therefore throws The curvilinear equation of thing illuminator should meet following condition:

The curvilinear equation of parabolic illuminatorWith ao linear equationThere is intersection point.

8. the manufacture method of a kind of linear fresnel solar concentrating collector according to claim 6 or 7, its feature exists It is symmetrical arranged with regard to y-axis in, described linear Fresnel lens and parabolic illuminator.