CN107227398B - A kind of aqueous solution quenching apparatus - Google Patents
A kind of aqueous solution quenching apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN107227398B CN107227398B CN201710411371.2A CN201710411371A CN107227398B CN 107227398 B CN107227398 B CN 107227398B CN 201710411371 A CN201710411371 A CN 201710411371A CN 107227398 B CN107227398 B CN 107227398B
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- quenching effect
- intensive
- effect slot
- cooling
- quenching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/667—Quenching devices for spray quenching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/63—Quenching devices for bath quenching
- C21D1/64—Quenching devices for bath quenching with circulating liquids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0062—Heat-treating apparatus with a cooling or quenching zone
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention is to provide a kind of aqueous solution quenching apparatus.Including intensive quenching effect slot, medium pool, pump, flow control valve and pipeline, the intensive quenching effect slot is mounted on adjustable support, the gradient of intensive quenching effect slot, the time of control workpiece cooling in intensive quenching effect slot are adjusted by adjustable support, medium pool is located at the lower section of intensive quenching effect slot, medium in medium pool is sent into the import of intensive quenching effect slot by pump by pipeline, and flow control valve is arranged on pipeline.The present invention is the equipment for controlling the high speed quenching of time control intensity of cooling, and feature is simple process and low cost, and quenching intensity is high, and cooling time and intensity of cooling are adjustable.Workpiece surface compression can further improve fatigue behaviour, be suitable for manufacture gear, raceway, bearing race, spring etc. needs the part of hard high-strength and high fatigue life.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of steel annealing device, especially a kind of high speed cooling has intensive quenching effect
Aqueous solution quenching process equipment.
Background technique
The quenching of steel is universal and important steel intensifying method.It is that steel is heated to critical-temperature Ac3 (hypo eutectoid
Steel) or Ac1 (hypereutectoid steel) temperatures above, heat preservation a period of time, it is allowed to all or part of austenitizing, it is then critical to be greater than
The cooling rate of cooling velocity is as cold as the heat treatment process that Ms or less (or isothermal near Ms) carries out martensite (or bainite) transformation fastly.
The purpose of quenching is that overcooling austenite is made to carry out martensite or bainite transformation, obtains martensite or bainite group
It knits, then cooperates the tempering with different temperatures, to greatly improve intensity, hardness, wearability, fatigue strength and the toughness of steel
Deng to meet the requirement of various machine components and tool.
What the rapid cooling process of quenching was usually realized in the medium, common medium is water, oil and salts substances.No
It is different with the cooling velocity of medium.Theory routinely, cooling velocity is bigger, and workpiece strength and hardness are higher, but tearing tendency
It is bigger.Such as make hardening media using water, than using oil to make medium, obtains higher intensity and hardness, but quenching stress is big, workpiece
It is easily deformed cracking.
The relationship of recent studies have shown that in recent years, tearing tendency and cooling velocity when workpiece quenching is not simple line
Sexual intercourse.With the increase of cooling velocity, tearing tendency first increases, and reaches highest in 350 DEG C/s, and cooling velocity continues to increase
Add, tearing tendency reduces.This is because under the conditions of 350 DEG C/s Fast Cooling, the group of workpiece surface layer and internal contraction expansion
Conjunction form changes, and superficial layer is made to be in compressive stress state, to mitigate tearing tendency, this i.e. intensive quenching effect.Research
Show to obtain biggish surface layer compression, cooling velocity should follow the principle first quick and back slow of " high temperature rapid cooling, low temperature slow cooling ".
Simultaneously under the conditions of Fast Cooling, the indexs such as hardness, wearability of workpiece under the conditions of low speed cooling also than greatly increasing
Add.
Publication No. CN106011407A；Technical solution disclosed in the patent documents such as CN101693942B is in of the invention same
Belong to a field.
Summary of the invention
Fatigue behaviour can further be improved the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of, quenching intensity is high, cooling time and cold
But the adjustable aqueous solution quenching apparatus of intensity.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
Including intensive quenching effect slot, medium pool, pump, flow control valve and pipeline, the intensive quenching effect slot peace
On adjustable support, the gradient of intensive quenching effect slot is adjusted by adjustable support, controls workpiece in intensive quenching
Cooling time in effect slot, medium pool are located at the lower section of intensive quenching effect slot, and the medium in medium pool is passed through pipeline by pump
It is sent into the import of intensive quenching effect slot, flow control valve is arranged on pipeline.
The present invention may also include:
1, intensive quenching effect slot is the tubular channel being wrapped to form by the shell of inside and outside interlayer, and interlayer outer wall is sealing knot
Structure, inner wall are perforated plate, and hardening media is passed through in interlayer；Intensive quenching effect slot is divided into two halves up and down, and lower half portion passes through Jie
Matter generates water cushion function into hole.
2, apertured partition, apertured partition inclination installation are set among medium pool, medium pool is built-in with heat exchanger, heat exchanger
Connect external cold water.
The process equipment of aqueous solution quenching of the invention, for replacing the quenching to steel part of quenching oil.Hardening media
The aqueous solution of inorganic salts is selected, it is nontoxic, it is free from environmental pollution.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
The process equipment quenched using aqueous solution of the invention, can quench steel or alloy steel parts.Quenching is without dead
Angle, uniformly, the hardness and wearability of workpiece greatly increase for hardening.Cool time and quenching intensity are controllable, entire cooling procedure
Meet the requirement of " high temperature rapid cooling, low temperature slow cooling ", increase the compression of workpiece outer layer, increases fatigue life.Whole system is simple,
Aqueous solution is cheaper than quenching oil simultaneously, greatly reduces production cost.Hardening media is done using inorganic salt solution simultaneously, is substituted
There is the quenching oil of pollution, protects environment.
It is each in quenching mainly for vacuum water cold-heat treatment in the patent document of Publication No. CN106011407A
Batch workpiece is put into hanging basket component, and next group could handle after the completion of processing, is by batch processed, and the present invention is that one kind is normal
Depress Equipment for Heating Processing, can continuous processing by furnace come out workpiece.In the patent document of Publication No. CN106011407A,
When quenching, workpiece is put into hanging basket component, is sprayed water by spray head, and the local water that workpiece is contacted with hanging basket is not easy to be sprayed onto, and will form
Cooling dead angle, makes workpiece generate soft spots；And the present invention devises water cushion function, it is oblique using water cushion effect and intensive quenching effect slot
Degree mating reaction makes workpiece motion s, and no fixture and bottom plate etc. can block water impact and generate the means of transport at cooling dead angle,
To which hardening media uncrossed can be sprayed onto workpiece surface everywhere, the cooling without dead angle is realized.Another is not both the present invention
Last cooling device is sink, and workpiece is reduced in cooling velocity wherein, and meeting intensive quenching, " high temperature rapid cooling, low temperature are slow
It is cold " requirement.
It is intensively stirred intensive quenching system in a kind of sink that notification number, which is in the patent document of CN101693942B, cold
But function stirs realization in sink, and the part that quenching day part cooling velocity is not adjustable, while sinking to the bottom has cooling dead angle；And
Refrigerating function of the invention is realized by cooling two steps in intensive quenching effect slot water spray and sink, realizes that " high temperature rapid cooling, low temperature are slow
It is cold " requirement.
For the intensive quenching effect reached, time and the intensity of cooling of cooling procedure are controlled, the invention proposes water cushions
The water-spraying type of channel descending manner, two sections of cooling techniques, technique are directed to 65Mn, the smallclothes zero of the steel such as GCr15,9SiCr production
The control time control intensity of part is cooling, and device systems of the invention are manufactured according to technique content design.The present invention is that control time control is cooling
The equipment of the high speed quenching of intensity, feature are simple process and low cost, and quenching intensity is high, and cooling time and intensity of cooling can
It adjusts.Workpiece surface compression can further improve fatigue behaviour, be suitable for manufacture gear, raceway, bearing race, spring etc. need to
Want the part of hard high-strength and high fatigue life.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the system schematic of the process equipment of aqueous solution of the present invention quenching.
Fig. 2 is intensive quenching effect sink structure figure in the process equipment of aqueous solution of the present invention quenching.
Fig. 3 is pool construction figure in the process equipment of aqueous solution of the present invention quenching.
Fig. 4 a is sample surface layer XRD diffraction pattern of the 20CrMnTi steel carburizing 1h after CaCl2 aqueous medium quenches 4s
Spectrum, Fig. 4 b are partial enlarged view.
Fig. 5 be 20CrMnTi through CaCl2 aqueous medium quench different time after impact flexibility with carburizing time variation
Trend.
Fig. 6 be 20CrMnTi steel carburizing 10h after through the quenched hardness gradient curve of CaCl2 aqueous medium.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described for citing with reference to the accompanying drawing.
In conjunction with Fig. 1, the process equipment of aqueous solution quenching of the invention is consisted of the following parts: intensive quenching effect sink,
Adjustable support 2, pond 3, water pump 4, flow control valve 5 and pipeline.
Intensive quenching effect sink 1 is placed on adjustable support 2, and by adjusting bracket, the gradient of sink is adjustable.It can
With standoff regulating system 6 in adjusting bracket.By adjusting the gradient of sink, the movement of adjustable workpiece in the sink
Speed, to control the time that workpiece cools down in the sink.
In conjunction with Fig. 2, intensive quenching effect sink is wrapped to form the channel of a tubular by the shell of inside and outside interlayer.Workpiece from
Channel center passes through.Interlayer outer wall is sealing structure, and inner wall is perforated plate, and hardening media is passed through in interlayer, passes through inner wall orifice plate
On hole spray.The strong impact workpiece of the water flow of ejection makes surface high speed in the cooling effect that the generation of workpiece surface is strong
Cooling；Sink is divided into 12 liang of upper flume 11, lower flume half parts, and lower flume generates water cushion function by fine and closely woven water-feeding hole,
Feature contacts sink bottom surface is avoided, prevents this part cooling velocity due to contacting sink bottom plate small, hardening of tissue degree is low, very
To cracking.Water cushion effect also makes not needing the means of transports such as fixture in part transportational process, cooling without dead angle, carries out comprehensively
It is strong cooling.
In conjunction with Fig. 3, apertured partition 7 is set among pond, apertured partition keeps constant slope, moves downwards conducive to part,
Pond is built-in with heat exchanger 8, can connect external cold water.
After workpiece takes out out of heating furnace or after being carried out, into intensive quenching effect slot, then moves downward, pass through effect
It answers after slot and water falls into lower section pond together, workpiece is fallen on isolation orifice plate, is moved to the inner lead in bottom collection area, herein
Continue to cool down.In intensive quenching effect slot, cooling velocity is high；In pond, cooling velocity is lower, meet " high temperature rapid cooling, it is low
The principle of warm slow cooling ".
Quenching technical are as follows:
(1) hardening media uses specific gravity 1.22g/cm3CaCl2Aqueous solution, medium temperature are 40 DEG C.Workpiece is Charpy U-shaped
Notched impact specimen, length 55mm, cross section are 10 × 10 (mm), and centre is by specification fluting.Workpiece material is 20CrMnTi steel,
Ingredient (w%): C 0.21, Si 0.35, Mn 0.99, Cr 1.08, Ti 0.064, P 0.012, S 0.006；
(2) carburizing: workpiece passes through 930 DEG C of different time carburizings, and then oil quenching is cooling；
(3) quench: workpiece is heated to 860 DEG C of heat preservation 15min, quenches in aqueous solution quenching technical equipment of the invention,
The water pressure of intensive quenching effect sink is 2kg/cm2, water temperature is 40 DEG C.
(4) be tempered: workpiece is in 180 DEG C of heat preservation 2h.
Fig. 4 a- Fig. 4 b, 5,6 show the performance indicator of embodiment.By Figures 5 and 6 it is found that by aqueous solution of the invention
The quenching of quenching technical equipment, high rigidity and high impact toughness, especially impact flexibility can be obtained in workpiece, than the work of common oil hardening
Part is higher by hundred times.
From above-described embodiment as can be seen that handling workpiece using equipment provided by the invention, high rigidity and height are obtained
Impact flexibility, while can be used in handling the part of a variety of various shapes and material.Cooling capacity of the present invention is adjustable, to part
Different piece temper grade is uniform, no dead angle, and relative to quenching oil hardening, cost is reduced, and pollution-free, application prospect is extensive.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of aqueous solution quenching apparatus, including intensive quenching effect slot, medium pool, pump, flow control valve and pipeline, special
Sign is: the intensive quenching effect slot is mounted on adjustable support, adjusts intensive quenching effect slot by adjustable support
Gradient, control workpiece time cooling in intensive quenching effect slot, medium pool are located at the lower section of intensive quenching effect slot, pump
Medium in medium pool is sent into the import of intensive quenching effect slot by pipeline, flow control valve is arranged on pipeline, described
Intensive quenching effect slot is the tubular channel being wrapped to form by the shell of inside and outside interlayer, and interlayer outer wall is sealing structure, and inner wall is
Perforated plate, hardening media are passed through in interlayer；Intensive quenching effect slot is divided into two halves up and down, and lower half portion is generated by medium into hole
Water cushion function.
2. aqueous solution quenching apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: set apertured partition among medium pool, it is with holes every
Plate inclination installation, medium pool are built-in with heat exchanger, and heat exchanger connects external cold water.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710411371.2A CN107227398B (en) | 2017-06-05 | 2017-06-05 | A kind of aqueous solution quenching apparatus |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710411371.2A CN107227398B (en) | 2017-06-05 | 2017-06-05 | A kind of aqueous solution quenching apparatus |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN107227398A CN107227398A (en) | 2017-10-03 |
| CN107227398B true CN107227398B (en) | 2019-01-08 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102560034A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2012-07-11 | 大连冶金轴承股份有限公司 | Roller quenching machine |
| CN203200301U (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2013-09-18 | 吉林北方捷凯传动轴有限公司 | External cooling water spraying device for middle-frequency quenching |
| CN104195301A (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2014-12-10 | 沈阳飞机工业（集团）有限公司 | Heat treatment quenching device and application thereof |
| CN204981990U (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2016-01-20 | 苏州工业园区吴东炉业有限公司 | Light and thin type is guenching unit for bearing |
-
2017
- 2017-06-05 CN CN201710411371.2A patent/CN107227398B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102560034A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2012-07-11 | 大连冶金轴承股份有限公司 | Roller quenching machine |
| CN203200301U (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2013-09-18 | 吉林北方捷凯传动轴有限公司 | External cooling water spraying device for middle-frequency quenching |
| CN104195301A (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2014-12-10 | 沈阳飞机工业（集团）有限公司 | Heat treatment quenching device and application thereof |
| CN204981990U (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2016-01-20 | 苏州工业园区吴东炉业有限公司 | Light and thin type is guenching unit for bearing |
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| CN107227398A (en) | 2017-10-03 |
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