CN107227398A - A kind of aqueous solution quenching apparatus - Google Patents
A kind of aqueous solution quenching apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107227398A CN107227398A CN201710411371.2A CN201710411371A CN107227398A CN 107227398 A CN107227398 A CN 107227398A CN 201710411371 A CN201710411371 A CN 201710411371A CN 107227398 A CN107227398 A CN 107227398A
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- quenching effect
- intensive
- effect groove
- quenching
- medium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/667—Quenching devices for spray quenching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/63—Quenching devices for bath quenching
- C21D1/64—Quenching devices for bath quenching with circulating liquids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0062—Heat-treating apparatus with a cooling or quenching zone
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention is to provide a kind of aqueous solution quenching apparatus.Including intensive quenching effect groove, medium pool, pump, flow control valve and pipeline, the intensive quenching effect groove is arranged on adjustable support, pass through the time that adjustable support adjusts the gradient of intensive quenching effect groove, control workpiece is cooled down in intensive quenching effect groove, medium pool is located at the lower section of intensive quenching effect groove, pump sends into the medium in medium pool by pipeline the import of intensive quenching effect groove, and flow control valve is arranged on pipeline.The present invention is the equipment for the high speed quenching for controlling time control intensity of cooling, and its feature is that technique is simple, and cost is low, and quenching intensity is high, and cool time and intensity of cooling are adjustable.Workpiece surface compression, can further improve fatigue behaviour, it is adaptable to manufacture gear, and raceway, race ring, spring etc. needs the part of hard high-strength and high fatigue life.
Description
Technical field
It is particularly a kind of to cool at a high speed the present invention relates to a kind of steel annealing device, with intensive quenching effect
The aqueous solution quenching process equipment.
Background technology
The quenching of steel is universal and important steel intensifying method.It is that steel is heated into critical-temperature Ac3 (hypo eutectoids
Steel) or Ac1 (hypereutectoid steel) temperatures above, insulation a period of time, all or part of austenitizing is allowed to, then with more than critical
The cooling rate of cooling velocity is as cold as the Technology for Heating Processing that below Ms (or isothermal near Ms) carries out martensite (or bainite) transformation soon.
The purpose of quenching is overcooling austenite is carried out martensite or bainite transformation, obtains martensite or bainite group
Knit, then coordinate the tempering with different temperatures, to greatly improve intensity, hardness, wearability, fatigue strength and the toughness of steel
Deng so as to meet the use requirement of various machine components and instrument.
What the quick cooling procedure of quenching was usually realized in media as well, conventional medium is water, oil and salts substances.No
It is different with the cooling velocity of medium.Theory routinely, cooling velocity is bigger, and workpiece strength and hardness are higher, but tearing tendency
It is bigger.Such as make hardening media using water, than making medium using oil, obtain higher intensity and hardness, but quenching stress is big, workpiece
It is easily deformed cracking.
Recent studies have shown that in recent years, the relation of tearing tendency and cooling velocity during workpiece quenching is not simple line
Sexual intercourse.With the increase of cooling velocity, tearing tendency first increases, and highest is reached in 350 DEG C/s, and cooling velocity continues to increase
Plus, tearing tendency reduces.Because under the conditions of 350 DEG C/s Fast Coolings, the group that workpiece surface layer and internal contraction expand
Conjunction form changes, and superficial layer is in compressive stress state, so as to mitigate tearing tendency, this is intensive quenching effect.Research
Show, to obtain larger top layer compression, cooling velocity should follow the principle first quick and back slow of " high temperature rapid cooling, low temperature slow cooling ".
Simultaneously under the conditions of Fast Cooling, the index such as hardness, wearability of workpiece under the conditions of low speed cooling also than greatly increasing
Plus.
Publication No. CN106011407A；Technical scheme disclosed in the patent documents such as CN101693942B is in of the invention same
Belong to a field.
The content of the invention
Fatigue behaviour can further be improved it is an object of the invention to provide one kind, quenching intensity is high, cool time and cold
But the adjustable aqueous solution quenching apparatus of intensity.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this：
Including intensive quenching effect groove, medium pool, pump, flow control valve and pipeline, the intensive quenching effect groove peace
On adjustable support, the gradient of intensive quenching effect groove is adjusted by adjustable support, workpiece is controlled in intensive quenching
The time cooled down in effect groove, medium pool is located at the lower section of intensive quenching effect groove, and the medium in medium pool is passed through pipeline by pump
The import of intensive quenching effect groove is sent into, flow control valve is arranged on pipeline.
The present invention can also include：
1st, intensive quenching effect groove is the tubular passage being wrapped to form by the housing of inside and outside interlayer, and interlayer outer wall is tied for sealing
Structure, inwall is perforated plate, and hardening media is passed through in interlayer；Intensive quenching effect groove be divided into above and below two halves, the latter half pass through be situated between
Matter enters hole and produces water cushion function.
2nd, apertured partition is set in the middle of medium pool, apertured partition, which is tilted, to be installed, and medium pool is built-in with heat exchanger, heat exchanger
Connect outside cold water.
The process equipment of the aqueous solution quenching of the present invention, the quenching to steel part for replacing quenching oil.Hardening media
It is nontoxic from the aqueous solution of inorganic salts, it is free from environmental pollution.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
The process equipment quenched using the aqueous solution of the present invention, can be quenched to steel or alloy steel parts.Quenching is without dead
Angle, hardening is uniform, and the hardness and wearability of workpiece are greatly increased.Cool time and quenching intensity controllable, whole cooling procedure
Meet the requirement of " high temperature rapid cooling, low temperature slow cooling ", increase the compression of workpiece outer layer, increase fatigue life.Whole system is simple,
The aqueous solution is cheaper than quenching oil simultaneously, greatly reduces production cost.Hardening media is done using inorganic salt solution simultaneously, is substituted
There are the quenching oil of pollution, environmental protection.
It is each in quenching mainly for vacuum water cold-heat treatment in Publication No. CN106011407A patent document
Batch workpiece is put into hanging basket component, and next group could handle after the completion of processing, is that, by batch processed, and the present invention is that one kind is normal
Equipment for Heating Processing is depressed, can workpiece of the continuous processing in stove out.In Publication No. CN106011407A patent document,
During quenching, workpiece is put into hanging basket component, is sprayed water by shower nozzle, and the local water that workpiece is contacted with hanging basket is not easy to be sprayed onto, and can be formed
Dead angle is cooled down, workpiece is produced soft spots；It is oblique using water cushion effect and intensive quenching effect groove and the present invention devises water cushion function
Degree mating reaction make workpiece motion s, without fixture and bottom plate etc. can block water impact and produce cooling dead angle means of transport,
So as to which hardening media uncrossed can be sprayed onto workpiece surface everywhere, the cooling without dead angle is realized.Another is not both the present invention
Last cooling device is tank, and the cooling velocity of workpiece wherein is reduced, and meeting intensive quenching, " high temperature rapid cooling, low temperature is slow
It is cold " requirement.
It is intensively stirred intensive quenching system in a kind of tank in the patent document that notification number is CN101693942B, it is cold
But function stirs realization in tank, and quenching day part cooling velocity can not be adjusted, while the part sunk to the bottom has cooling dead angle；And
The refrigerating function of the present invention cools down two steps in intensive quenching effect groove water spray and tank and realized, realizes that " high temperature rapid cooling, low temperature is slow
It is cold " requirement.
For the intensive quenching effect reached, time and the intensity of cooling of cooling procedure are controlled, the present invention proposes water cushion
The water-spraying type of passage descending manner, the technique of two sections of coolings, technique are directed to 65Mn, GCr15, the smallclothes zero that the steel such as 9SiCr make
The control time control intensity cooling of part, and according to the device systems of the technique content design manufacture present invention.The present invention is control time control cooling
The equipment of the high speed quenching of intensity, its feature is that technique is simple, and cost is low, and quenching intensity is high, and cool time and intensity of cooling can
Regulation.Workpiece surface compression, can further improve fatigue behaviour, it is adaptable to manufacture gear, and raceway, race ring, spring etc. is needed
Want the part of hard high-strength and high fatigue life.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the system schematic for the process equipment that the aqueous solution of the present invention is quenched.
Fig. 2 is intensive quenching effect sink structure figure in the process equipment that the aqueous solution of the present invention is quenched.
Fig. 3 is pool construction figure in the process equipment that the aqueous solution of the present invention is quenched.
Fig. 4 a are the sample top layer XRD diffraction patterns after 20CrMnTi steel carburizing 1h quench 4s through CaCl2 aqueous medium
Spectrum, Fig. 4 b are partial enlarged drawing.
Fig. 5 be 20CrMnTi through CaCl2 aqueous medium quench different time after impact flexibility with carburizing time change
Trend.
Fig. 6 is the hardness gradient curve after being quenched after 20CrMnTi steel carburizings 10h through CaCl2 aqueous medium.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described for citing below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
With reference to Fig. 1, the process equipment of aqueous solution quenching of the invention is made up of following part：Intensive quenching effect tank,
Adjustable support 2, pond 3, water pump 4, flow control valve 5 and pipeline.
Intensive quenching effect tank 1 is placed on adjustable support 2, by adjusting bracket, and the gradient of tank can adjust.Can
With standoff regulating system 6 in adjusting bracket.By adjusting the gradient of tank, the motion of workpiece in the sink can be adjusted
Speed, so that the time for controlling workpiece to cool down in the sink.
With reference to Fig. 2, intensive quenching effect tank is wrapped to form the passage of a tubular by the housing of inside and outside interlayer.Workpiece from
Channel center passes through.Interlayer outer wall is sealing structure, and inwall is perforated plate, and hardening media is passed through in interlayer, passes through inwall orifice plate
On hole spray.The impact workpiece of the current of ejection strongly, in the cooling effect that the generation of workpiece surface is strong, makes surface at a high speed
Cooling；Tank is divided into upper flume 11,12 liang of half parts of lower flume, and lower flume produces water cushion function by fine and closely woven water-feeding hole,
Feature contacts tank bottom surface is avoided, prevents that cooling velocity is small because of contact tank bottom plate for this part, hardening of tissue degree is low, very
To cracking.Water cushion effect also makes not needing the means of transports such as fixture in part transportation, cools down without dead angle, carries out comprehensively
Strong cooling.
With reference to Fig. 3, apertured partition 7 is set in the middle of pond, apertured partition keeps constant slope, moved downwards beneficial to part,
Pond is built-in with heat exchanger 8, can connect outside cold water.
After workpiece takes out out of heating furnace or after being carried out, into intensive quenching effect groove, then move downward, pass through effect
Answer after groove, and water falls into lower section pond together, workpiece falls on isolation orifice plate, is moved to the inner lead in bottom collection area, herein
Continue to cool down.In intensive quenching effect groove, cooling velocity is high；In pond, cooling velocity is relatively low, meet " high temperature rapid cooling, it is low
The principle of warm slow cooling ".
Quenching technical is：
(1) hardening media uses proportion 1.22g/cm3CaCl2The aqueous solution, medium temperature is 40 DEG C.Workpiece is Charpy U-shaped
Notched impact specimen, length 55mm, cross section is 10 × 10 (mm), and centre is by specification fluting.Workpiece material is 20CrMnTi steel,
Composition (w%)：C 0.21, Si 0.35, Mn 0.99, Cr 1.08, Ti 0.064, P 0.012, S 0.006；
(2) carburizing：Workpiece is cooled down by 930 DEG C of different time carburizings, then oil quenching；
(3) quench：Workpiece heat is quenched to 860 DEG C of insulation 15min in the aqueous solution quenching technical equipment of the present invention,
The water pressure of intensive quenching effect tank is 2kg/cm2, water temperature is 40 DEG C.
(4) it is tempered：Workpiece is incubated 2h at 180 DEG C.
Fig. 4 a- Fig. 4 b, 5,6 show the performance indications of embodiment.From Fig. 5 and 6, by the aqueous solution of the present invention
Quenching technical equipment is quenched, and workpiece can obtain high rigidity and high impact toughness, especially impact flexibility, than the work of common oil hardening
Part is higher by hundred times.
From above-described embodiment as can be seen that the equipment provided using the present invention handles workpiece, high rigidity and height are obtained
Impact flexibility, while can be used in handling the part of a variety of various shapes and material.Cooling capacity of the present invention can adjust, to part
Different piece temper grade is uniform, no dead angle, and relative to quenching oil hardening, cost reduction, pollution-free, application prospect is extensive.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of aqueous solution quenching apparatus, including intensive quenching effect groove, medium pool, pump, flow control valve and pipeline, it is special
Levying is：The intensive quenching effect groove is arranged on adjustable support, and intensive quenching effect groove is adjusted by adjustable support
The time that gradient, control workpiece are cooled down in intensive quenching effect groove, medium pool is located at the lower section of intensive quenching effect groove, pump
Medium in medium pool is sent into the import of intensive quenching effect groove by pipeline, flow control valve is arranged on pipeline.
2. aqueous solution quenching apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Intensive quenching effect groove is by inside and outside interlayer
The tubular passage that housing is wrapped to form, interlayer outer wall is sealing structure, and inwall is perforated plate, and hardening media is passed through in interlayer；By force
Strong quenching effect groove be divided into above and below two halves, the latter half by medium enter hole produce water cushion function.
3. aqueous solution quenching apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that：Apertured partition is set in the middle of medium pool, it is with holes
Dividing plate, which is tilted, to be installed, and medium pool is built-in with heat exchanger, and heat exchanger connects outside cold water.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710411371.2A CN107227398B (en) | 2017-06-05 | 2017-06-05 | A kind of aqueous solution quenching apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710411371.2A CN107227398B (en) | 2017-06-05 | 2017-06-05 | A kind of aqueous solution quenching apparatus |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN107227398A true CN107227398A (en) | 2017-10-03 |
| CN107227398B CN107227398B (en) | 2019-01-08 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102560034A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2012-07-11 | 大连冶金轴承股份有限公司 | Roller quenching machine |
| CN203200301U (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2013-09-18 | 吉林北方捷凯传动轴有限公司 | External cooling water spraying device for middle-frequency quenching |
| CN104195301A (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2014-12-10 | 沈阳飞机工业（集团）有限公司 | Heat treatment quenching device and application thereof |
| CN204981990U (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2016-01-20 | 苏州工业园区吴东炉业有限公司 | Light and thin type is guenching unit for bearing |
-
2017
- 2017-06-05 CN CN201710411371.2A patent/CN107227398B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102560034A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2012-07-11 | 大连冶金轴承股份有限公司 | Roller quenching machine |
| CN203200301U (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2013-09-18 | 吉林北方捷凯传动轴有限公司 | External cooling water spraying device for middle-frequency quenching |
| CN104195301A (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2014-12-10 | 沈阳飞机工业（集团）有限公司 | Heat treatment quenching device and application thereof |
| CN204981990U (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2016-01-20 | 苏州工业园区吴东炉业有限公司 | Light and thin type is guenching unit for bearing |
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| CN107227398B (en) | 2019-01-08 |
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