CN107225299B - Two-tube collapsible tool cathode and its electrolysis milling combined machining method - Google Patents

Two-tube collapsible tool cathode and its electrolysis milling combined machining method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107225299B
CN107225299B CN201710305002.5A CN201710305002A CN107225299B CN 107225299 B CN107225299 B CN 107225299B CN 201710305002 A CN201710305002 A CN 201710305002A CN 107225299 B CN107225299 B CN 107225299B
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outer tube
tube
inner tube
hole
fluid hole
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CN107225299A (en
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曲宁松
牛屾
李寒松
付书星
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23HWORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H3/00Electrochemical machining, i.e. removing metal by passing current between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of an electrolyte
    • B23H3/04Electrodes specially adapted therefor or their manufacture
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23PMETAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of two-tube collapsible tool cathode and its electrolysis milling combined machining methods, belong to electrochemical grinding Compound Machining field.Two-tube collapsible tool cathode proposed by the present invention includes inner tube, outer tube, rubber seal and bolt.Wherein, outer tube fluid hole diameter is more than inner tube fluid hole diameter and centerline hole overlaps, inner tube length is more than outer length of tube, diamond abrasive layer is electroplate on outer tube, inner tube is positioned with outer tube by inner tube positioning convex platform, rubber seal is located at the lower face of inner tube connection boss, using being bolted outer tube pilot hole and connect the threaded hole on boss with inner tube and fasten inner and outer pipe.When processing, electrolyte is flowed into from interior pipe through-hole, and flowing to outer tube through inner tube liquid outlet goes out night hole, then is sprayed onto the finished surface of workpiece.The slightly solubility processing product to flow back in pole clearance enters through outer tube fluid hole in the ring-shaped chamber between inner and outer pipe, can be effectively improved phenomenon of the processing product accumulation in fluid hole.When diamond abrasive layer serious wear, outer tube is only needed to change.The present invention is remarkably improved the processing stability and processing efficiency of electrolysis milling Compound Machining.

Description

Two-tube collapsible tool cathode and its electrolysis milling combined machining method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of two-tube collapsible tool cathode and its electrolysis milling combined machining methods, belong to electrochemical grinding Compound Machining field.
Background technology
To mitigate construction weight, reducing number of parts, raising engine thrust-weight ratio, integrated member is more and more used In contemporary aircraft, such as integral wheel, integral casing, whole diffuser etc..These integrated members mostly use titanium alloy, height The hard-cutting materials such as temperature alloy, and size is big, feature is complicated, structure is frivolous, and there is higher material to remove ratio.For example, China Aircraft titanium alloy edge strip part, will process muscle thickness 3mm, web thickness on the blank of 1300 × 500 × 90mm of size The edge strip class part of 3 ~ 6mm, roughing material removal amount reach about 90%.Therefore, how economic realization difficulty cutting alloy Efficient removal, be still the problem that modern manufacturing industry faces.
Currently, for the integrated member of the hard-cutting materials such as machining titanium alloy, high temperature alloy, common manufacturing process has number Control milling, electrical discharge machining, Electrolyzed Processing.However, the thermal coefficient low and high temperature intensity due to these materials is high, using numerical control Cutting force is big when Milling Process, cutting temperature is high so that tool wear is fast, processing hardening is serious, workpiece residual stress is big, causes Processing efficiency is low, high processing costs, workpiece are yielding.When using electrical spark working working hour, not only processing efficiency is still limited, but also Workpiece machining surface easily forms recast layer, heat affected area and micro-crack, can influence the fatigue strength and working life of integrated member. Although Electrolyzed Processing has many advantages, such as that tool cathode is lossless, high in machining efficiency, processing is unstressed, in anodic dissolution processes In, workpiece surface easily forms the passivating film of higher resistive, compact structure, can hinder the progress of cell reaction.Especially work as electrolysis When stronger from the passivity material such as machining titanium alloy, the active electrolyte of chloride ion-containing etc. is usually selected to go to destroy passivating film, knot Fruit causes serious dispersion corrosion again, causes machining accuracy relatively low.
To improve the defect of above-mentioned manufacturing process, electrolysis milling Combined Machining Technology has been suggested, that is, uses rodlike mill Head is used as tool cathode, is processed motion control in a manner of similar to vertical numerical control milling, is dissolved using Anodic The material removal process of workpiece is realized with the Compound Machining mechanism of mechanical grinding.Being electrolysed milling Compound Machining has high efficiency, low The advantages that cost, high flexibility, on the difficult cutting alloy such as nickel base superalloy, titanium alloy processing type face, cavity, thin-walled, The structures such as boss, this manufacturing process have apparent advantage.Currently, being further introduced into interior injection feed liquid way, electricity Solution liquid can be directly injected to by bistrique endoporus in processing gap, and takes away processing product rapidly.As a result, single feed is removed Material thickness be significantly improved, be more advantageous to the big surplus removal of the difficult cutting alloy of realization of high efficiency, low cost.
Roughing for integrated member, for the material removing rate for pursuing high, the high feed speed of generally use.However, It is found in the electrolysis milling Compound Machining using interior hydrojet tool cathode, has little time a small amount of slightly solubility processing product meeting of discharge It flows back and is attached in tool cathode fluid hole.With the lasting progress of processing, the processing assembled in tool cathode fluid hole is produced Object gradually increases, and the actual logical liquid level product of fluid hole is gradually reduced, and the flow for spraying electrolyte is gradually reduced so that pole clearance Electrolyte inside conductivity reduces, and Anodic corrosive power is caused to weaken, i.e. anode material solution rate slows down.As a result, Under constant feed speed processing, stable balance machining state was broken originally, started to frequently occur spark phenomenon, processing becomes It obtains and no longer stablizes, and cause cutter and workpiece surface damage, or even short circuit occurs, finally force processing stopping.The problem is serious Constrain the further genralrlization and commercial Application of electrolysis milling Combined Machining Technology.
Invention content
The invention reside in, in view of the above-mentioned problems, propose a kind of two-tube collapsible tool cathode and its electrolysis milling it is compound plus Work method improves processing stability and processing efficiency of the technology when big surplus removes.
A kind of two-tube collapsible tool cathode, it is characterised in that:Including inner tube, outer tube, rubber seal, bolt;
The outer tube hub has outer tube blind hole, lower end outside to be electroplate with diamond abrasive layer, the diamond abrasive layer of plating Height is equal to the working depth needed for processing;
The length of said inner tube is more than the length of the outer tube, and interior tube hub has a perforative interior pipe through-hole, outside interior pipe end Side has cricoid inner tube positioning convex platform, inner tube middle part outside to have cricoid inner tube connection boss;
The outer diameter that said inner tube positioning convex platform connects boss with inner tube is equal to the internal diameter of the outer tube;Said inner tube is located at In outer tube;The lower face of said inner tube positioning convex platform is contacted with outer tube blind hole bottom surface;
The side wall of said inner tube is provided with several inner tube fluid holes communicated with its interior pipe through-hole, and the side wall of the outer tube is provided with Several outer tube fluid holes communicated with its outer tube blind hole;
Several Internal Pipe Thread holes are provided on the periphery of said inner tube connection boss, if being provided on the outside of the upper end of the outer tube Do outer tube pilot hole corresponding with above-mentioned Internal Pipe Thread hole, the i.e. coincidence of the center line of Internal Pipe Thread hole and outer tube pilot hole and quantity It is equal;The bolt passes through the outer tube pilot hole and connects and is anchored in said inner tube threaded hole;The rubber seal snare On the side wall of said inner tube, it is located at the lower section of said inner tube connection boss.
The two-tube collapsible tool cathode, it is characterised in that:The outer tube fluid hole and inner tube fluid hole center line weight It closes and quantity is equal;And the diameter of inner tube fluid hole is less than the diameter of the outer tube fluid hole.
The two-tube collapsible tool cathode, it is characterised in that:The upper edge of said inner tube positioning convex platform goes out with the outer tube The Down Highway of fluid apertures is concordant.
The two-tube collapsible tool cathode, it is characterised in that:Said inner tube material is stainless steel.
Utilize the electrolysis milling combined machining method of the two-tube collapsible tool cathode, it is characterised in that including following Process:
The upper end of inner tube of the tool cathode is vertically clamped in machine tool chief axis end, and connects power cathode;Electrolyte is first Along interior pipe through-hole entering tool cathode, outer tube fluid hole is flowed to through inner tube fluid hole, then be sprayed onto the finished surface of workpiece, while interior Ring-shaped chamber between pipe and outer tube is also filled with electrolyte;
When processing, diamond abrasive grain layer region is the working region of tool cathode on outer tube;Open power supply, setting work electricity Pressure, tool cathode are rotated along direction, workpiece feeding, and workpiece material is under the collective effect of Anodic corrosion and mechanical grinding It is removed, wherein most slightly solubility processing product takes machining area, Shao Liangnan out of by the electrolyte sprayed from outer tube fluid hole Dissolubility processing product is flowed back into along outer tube fluid hole in the annular volume between inner tube and outer tube, avoids slightly solubility processing production Object is gathered in outer tube fluid hole;
When outer tube needs replacing, the kinetic control system withdrawing of lathe is first passed through, turning tool is reused and removes bolt Remove old outer tube, and its fluid hole is positioned using new outer tube pilot hole and Internal Pipe Thread hole, is then passed through using turning tool Fastening bolt connects inner and outer pipe.
The present invention has the following advantages:
1, the diameter of the outer tube fluid hole of collapsible tool cathode provided by the invention is more than the diameter of inner tube fluid hole, and There is ring-shaped chamber between inner and outer pipe.Therefore the slightly solubility processing product being back in process in outer tube fluid hole can be after It is continuous to enter in ring-shaped chamber, it avoids continuing to build up in inner tube fluid hole.Compared with hydrojet tool cathode in conventional integral type, The present invention can be effectively improved the phenomenon that flow of electrolyte decline caused by fluid hole internal cause slightly solubility processing product accumulation, to Improve difficult cutting alloy processing stability when big surplus removes.
2, the outer length of tube of collapsible tool cathode provided by the invention, which is less than inner tube and only outer tube hub, blind hole, and normal Hydrojet tool cathode is compared in the integral type of rule, and the aspect ratio of institute's processing blind hole significantly reduces.Further, since inner tube uses corrosion resistant The stainless steel material of erosion, and inner and outer pipe is bolted, therefore when diamond abrasive layer loss is serious, only need to change outer Pipe, it can be used repeatedly for inner tube.These features advantageously reduce the manufacturing cost of tool cathode.
3, the Internal Pipe Thread hole of collapsible tool cathode provided by the invention not only acted as with outer tube pilot hole connect in, The effect of outer tube can also be respectively used to positioning when processing inner tube fluid hole, outer tube fluid hole, can effectively ensure that in after assembling Pipe fluid hole is overlapped with the centerline hole of outer tube fluid hole.Meanwhile inner tube positioning convex platform connects boss with inner tube and is filled in inner and outer pipe With also playing positioning action in the process, and the use of rubber seal then improves the sealing performance of assembly.These design tables The present invention, which is illustrated, has good reliability and feasibility
4, collapsible tool cathode provided by the invention can be designed according to specific process requirements suitable outer pipe outside diameter and The diameter of fluid hole and number etc. on wall thickness, interior pipe outside diameter and wall thickness and inner and outer pipes have good applicability, convenient for promoting And application.
Description of the drawings
The two-tube collapsible tool cathode schematic diagrames of Fig. 1;
Fig. 2 inner tube matrix schematic diagrames;
Fig. 3 outer tube matrix schematic diagrames;
The two-tube collapsible tool catholyte milling Compound Machining principle schematics of Fig. 4;
Figure label title:1, inner tube;2, outer tube;3, rubber seal;4, bolt;5, diamond abrasive layer;6, inner tube Threaded hole;7, inner tube fluid hole;8, interior pipe through-hole;9, inner tube positioning convex platform;10, inner tube connects boss;11, outer tube blind hole;12, Outer tube pilot hole;13, outer tube fluid hole;14, electrolyte flow direction;15, tool cathode direction of rotation;16, slightly solubility is processed Product;17, workpiece;18, workpiece direction of feed;19, power supply.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to specific attached drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Fig. 1 ~ 3, a kind of two-tube collapsible tool cathode, including inner tube 1, outer tube 2, rubber seal 3 and bolt 4, diamond abrasive layer 5 is plated on the outside of outer tube 2.1 center of inner tube has interior pipe through-hole 8, side wall to be provided with several logical with inner tube The inner tube fluid hole 7 that hole 8 communicates, 1 distal end faces edge of inner tube are equipped with cricoid inner tube positioning convex platform 9 upwards, and 1 middle part of inner tube is outer Side is equipped with cricoid inner tube connection boss 10 and is provided with several Internal Pipe Thread holes 6 on inner tube connection boss 10.2 center of outer tube There is outer tube blind hole 11, side wall is provided with several outer tube fluid holes 13 and outer tube pilot hole 12, and the internal diameter of outer tube 2 is positioned equal to inner tube Boss 9 connects the outer diameter of boss 10, the vertical range between 11 bottom surface of 13 Down Highway of outer tube fluid hole and outer tube blind hole with inner tube Equal to the height of inner tube positioning convex platform 9.It is positioned in remaining using the first Internal Pipe Thread hole 6 processed on inner tube positioning convex platform 9 Pipe thread hole 6 and inner tube fluid hole 7 similarly position remaining outer tube by the first outer tube pilot hole 12 processed on outer tube 2 Pilot hole 12 and outer tube fluid hole 13.
When assembling the tool cathode, rubber seal 3 is sleeved on the inner tube 1 positioned at 10 lower section of inner tube connection boss first On side wall;Secondly inner tube 1 is fitted into outer tube 2, so that 9 lower face of inner tube positioning convex platform is contacted with 11 bottom surface of outer tube blind hole, inner tube 9 side wall of positioning convex platform is contacted with 11 side wall of outer tube blind hole, then makes the Internal Pipe Thread hole 6 of first processing and outer tube pilot hole 12 same The heart, after positioning twice 9 upper edge of inner tube positioning convex platform is concordant with 13 Down Highway of outer tube fluid hole, Internal Pipe Thread hole 6 is led with outer tube To the centerline hole in hole 12 overlaps, inner tube fluid hole 7 is overlapped with the centerline hole of outer tube fluid hole 13;Finally use turning tool Bolt 4 is passed through into outer tube pilot hole 12 and is connected in fastening and Internal Pipe Thread hole 6, you can completes assembling
As shown in figure 4, carrying out electrolysis milling Compound Machining, method using two-tube collapsible tool cathode shown in FIG. 1 It mainly includes the following steps that:
The vertical clamping in upper end of the inner tube 1 of the tool cathode in machine tool chief axis end and is connected the negative of power supply 19 by step 1 Workpiece 17 after clamping is connected 19 anode of power supply and completes, to knife, the outer tube 2 of the tool cathode to be made to navigate to initial manufacture position by pole It sets;
Step 2, setting electrolyte operating pressure and temperature, electrolyte enters along flow direction 14 from interior pipe through-hole 8 should Tool cathode is sprayed onto by inner tube fluid hole 7 and outer tube fluid hole 13 on the work surface of workpiece 17, tool cathode inner tube 1 Ring-shaped chamber between outer tube 2 is also filled with electrolyte;
Step 3, open power supply 19, be arranged operating voltage, tool cathode along direction 15 rotate, workpiece 17 along direction 18 into It gives, 17 material of workpiece is removed under the collective effect of Anodic corrosion and mechanical grinding, and wherein most slightly solubility adds Work product 16 takes machining area out of by the electrolyte sprayed from outer tube fluid hole 13, and a small amount of slightly solubility processes product 16 along outer tube Fluid hole 13 flows back into the annular volume between inner tube 1 and outer tube 2, poly- to effectively improve slightly solubility processing product 16 Collect the phenomenon in outer tube fluid hole 13, improves processing stability and processing efficiency when big surplus removal.
Step 4, when needing replacing outer tube, stop processing, withdrawing, using turning tool demounting bolt 4 and remove old New outer tube 2, is sleeved on the outside of inner tube 1 by outer tube 2, is positioned at Internal Pipe Thread hole 6 by outer tube pilot hole 12, is reused rotation Bolt 4 is passed through outer tube pilot hole 12 and connected and is fastened in Internal Pipe Thread hole 6 by tool, is then followed by since step 1, is continued It is processed, until process finishing.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of two-tube collapsible tool cathode, it is characterised in that:
Including inner tube(1), outer tube(2), rubber seal(3), bolt(4);
The outer tube(2)There is outer tube blind hole at center(11), lower end outside is electroplate with diamond abrasive layer(5), the diamond of plating Abrasive grain layer(5)Height is equal to the working depth needed for processing;
Said inner tube(1)Length be more than the outer tube(2)Length, interior tube hub has perforative interior pipe through-hole(8), inner tube end There is cricoid inner tube positioning convex platform in end outside(9), there is cricoid inner tube connection boss in inner tube middle part outside(10);
Said inner tube positioning convex platform(9)Boss is connected with inner tube(10)Outer diameter be equal to the outer tube(2)Internal diameter;In described Pipe is located in outer tube;Said inner tube positioning convex platform(9)Lower face and the outer tube blind hole(11)Bottom surface contacts;
Said inner tube(1)Side wall be provided with it is several with its interior pipe through-hole(8)The inner tube fluid hole communicated(7), the outer tube(2)'s Side wall is provided with several and its outer tube blind hole(11)The outer tube fluid hole communicated(13);
Said inner tube connects boss(10)Periphery on be provided with several Internal Pipe Thread holes(6), the outer tube(2)Upper end on the outside of It is provided with several and above-mentioned Internal Pipe Thread hole(6)Corresponding outer tube pilot hole(12), i.e. Internal Pipe Thread hole(6)With outer tube pilot hole (12)Center line overlap and quantity it is equal;The bolt(4)Across the outer tube pilot hole(12)And connect be anchored on it is described Internal Pipe Thread hole(6)It is interior;The rubber seal(3)It is sleeved on said inner tube(1)Side wall on, be located at said inner tube connect boss (10)Lower section.
2. two-tube collapsible tool cathode according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The outer tube fluid hole(13)With it is interior Pipe fluid hole(7)Center line overlaps and quantity is equal;And inner tube fluid hole(7)Diameter be less than the outer tube fluid hole(13)'s Diameter.
3. two-tube collapsible tool cathode according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Said inner tube positioning convex platform(9)'s Upper edge and the outer tube fluid hole(13)Down Highway it is concordant.
4. two-tube collapsible tool cathode according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Said inner tube(1)For stainless steel Material.
5. utilizing the electrolysis milling combined machining method of two-tube collapsible tool cathode described in claim 1, it is characterised in that Including following procedure:
By the inner tube of the tool cathode(1)Upper end is vertically clamped in machine tool chief axis end, and connects power supply(19)Cathode;Electrolyte First along interior pipe through-hole(8)Entering tool cathode, through inner tube fluid hole(7)Flow to outer tube fluid hole(13), then it is sprayed onto workpiece(17) Finished surface, while inner tube(1)And outer tube(2)Between ring-shaped chamber be also filled with electrolyte;
When processing, diamond abrasive layer on outer tube(5)Region is the working region of tool cathode;Open power supply(19), work is set Make voltage, tool cathode is along direction(15)Rotation, workpiece feeding, workpiece material are total in Anodic corrosion and mechanical grinding It is removed under same-action, wherein most slightly solubility processes product(16)By from outer tube fluid hole(13)The electrolyte of ejection is taken out of Machining area, a small amount of slightly solubility processing product are flowed back into along outer tube fluid hole in the annular volume between inner tube and outer tube, Slightly solubility is avoided to process product accumulation in outer tube fluid hole;
Work as outer tube(2)When needing replacing, the kinetic control system withdrawing of lathe is first passed through, turning tool is reused and removes bolt (4)Remove old outer tube(2), and utilize new outer tube pilot hole(12)With Internal Pipe Thread hole(6)Its fluid hole is positioned, is then used Turning tool passes through fastening bolt(4)Connect inner and outer pipe.
CN201710305002.5A 2017-05-03 2017-05-03 Two-tube collapsible tool cathode and its electrolysis milling combined machining method Active CN107225299B (en)

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