CN106903384B - Multicarity baffle-type is electrolysed milling combined machining method - Google Patents
Multicarity baffle-type is electrolysed milling combined machining method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106903384B CN106903384B CN201710243347.2A CN201710243347A CN106903384B CN 106903384 B CN106903384 B CN 106903384B CN 201710243347 A CN201710243347 A CN 201710243347A CN 106903384 B CN106903384 B CN 106903384B
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- liquid outlet
- baffle
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- blind hole
- fan
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H5/00—Combined machining
- B23H5/06—Electrochemical machining combined with mechanical working, e.g. grinding or honing
- B23H5/08—Electrolytic grinding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H5/00—Combined machining
- B23H5/10—Electrodes specially adapted therefor or their manufacture
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Multicarity baffle-types to be electrolysed milling combined machining method, belongs to electrolysis milling Compound Machining field.The present invention inside tool cathode by being arranged multiple fan-shaped blind hole cavitys, and ring baffle is set above cathode diamond abrasive layer, the insufficient defect of feed flow in processing gap is improved, flow field uniformity is improved, effectively increases the stability and machining accuracy of electrolysis milling Compound Machining.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Multicarity baffle-types to be electrolysed milling combined machining method, belongs to electrolysis milling Compound Machining neck
Domain.
Background technology
With the development of science and technology, used in the industrial circles such as modern Aviation, space flight, ship a large amount of high temperature alloys,
The metal materials such as titanium alloy.For example, GH4169 alloys account for CF6 engines, CY2000 engines and PW4000 engines respectively
Total weight 34%, 56% and 57%；Titanium alloy accounts for 41% etc. of the used total amount of material of Fourth Generation Fighters F-22.However, by this
The influence of some inherent characteristics of a little materials itself, such as the capacity of heat transmission is poor, intensity is high, hardness is big, adds in mechanical processing process
The temperature in work area is higher, cutting force is larger, easily causes the abrasion of cutter.It is with the combustion chamber Thin-Wall Outer Casing in aero-engine
, not only there are numerous different installation bases, reinforcing rib etc. on annular surface, but also the material of part is processed into from blank
Than general up to 60%~80%, this brings lot of challenges to manufacturing technology for removal.
Electrochemical grinding is a kind of mutually compound by the effect of electrolysis and mechanical grinding and realizes the processing method that material removes.
Traditional electrochemical grinding processes generally use conduction grinding wheel as tool cathode, and sprays electricity to machining area by external nozzle
Solve liquid.Under electrolysis, workpiece surface metal occurs to dissolve and generates softer sull, the grinding wheel rotated immediately
Abrasive grain strikes off, and exposes new metal surface and continue to be electrolysed, repeatedly, until reaching certain dimensional accuracy and surface
Roughness.In whole process, most of metal material removes in the form of an ion, therefore the loss of grinding tool is smaller,
It is very suitable for the metal material of difficult processing cutting.However, being limited by grinding wheel structure and feed liquid way, traditional electrochemical grinding
Processing flexibility and less efficient, this is unfavorable for the popularization of the technical advantage.
To improve this problem, electrolysis milling Compound Machining is suggested, i.e., using rodlike bistrique as tool cathode, with class
The generation line of profile is collectively formed by the rotary motion of bistrique electrode and the feed motion of workpiece like the mode of numerical control milling, passes through
The method that processing is formed in phase cutting method.It is processed compared to traditional electrochemical grinding, the introducing of numerical control milling mode significantly improves
The flexibility of processing is, it can be achieved that type face, cavity, thin-walled and the isostructural processing of boss.Initially, it is electrolysed milling Compound Machining still
By the way of external nozzle electrolyte is provided to machining area.However, this feed liquid way is easy to cause electrolyte major part
It is lost in from workpiece surface, when processing cutting-in is larger, electrolyte is difficult to enter the depths in processing gap, as a result limits material and goes
Except the raising of rate.Therefore, interior liquid-spraying type electrolysis milling Compound Machining by it is further proposed that, electrolyte can be direct by bistrique endoporus
It is ejected into processing gap.As a result, the material thickness that single feed is removed is significantly improved, electrolysis milling Compound Machining effect
Rate is further improved.
Common interior hydrojet electrolysis milling Compound Machining tool cathode be bottom sidewall with it is multiple it is equally distributed go out liquid
Hollow single cavity body structure of mouth, when being processed using common interior hydrojet electrolysis milling Compound Machining tool cathode, due to
It is subject to processing the blocking of workpiece, the electrolyte pressure in the liquid outlet of face workpieces processing increases, so as to cause most of electrolysis
Liquid is sprayed from the low pressure liquid outlet for the negative direction that electrolysis milling Compound Machining tool cathode moves, by Electrolyzed Processing flow Field Design
It is found that machining area electrolyte inside feed flow is insufficient at this time, processing heat and electrolysate can not be discharged, be easy to cause knowledge in time
Phenomena such as short circuit and workpiece burn；Meanwhile when electrolyte is sprayed out of processing gap, by Electrolyzed Processing flow Field Design knowledge
It is found that due to the unexpected expansion of flow area, it is easy to cause in processing gap and hole occurs, also easily causes short circuit and workpiece is burnt
Phenomena such as hindering.Both defects present on common interior hydrojet electrolysis milling Compound Machining tool cathode can cause processing steady
Qualitative poor, machining accuracy reduces, and limits the further development of the technology.
Invention content
The present invention relates to a kind of Multicarity baffle-types to be electrolysed milling combined machining method, belongs to electrolysis milling Compound Machining neck
Domain.
A kind of Multicarity baffle-type electrolysis milling combined machining method, it is characterised in that including following procedure：
A. it is electrolysed milling Compound Machining tool cathode using special Multicarity baffle-type, which includes tool cathode
Matrix, blind hole centered on tool cathode intrinsic silicon, cathode lower cylindrical face are uniformly arranged liquid outlet and diamond abrasive layer；Its
It is characterized in that：Above-mentioned central blind hole is uniformly divided into several fan-shaped blind hole cavitys by several axially spaced plates；Fan-shaped blind hole cavity will
Above-mentioned liquid outlet is uniformly divided into several groups, and each sector blind hole cavity is communicated with one group of liquid outlet；Above-mentioned cathode lower cylindrical face
There is ring baffle, ring baffle lower surface to have insulating coating above the diamond abrasive layer.The present invention by
The multiple fan-shaped blind hole cavitys of setting inside tool cathode, and ring baffle is set above cathode diamond abrasive layer, improve
Processing gap feed flow insufficient defect, improves flow field uniformity, effectively increases the stability of electrolysis milling Compound Machining
And machining accuracy.Wherein tool cathode size, separation plate thickness, liquid outlet quantity, abrasive grain layer size, baffle dimensions etc. can roots
Factually border process requirements unrestricted choice ensure that the versatility of the invention.
B. when electrolysis milling Compound Machining carries out, ring baffle lower surface is kept to be in contact with the upper surface of workpieces processing,
Electrolyte is prevented to be flowed out out of processing gap；C. when electrolysis milling Compound Machining carries out, electrolyte respectively enters tool cathode base
In internal each fan-shaped blind cavity body, sprayed from the corresponding cathode bottom cylindrical surface liquid outlet of each sector blind hole cavity, spray
It is mapped on the machined surface of workpieces processing；D. after electrolysis milling Compound Machining starts, the axially spaced plate of fan-shaped blind hole inside cavity
Electrolyte is prevented to be moved from high pressure liquid outlet into low pressure liquid outlet, while electrolysis of the ring baffle to being sprayed out of processing gap
Liquid plays the role of barrier effect, and the two makes processing clearance flow more sufficient simultaneously, improves the electrolyte in processing gap
Distributing homogeneity；Above-mentioned high pressure liquid outlet refers to the liquid outlet of face machining area, and low pressure liquid outlet refers to high pressure liquid outlet pair
The liquid outlet in face.
The Multicarity baffle-type is electrolysed milling Compound Machining tool cathode, it is characterised in that：Above-mentioned sector blind cavity
Body quantity is identical as the liquid outlet axial direction columns on cathode bottom cylindrical surface, each fan-shaped blind hole cavity corresponds to a row liquid outlet,
And the two communicates.Such design may insure that the flow field condition in each cavity is identical.
The Multicarity baffle-type is electrolysed milling Compound Machining tool cathode, it is characterised in that：Under above-mentioned ring baffle
Surface is equal with tool cathode fabrication design cutting-in at a distance from tool cathode base bottom plane.The setting, which can ensure that, works as tool
Cathode is when setting cutting depth is processed, it is ensured that ring baffle lower surface is in contact with the upper surface of workpieces processing, prevents
Electrolyte is flowed out out of processing gap, can effectively increase electrolyte back pressure in processing gap, improves electrolyte point in processing gap
Cloth uniformity.
The present invention has the following advantages
1. common interior hydrojet electrolysis milling Compound Machining tool cathode be bottom sidewall with it is multiple it is equally distributed go out
Hollow single cavity body structure of liquid mouth, when being processed using common interior hydrojet electrolysis milling Compound Machining tool cathode, by
Electrolyte pressure in the blocking for being subject to processing workpiece, the liquid outlet of face machining area increases, so as to cause most of electricity
Solution liquid is sprayed from the low pressure liquid outlet for the negative direction that electrolysis milling Compound Machining tool cathode moves, and is set by Electrolyzed Processing flow field
Knowledge is counted it is found that machining area electrolyte inside feed flow is insufficient at this time, processing heat and electrolysate can not be discharged, be easy to make in time
Phenomena such as at short circuit and workpiece burn.The present invention in tool cathode intrinsic silicon by being arranged multiple fan-shaped blind hole cavitys, respectively
Demarcation strip between a blind hole cavity prevents the electrolyte in flow direction processing gap because flow direction is transferred in pressure rise leads to non-add
The lower liquid outlet of pressure in work area increases the flow of the electrolyte in flow direction processing gap；
2. when being processed using common interior hydrojet electrolysis milling Compound Machining tool cathode, by Electrolyzed Processing flow field
Design knowledge makes electrolyte flow rate at this uprush and abrupt pressure reduction, electrolyte it is found that since processing gap location runner reduces suddenly
Gasification forms bubble and gathers, and forms hole.Hole is easy to cause processing quality variation, also easily causes short circuit and workpiece
Phenomena such as burn.The present invention above cathode diamond abrasive layer by being arranged ring baffle, to what is sprayed out of processing gap
Electrolyte plays barrier effect, and the electrolyte to processing inner space forms back pressure, is conducive to prevent hole in processing gap existing
As generating, while improving the scarce liquid phenomenon in processing gap.
3. multi-cavity structure is arranged in the present invention inside tool cathode, setting ring baffle in outside is made simultaneously by the two
With so that processing clearance flow is more sufficient, reduces the generation of cavitation, improves processing gap electrolyte and is evenly distributed
Property.Therefore, the present invention can effectively improve the stability and machining accuracy of interior hydrojet electrolysis milling Compound Machining.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is tool cathode structural schematic diagram
Fig. 2 is cross-sectional view at tool cathode liquid outlet
Fig. 3 is electrolysis milling machining sketch chart
Fig. 4 is hydrojet cathode machining sketch chart in common
Fig. 5 is hydrojet cathode machining sketch chart in Multicarity
Fig. 6 is hydrojet cathode flow field Pressure Simulation figure in common
Fig. 7 is the interior hydrojet cathode flow field Pressure Simulation figure for adding ring baffle
Fig. 8 is hydrojet cathode flow field velocity simulation figure in common
Fig. 9 is the interior hydrojet cathode flow field velocity simulation figure for adding multi-cavity structure
Wherein label is entitled：1. tool cathode matrix, 2. fan-shaped blind hole cavitys, 3. ring baffles, 4. liquid outlets, 5. gold medals
Hard rock abrasive grain layer, 6. demarcation strips, 7. processing gaps, 8. high pressure liquid outlets, 9. low pressure liquid outlets, 10. electrolyte flow directions,
11. the tool cathode direction of motion, 12. tool cathode direction of rotation, 13. workpieces processings.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, invention is further explained：
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of Multicarity baffle-type proposed by the present invention is electrolysed milling Compound Machining tool cathode,
Including tool cathode matrix 1, blind hole centered on 1 inside of tool cathode matrix, cathode lower cylindrical face has ring baffle 3,
Even arrangement liquid outlet 4 and diamond abrasive layer (5)；It is characterized in that：Above-mentioned central blind hole is uniformly divided by several axially spaced plates 6
At several fan-shaped blind hole cavitys 2；Above-mentioned liquid outlet 4 is uniformly divided into several groups, each sector blind hole cavity by fan-shaped blind hole cavity 2
2 communicate with one group of liquid outlet；Above-mentioned ring baffle 3 is located above the diamond abrasive layer (5), 3 following table mask of ring baffle
There is insulating coating.Wherein tool cathode size, separation plate thickness, liquid outlet quantity, abrasive grain layer size, baffle dimensions etc.
According to actual processing demand unrestricted choice, the versatility of the invention ensure that.
As shown in figure 3, when electrolysis milling Compound Machining carries out, the upper table of ring baffle 3 lower surface and workpieces processing 6 is kept
Face is in contact, and prevents electrolyte outflow out of processing gap 7；When being electrolysed the progress of milling Compound Machining, electrolyte respectively enters work
Have in each fan-shaped blind hole cavity 2 in cathode base 1, goes out from each fan-shaped 2 corresponding cathode bottom cylindrical surface of blind hole cavity
Liquid mouth 4 sprays, and is ejected on the machined surface of workpieces processing 13；Ring baffle 3 plays the electrolyte sprayed out of processing gap 7
Barrier effect forms back pressure to the electrolyte inside processing gap 7, is conducive to prevent cavitation in processing gap 7 from generating, together
When improve processing gap in scarce liquid phenomenon.
As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, when being processed using common interior hydrojet electrolysis milling Compound Machining tool cathode,
Due to being subject to processing the blocking of workpiece 6, the electrolyte pressure in the liquid outlet 8 of face machining area increases, so as to cause big portion
Electrolyte is divided to be sprayed from the low pressure liquid outlet 9 for the negative direction that electrolysis milling tool cathode moves, by Electrolyzed Processing flow Field Design
It is found that 7 electrolyte inside feed flow of processing gap is insufficient at this time, processing heat and electrolysate can not be discharged, be easy to make knowledge in time
Phenomena such as at short circuit and workpiece burn.The present invention by the way that multiple fan-shaped blind hole cavitys 2 are arranged inside tool cathode matrix 1,
Demarcation strip between each blind hole cavity 2 prevents flow direction to lead to the electrolyte for the liquid outlet 8 for processing gap 7 because of pressure rise
Then flow direction leads to the lower liquid outlet 9 of pressure in non-processing area, increases the flow of the electrolyte in flow direction processing gap 7.
As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, under identical simulated conditions, in common interior hydrojet cathode flow field, due to processing gap
7 liquid outlets are not blocked, and partial electrolyte liquid is sprayed out of processing gap 7, cause processing 7 internal pressure of gap to become smaller, part
There is negative pressure generation in region, and therefore, this processing method easy tos produce cavitation, is unfavorable for processing and carries out.And with baffle
Interior hydrojet cathode flow field in, due to ring baffle 3 blocking to processing gap 7 in electrolyte be applied with back pressure, between processing
Electrolyte pressure in gap 7 obviously rises, and is conducive to the generation for preventing cavitation.
As shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9, it at 0.2 MPa of electrolyte pressure, the simulated conditions of cathode diameter 6mm, is processed in diagram
In regional cross section, peak flow rate (PFR) is 20.47m/s, mean flow rate 3.08m/s, Multicarity cathode flow field in conventional cathode flow field
Middle peak flow rate (PFR) is 20.10 m/s, mean flow rate 5.01m/s.Since mean flow rate reflects point of machining area flow field
Cloth state can make the flow of machining area more sufficient so compared with common interior hydrojet cathode using the cathode of multi-cavity structure,
Therefore, process gap 7 in scarce liquid phenomenon also can be improved significantly, be conducive to improve processing quality.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of Multicarity baffle-type is electrolysed milling combined machining method,
It is characterized by comprising following procedure：
A. it is electrolysed milling Compound Machining tool cathode using dedicated Multicarity baffle-type, which includes tool cathode base
Body（1）, tool cathode matrix（1）Blind hole centered on inside, cathode lower cylindrical face are uniformly arranged liquid outlet（4）With Buddha's warrior attendant stone mill
Granulosa (5)；Above-mentioned central blind hole is by several axially spaced plates（6）Uniformly it is divided into several fan-shaped blind hole cavitys（2）；Fan-shaped blind cavity
Body（2）By above-mentioned liquid outlet（4）Uniformly it is divided into several groups, each sector blind hole cavity（2）It is communicated with one group of liquid outlet；Above-mentioned the moon
Pole lower cylindrical face, which is located above the diamond abrasive layer (5), has ring baffle（3）, ring baffle（3）Lower surface has
Insulating coating；
B. when electrolysis milling Compound Machining carries out, ring baffle is kept（3）Lower surface and workpieces processing（13）Upper surface connect
It touches, prevents electrolyte from processing gap（7）Interior outflow；
C. when electrolysis milling Compound Machining carries out, electrolyte respectively enters tool cathode matrix（1）Interior each fan-shaped blind cavity
Body（2）It is interior, from each fan-shaped blind hole cavity（2）Corresponding cathode bottom cylindrical surface liquid outlet（4）It sprays, is ejected into workpieces processing
（13）Machined surface on；
D. after electrolysis milling Compound Machining starts, fan-shaped blind hole cavity（2）Internal axially spaced plate（6）Prevent electrolyte from height
Press juice mouth（8）To low pressure liquid outlet（9）Interior movement, while ring baffle（3）To from processing gap（7）The electrolyte of interior ejection
Play the role of barrier effect, the two is simultaneously so that processing gap（7）Flow is more sufficient, improves processing gap（7）Interior electricity
Solve liquid distributing homogeneity；Above-mentioned high pressure liquid outlet（8）Refer to the liquid outlet of face machining area, low pressure liquid outlet（9）It refer to height
The liquid outlet on press juice mouth opposite.
2. Multicarity baffle-type according to claim 1 is electrolysed milling combined machining method, it is characterised in that：Above-mentioned multi-cavity
Body baffle-type is electrolysed the fan-shaped blind hole cavity of milling Compound Machining tool cathode（2）The liquid outlet of quantity and cathode bottom cylindrical surface
（4）Axial columns is identical, each fan-shaped blind hole cavity（2）A corresponding row liquid outlet（4）, and the two communicates.
3. Multicarity baffle-type according to claim 1 is electrolysed milling combined machining method, it is characterised in that：Above-mentioned multi-cavity
Body baffle-type is electrolysed the ring baffle of milling Compound Machining tool cathode（3）Lower surface and tool cathode matrix（1）Bottom plane
Distance it is equal with tool cathode fabrication design cutting-in.
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