CN107223617B - Penaeus vannamei boone cultivation method capable of shortening cultivation period - Google Patents

Penaeus vannamei boone cultivation method capable of shortening cultivation period Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN107223617B
CN107223617B CN201710385999.XA CN201710385999A CN107223617B CN 107223617 B CN107223617 B CN 107223617B CN 201710385999 A CN201710385999 A CN 201710385999A CN 107223617 B CN107223617 B CN 107223617B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
feeding
water
parts
pump
total amount
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201710385999.XA
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN107223617A (en
Inventor
周代伟
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Yangxi Liangshi aquaculture Co., Ltd
Original Assignee
Yangxi Liangshi Aquaculture Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Yangxi Liangshi Aquaculture Co Ltd filed Critical Yangxi Liangshi Aquaculture Co Ltd
Priority to CN201710385999.XA priority Critical patent/CN107223617B/en
Publication of CN107223617A publication Critical patent/CN107223617A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN107223617B publication Critical patent/CN107223617B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
    • A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/14—Pretreatment of feeding-stuffs with enzymes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/174—Vitamins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Birds (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for culturing penaeus vannamei boone, which shortens the culture period and comprises the following steps: controlling the pH value and transparency of water in a culture pond, wherein a sewage discharge mechanism and a water circulation mechanism are arranged inside the culture pond; step two, putting shrimp fries from a shallow water area; feeding nutrition enhancing materials 1-5 days after the shrimp seedlings are put in, and feeding according to a first feeding method; stopping feeding the nutrition enhancing material at 6 days after the shrimp seedlings are put in, changing to a body building material for feeding for 20-35 days, and feeding according to a second feeding method; and step five, replacing the meat-enriching materials for feeding, and feeding according to a third feeding method. The invention has the advantages of shortening the culture period, improving the survival rate and the acre yield of the penaeus vannamei boone and reducing the bait coefficient.

Description

Penaeus vannamei boone cultivation method capable of shortening cultivation period
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of penaeus vannamei boone cultivation. More specifically, the invention relates to a method for culturing Penaeus vannamei Boone, which can shorten the culture period.
Background
The Penaeus vannamei Boone, named Vanna prawn as a broad-temperature euryhaline tropical shrimp, has the appearance similar to that of Penaeus chinensis and Penaeus margaritae, has an average service life at least longer than 32 months, can reach 24cm as the longest adult, has thin shell, is light grey in normal body color, has no speckle in the whole body, is chalk-like in step, is called white shrimp, has delicious meat quality and has high economic value.
At present, the culture of south America white shrimps cultured in Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Hainan, Zhejiang, Shandong, Hebei province or autonomous regions is gradually promoted, the south America white shrimps cultured in Yangtze Staphyla town in Tianjin city are famous in the world, and the south America white shrimps are called as villages of Chinese fishes and shrimps, wherein the technology of the south America white shrimps is the most mature.
The penaeus vannamei boone has delicious meat quality, the meat yield can reach 67 percent, the suitable temperature range is wide, the penaeus vannamei boone can grow at 18-32 ℃, the suitable salt range is wide, the penaeus vannamei boone can grow under the condition that the salinity is 1-40 per mill, and the penaeus vannamei boone is an excellent desalination culture variety. The penaeus vannamei boone grows fast, and is gradually the main breeding shrimp species in south China, and shrimp seeds, shrimp nauplii or parent shrimps are supplied in Xiamen, North sea, south Ning and Guangzhou and other places in China.
However, the existing culture period of the penaeus vannamei boone is generally long, the penaeus vannamei boone can be sold at a good price only when the penaeus vannamei boone reaches the market specification of the macrobrachium nipponense, and the culture time is at least more than 90 days when the penaeus vannamei boone reaches the requirement of the specification weight, and an overlong culture period also represents that a greater culture risk is born, so that the development of a penaeus vannamei boone culture method which can reach the market specification of the macrobrachium nipponense and can shorten the culture period is urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and to provide at least the advantages described later.
The invention also aims to provide a method for culturing the penaeus vannamei boone, which can shorten the culturing period of the penaeus vannamei boone obviously, improve the survival rate and the acre yield of the penaeus vannamei boone and reduce the bait coefficient on the premise of ensuring the marketing specification of the penaeus vannamei boone.
To achieve these objects and other advantages in accordance with the present invention, there is provided a method for culturing Penaeus vannamei Boone with a shortened culturing period, comprising the following steps in parts by weight:
step one, 1 aerator is arranged on each mu of water surface of sterilized culture pond water, the depth of the culture pond water is 1-1.5 m, the culture pond water is subjected to rich water treatment, the pH value of the culture pond water is controlled to be 7.8-8.5, and the transparency is 30-40 cm;
wherein, breed the pond and be the rectangular bodily form of class, its bottom slope is 7 with the contained angle of horizontal plane, forms shallow water district and deep water district breed the pond inside and be equipped with:
the sewage draining mechanism comprises a sewage collecting groove arranged at the bottom of the deep water area, a sewage draining pipe communicated with the sewage collecting groove and a filter screen covered on the sewage collecting groove, and a pump is arranged on the sewage draining pipe;
the water circulation mechanism comprises a buffer pool arranged on one side of the shallow water area and a plurality of water pipes arranged on the circumferential direction of the inner side wall of the culture pool, the buffer pool is communicated with the culture pool through a water inlet, a filter screen is arranged on the water inlet, a plurality of water outlet holes are formed in each water pipe at intervals, one end of each water pipe is communicated with the water outlet of the buffer pool, the other end of each water pipe is closed, and a pump is arranged on each water pipe;
step two, feeding shrimp seeds with the length of 0.8-1.2 cm from a shallow water area to a culture pond with the water temperature of 25-30 ℃, wherein the feeding density of the shrimp seeds is 8-12 ten thousand tails per mu;
feeding nutrition enhancing materials 1-5 days after the shrimp seedlings are put in, and feeding according to a first feeding method;
wherein the first feeding method specifically comprises the following steps: feeding for three times, wherein the first time is 6: 00-7: 00 in the morning, the feeding is 30-40% of the total amount of the nutrition enhancing materials, the second time is 1: 00-2: 00 in the afternoon, the feeding is 15-25% of the total amount of the nutrition enhancing materials, the third time is 7: 00-8: 00 in the afternoon, the feeding is 40-50% of the total amount of the nutrition enhancing materials, after feeding for 1-1.5 h each time, the pump on the water pipe is started, after 1.5-2.5 h, the pump on the sewage discharge pipe is started, and after 15-30 min, the pump on the water pipe and the pump on the sewage discharge pipe are closed;
the nutrient enrichment material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: a. crushing 100 parts of pigskin and 50 parts of fish and shrimp leftovers, adding 200 parts of water, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 15-20 min under the condition of a water bath at 90 ℃, cooling, adjusting the pH value to 8.5, adding 0.6 part of pancreatin under the condition of the water bath at 37 ℃, stirring for enzymolysis for 6h, and refrigerating at 4 ℃ to obtain a first zymolyte;
b. crushing 50 parts of flower beans, 50 parts of taros and 20 parts of mung beans, adding 200 parts of water, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 20-30 min under the condition of boiling water bath, cooling, adjusting the pH value to 6, adding 0.8 part of phytase, 0.5 part of neutral cellulase and 0.8 part of amylase under the condition of 45 ℃ water bath, stirring for enzymolysis for 7h, and refrigerating at 4 ℃ to obtain a second zymolyte;
c. crushing 100 parts of bean curd residue, 50 parts of carrot, 20 parts of rice and 100 parts of crucian, sterilizing, inoculating bacillus subtilis, culturing at 37 ℃ for 18 hours, and refrigerating at 4 ℃ to obtain a first fermentation product;
d. uniformly mixing 100 parts of first zymolyte, 100 parts of second zymolyte and 100 parts of first ferment, adjusting the pH value to 5.5-6.0, adding 0.8 part of lipoxidase, placing in a water bath at 25 ℃, stirring for 6 hours, and then sterilizing for 50 minutes at 120 ℃ to obtain a nutritional agent;
e. uniformly mixing 100 parts of nutritional agent, 10 parts of water, 0.25 part of carrageenan and 0.25 part of β -cyclodextrin in a water bath at 85 ℃, taking out, adding 1000 parts of opening material, and uniformly mixing;
stopping feeding the nutrition enhancing material at 6 days after the shrimp seedlings are put in, changing to a body building material for feeding for 20-35 days, and feeding according to a second feeding method;
wherein the second feeding method specifically comprises the following steps: feeding the health-care food five times every day, wherein the feeding is carried out for the first time at 6: 00-7: 00 in the morning, 20% -30% of the total amount of the health-care food is fed, the feeding is carried out for the second time at 9: 00-10: 00 in the morning, 10% -15% of the total amount of the health-care food is fed, the feeding is carried out for the third time at 1: 00-2: 00 in the afternoon, 10% -15% of the total amount of the health-care food is fed, the feeding is carried out for the fourth time at 6: 00-7: 00 in the afternoon, 20% -30% of the total amount of the health-care food is fed, the pump on the water pipe is started after 1-1.5 hours of feeding each time, the pump on the sewage discharge pipe is started after 1.5-2.5 hours, and the pumps on the water pipe and the sewage discharge pipe are closed after 15-30 minutes;
the body building material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: crushing 100 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of diatom and 10 parts of green algae, adding 5 parts of peanut kernels, adding 100 parts of water, uniformly mixing, adjusting the pH value to 4.0-4.5, adding 20 parts of saccharifying enzyme under the water bath condition of 60-65 ℃, stirring for enzymolysis for 8 hours, cooling, adding 10 parts of monascus and 10 parts of gluconobacter oxydans, culturing for 24 hours under the condition of 30 ℃, and sterilizing to obtain a second fermented product;
II, uniformly mixing 100 parts of the first zymolyte, 100 parts of the second zymolyte, 50 parts of the second zymolyte, 5 parts of honey, 0.5 part of carrageenan and 0.5 part of β -cyclodextrin in a water bath at 85 ℃, taking out, adding 1000 parts of juvenile shrimp feed, and uniformly mixing;
step five, replacing the meat-adding materials for feeding, and feeding according to a third feeding method;
wherein the third feeding method specifically comprises the following steps: feeding for five times every day, wherein the first time is 6: 00-7: 00 in the morning, the feeding amount is 20-30% of the total amount of the meat-enhancing materials, after feeding for 30-40 min, the body-building materials are fed in a shallow water area, the feeding amount is 2-5% of the total amount of the meat-enhancing materials in the day, the second time is 9: 00-10: 00 in the morning, the feeding amount is 10-15% of the total amount of the meat-enhancing materials, the third time is 1: 00-2: 00 in the afternoon, the feeding amount is 10-15% of the total amount of the meat-enhancing materials, the fourth time is 6: 00-7: 00 in the afternoon, the fourth time is 20-30% of the total amount of the meat-enhancing materials, the fifth time is 10: 00-12: 00 in the afternoon, the feeding amount is 20-30% of the total amount of the meat-enhancing materials, after feeding for 30-40 min, the body-building materials are fed in a shallow water area, the feeding amount is 2-5% of the total amount of the meat-enhancing materials in the day, after feeding for 1-1.5 h, and, starting a pump on the sewage discharge pipe, and closing the pump on the water pipe and the pump on the sewage discharge pipe after 15-30 min;
the meat enhancing material is prepared by uniformly mixing 100 parts of first zymolyte, 100 parts of second zymolyte, 5 parts of multivitamin, 0.5 part of carrageenan and 0.5 part of β -cyclodextrin in a water bath at 85 ℃, taking out, adding 1000 parts of shrimp feed, and uniformly mixing.
Preferably, the aperture of the filter screen is 1-2 mm.
Preferably, the protein content of the starter feed, the shrimp feed, and the shrimp-middle feed is 42%, 40%, and 32%, respectively.
Preferably, the culture pond further comprises a dosing tank which is communicated with the buffer tank through a dosing pipe, and a pump is arranged on the dosing pipe.
Preferably, the method further comprises the step of adding a water purifying agent, specifically: uniformly mixing a water purifying agent and water according to the mass ratio of 1:100, and then placing the mixture in a dosing tank;
wherein the water purifying agent is one or more of photosynthetic bacteria, EM bacteria or spirulina powder.
Preferably, the fertilizer water treatment specifically comprises the following steps: discharging unicellular algae auxin into the culture pond 7-10 days before the shrimp larvae are thrown, discharging aquatic algae sources into the culture pond according to 2kg of water surface per mu every 2-3 days, discharging culture algae bases into the culture pond according to 3kg of water surface per mu every 2-3 days, starting an aerator and a pump on a water pipe every 12: 00-2: 00 afternoon every day, and closing after 1-2 hours.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
firstly, feeding nutrition enhancing materials, body building materials and meat enhancing materials, and starting a pump on a water pipe and a pump on a blow-off pipe to process after feeding each time, so that the culture period of the penaeus vannamei boone can be obviously shortened, the growth speed of the penaeus vannamei boone is accelerated, the survival rate and the acre yield are effectively improved, and the bait coefficient is reduced;
secondly, a first zymolyte obtained by enzymolysis of pigskin and leftovers of fishes and shrimps, a second zymolyte obtained by enzymolysis of phaseolus vulgaris, taro and mung beans through phytase and neutral cellulase, bean curd residue, carrots, rice and a first fermentation product obtained by fermentation of crucian through bacillus subtilis are combined to provide comprehensive amino acid types and total amount for the growth of the penaeus vannamei which just enters a culture pond, so that nutrients for enhancing the disease resistance of the penaeus vannamei are provided, and substances obtained by enzymolysis and fermentation are easier to digest and absorb by intestinal tracts of the penaeus vannamei, so that the healthy and rapid growth of the young penaeus vannamei is promoted;
thirdly, after the soybean meal, the diatom, the green algae and the peanut kernel are subjected to enzymolysis, the red koji and the gluconobacter oxydans are used for fermentation to obtain a second fermentation product, and then the second fermentation product is combined with the first enzymolysis product, the second enzymolysis product and the honey to provide rich nutrient substances for the penaeus vannamei and protect the intestinal tract of the penaeus vannamei, so that the penaeus vannamei can nourish and protect the stomach in the juvenile stage and develop into the intestines and stomach with healthy and strong digestion functions to assist the digestion of the penaeus vannamei on the bait and promote the growth, and trace elements can be provided to improve the resistance of the penaeus vannamei on external diseases and prevent the penaeus vannamei from being ill;
fourthly, in the rapid meat-growing period of the penaeus vannamei boone, meat enhancing materials are adopted for feeding, the meat enhancing materials are prepared from a first zymolyte, a second zymolyte, compound vitamins and medium shrimp materials, amino acid, calcium and vitamin substances required by the meat-growing period of the penaeus vannamei boone can be synchronously provided, and aiming at the rapid meat-growing period of the penaeus vannamei boone, more food is taken, so that the gastrointestinal load is overweight, the enzymolysis materials are adopted for feeding, the effect of reducing the gastrointestinal load is achieved, and the digestion and absorption speed is improved;
fifthly, most of the small penaeus vannamei boone stays in the shallow water area, and the body building materials can be added in the shallow water area, so that the small penaeus vannamei boone can be taken care of and further supplemented to the body building materials, the gastrointestinal health of the penaeus vannamei boone is promoted, the digestion function is enhanced, the penaeus vannamei boone in the whole culture pond can grow in a balanced manner, and the overall survival rate is improved.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a culture pond according to the present invention;
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples so that those skilled in the art can practice the invention with reference to the description.
It is to be noted that the experimental methods described in the following embodiments are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the reagents and materials, if not otherwise specified, are commercially available; in the description of the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
< example 1>
A method for culturing Penaeus vannamei Boone with a shortened culture period comprises the following steps of:
step one, 1 aerator is arranged on the water surface of each mu of sterilized culture pond water, the depth of the water at the central axis 11 of the culture pond 1 is 1m, the water in the culture pond is subjected to rich water treatment, the pH value of the water in the culture pond is controlled to be 7.8, and the transparency is 30 cm;
wherein, breed pond 1 and be the rectangular bodily form of class, its bottom slope is 7 with the contained angle of horizontal plane, forms shallow water district 2 and deep water district 3, and shallow water district 2 and deep water district 3 are with the axis 11 of bottom as the border, axis 11 is on a parallel with the edge of the high and low both sides in bottom, breed 1 inside in pond and be equipped with:
the sewage discharge mechanism 4 comprises a sewage collection groove arranged at the bottom of the deep water area 3, a sewage discharge pipe communicated with the sewage collection groove and a filter screen covered on the sewage collection groove, and a pump is arranged on the sewage discharge pipe;
the water circulation mechanism comprises a buffer pool 5 arranged on one side of the shallow water area 2 and a plurality of water pipes 6 arranged on the circumferential direction of the inner side wall of the culture pool 1, wherein the buffer pool 5 is communicated with the culture pool 1 through a water inlet 7, a filter screen is arranged on the water inlet 7, a plurality of water outlet holes are formed in each water pipe 6 at intervals, one end of each water pipe 6 is communicated with a water outlet of the buffer pool 5, the other end of each water pipe is closed, a pump is arranged on each water pipe 6, and the aperture of each filter screen is 1 mm;
the culture pond 1 further comprises a dosing tank which is communicated with the buffer pond 5 through a dosing pipe 8, and a pump is arranged on the dosing pipe 8;
the fertilizer water treatment specifically comprises the following steps: and 7d before the shrimp larvae are thrown, firstly, 2kg of unicellular algae auxin is applied to the culture pond 1 per mu of water surface, 3kg of aquatic algae sources are applied to the culture pond 1 per mu of water surface every 2d, 1kg of culture medium is applied to the culture pond 1 per mu of water surface, an aerator and a pump on the water pipe 6 are started at 12:00 pm every day, and the pump is closed after 1 h.
Step two, putting shrimp seeds with the length of 0.8cm from the shallow water area 2 to a culture pond 1 with the water temperature of 25 ℃, wherein the putting density of the shrimp seeds is 8 ten thousand per mu;
feeding nutrition enhancing materials 1-5 days after the shrimp seedlings are put in, and feeding according to a first feeding method;
wherein the first feeding method specifically comprises the following steps: feeding for three times, wherein the first time is at 6:00 a.m., the feeding amount is 30% of the total amount of the nutrition enhancing materials, the second time is at 1:00 a.m., the feeding amount is 25% of the total amount of the nutrition enhancing materials, the third time is at 7:00 a.m., the feeding amount is 45% of the total amount of the nutrition enhancing materials, after feeding for 1h each time, the pump on the water pipe 6 is started, after 1.5h, the pump on the sewage discharge pipe is started, and after 15min, the pump on the water pipe 6 and the pump on the sewage discharge pipe are closed;
the nutrient enrichment material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: a. crushing 100 parts of pigskin and 50 parts of fish and shrimp leftovers, adding 200 parts of water, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 15min under the condition of a water bath at 90 ℃, cooling, adjusting the pH value to 8.5, adding 0.6 part of pancreatin under the condition of the water bath at 37 ℃, stirring for enzymolysis for 6h, and refrigerating at 4 ℃ to obtain a first zymolyte;
b. crushing 50 parts of flower beans, 50 parts of taros and 20 parts of mung beans, adding 200 parts of water, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 20min under the condition of boiling water bath, cooling, adjusting the pH value to 6, adding 0.8 part of phytase, 0.5 part of neutral cellulase and 0.8 part of amylase under the condition of 45 ℃ water bath, stirring for enzymolysis for 7h, and refrigerating at 4 ℃ to obtain a second zymolyte;
c. crushing 100 parts of bean curd residue, 50 parts of carrot, 20 parts of rice and 100 parts of crucian, sterilizing, inoculating bacillus subtilis, culturing at 37 ℃ for 18 hours, and refrigerating at 4 ℃ to obtain a first fermentation product;
d. uniformly mixing 100 parts of the first zymolyte, 100 parts of the second zymolyte and 100 parts of the first zymolyte, adjusting the pH value to 5.5, adding 0.8 part of lipoxidase, placing in a water bath condition at 25 ℃, stirring for 6 hours, and then sterilizing for 50 minutes at 120 ℃ to obtain the nutritional agent;
e. uniformly mixing 100 parts of nutritional agent, 10 parts of water, 0.25 part of carrageenan and 0.25 part of β -cyclodextrin in a water bath at 85 ℃, taking out, adding 1000 parts of opening material, and uniformly mixing;
stopping feeding the nutrition enhancing material at 6d after the shrimp seedlings are put in, changing to body building material for feeding for 20d, and feeding according to a second feeding method;
wherein the second feeding method specifically comprises the following steps: feeding the health-care food five times every day, wherein the feeding is carried out for the first time at 6:00 a.m. and 20% of the total amount of the health-care food, the feeding is carried out for the second time at 9:00 a.m. and 10% of the total amount of the health-care food, the feeding is carried out for the third time at 1:00 a.m. and 10% of the total amount of the health-care food, the feeding is carried out for the fourth time at 6:00 a.m. and 30% of the total amount of the health-care food, the feeding is carried out for the fifth time at 10:00 a.m. and 30% of the total amount of the health-care food, the pump on the water pipe 6 is started after 1.5h of feeding each time, and the pump on the sewage discharge pipe and the pumps on;
the body building material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: i, crushing 100 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of diatom and 10 parts of green algae, adding 5 parts of peanut kernels, adding 100 parts of water, uniformly mixing, adjusting the pH value to 4.0, adding 20 parts of glucoamylase under the condition of 60 ℃ water bath, stirring for enzymolysis for 8 hours, cooling, adding 10 parts of monascus and 10 parts of gluconobacter oxydans, culturing for 24 hours under the condition of 30 ℃, and sterilizing to obtain a second fermentation product;
II, uniformly mixing 100 parts of the first zymolyte, 100 parts of the second zymolyte, 50 parts of the second zymolyte, 5 parts of honey, 0.5 part of carrageenan and 0.5 part of β -cyclodextrin in a water bath at 85 ℃, taking out, adding 1000 parts of juvenile shrimp feed, and uniformly mixing;
step five, replacing the meat-adding materials for feeding, and feeding according to a third feeding method;
wherein the third feeding method specifically comprises the following steps: feeding the health-care food in five times every day, wherein the feeding amount is 2% of the total amount of the meat-enhancing food at 6:00 am for the first time, the feeding amount is 9:00 of the total amount of the meat-enhancing food at 9:00 of the morning for the second time, the feeding amount is 10% of the total amount of the meat-enhancing food at 2% of the shallow water area after feeding for 30min, the feeding amount is 10% of the total amount of the meat-enhancing food at 1:00 of the afternoon for the third time, the feeding amount is 6:00 of the meat-enhancing food at 6:00 of the afternoon for the fourth time, the feeding amount is 30% of the total amount of the meat-enhancing food at 10:00 of the afternoon for the fifth time, the feeding amount is 30% of the total amount of the meat-enhancing food at 2% of the shallow water area, the feeding amount is 2% of the total amount of the meat-enhancing food at the same day, the pump on the water pipe 6 is started after feeding for 1.5h every time, and the pump on the sewage pipe is started after feeding;
the meat enhancing material is prepared by mixing 100 parts of first zymolyte, 100 parts of second zymolyte, 5 parts of multivitamin, 0.5 part of carrageenan and 0.5 part of β -cyclodextrin uniformly in water bath at 85 deg.C, taking out, adding 1000 parts of shrimp material, and mixing uniformly;
the protein contents of the opening feed, the young shrimp feed and the medium shrimp feed are 42%, 40% and 32% respectively;
during the period from 1d after shrimp seedlings are thrown to the period of fishing the grown shrimps to the shore, the water purifying agent is added into the culture pond 1 according to 100g of water surface per mu every 15d, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing a water purifying agent and water according to the mass ratio of 1:100, placing the mixture in a dosing tank, starting a pump on a dosing pipe 8 and a pump on a water pipe 6, wherein the water purifying agent is one or more of photosynthetic bacteria, EM bacteria inhibitor or spirulina powder;
and 5, culturing for 60 days and fishing out of shore.
< example 2>
A method for culturing Penaeus vannamei Boone with a shortened culture period comprises the following steps of:
step one, configuring 1 aerator on each mu of water surface of sterilized culture pond water, wherein the depth of water at the central axis 11 of the culture pond 1 is 1.5m, carrying out rich water treatment on the culture pond water, controlling the pH value of the culture pond water to be 8.5, and controlling the transparency to be 40 cm;
wherein, breed pond 1 and be the rectangular bodily form of class, its bottom slope is 7 with the contained angle of horizontal plane, forms shallow water district 2 and deep water district 3, and shallow water district 2 and deep water district 3 are with the axis 11 of bottom as the border, axis 11 is on a parallel with the edge of the high and low both sides in bottom, breed 1 inside in pond and be equipped with:
the sewage discharge mechanism 4 comprises a sewage collection groove arranged at the bottom of the deep water area 3, a sewage discharge pipe communicated with the sewage collection groove and a filter screen covered on the sewage collection groove, and a pump is arranged on the sewage discharge pipe;
the water circulation mechanism comprises a buffer pool 5 arranged on one side of the shallow water area 2 and a plurality of water pipes 6 arranged on the circumferential direction of the inner side wall of the culture pool 1, wherein the buffer pool 5 is communicated with the culture pool 1 through a water inlet 7, a filter screen is arranged on the water inlet 7, a plurality of water outlet holes are formed in each water pipe 6 at intervals, one end of each water pipe 6 is communicated with a water outlet of the buffer pool 5, the other end of each water pipe is closed, a pump is arranged on each water pipe 6, and the aperture of each filter screen is 2 mm;
the culture pond 1 further comprises a dosing tank which is communicated with the buffer pond 5 through a dosing pipe 8, and a pump is arranged on the dosing pipe 8;
the fertilizer water treatment specifically comprises the following steps: 10 days before the shrimp larvae are thrown, unicellular algae auxin is applied to the culture pond 1 according to 2kg of water surface per mu, aquatic algae sources are applied to the culture pond 1 according to 3kg of water surface per mu every 3 days, culture algae bases are applied to the culture pond 1 according to 1kg of water surface per mu, an aerator and a pump on the water pipe 6 are started at 2:00 pm every day, and the pump is closed after 2 hours.
Step two, putting 1.2 cm-long shrimp seedlings from the shallow water area 2 into the culture pond 1 with the water temperature of 30 ℃, wherein the putting density of the shrimp seedlings is 12 ten thousand per mu;
feeding nutrition enhancing materials 1-5 days after the shrimp seedlings are put in, and feeding according to a first feeding method;
wherein the first feeding method specifically comprises the following steps: feeding for three times, namely feeding 40% of the total amount of the nutrition enhancing materials at 7:00 a.m. for the first time, feeding 20% of the total amount of the nutrition enhancing materials at 2:00 a.m. for the second time, feeding 40% of the total amount of the nutrition enhancing materials at 8:00 a.m. for the third time, starting the pump on the water pipe 6 after feeding for 1.5h each time, starting the pump on the sewage discharge pipe after 2.5h, and closing the pump on the water pipe 6 and the pump on the sewage discharge pipe after 30 min;
the nutrient enrichment material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: a. crushing 100 parts of pigskin and 50 parts of fish and shrimp leftovers, adding 200 parts of water, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 20min under the condition of a water bath at 90 ℃, cooling, adjusting the pH value to 8.5, adding 0.6 part of pancreatin under the condition of the water bath at 37 ℃, stirring for enzymolysis for 6h, and refrigerating at 4 ℃ to obtain a first zymolyte;
b. crushing 50 parts of flower beans, 50 parts of taros and 20 parts of mung beans, adding 200 parts of water, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 30min under the condition of boiling water bath, cooling, adjusting the pH value to 6, adding 0.8 part of phytase, 0.5 part of neutral cellulase and 0.8 part of amylase under the condition of 45 ℃ water bath, stirring for enzymolysis for 7h, and refrigerating at 4 ℃ to obtain a second zymolyte;
c. crushing 100 parts of bean curd residue, 50 parts of carrot, 20 parts of rice and 100 parts of crucian, sterilizing, inoculating bacillus subtilis, culturing at 37 ℃ for 18 hours, and refrigerating at 4 ℃ to obtain a first fermentation product;
d. uniformly mixing 100 parts of the first zymolyte, 100 parts of the second zymolyte and 100 parts of the first zymolyte, adjusting the pH value to 6.0, adding 0.8 part of lipoxidase, placing in a water bath condition at 25 ℃, stirring for 6 hours, and then sterilizing for 50 minutes at 120 ℃ to obtain the nutritional agent;
e. uniformly mixing 100 parts of nutritional agent, 10 parts of water, 0.25 part of carrageenan and 0.25 part of β -cyclodextrin in a water bath at 85 ℃, taking out, adding 1000 parts of opening material, and uniformly mixing;
stopping feeding the nutrition enhancing material 6 days after the shrimp seedlings are put in, changing to body building material for feeding for 35 days, and feeding according to a second feeding method;
wherein the second feeding method specifically comprises the following steps: feeding the health-care food five times every day, wherein the feeding is carried out for 7:00 a.m. for the first time, 30% of the total amount of the health-care food is fed, the feeding is carried out for 10:00 a.m. for the second time, 15% of the total amount of the health-care food is fed, the feeding is carried out for 2:00 a.m. for the third time, 15% of the total amount of the health-care food is fed, the feeding is carried out for 7:00 a.m. for the fourth time, 20% of the total amount of the health-care food is fed, the feeding is carried out for 1.5h every time at 12:00 a.m. for the fifth time, the pump on the water pipe 6 is started after 2.5h, and the pump on the sewage pipe 6 and the pump on the sewage pipe are;
the body building material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: i, crushing 100 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of diatom and 10 parts of green algae, adding 5 parts of peanut kernel, adding 100 parts of water, uniformly mixing, adjusting the pH value to 4.5, adding 20 parts of glucoamylase under the condition of 65 ℃ water bath, stirring for enzymolysis for 8 hours, cooling, adding 10 parts of monascus and 10 parts of gluconobacter oxydans, culturing for 24 hours under the condition of 30 ℃, and sterilizing to obtain a second fermentation product;
II, uniformly mixing 100 parts of the first zymolyte, 100 parts of the second zymolyte, 50 parts of the second zymolyte, 5 parts of honey, 0.5 part of carrageenan and 0.5 part of β -cyclodextrin in a water bath at 85 ℃, taking out, adding 1000 parts of juvenile shrimp feed, and uniformly mixing;
step five, replacing the meat-adding materials for feeding, and feeding according to a third feeding method;
wherein the third feeding method specifically comprises the following steps: feeding the health-care food in five times every day, wherein the feeding amount is 5% of the total amount of the meat-enhancing food at 7:00 am for the first time, the feeding amount is 10:00 at noon for the second time, the feeding amount is 15% of the total amount of the meat-enhancing food at 2:00 at pm for the third time, the feeding amount is 7:00 at pm for the fourth time, the feeding amount is 20% of the total amount of the meat-enhancing food at 12:00 at pm for the fifth time, the feeding amount is 20% of the total amount of the meat-enhancing food at 2:00 at pm for the third time, the health-care food is fed at 2 min at 5% of the total amount of the meat-enhancing food at the same time, the pump on the water pipe 6 is started after 1.5h of each feeding, the pump on the sewage pipe is started after 2.5h, and the pump on the sewage pipe 6 and the pump on the sewage pipe are closed after 30 min;
the meat enhancing material is prepared by mixing 100 parts of first zymolyte, 100 parts of second zymolyte, 5 parts of multivitamin, 0.5 part of carrageenan and 0.5 part of β -cyclodextrin uniformly in water bath at 85 deg.C, taking out, adding 1000 parts of shrimp material, and mixing uniformly;
the protein contents of the opening feed, the young shrimp feed and the medium shrimp feed are 42%, 40% and 32% respectively;
during the period from 1d after shrimp seedlings are thrown to the period of fishing the grown shrimps to the shore, the water purifying agent is added into the culture pond 1 according to 100g of water surface per mu every 15d, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing a water purifying agent and water according to the mass ratio of 1:100, placing the mixture in a dosing tank, starting a pump on a dosing pipe 8 and a pump on a water pipe 6, wherein the water purifying agent is one or more of photosynthetic bacteria, EM bacteria inhibitor or spirulina powder;
and 5, fishing ashore for 62 days.
< example 3>
A method for culturing Penaeus vannamei Boone with a shortened culture period comprises the following steps of:
step one, configuring 1 aerator on each mu of water surface of sterilized culture pond water, wherein the depth of water at the central axis 11 of the culture pond 1 is 1.2m, carrying out rich water treatment on the culture pond water, controlling the pH value of the culture pond water to be 8.0 and controlling the transparency to be 35 cm;
wherein, breed pond 1 and be the rectangular bodily form of class, its bottom slope is 7 with the contained angle of horizontal plane, forms shallow water district 2 and deep water district 3, and shallow water district 2 and deep water district 3 are with the axis 11 of bottom as the border, axis 11 is on a parallel with the edge of the high and low both sides in bottom, breed 1 inside in pond and be equipped with:
the sewage discharge mechanism 4 comprises a sewage collection groove arranged at the bottom of the deep water area 3, a sewage discharge pipe communicated with the sewage collection groove and a filter screen covered on the sewage collection groove, and a pump is arranged on the sewage discharge pipe;
the water circulation mechanism comprises a buffer pool 5 arranged on one side of the shallow water area 2 and a plurality of water pipes 6 arranged on the circumferential direction of the inner side wall of the culture pool 1, the buffer pool 5 is communicated with the culture pool 1 through a water inlet 7, a filter screen is arranged on the water inlet 7, a plurality of water outlet holes are formed in each water pipe 6 at intervals, one end of each water pipe 6 is communicated with a water outlet of the buffer pool 5, the other end of each water pipe is closed, a pump is arranged on each water pipe 6, and the aperture of each filter screen is 1.5 mm;
the culture pond 1 further comprises a dosing tank which is communicated with the buffer pond 5 through a dosing pipe 8, and a pump is arranged on the dosing pipe 8;
the fertilizer water treatment specifically comprises the following steps: and 8 days before the shrimp larvae are thrown, firstly, 2kg of unicellular algae auxin is applied to the culture pond 1 per mu of water surface, 3kg of aquatic algae sources are applied to the culture pond 1 per mu of water surface every 2 days, 1kg of culture medium is applied to the culture pond 1 per mu of water surface, an aerator and a pump on the water pipe 6 are started at 1:00 pm every day, and the pump is closed after 1.5 hours.
Step two, putting 1 cm-long shrimp seedlings from the shallow water area 2 into the culture pond 1 with the water temperature of 28 ℃, wherein the putting density of the shrimp seedlings is 10 ten thousand per mu;
feeding nutrition enhancing materials 1-5 days after the shrimp seedlings are put in, and feeding according to a first feeding method;
wherein the first feeding method specifically comprises the following steps: feeding for three times, wherein the first time is 6:30 in the morning, 35% of the total amount of the nutrition enhancing materials are fed, the second time is 1:30 in the afternoon, 15% of the total amount of the nutrition enhancing materials are fed, the third time is 7:30 in the afternoon, 50% of the total amount of the nutrition enhancing materials are fed, after 80min of feeding each time, the pump on the water pipe 6 is started, after 2h, the pump on the sewage discharge pipe is started, and after 20min, the pump on the water pipe 6 and the pump on the sewage discharge pipe are closed;
the nutrient enrichment material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: a. crushing 100 parts of pigskin and 50 parts of fish and shrimp leftovers, adding 200 parts of water, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 18min under the condition of a water bath at 90 ℃, cooling, adjusting the pH value to 8.5, adding 0.6 part of pancreatin under the condition of the water bath at 37 ℃, stirring for enzymolysis for 6h, and refrigerating at 4 ℃ to obtain a first zymolyte;
b. crushing 50 parts of flower beans, 50 parts of taros and 20 parts of mung beans, adding 200 parts of water, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 25min under the condition of boiling water bath, cooling, adjusting the pH value to 6, adding 0.8 part of phytase, 0.5 part of neutral cellulase and 0.8 part of amylase under the condition of 45 ℃ water bath, stirring for enzymolysis for 7h, and refrigerating at 4 ℃ to obtain a second zymolyte;
c. crushing 100 parts of bean curd residue, 50 parts of carrot, 20 parts of rice and 100 parts of crucian, sterilizing, inoculating bacillus subtilis, culturing at 37 ℃ for 18 hours, and refrigerating at 4 ℃ to obtain a first fermentation product;
d. uniformly mixing 100 parts of the first zymolyte, 100 parts of the second zymolyte and 100 parts of the first zymolyte, adjusting the pH value to 5.8, adding 0.8 part of lipoxidase, placing in a water bath condition at 25 ℃, stirring for 6 hours, and then sterilizing for 50 minutes at 120 ℃ to obtain the nutritional agent;
e. uniformly mixing 100 parts of nutritional agent, 10 parts of water, 0.25 part of carrageenan and 0.25 part of β -cyclodextrin in a water bath at 85 ℃, taking out, adding 1000 parts of opening material, and uniformly mixing;
stopping feeding the nutrition enhancing material 6 days after the shrimp seedlings are put in, changing to body building material for feeding for 30 days, and feeding according to a second feeding method;
wherein the second feeding method specifically comprises the following steps: feeding the health-care food five times every day, wherein the feeding time is 6:30 in the morning, the feeding time is 25% of the total amount of the health-care food, the feeding time is 9:30 in the morning, the feeding time is 12% of the total amount of the health-care food, the feeding time is 1:30 in the afternoon, the feeding time is 13% of the total amount of the health-care food, the feeding time is 6:30 in the afternoon, the feeding time is 25% of the total amount of the health-care food, the feeding time is 11:00 in the afternoon, the feeding time is 25% of the total amount of the health-care food, the pump on the water pipe 6 is started after each feeding for 80min, the pump on the sewage discharge pipe is started after 2h, and the pump on the water pipe 6 and the;
the body building material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: i, crushing 100 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of diatom and 10 parts of green algae, adding 5 parts of peanut kernels, adding 100 parts of water, uniformly mixing, adjusting the pH value to 4.2, adding 20 parts of glucoamylase under the condition of a water bath at 62 ℃, stirring for enzymolysis for 8 hours, cooling, adding 10 parts of monascus and 10 parts of gluconobacter oxydans, culturing for 24 hours under the condition of 30 ℃, and sterilizing to obtain a second fermentation product;
II, uniformly mixing 100 parts of the first zymolyte, 100 parts of the second zymolyte, 50 parts of the second zymolyte, 5 parts of honey, 0.5 part of carrageenan and 0.5 part of β -cyclodextrin in a water bath at 85 ℃, taking out, adding 1000 parts of juvenile shrimp feed, and uniformly mixing;
step five, replacing the meat-adding materials for feeding, and feeding according to a third feeding method;
wherein the third feeding method specifically comprises the following steps: feeding the meat-enhancing materials for 35min in five times every day, wherein the first feeding time is 6:30 in the morning, the total amount of the meat-enhancing materials is 25% in the morning, the second feeding time is 9:30 in the morning, the total amount of the meat-enhancing materials is 12% in the shallow water area 2, the third feeding time is 1:30 in the afternoon, the fourth feeding time is 13% in the afternoon, the total amount of the meat-enhancing materials is 25% in the afternoon, the fifth feeding time is 11:00 in the afternoon, the total amount of the meat-enhancing materials is 25% in the afternoon, the health-enhancing materials are fed in the shallow water area 2 after 35min, the feeding amount is 3% in the daily feeding amount of the meat-enhancing materials, the pump on the water pipe 6 is started after 80min for each time, the pump on the sewage pipe is started after 2h, and the pumps on the water pipe 6 and the sewage pipe are closed after 20 min;
the meat enhancing material is prepared by mixing 100 parts of first zymolyte, 100 parts of second zymolyte, 5 parts of multivitamin, 0.5 part of carrageenan and 0.5 part of β -cyclodextrin uniformly in water bath at 85 deg.C, taking out, adding 1000 parts of shrimp material, and mixing uniformly;
the protein contents of the opening feed, the young shrimp feed and the medium shrimp feed are 42%, 40% and 32% respectively;
during the period from 1d after shrimp seedlings are thrown to the period of fishing the grown shrimps to the shore, the water purifying agent is added into the culture pond 1 according to 100g of water surface per mu every 15d, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing a water purifying agent and water according to the mass ratio of 1:100, placing the mixture in a dosing tank, starting a pump on a dosing pipe 8 and a pump on a water pipe 6, wherein the water purifying agent is one or more of photosynthetic bacteria, EM bacteria inhibitor or spirulina powder;
and 5, fishing to the shore after culturing for 63 days.
< comparative example 1>
The breeding method is the same as that in the embodiment 3, except that the bottom of the breeding pond in the comparative example 1 is not inclined, other equipment and facilities are the same, and a pump on the water pipe 6 and a pump on the sewage discharge pipe are not started after feeding every time, and the breeding pond is fished ashore for 63 days.
< comparative example 2>
The culture method is the same as that of the embodiment 3, wherein the steps three to five are different, except that in the steps three to five, only the common starter feed, the young shrimp feed and the medium shrimp feed are fed, and the nutrition enhancing feed, the body building feed and the meat increasing feed are not fed, so that the shrimp is cultured for 63 days and fished ashore.
< comparative example 3>
The cultivation method is the same as example 3, wherein, the difference is that the cultivation is carried out for 90 days for fishing ashore.
< detection of culture results >
The growth conditions of the penaeus vannamei boone in each culture pond are counted, and the results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 growth parameter table for Penaeus vannamei Boone
Figure BDA0001306376240000131
Figure BDA0001306376240000141
As can be seen from table 1, when the cultivation period of the penaeus vannamei bred in examples 1 to 3 is 60 to 63d, 55 to 57 penaeus vannamei bred in comparative examples 1 to 3 can reach the weight of 1kg, and when the cultivation period of the methods in comparative examples 1 and 2 is 63d, 84 penaeus vannamei bred in comparative examples 1 to 2 can reach the weight of 1kg, which indicates that the cultivation period of the penaeus vannamei bred in the embodiments can be remarkably shortened by feeding nutrition enhancing materials, body building materials and meat enhancing materials and starting the pump on the water pipe 6 and the pump on the drain pipe after feeding each time, and the survival rate, the acre yield and the bait coefficient are effectively improved and reduced at the same time;
compared with the comparative example 1 and the comparative example 2, the nutrition enhancing material, the body building material and the meat enhancing material have obvious improvement effect on the individual daily gain of the penaeus vannamei, the bottom of the culture pond 1 is obliquely arranged, and the pump on the water pipe 6 and the pump on the sewage discharge pipe are started to treat after feeding each time, so that the survival rate of the penaeus vannamei can be obviously improved;
according to the comparative example 3, the average daily gain of the penaeus vannamei boone is reduced, the survival rate is also reduced, the bait coefficient is increased, all factors are considered comprehensively, and the economic benefit of farmers is the greatest when the culture period is 60-63 days.
While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable to various fields of endeavor for which the invention may be embodied with additional modifications as would be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the invention is therefore not limited to the details given herein and to the embodiments shown and described without departing from the generic concept as defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (6)

1. A method for culturing Penaeus vannamei Boone with a shortened culturing period is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, 1 aerator is arranged on each mu of water surface of sterilized culture pond water, the depth of the culture pond water is 1-1.5 m, the culture pond water is subjected to rich water treatment, the pH value of the culture pond water is controlled to be 7.8-8.5, and the transparency is 30-40 cm;
wherein, breed the pond and be the rectangular bodily form of class, its bottom slope is 7 with the contained angle of horizontal plane, forms shallow water district and deep water district, it is equipped with to breed pond inside:
the sewage draining mechanism comprises a sewage collecting groove arranged at the bottom of the deep water area, a sewage draining pipe communicated with the sewage collecting groove and a filter screen covered on the sewage collecting groove, and a pump is arranged on the sewage draining pipe;
the water circulation mechanism comprises a buffer pool arranged on one side of the shallow water area and a plurality of water pipes arranged on the circumferential direction of the inner side wall of the culture pool, the buffer pool is communicated with the culture pool through a water inlet, a filter screen is arranged on the water inlet, a plurality of water outlet holes are formed in each water pipe at intervals, one end of each water pipe is communicated with the water outlet of the buffer pool, the other end of each water pipe is closed, and a pump is arranged on each water pipe;
step two, feeding shrimp seeds with the length of 0.8-1.2 cm from a shallow water area to a culture pond with the water temperature of 25-30 ℃, wherein the feeding density of the shrimp seeds is 8-12 ten thousand tails per mu;
feeding nutrition enhancing materials 1-5 days after the shrimp seedlings are put in, and feeding according to a first feeding method;
wherein the first feeding method specifically comprises the following steps: feeding for three times, wherein the first time is 6: 00-7: 00 in the morning, the feeding is 30-40% of the total amount of the nutrition enhancing materials, the second time is 1: 00-2: 00 in the afternoon, the feeding is 15-25% of the total amount of the nutrition enhancing materials, the third time is 7: 00-8: 00 in the afternoon, the feeding is 40-50% of the total amount of the nutrition enhancing materials, after feeding for 1-1.5 h each time, the pump on the water pipe is started, after 1.5-2.5 h, the pump on the sewage discharge pipe is started, and after 15-30 min, the pump on the water pipe and the pump on the sewage discharge pipe are closed;
the nutrient enrichment material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: a. crushing 100 parts of pigskin and 50 parts of fish and shrimp leftovers, adding 200 parts of water, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 15-20 min under the condition of a water bath at 90 ℃, cooling, adjusting the pH value to 8.5, adding 0.6 part of pancreatin under the condition of the water bath at 37 ℃, stirring for enzymolysis for 6h, and refrigerating at 4 ℃ to obtain a first zymolyte;
b. crushing 50 parts of flower beans, 50 parts of taros and 20 parts of mung beans, adding 200 parts of water, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 20-30 min under the condition of boiling water bath, cooling, adjusting the pH value to 6, adding 0.8 part of phytase, 0.5 part of neutral cellulase and 0.8 part of amylase under the condition of 45 ℃ water bath, stirring for enzymolysis for 7h, and refrigerating at 4 ℃ to obtain a second zymolyte;
c. crushing 100 parts of bean curd residue, 50 parts of carrot, 20 parts of rice and 100 parts of crucian, sterilizing, inoculating bacillus subtilis, culturing at 37 ℃ for 18 hours, and refrigerating at 4 ℃ to obtain a first fermentation product;
d. uniformly mixing 100 parts of first zymolyte, 100 parts of second zymolyte and 100 parts of first ferment, adjusting the pH value to 5.5-6.0, adding 0.8 part of lipoxidase, placing in a water bath at 25 ℃, stirring for 6 hours, and then sterilizing for 50 minutes at 120 ℃ to obtain a nutritional agent;
e. uniformly mixing 100 parts of nutritional agent, 10 parts of water, 0.25 part of carrageenan and 0.25 part of β -cyclodextrin in a water bath at 85 ℃, taking out, adding 1000 parts of opening material, and uniformly mixing;
stopping feeding the nutrition enhancing material at 6 days after the shrimp seedlings are put in, changing to a body building material for feeding for 20-35 days, and feeding according to a second feeding method;
wherein the second feeding method specifically comprises the following steps: feeding the health-care food five times every day, wherein the feeding is carried out for the first time at 6: 00-7: 00 in the morning, 20% -30% of the total amount of the health-care food is fed, the feeding is carried out for the second time at 9: 00-10: 00 in the morning, 10% -15% of the total amount of the health-care food is fed, the feeding is carried out for the third time at 1: 00-2: 00 in the afternoon, 10% -15% of the total amount of the health-care food is fed, the feeding is carried out for the fourth time at 6: 00-7: 00 in the afternoon, 20% -30% of the total amount of the health-care food is fed, the pump on the water pipe is started after 1-1.5 hours of feeding each time, the pump on the sewage discharge pipe is started after 1.5-2.5 hours, and the pumps on the water pipe and the sewage discharge pipe are closed after 15-30 minutes;
the body building material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: crushing 100 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of diatom and 10 parts of green algae, adding 5 parts of peanut kernels, adding 100 parts of water, uniformly mixing, adjusting the pH value to 4.0-4.5, adding 20 parts of saccharifying enzyme under the water bath condition of 60-65 ℃, stirring for enzymolysis for 8 hours, cooling, adding 10 parts of monascus and 10 parts of gluconobacter oxydans, culturing for 24 hours under the condition of 30 ℃, and sterilizing to obtain a second fermented product;
II, uniformly mixing 100 parts of the first zymolyte, 100 parts of the second zymolyte, 50 parts of the second zymolyte, 5 parts of honey, 0.5 part of carrageenan and 0.5 part of β -cyclodextrin in a water bath at 85 ℃, taking out, adding 1000 parts of juvenile shrimp feed, and uniformly mixing;
step five, replacing the meat-adding materials for feeding, and feeding according to a third feeding method;
wherein the third feeding method specifically comprises the following steps: feeding for five times every day, wherein the first time is 6: 00-7: 00 in the morning, the feeding amount is 20-30% of the total amount of the meat-enhancing materials, after feeding for 30-40 min, the body-building materials are fed in a shallow water area, the feeding amount is 2-5% of the total amount of the meat-enhancing materials in the day, the second time is 9: 00-10: 00 in the morning, the feeding amount is 10-15% of the total amount of the meat-enhancing materials, the third time is 1: 00-2: 00 in the afternoon, the feeding amount is 10-15% of the total amount of the meat-enhancing materials, the fourth time is 6: 00-7: 00 in the afternoon, the fourth time is 20-30% of the total amount of the meat-enhancing materials, the fifth time is 10: 00-12: 00 in the afternoon, the feeding amount is 20-30% of the total amount of the meat-enhancing materials, after feeding for 30-40 min, the body-building materials are fed in a shallow water area, the feeding amount is 2-5% of the total amount of the meat-enhancing materials in the day, after feeding for 1-1.5 h, and, starting a pump on the sewage discharge pipe, and closing the pump on the water pipe and the pump on the sewage discharge pipe after 15-30 min;
the meat enhancing material is prepared by uniformly mixing 100 parts of first zymolyte, 100 parts of second zymolyte, 5 parts of multivitamin, 0.5 part of carrageenan and 0.5 part of β -cyclodextrin in a water bath at 85 ℃, taking out, adding 1000 parts of shrimp feed, and uniformly mixing.
2. The method for culturing Penaeus vannamei Boone with shortened culture period according to claim 1, wherein the aperture of the filter screen on the dirt collection tank and the aperture of the filter screen on the water inlet are both 1-2 mm.
3. The method for culturing Penaeus vannamei Boone with shortened culturing period according to claim 1, wherein the protein contents of the starter feed, the young shrimp feed and the medium shrimp feed are 42%, 40% and 32%, respectively.
4. The method for culturing Penaeus vannamei Boone with shortened culture period according to claim 1, wherein the culture pond further comprises a dosing tank which is communicated with the buffer pond through a dosing pipe, and the dosing pipe is provided with a pump.
5. The method for culturing Penaeus vannamei Boone with shortened culture period according to claim 4, further comprising adding a water purifying agent, specifically: uniformly mixing a water purifying agent and water according to the mass ratio of 1:100, and then placing the mixture in a dosing tank;
wherein the water purifying agent is one or more of photosynthetic bacteria, EM bacteria or spirulina powder.
6. The method for culturing Penaeus vannamei Boone with shortened culture period according to claim 5, wherein the fertilizer water treatment comprises: discharging unicellular algae auxin into the culture pond 7-10 days before the shrimp larvae are thrown, discharging aquatic algae sources into the culture pond according to 2kg of water surface per mu every 2-3 days, discharging culture algae bases into the culture pond according to 3kg of water surface per mu every 2-3 days, starting an aerator and a pump on a water pipe every 12: 00-2: 00 afternoon every day, and closing after 1-2 hours.
CN201710385999.XA 2017-05-26 2017-05-26 Penaeus vannamei boone cultivation method capable of shortening cultivation period Active CN107223617B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710385999.XA CN107223617B (en) 2017-05-26 2017-05-26 Penaeus vannamei boone cultivation method capable of shortening cultivation period

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710385999.XA CN107223617B (en) 2017-05-26 2017-05-26 Penaeus vannamei boone cultivation method capable of shortening cultivation period

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN107223617A CN107223617A (en) 2017-10-03
CN107223617B true CN107223617B (en) 2020-05-15

Family

ID=59934620

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201710385999.XA Active CN107223617B (en) 2017-05-26 2017-05-26 Penaeus vannamei boone cultivation method capable of shortening cultivation period

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN107223617B (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108925479A (en) * 2018-09-11 2018-12-04 安徽涂远农业有限公司 A kind of cultural method reducing freshwater lobster case fatality rate
CN109496927A (en) * 2019-02-12 2019-03-22 山东东方海洋科技股份有限公司 A kind of efficient comprehensive breeding method of pearl rough gentian grouper

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5450818A (en) * 1993-09-29 1995-09-19 Float Culture Systems, Inc. Floating fish cultivating system and related method
CN203775939U (en) * 2014-04-27 2014-08-20 常德家华水产科技有限公司 Penaeus vannamei culture greenhouse capable of treating sewage
CN104756903A (en) * 2015-02-09 2015-07-08 莆田市汇丰食品工业有限公司 Intensified high-efficient cultivating method of prawns
CN105941215A (en) * 2016-05-11 2016-09-21 连云港市海洋与水产科学研究所 Indoor factory farming Litopenaeus Vannamei water circulation pollution discharge method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN107223617A (en) 2017-10-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN110122386A (en) A method of being suitble to high salinity mariculture prawn
CN105165669B (en) A kind of high-efficient ecological cultivation method of freshwater shrimp
CN103828748B (en) Pond greenhouse Penaeus Vannmei, the method for three batches of alternate cultures of Macrobrachium rosenbergii
CN102986563A (en) Method for ecologically poly-culturing fishes with different feeding habits in net cages of shrimp culture pond
CN110537505B (en) Method for breeding released fingerlings of Lasa schizothorax prenanti
CN104621024B (en) Anti-season penaeus vanmamei factory culture method
CN104996330B (en) A kind of Penaeus Vannmei segmented cultural method based on shrimp age
AU2020103666A4 (en) A preparation method of processing Penaeus vannamei, Carassius auratus and Hypophthalmichthys molitrix
CN103385195A (en) Fresh water lobster breeding method
CN105393951A (en) Carp breeding method
CN102440209A (en) Method for incubating oriental weatherfish
CN106417122B (en) A kind of breeding method improving high-quality freshwater shrimp seed yield
CN106508749A (en) Breeding method for prolonging service life of rainbow trout
CN107691294A (en) A kind of mixed cultivation method of high-quality fish shrimp crab
CN106665427B (en) Pond greenhouse overwintering polyculture method for takifugu obscurus parents and scatophagus argus
CN107223617B (en) Penaeus vannamei boone cultivation method capable of shortening cultivation period
CN105340801A (en) Pond polyculture method for clams, fishes, shrimps and crabs
CN104488766A (en) Culturing technology for middle-aged macrobrachium rosenbergii
CN103815195A (en) Preparation of fermented material in bait bio-bed for main culturing of procambarus clarkii and auxiliary culturing of river crab and application method thereof
CN106912429B (en) Breeding method of crayfishes
CN107318724A (en) The high culture of Penaeus vannamei method of survival rate
CN107969357A (en) A kind of high-efficient method for cultivating of fish fry
CN111990297A (en) Intercropping method for channel catfish and litopenaeus vannamei
CN109006605B (en) Freshwater ecological breeding method for penaeus vannamei boone
CN105815610A (en) Culture medium for aquaculture and preparation method of culture medium

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
TA01 Transfer of patent application right
TA01 Transfer of patent application right

Effective date of registration: 20200319

Address after: 315012 Zhejiang Province, Ningbo city Haishu District Liyuan Road No. 755 room 1025

Applicant after: Zhou Qingfen

Address before: The 536000 the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Beihai port city of Tieshan Ying Zhen Bai Dong Cun Wei Hui Zhou Village No. 35

Applicant before: Zhou Daiwei

TA01 Transfer of patent application right
TA01 Transfer of patent application right

Effective date of registration: 20200415

Address after: No.38, Station Road, Shucun, Shaba Town, Yangxi County, Yangjiang City, Guangdong Province

Applicant after: Yangxi Liangshi aquaculture Co., Ltd

Address before: 315012 Zhejiang Province, Ningbo city Haishu District Liyuan Road No. 755 room 1025

Applicant before: Zhou Qingfen

GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant