CN107221718A - The equalizing circuit structure and control method of a kind of restructural - Google Patents
The equalizing circuit structure and control method of a kind of restructural Download PDFInfo
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- CN107221718A CN107221718A CN201710349643.0A CN201710349643A CN107221718A CN 107221718 A CN107221718 A CN 107221718A CN 201710349643 A CN201710349643 A CN 201710349643A CN 107221718 A CN107221718 A CN 107221718A
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- battery
- battery cell
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- fetm
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The equalizing circuit structure of restructural disclosed by the invention, belongs to battery balanced and reconfiguration technique field.Circuit structure is by battery pack and battery pack fusible link FsIt is in series；Wherein, battery pack includes the battery module BM of n series connectioni；Battery module BMiIncluding battery cell Bi, fusible link Fi, N-channel MOS FET MiWith drive circuit Di；Battery cell BiWith fusible link FiSeries connection, battery cell BiWith fusible link FiTwo ends respectively with N-channel MOS FET MiDrain electrode be connected with source electrode, N-channel MOS FET MiGrid and drive circuit DiIt is connected, forms loop.The present invention realizes the passive equilibrium of no bleeder resistance according to the restructural equalizing circuit topological structure proposed, and the fail battery module in battery pack is bypassed, and realizes reconstruct.While the equalization function of series battery is ensured well and with good recombination function, the effective use for reducing switch makes whole control system and its drive system to be simplified accordingly, so as to effectively reduce the cost of the circuit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to battery balanced and reconfiguration technique field, a kind of restructural for series battery especially set out
Equalizing circuit structure and control method.
Background technology
Due to pollution and energy crisis, the research application to new energy is worldwide increased considerably, such as electric car,
Photovoltaic generation, wind-power electricity generation etc..The part of most critical is exactly battery energy storage system in these applications, in order to meet power and energy
Demand, battery energy storage system needs up to a hundred or even thousands of battery cells in series or is connected in parallel, using so many battery unit,
Especially for series connection, the unbalanced problem of battery can not be ignored.
Battery balanced is exactly the state of each battery cell in battery pack is reached unanimity by some way.It is battery balanced right
It is most important in battery energy storage system, battery cell due to the difference of the factors such as its internal resistance, capacity, state-of-charge, external environment,
Unbalanced state can be in actual use.The battery of some in battery pack has less capacity, and these batteries are in electric discharge
When by earlier reach that discharge voltage is limited, and system will cause good in battery pack for the whole battery power discharge of safety stop
Good battery can not discharge completely, and charging process is also identical.Therefore, it is " wooden pail effect " that the total capacity of battery pack, which will reduce,.
The unbalanced actual use capacity that can cause battery pack is less than rated value between battery, and percentage of batteries is also possible that overcharge or mistake
The situation of electric discharge, influences the use characteristic of battery, reduces service life.
When the capacity of the battery unit in battery pack is almost identical and only has different state-of-charges, equilibrium is enough
's.However, sometimes, some battery cells in battery pack may quickly fail than other battery cells, these battery cells
With less capacity, in this case, equilibrium can only work when monomer capacity volume variance is smaller, when monomer capacity volume variance compared with
When big, some battery cells will fail.In this case, balancing technique not can overcome the disadvantages that this imbalance, change battery cell
It is probably best solution.However, these battery cells are generally stored inside in battery pack, change they be it is extremely difficult,
Time-consuming and expensive.Reconfiguration technique is considered as another solution of above mentioned problem, it can improve battery performance and
Extend the life-span of battery pack.Reconstruct battery pack improves connection or the flexibility for removing battery in battery pack monomer and multiple electricity
Pond monomer can be configured with series, parallel or with the hybrid mode of series and parallel.
However, reconfiguration technique needs a large amount of switches and switch driving circuit, cause reliability and expensive problem can not
Avoid.In addition, realizing that balanced and recombination function is extremely difficult simultaneously in a simple system.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome the defect that above-mentioned prior art is present, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of equilibrium electricity of restructural
Line structure and control method, circuit structure are simple, and control complexity is low, have the balanced effect with reconstruct concurrently.
The present invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions：
The invention discloses a kind of equalizing circuit structure of restructural, by battery pack and battery pack fusible link FsSeries connection structure
Into；Wherein, battery pack includes the battery module BM of n series connectioni；
The battery module BMiIncluding battery cell Bi, fusible link Fi, N-channel MOS FETMiWith drive circuit Di；Battery list
Body BiWith fusible link FiSeries connection, battery cell BiWith fusible link FiTwo ends respectively with N-channel MOS FETMiDrain electrode and source electrode phase
Even, N-channel MOS FETMiGrid and drive circuit DiIt is connected, forms loop.
Preferably, the drive circuit DiBe made up of resistance capacitance filter and the PWM photoelectrical coupler driven, PWM with
The input of photoelectrical coupler is connected, and N-channel is accessed in one end of photoelectric coupler output end after being connected with resistance capacitance filter
MOSFETMiGrid, the other end access N-channel MOS FETM of photoelectric coupler output endiSource electrode.
Preferably, fusible link FiRated current be more than battery pack fusible link FsRated current.
Balanced and reconstruct method is carried out the invention also discloses the equalizing circuit structure based on above-mentioned restructural, including
Following steps：
1) system initialization, makes N-channel MOS FETMiIt is OFF state in not on-state, all battery module BMiPlace
In normal mode, all battery cell BiComposition battery pack is connected in series, balanced and reconstruct is not required to；
If 2) there is battery cell BiEquilibrium is needed, makes N-channel MOS FETMiAmplification region is operated in, now N-channel MOS FETMi
In PWM state, the series connection of a switch and a resistance, corresponding fusible link F are equivalent toiIt is equivalent to a conductor, battery
Monomer BiThe energy stored by resistance consumption, realizes single battery monomer BiEquilibrium；
If there is no battery cell BiEquilibrium is needed, then determines whether battery cell BiNeed reconstruct,
If 3) there is battery cell BiReconstruct is needed, makes N-channel MOS FETMiI.e. ON states in the conduction state, are equivalent to one
Individual switch, battery cell BiBypassed by battery pack, realize battery cell BiReconstruct；If there is no battery cell BiReconstruct is needed, then is returned
To step 2)；
4) step 2 is repeated) and 3), until completing to all battery cell B in battery packiEquilibrium and reconstruct, carry
The performance of high battery pack.
Step 1), 2), 3) in, N-channel MOS FETMiResiding working condition, is by adjusting drive circuit DiPWM is accounted for
Sky controls to be applied to N-channel MOS FETM than the filter action of size and resistance capacitance filteriDirect current signal realize.
As a battery cell BiWhen needing equilibrium, make N-channel MOS FETMiIt is operated in amplification region, now, N-channel
MOSFETMiIn PWM state, the series connection of a switch and a resistance, corresponding fusible link F are equivalent toiOne is equivalent to lead
Body, battery cell BiThe energy of storage by resistance consumption, can realize the equilibrium of single battery monomer.
As more than one battery cell BiIt is each to need battery cell B in a balanced way when needing equilibriumiCorresponding MOSFETMi
Amplification region is operated in, in PWM state, the series connection of a switch and a resistance, multiple battery cell B are equivalent to respectivelyi
By resistance consumption energy, it does not interfere with each other, realizes the equilibrium of multiple battery cells.
As a battery cell BiWhen needing reconstruct, make N-channel MOS FETMiI.e. ON states in the conduction state, are equivalent to
One switch, now, battery module BMiShort circuit, short circuit current flow destroys battery module BMiFusible link Fi, battery cell Bi
Bypassed by battery pack, realize the reconstruct of single battery monomer.
As more than one battery cell BiWhen needing reconstruct, each battery cell B for needing to reconstructiCorresponding MOSFETMi
Conducting state i.e. ON states are in, switch is equivalent to, corresponding fusible link can be all destroyed, corresponding battery cell all can be by
Battery pack is bypassed, and realizes that battery pack is reconstructed.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial technique effect：
The equalizing circuit structure of restructural disclosed by the invention, by battery pack and battery pack fusible link FsIt is in series；Its
In, battery pack includes the battery module BM of n series connectioni；Battery module BMiIncluding battery cell Bi, fusible link Fi, N-channel
MOSFETMiWith drive circuit Di；Battery cell BiWith fusible link FiSeries connection, battery cell BiWith fusible link FiTwo ends respectively with N
Channel mosfet MiDrain electrode be connected with source electrode, N-channel MOS FETMiGrid and drive circuit DiIt is connected, forms loop.This hair
Bright restructural equalizing circuit topological structure is effectively reduced MOSFET use compared to other equalizing circuit topological structures,
Although adding the use of fusible link, the price of fusible link is cheaply many compared to MOSFET, reduces cost.Except this it
Outside, fusible link is passive element, it is not necessary to drive circuit and control signal, and circuit control complexity is low.Therefore, what is proposed can
Reconstruct equalizing circuit topological structure simplifies whole control system and drive system, significantly reduces circuit cost.
Based on the restructural equalizing circuit topological structure proposed, control method proposed by the invention passes through to driving electricity
The control of road PWM duty cycle realizes passive equilibrium of the battery pack without bleeder resistance, and the fail battery in shunt battery group
Module, realizes reconstruct.While the equalization function of series battery is ensured well, also make system that there is reconstruct work(well
Energy.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the topology diagram of the equalizing circuit of restructural of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is battery module BiBuilt-up circuit figure；
Fig. 3 is control method particular flow sheet of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the topology diagram of battery pack under normal mode；
Fig. 5 is single battery module BiBalancing procedure figure；
Fig. 6 is multiple battery module balancing procedure figures；
Fig. 7 is single battery Restructuring Module procedure chart；
Fig. 8 is multiple battery module restructuring procedure figures.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, it is described be explanation of the invention and
It is not to limit.
Referring to Fig. 1, the restructural equalizing circuit structure for series battery of the invention is melted by battery pack with battery pack
Fracture of wire FsIt is in series；Wherein, battery pack includes the battery module BM of n series connectioni；
The battery module BMiIncluding battery cell Bi, fusible link Fi, N-channel MOS FETMiWith drive circuit Di；Battery list
Body BiWith fusible link FiSeries connection, battery cell BiWith fusible link FiTwo ends respectively with N-channel MOS FETMiDrain electrode and source electrode phase
Even, N-channel MOS FETMiGrid and drive circuit DiIt is connected, forms loop.
Referring to Fig. 2, the drive circuit DiBe made up of resistance capacitance filter and the PWM photoelectrical coupler driven, PWM with
The input of photoelectrical coupler is connected, and N-channel is accessed in one end of photoelectric coupler output end after being connected with resistance capacitance filter
MOSFETMiGrid, the other end access N-channel MOS FETM of photoelectric coupler output endiSource electrode.
Preferably, fusible link FiRated current be more than battery pack fusible link FsRated current.
Referring to Fig. 3, balanced and battery pack reconstructing method, comprises the following steps between battery cell of the invention：
1) system initialization, by adjusting N-channel MOS FETMiDrive circuit PWM duty cycle size and resistance capacitance filtering
The filter action of device, control is applied to N-channel MOS FETMiDirect current signal, make N-channel MOS FETMiIt is in not on-state
OFF state, referring to Fig. 4, now, all battery module BMiIn normal mode, all battery cell BiIt is connected in series composition electricity
Pond group, is not required to balanced and reconstruct；
If 2) there is battery cell BiEquilibrium is needed, by adjusting N-channel MOS FETMiDrive circuit PWM duty cycle size and
The filter action of resistance capacitance filter, makes N-channel MOS FETMiBe operated in amplification region, thus euqalizing current can be controlled and
Resistance need not be added for dissipation energy.Referring to Fig. 5, now N-channel MOS FETMiIn PWM state, one is equivalent to
The series connection of switch and a resistance, corresponding fusible link FiIt is equivalent to a conductor, thus, battery cell BiPass through resistance consumption
The energy of storage, realizes single battery monomer BiEquilibrium；
Reference picture 6, if more than one battery cell needs equilibrium, needs the corresponding N-channel of battery cell in a balanced way
MOSFETMiAmplification region will be operated in, in PWM state, the series connection of a switch and a resistance, polylith are equivalent to respectively
Battery cell is not interfere with each other by resistance consumption energy, realizes the equilibrium of multiple battery cells；
If there is no battery cell BiEquilibrium is needed, then determines whether battery cell BiNeed reconstruct,
If 3) there is battery cell BiFailure needs reconstruct, referring to Fig. 7, it is necessary to reconstruct, then by adjusting N-channel MOS FETMi
The filter action of drive circuit PWM duty cycle size and resistance capacitance filter, control is applied to N-channel MOS FETMiDirect current
Signal, makes N-channel MOS FETMiI.e. ON states in the conduction state, are equivalent to a switch, now, battery module short circuit,
Because short circuit current flow is very big, battery module fusible link F can be destroyedi, battery cell BiBypassed by battery pack, realize battery list
Body BiReconstruct；
As more than one battery cell BiWhen needing reconstruct, referring to Fig. 8, each battery cell B for needing to reconstructiIt is corresponding
MOSFETMiConducting state i.e. ON states are in, switch is equivalent to, corresponding fusible link can be all destroyed, corresponding battery list
Body can all be bypassed by battery pack, realize that battery pack is reconstructed；
If there is no battery cell BiReconstruct is needed, then returns to step 2)；
4) step 2 is repeated) and 3), until completing to all battery cell B in battery packiEquilibrium and reconstruct, carry
The performance of high battery pack.
In summary, the present invention realizes the quilt of no bleeder resistance according to the restructural equalizing circuit topological structure proposed
Move balanced, and the fail battery module in battery pack is bypassed, and realizes reconstruct.Ensureing the equilibrium of series battery well
Function and while with good recombination function, the effective use for reducing switch makes whole control system and its drivetrain
System can be simplified accordingly, so as to effectively reduce the cost of the circuit.
Claims (9)
1. the equalizing circuit structure of a kind of restructural, it is characterised in that by battery pack and battery pack fusible link FsIt is in series；Its
In, battery pack includes the battery module BM of n series connectioni；
The battery module BMiIncluding battery cell Bi, fusible link Fi, N-channel MOS FETMiWith drive circuit Di；Battery cell Bi
With fusible link FiSeries connection, battery cell BiWith fusible link FiTwo ends respectively with N-channel MOS FETMiDrain electrode be connected with source electrode, N
Channel mosfet MiGrid and drive circuit DiIt is connected, forms loop.
2. the equalizing circuit structure of restructural according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the drive circuit DiBy resistance
Capacitive filter device and the photoelectrical coupler composition of PWM drivings, PWM are connected with the input of photoelectrical coupler, and photoelectrical coupler is defeated
Go out end one end connected with resistance capacitance filter after access N-channel MOS FETMiGrid, photoelectric coupler output end it is another
One end access N-channel MOS FETMiSource electrode.
3. the equalizing circuit structure of restructural according to claim 1, it is characterised in that fusible link FiRated current it is big
In battery pack fusible link FsRated current.
4. a kind of equalizing circuit structure of restructural based on described in any one in claims 1 to 3 carries out balanced and reconstruct
Method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1) system initialization, makes N-channel MOS FETMiIt is OFF state in not on-state, all battery module BMiIn just
Norm formula, all battery cell BiComposition battery pack is connected in series, balanced and reconstruct is not required to；
If 2) there is battery cell BiEquilibrium is needed, makes N-channel MOS FETMiAmplification region is operated in, now N-channel MOS FETMiIt is in
PWM state, is equivalent to the series connection of a switch and a resistance, corresponding fusible link FiIt is equivalent to a conductor, battery cell Bi
The energy stored by resistance consumption, realizes single battery monomer BiEquilibrium；
If there is no battery cell BiEquilibrium is needed, then determines whether battery cell BiNeed reconstruct,
If 3) there is battery cell BiReconstruct is needed, makes N-channel MOS FETMiI.e. ON states in the conduction state, are equivalent to one and open
Close, battery cell BiBypassed by battery pack, realize battery cell BiReconstruct；
If there is no battery cell BiReconstruct is needed, then returns to step 2)；
4) step 2 is repeated) and 3), until completing to all battery cell B in battery packiEquilibrium and reconstruct.
5. according to claim 4 balanced and reconstruct method, it is characterised in that characterized in that, step 1), 2), 3)
In, N-channel MOS FETMiResiding working condition, is by adjusting drive circuit DiPWM duty cycle size and resistance capacitance
The filter action of filter controls to be applied to N-channel MOS FETMiDirect current signal realize.
6. according to claim 5 balanced and reconstruct method, it is characterised in that as a battery cell BiNeed equilibrium
When, make N-channel MOS FETMiAmplification region is operated in, now, N-channel MOS FETMiIn PWM state, be equivalent to one switch and
The series connection of one resistance, corresponding fusible link FiIt is equivalent to a conductor, battery cell BiThe energy of storage can be disappeared by resistance
Consumption, realizes the equilibrium of single battery monomer.
7. according to claim 5 balanced and reconstruct method, it is characterised in that as more than one battery cell BiNeed
It is each to need battery cell B in a balanced way when balancediCorresponding MOSFETMiAmplification region is operated in, in PWM state, respectively etc.
Imitate the series connection in a switch and a resistance, multiple battery cell BiBy resistance consumption energy, it does not interfere with each other, realizes multiple
The equilibrium of battery cell.
8. according to claim 5 balanced and reconstruct method, it is characterised in that as a battery cell BiNeed reconstruct
When, make N-channel MOS FETMiI.e. ON states in the conduction state, are equivalent to a switch, now, battery module BMiShort circuit,
Short circuit current flow destroys battery module BMiFusible link Fi, battery cell BiBypassed by battery pack, realize single battery monomer
Reconstruct.
9. according to claim 5 balanced and reconstruct method, it is characterised in that as more than one battery cell BiNeed
During reconstruct, each battery cell B for needing to reconstructiCorresponding MOSFETMiConducting state i.e. ON states are in, are equivalent to out
Close, corresponding fusible link can be all destroyed, and corresponding battery cell can all be bypassed by battery pack, realize that battery pack is reconstructed.
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| CN201710349643.0A CN107221718A (en) | 2017-05-17 | 2017-05-17 | The equalizing circuit structure and control method of a kind of restructural |
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| CN201710349643.0A CN107221718A (en) | 2017-05-17 | 2017-05-17 | The equalizing circuit structure and control method of a kind of restructural |
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| CN108418263A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-08-17 | 湖北工业大学 | A kind of restructural equalizing circuit with additional supply |
| CN109713744A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-05-03 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of serial lithium battery group equilibrium fault tolerable circuit structure and balanced fault-tolerance approach |
| CN112117792A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-12-22 | 西安交通大学 | Passive equalization system based on model and equalization current estimation method |
| EP4138257A3 (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2023-03-29 | The Boeing Company | Apparatus and methods for arc detection, fault isolation, and battery system reconfiguration |
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Application publication date: 20170929 |
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