CN107219582B - Optically-active fiber quarter wave plate and preparation method with optimization turn-knob rate function - Google Patents
Optically-active fiber quarter wave plate and preparation method with optimization turn-knob rate function Download PDFInfo
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- CN107219582B CN107219582B CN201710077784.1A CN201710077784A CN107219582B CN 107219582 B CN107219582 B CN 107219582B CN 201710077784 A CN201710077784 A CN 201710077784A CN 107219582 B CN107219582 B CN 107219582B
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000025174 PANDAS Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000021155 Paediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infection Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000016496 Panda oleosa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000000220 Panda oleosa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004038 photonic crystal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 240000004718 Panda Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
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- NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N (2s)-2-[[4-[2-(2,4-diaminoquinazolin-6-yl)ethyl]benzoyl]amino]-4-methylidenepentanedioic acid Chemical compound C1=CC2=NC(N)=NC(N)=C2C=C1CCC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=C)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006880 cross-coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012886 linear function Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3083—Birefringent or phase retarding elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/0012—Optical design, e.g. procedures, algorithms, optimisation routines
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of optically-active fiber quarter wave plate and preparation method thereof with the optimization rotation speed change factor, which is speed-changing rotation birefringence fiber, and rotation speed change meets function:, 0 < z < L, wherein LBBe birefringence fiber bat it is long, value range 2mm~10mm.Linearly polarized light can be converted to circularly polarized light by this optically-active fiber quarter wave plate, and the polarization ellipse degree for being emitted circularly polarized light is.Using rotation speed change function proposed by the present invention, selection has the birefringence fiber and maximum (top) speed of appropriate length in value range given herein above, and using translation heating, (translational velocity v is generally taken as 0.25mm/s) and speed-changing rotation (maximum (top) speed vtLGenerally take 0.5π∕s≤vtL≤2π ∕s) technology method that combines, the optically-active fiber quarter wave plate that phase delay error meets desired indicator (90 ° ± 3.6 °) can be made.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of optically-active fiber quarter wave plates and preparation method thereof, especially a kind of that there is optimization revolving speed to become
Change the optically-active fiber quarter wave plate and preparation method thereof of the factor.
Background technique
In fibre optical sensor, optical fiber laser and fiber amplifier, the line polarisation transmitted in optical fiber link is usually needed
Circularly polarized light is converted into obtain better performance index.Conversion from line polarisation to rotatory polarization needs to make two phases of polarised light
Deng quadrature component between generate pi/2 phase difference, usually realized using crystal wave-plate or birefringence fiber.
Bulk crystals optical wave plate is what the birefringent characteristic based on material made: when light beam is incident on bulk crystals light
When learning wave plate, emergent light can be divided into the different crossed polarized light of two beam spread speeds, and for the incident light of setted wavelength, adjustment is brilliant
The thickness of body, so that it may generate different phase differences, obtain the emergent light of different polarization states.The bulk for generating pi/2 phase difference is brilliant
Bulk optics wave plate is known as quarter-wave plate, and mutually converting for linearly polarized light and circularly polarized light may be implemented.But bulk crystals
Optical wave plate cannot be connected directly with transmission fiber, applied to meeting in the optical fiber link of fibre optical sensor, laser and amplifier
Biggish insertion loss is introduced, the difficulty of system bulk and optical path adjusting is increased.
In principle, the birefringent purpose that equally can achieve phse conversion of optical fiber is utilized.Generate the optical fiber of 2 π phase differences
Length is defined as polarized-modes coupling LB, the length of birefringence fiber is cut into (m ± 0.25) LB, m is integer, so that it may is made into
Optical fiber quarter-wave plate generates the phase difference of pi/2 to incident orhtogonal linear polarizaiton light.In addition, when general single mode fiber is with half
Diameter R be bent when, also can produce it is birefringent, adjust R can realize different phase delay.Therefore, cricoid using being coiled into
Single mode optical fiber can also produce different optical-fibre wave plates, and combination forms Polarization Controller.The advantages of this curved fiber wave plate
It is that there is no the welding problems with transmission fiber, the disadvantage is that phase controlling precision is relatively low.
Speed change turn-knob (as shown in Figure 1) is carried out to birefringence fiber, revolving speed is slowly increased sufficiently to big revolving speed by zero, this
Section speed change turn-knob optical fiber can convert the polarization state of light, linearly polarized light in non-round end along birefringent principal-axis incident,
Output can be converted at fast-turn construction end as circularly polarized light.This optical fiber is known as complete optical fiber polarization converter (AFPT, All fiber
Polarization transformer) or optically-active fiber quarter wave plate, birefringence fiber used be referred to as matrix light
It is fine.The linear anisotropic of the structure of AFPT never round end becomes the circle anisotropy at fast-turn construction end, transmission mode it is intrinsic
State also becomes director circle polarised light from linearly polarized light.Existing theoretical research and technique make used rotation speed change curve
Linear functionOr raised cosineWherein L is the rotation of optical fiber speed change
Turn round the length of section, τLIt is maximum (top) speed, but under the conditions of both speed functions, the cross-coupling system of polarization modes coupling equation
Along fiber lengths biggish fluctuations can occur for number, be unable to get stringent analytic solutions, output can only be acquired by iterative method
The approximate solution of Jones vector and polarization ellipse degree is held, AFPT cannot be carried out strictly according to practically necessary polarization ellipse degree
Design.And since the coefficient of coup is larger along the fluctuations of optical fiber each point, the elliptical polarization degree and its stability of emergent light are very
Difficult hit the target.
Summary of the invention
In view of deficiency present in the above rotation speed change function, one of the objects of the present invention is to provide one kind to have optimization
The optically-active fiber quarter wave plate of the rotation speed change factor.
The second object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of the optically-active fiber quarter wave plate.
In order to achieve the above object, design of the invention is as follows:
(1) the polarization coupled modular equation of AFPT are as follows:
DA (z)/dz=K (z) A (z) (1)
Wherein τ (z) is revolving speed, Δ β=2 π/LBIt is the birefringent of optical fiber, LBBe matrix optical fiber bat it is long.A (z) is one 2
× 1 matrix, element are respectively AxAnd Ay, respectively represent the electric field component of the birefringent main shaft of rotating coordinate system lower edge.In formula
Length Quantity has used double refraction beat-length LBNormalization.
(2) it is handled by matrixing and diagonalization, considers the gradual factor of constant revolving speed, available one specific
Normalize rotation speed change function
Q (z)=0.5tan { arcsin [(z/L) sin (arctan2QL)]} (3)
Wherein, L=l/LBIt is the normalization length of optical fiber, l is the physical length of optical fiber, and z is appointed in speed change turn-knob optical fiber
Meaning has a little arrived the distance of turning point, also uses LBIt is normalized,It is normalization revolving speed, QL
=Q (L) is maximum normalization revolving speed.When normalization rotation speed change function meets above formula, the eigen mode A of AFPT1(z), A2(z)
Respectively
WhenWhen (4)
WhenWhen (5)
Wherein,Random polarization
The incident light of state can be broken into A1(0) and A2(0) linear combination, they are transmitted to the polarization state in optical fiber at the z of arbitrary point
It can be by A1(0) and A2(0) linear combination is analytically expressed.
(3) at the exit end z=L of AFPT, orthogonal eigen mode corresponding with (4), (5) formula is respectively as follows:
According to the definition of polarization ellipse degree
Wherein,For the amplitude ratio of electric field component,For electricity
The phase difference of field component.Under the conditions of single eigenstate is incident, it can acquire respectively with A1(z) or A2(z) incident linearly polarized light warp
The polarization ellipse degree crossed after AFPT at exit end z=L is equal are as follows:
(4) for AFPT as quarter-wave plate, equivalent phase retardation is δe=arccosP, equivalent phase retardation
Deviation are as follows:
According to above-mentioned mechanism, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The birefringence fiber for selecting current technical maturity, as panda type, bow-tie type, oval core pattern, porous type or photon are brilliant
The birefringence fiber of figure makes optically-active fibre quarter-wave as matrix optical fiber, by translation heating and speed change turn-knob technique
Piece.Its rotation speed change function meets following relationship:0<z<
L, wherein LBBe birefringence fiber bat it is long, L is normalization length (the physical length l=LL of optical fiber speed change turn-knob sectionB).It is this
Linearly polarized light can be converted to circularly polarized light by optically-active fiber quarter wave plate, and the ovality of circularly polarized light can use analytic formulaIt indicates, whereinIt is maximum normalization revolving speed, works as QLValue
Range is that 8~10, L value range is 4~20, can find suitable normalization revolving speed and length guarantees P≤0.0628, right
The phase-delay quantity for the quarter-wave plate answered is 90 ° ± 3.6 °, substantially meets the requirement of output circularly polarized light.If matrix is two-fold
Penetrate the long L of bat of optical fiberBValue range be 2mm~10mm, then the length l=LL of optical fiber speed change turn-knob sectionBValue range can set
It is set to 20mm~200mm, maximum (top) speedValue range may be set to 2 π/mm~8 π/mm.
Prepare the specific steps of the above-mentioned optically-active fiber quarter wave plate with the optimization rotation speed change factor are as follows: according to etc.
Imitate phase delay error desired indicator requirement, it is first determined required emergent light polarization ellipse degree P value (generally take P≤
0.0628) normalization fiber lengths L and maximum (top) speed Q, is obtainedLThe constraint relationshipFurther according to bat long value (2mm≤L of matrix optical fiberB≤ 10mm), optimum choice
The fiber lengths (20mm≤l≤200mm) and maximum (top) speed (2 π/mm≤τ of specific speed change turn-knob sectionL≤8π/mm).Production
When, one end of birefringence fiber is fixed on fibre holder, the other end is fixed on the central axis of rotating electric machine, using adding
Thermal element heats and softens birefringence fiber, and heating element is fixed on automatically controlled displacement platform, with constant translational velocity v (one
As be taken as 0.25mm/s) moved along optical fiber, while opening rotating electric machine, motor speed according to optimization design rotation speed change function
It is gradually increased by zero, after heating element mobile l distance, motor speed reaches maximum value v τ justL(0.5π/s≤vτL≤2π/
s).The speed change turn-knob optical fiber made in this way is exactly the optically-active for meeting equivalent phase retardation index request (90 ° ± 3.6 °)
Fiber quarter wave plate.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantage that:
A. present invention firstly provides a kind of special rotation speed change functions:
As shown in Figure 2.
B. based on this special rotation speed change function, can rigorous analytic solution (4), (5) formula in the hope of coupling mode equations, point
The solution that Jones vector of two incident orhtogonal linear polarizaiton light along the transmission of speed change turn-knob optical fiber when develops in optical fiber each point is not provided
Analyse expression formula.
C. according to the analytic solutions of coupling mode equations, Jones vector (6), (7) of two orthogonal eigenstates of exit end are obtained
Analytical expression (9) formula of formula and its corresponding polarization ellipse degree.
D. on this basis, the equivalent phase retardation deviation of assessment AFPT performance and the relation table of structural parameters are given
It, can be according to the index request of polarization conversion performance, to determine returning for speed change turn-knob part according to this expression formula up to formula (10) formula
One changes length and normalizes the constraint relationship and variation range of maximum (top) speed, and according to the bat long value and system of selected matrix optical fiber
Make the permissive condition of technique to optimize the fiber lengths and maximum (top) speed of determining actual fabrication AFPT.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 (a) is speed-changing rotation panda type birefringence fiber end view.
Fig. 1 (b) is speed-changing rotation porous type birefringence fiber end view.
Fig. 2 is normalization rotation speed change function schematic diagram proposed by the present invention, and abscissa is the normalizing of speed change turn-knob optical fiber
Change length z/L, z and L all to LBIt is normalized, ordinate is normalization revolving speed τ (z)/τ of speed change turn-knob optical fiberL。
Fig. 3 be when requiring equivalent phase deviation delta δ=90 ° 4% of AFPT, speed-changing rotation normalize length L with most
Big revolving speed QLCritical constraint relation curve, (L, Q above curve and curveL) point can satisfy P≤0.0628.
Fig. 4 is the method schematic diagram using heating turn-knob technique production AFPT.One end of birefringence fiber is fixed on light
On fine clamper, the other end is fixed on the central axis of rotating electric machine, is heated and softened birefringence fiber using heating element, will
Heating element is fixed on automatically controlled displacement platform, is moved with constant translational velocity v along optical fiber, while opening rotating electric machine, motor
Revolving speed is gradually increased according to the rotation speed change function of optimization design by zero, and after heating element mobile l distance, motor speed is lucky
Reach maximum value v τL。
Specific embodiment
When using the invention patent optimization, design, production AFPT device, the specific steps are as follows:
Step 1: according to the index request of polarization conversion performance, specifying the deviation range of equivalent phase retardation, that is, determine
The maximum value of Δ δ, according to (10) formula, obtains a speed-changing rotation normalization length here for δ=904%=3.6 ° of Δ
Spend L and maximum normalization revolving speed QLCritical constraint relation curve, as shown in Figure 3.
Step 2: according to the feasibility of actual process condition, on Fig. 3 curve or its upper area chooses L and QLIt is big
It is small, according to the long L of bat of selected matrix optical fiberBTo determine the fiber lengths l and maximum (top) speed τ of speed change turn-knobL。
Step 3: choosing the birefringence fiber that length is l, translation heating and speed change turn-knob is taken to combine (as shown in Figure 4)
Process produce optically-active fiber quarter wave plate (AFPT).One end of birefringence fiber is fixed on fibre holder,
The other end is fixed on the central axis of rotating electric machine, heats and softens birefringence fiber using heating element, heating element is consolidated
It is scheduled on automatically controlled displacement platform, with constant translational velocity v=0.25mm/s) it is moved along optical fiber, while rotating electric machine is opened, motor
Revolving speed is v τ(z), according to the changed factor of the invention patent propositionBe gradually increased by zero, when the mobile l of heating element away from
From rear, motor speed reaches maximum value v τ justL.Can produce in this way meet equivalent phase retardation index request (90 ° ±
3.6 °) optically-active fiber quarter wave plate.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of optically-active fiber quarter wave plate with optimization turn-knob rate function, it is characterised in that: the optically-active fibre a quarter
Wave plate is speed change turn-knob optical fiber, and speed change turn-knob optical fiber has an optical fiber speed change turn-knob section, and the variation of turn-knob rate meets function:
0 < z < L, wherein LBIt is birefringence fiber
Bat it is long, L is the normalization length of optical fiber speed change turn-knob section, and L is the actual total length l and L of speed change turn-knob optical fiberBRatio；
Parameter z refers to that any point in optical fiber speed change turn-knob section leaves the length of starting point, and the length is to LBNormalization, i.e., with LB
It is divided by；τLRefer to maximum turn-knob rate of the optical fiber speed change turn-knob section at z=L, unit is radian/mm；The optically-active fibre a quarter
Linearly polarized light is converted to circularly polarized light, the ovality analytic formula of circularly polarized light by wave plateIt indicates, whereinIt is maximum normalization turn-knob rate, works as QLValue
Range is that 8~10, L value range is 4~20, and the normalization that can find maximum normalization turn-knob rate and optical fiber speed change turn-knob section is long
Degree, guarantees P≤0.0628, and the phase-delay quantity of corresponding quarter-wave plate is 90 ° ± 3.6 °.
2. having the optically-active fiber quarter wave plate of optimization turn-knob rate function according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
The speed change turn-knob portion of optical fiber be divided into the birefringence fiber of panda type, bow-tie type, oval core pattern, porous type or photonic crystal type.
3. having the optically-active fiber quarter wave plate of optimization turn-knob rate function according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Birefringence fiber the long L of batBFor 2mm~10mm.
4. having the optically-active fiber quarter wave plate of optimization turn-knob rate function according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Optical fiber speed change turn-knob section length l be 20mm~200mm, maximum turn-knob rate τLValue range be 2 π/mm~8 π/mm.
5. it is a kind of prepare according to claim 1~any one of 4 described in have optimization turn-knob rate function optically-active fibre a quarter
The method of wave plate, it is characterised in that: the specific steps of this method are as follows: it is required according to the desired indicator of equivalent phase delay error,
The polarization ellipse degree P value of emergent light needed for determining first, P≤0.0628 obtain the normalization length L and maximum of speed change turn-knob section
Normalize turn-knob rate QLThe constraint relationshipBat further according to matrix optical fiber is long
Value, 2mm≤LB≤ 10mm, fiber lengths 20mm≤l≤200mm of speed change turn-knob section and 2 π of maximum turn-knob rate/mm≤τL≤8π/
mm；When production, one end of birefringence fiber is fixed on fibre holder, the other end is fixed on the central axis of rotating electric machine
On, birefringence fiber is heated and softened using heating element, heating element is fixed on automatically controlled displacement platform, with constant translation
Speed v=0.25mm/s is moved along optical fiber, while opening rotating electric machine, and motor speed changes the value of function τ (z) according to turn-knob rate
It is gradually increased by zero, after heating element mobile l distance, motor speed reaches maximum value v τ justL, 0.5 π/s≤v τL≤2π/
S, the speed change turn-knob optical fiber made in this way are exactly the optically-active fibre four for meeting 90 ° ± 3.6 ° of equivalent phase retardation index request
/ mono- wave plate.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1068199A (en) * | 1991-06-22 | 1993-01-20 | 黄宏嘉 | Passibe glassfibre polarization mode controller and transducer |
| US6370287B1 (en) * | 1999-02-22 | 2002-04-09 | Zhimin Liu | Compact fiber optical circulator |
| CN1417601A (en) * | 2001-11-05 | 2003-05-14 | 黄宏嘉 | Practical circular polarization state-maintaining fiber and its prepn |
| EP1345051A2 (en) * | 2002-03-13 | 2003-09-17 | Agilent Technologies, Inc. (a Delaware Corporation) | Transmission of orthogonally circularly polarized beams on a fiber |
| CN101702043A (en) * | 2009-11-03 | 2010-05-05 | 上海大学 | Double refraction beat-length holey optical fiber insensitive to wave length |
| CN105182468A (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2015-12-23 | 上海大学 | Multi-lobe stress region circular single polarization optical fiber and manufacturing method thereof |
-
2017
- 2017-02-14 CN CN201710077784.1A patent/CN107219582B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1068199A (en) * | 1991-06-22 | 1993-01-20 | 黄宏嘉 | Passibe glassfibre polarization mode controller and transducer |
| US6370287B1 (en) * | 1999-02-22 | 2002-04-09 | Zhimin Liu | Compact fiber optical circulator |
| CN1417601A (en) * | 2001-11-05 | 2003-05-14 | 黄宏嘉 | Practical circular polarization state-maintaining fiber and its prepn |
| EP1345051A2 (en) * | 2002-03-13 | 2003-09-17 | Agilent Technologies, Inc. (a Delaware Corporation) | Transmission of orthogonally circularly polarized beams on a fiber |
| CN101702043A (en) * | 2009-11-03 | 2010-05-05 | 上海大学 | Double refraction beat-length holey optical fiber insensitive to wave length |
| CN105182468A (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2015-12-23 | 上海大学 | Multi-lobe stress region circular single polarization optical fiber and manufacturing method thereof |
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