CN107219162A - The method for detecting filter strainability - Google Patents
The method for detecting filter strainability Download PDFInfo
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- CN107219162A CN107219162A CN201710464464.1A CN201710464464A CN107219162A CN 107219162 A CN107219162 A CN 107219162A CN 201710464464 A CN201710464464 A CN 201710464464A CN 107219162 A CN107219162 A CN 107219162A
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000012085 test solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 165
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- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
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- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012488 sample solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001728 nano-filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 239000012982 microporous membrane Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 3
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- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000000105 evaporative light scattering detection Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N2015/084—Testing filters
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to filter quality detection technique field, a kind of method for detecting filter strainability is specifically disclosed.This method at least comprises the following steps：Prepare the detection test solution of simulation water quality；Filter to be measured is pre-processed；One or more filters to be measured by pretreatment are connected in test water route, detection test solution is passed through the test water route；Each filter water inlet to be measured in test water route is taken into water water sample, while taking out water water sample in each filter delivery port to be measured；Water inlet water sample, water outlet water sample respectively to taking-up carries out homogenization；Measurement water inlet water sample, the particulate matter quantity of water outlet water sample, and Removal efficiency of particulate matter is calculated according to water inlet water sample particulate matter quantity, the particulate count amount of water outlet water sample.The inventive method has the features such as easy to operate, difficulty is low, interference is small, measurement data is few, data processing is simple, result can quantify.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of filter quality detection, in particular to a method for detecting the filtering performance of a filter.
Background
The filtration performance of a filter is one of important index values for evaluating the filtration capacity of the filter. The national standard GB/T18853-2002 'multiple-pass method for evaluating the filtering performance of a hydraulic transmission filter element' is only set for a hydraulic oil filter, the standard specifies a multiple-pass filtering performance test of the hydraulic transmission filter element under the continuous pollutant injection condition, for a filter taking water as a medium, the filter medium is water, the physicochemical properties of the water and the hydraulic oil are different, particulate matters are more easily precipitated in the water, and the filtering performance of the water purification filter element cannot be evaluated by GB/T18853 plus 2002.
Through some literature research on methods for evaluating the filtering performance of a filtering material, a certain wisdom and the like are used for evaluating the filtering performance of a nylon blood filtering net by obtaining the rejection rate of 240 mu m standard particles and the passing rate of 160 mu m standard particles by using a microscope grid counting method, but the method is only suitable for evaluating particulate matters with larger particle sizes, such as most of municipal tap water and effluent of a filter element of a water purifier, small-power microscope cannot complete grid counting, and the use of high-power microscope is too labor-consuming and time-consuming to complete the detection of a large number of samples.
The utility model discloses a utility model with publication number CN203244814U discloses a filtration performance evaluation device for drinking water treatment, the device is through indexes such as the muddy turbidity value before survey filter speed, head loss and filtration to obtain filterable speed and filtration performance evaluation index through the volume conversion, this evaluation device's later stage data processing is too loaded down with trivial details.
The invention patent with publication number CN104749335A describes a water quality detection system, a water quality detection device, a mobile terminal and a water quality detection method. The system can conveniently and efficiently provide real-time detection results of total soluble solids (TDS), hardness, heavy metals and pH (potential of Hydrogen) for drinking water, but the system only has detection results of total soluble solids, hardness, heavy metals and pH of the drinking water, and only relates to the quality of water, so that the filtering performance of a filter of a water purifying device cannot be directly and accurately detected and evaluated.
The invention patent with publication number CN106198353A discloses a water quality monitoring system for water purification equipment. According to the invention, the filter element water quality conductivity sensor is arranged at the connection part of the filter element of the water purification unit and is used for monitoring the water quality change of the filter element in the using process, the effect can be detected only when the filter element is in a state, and the filtering performance of a newly prepared filter element cannot be detected and evaluated.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems that the filtering performance of the filter cannot be directly and effectively detected and evaluated and the like in the prior art, the invention provides a method for detecting the filtering performance of the filter.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method of testing the filtration performance of a filter comprising at least the steps of:
step S01, preparing a detection test solution;
step S02, preprocessing the filter to be tested;
step S03, connecting one or more pre-treated filters to be tested into a test waterway, and introducing the detection test solution into the test waterway;
step S04, taking an inlet water sample at the water inlet of each filter to be tested of the test waterway, and simultaneously taking an outlet water sample at the water outlet of each filter to be tested;
step S05, homogenizing the taken water inlet sample and the taken water outlet sample respectively;
and S06, measuring the quantity of the particles of the water inlet sample and the water outlet sample, and calculating the particle removal rate according to the measured quantity of the particles of the water inlet sample and the measured quantity of the particles of the water outlet sample.
Compared with the prior art, the method for detecting the filtering performance of the filter provided by the embodiment of the invention can directly and effectively detect the filtering performance of the filter, and directly evaluate the filtering performance of the filter according to the removal rate of the particulate matters. The method has the characteristics of simple and convenient operation, low difficulty, small interference, simple data processing, quantifiable result, accurate quantification and the like; the filter performance of a plurality of filters can be tested simultaneously according to needs, mass sample detection can be realized, and the mass detection has the characteristics of accurate result, high detection efficiency, no mutual interference, low labor cost, high maturity of detection operation, good stability of a test result and reduced detection cost; the method is simple and easy to implement, strong in controllability, good in compatibility and suitable for popularization.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for detecting filtering performance of a filter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a waterway system of a method for detecting filtering performance of a filter provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection unit of the method for detecting filtering performance of a filter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for detecting filtering performance of a filter, which at least includes the following steps:
step S01, preparing a detection test solution;
step S02, preprocessing the filter to be tested;
step S03, connecting one or more pre-treated filters to be tested into a test waterway, and introducing the detection test solution into the test waterway;
step S04, taking an inlet water sample at the water inlet of each filter to be tested of the test waterway, and simultaneously taking an outlet water sample at the water outlet of each filter to be tested;
step S05, homogenizing the taken water inlet sample and the taken water outlet sample respectively;
and S06, measuring the quantity of the particles of the water inlet sample and the water outlet sample, and calculating the particle removal rate according to the measured quantity of the particles of the water inlet sample and the measured quantity of the particles of the water outlet sample.
The above-described detection method is explained in detail below.
In step S01, when preparing the test solution, it is required that the prepared test solution contains 10% to 20% of the total number of particles having a particle size of 2 μm or less, 25% to 35% of the total number of particles having a particle size of 5 μm or less, 50% to 60% of the total number of particles having a particle size of 10 μm or less, 90% or more of the total number of particles having a particle size of 80 μm or less, and 98% or more of the total number of particles having a particle size of 120 μm or less. The detection test solution with the content, the particle size composition and the particle size distribution of the particles is closer to the water body filtered and purified by the actual filter, so that the filtering performance tested by the detection method is ensured to have good consistency with the performance of the filter in actual use.
Preferably, the particulate matter in the detection sample solution is at least one of silica, alumina, iron oxide, titanium dioxide, calcium silicate, sodium silicate, magnesium silicate, and kaolin. Because the particulate matter not only can carry out effectual detection to the filter that awaits measuring for use, the physicochemical property of particulate matter is difficult for changing moreover in the measurement process, still clears up easily.
Preferably, the concentration of the particulate matters in the detection test solution is 1-25 mg/L. The device is used for simulating the actual water body particulate matter condition when the filter is used, and is more favorable for testing the filtering performance of the filter.
According to the technical level of particulate matters, it is further preferable that the detection test solution is prepared by mixing one or more of GB/T28957.1-2012 silica test dust, GB/T28957.2-2012 alumina test dust or Arizona test dust meeting ISO12103-1 standard with tap water. The GB/T28957.1-2012 standard, the GB/T28957.2-2012 standard and the ISO12103-1 standard are all current standards, and when the current standards are abandoned, at least one of silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, iron oxide, titanium dioxide, calcium silicate, sodium silicate, magnesium silicate and kaolin is still adopted to prepare the detection test solution.
In step S02, the filter to be tested is preprocessed to avoid unclean filter and fine particles attached to the surface of the filter to be tested from affecting the detection result, and the preprocessing is performed to eliminate unexpected interference.
Preferably, the pretreatment may use tap water or ultrapure water. And cleaning the filter to be tested by tap water or ultrapure water, and removing fine particles attached to the surface of the filter to be tested.
Preferably, the pretreatment is carried out for 3-6 times, and tap water or ultrapure water is cleaned for 5-10 min, so that particles carried by the filter to be tested are sufficiently removed, other particle impurities possibly introduced due to too long cleaning time are avoided, and the influence of other external factors is eliminated as much as possible.
Preferably, the flow rate of the running water or ultrapure water for cleaning the filter to be tested is 0.5-4.8L/min, the water pressure is 0.2-0.4 MPa, and the test flow rate and the water pressure are consistent with those of municipal running water, so that the situation that the performance of the filter to be tested is changed or the performance of the filter to be tested in the real use process cannot be accurately detected due to the fact that the flow rate and the water pressure are different from those in the conventional use process in the cleaning process is avoided.
Preferably, the material of the filter to be tested can be one or a combination of more of cotton, paper, cloth, synthetic fiber, metal, ceramic, activated carbon and synthetic organic materials. The filter is made of one or a combination of cotton, paper, cloth, synthetic fiber, metal, ceramic, active carbon and synthetic organic materials; the formed filter can be one or a combination of a plurality of filter bags, filter screens, filter cores, microporous filter membranes, ultrafiltration filter membranes, nanofiltration filter membranes, reverse osmosis filter membranes and water quality filters.
In step S03, the test waterway is as shown in fig. 2, and before the test, the test waterway is connected to the respective components as shown in fig. 2.
Specifically, the cleaning unit holds running water or ultrapure water, and the detection test solution unit holds detection test solution, and cleaning unit and detection test solution unit communicate through the pipeline with the water pump respectively alone, and water pump, constant current unit, reposition of redundant personnel unit communicate through the pipeline in proper order, and with one or more filter that awaits measuring parallelly connected access detecting element again, can. After the test water path is connected, the cleaning process of the step S02 is started, and after the filter to be tested is cleaned, the detection test solution of the detection test solution unit can be started to flow through the filter to be tested according to the test water path. Fig. 3 shows a specific detection unit structure. In fig. 3, the filter to be tested is connected into the detection water channel, the water inlet water sample is taken at the water inlet, the water outlet water sample of the filter to be tested is taken at the water outlet, the homogenization treatment is respectively carried out, then the detection of the particles is respectively carried out, and the water sample after the detection is discharged into the drainage unit.
Preferably, the flow rate of the detection test solution flowing through the filter to be detected is 0.5-4.8L/min, the water pressure is 0.2-0.4 MPa, and the test flow rate and the water pressure are consistent with those of municipal tap water, so that the situation that the performance of the filter to be detected is changed due to the fact that the flow rate and the water pressure of the detection test solution flowing process are different from those of the detection test solution flowing through the filter to be detected, the detection result is possibly influenced, or the performance of the filter to be detected in the real use process cannot be accurately detected is.
Preferably, before sampling the water sample in step S04, it should be ensured that the test solution in the test water path is opened for 10min to 30min, and the time for the test solution to flow in the water path is between 10min to 30min, so as to ensure that the total amount of particulate matter passing through the filter to be tested is close to the total amount of particulate matter in the normal rated net water amount of the filter, thereby improving the accuracy of measurement.
Preferably, when the filter water inlet that awaits measuring is got into water sample, the water sample of intaking that takes out is 0.5L ~ 1.0L, avoids the too small sample of water sample of intaking to cause the sampling error or sample volume is great to cause the water sample homogeneity time unreasonable.
Similarly, when the water sample is taken out from the water outlet of the filter to be tested, the taken water sample is 0.5L-1.0L, and the phenomenon that the sampling amount of the water sample is too small to cause large sampling error or too large sampling amount to cause overlong water sample homogenization time is avoided.
In step S04, the taken water sample is homogenized separately to avoid uneven distribution of water particles and avoid precipitation.
Preferably, the taken water inlet sample and the taken water outlet sample are placed on an oscillator and are oscillated for 5-15 min at the rotating speed of 120-280 r/min during homogenization treatment;
or all the materials are put in an ultrasonic water bath for ultrasonic treatment for 5min to 10min at normal temperature;
or firstly placing the mixture on an oscillator, oscillating the mixture for 5 to 15min at the rotating speed of 120 to 280r/min, and then placing the mixture in an ultrasonic water bath for ultrasonic treatment for 5 to 10min at normal temperature.
The vibration treatment can avoid uneven distribution of particles on different water layers in the taken water sample; and ultrasonic treatment can avoid the phenomenon of agglutination of part of particles in the process of being detected, and the ultrasonic time is not suitable for overlong so as to avoid that the ultrasonic time is long, so that a water sample is heated, and the particle size and the quantity of the particles are changed. Normal temperature ultrasonic treatment avoids the particle size and the quantity of the particles from changing due to temperature change to the maximum extent.
In step S06, when the ultrasonically treated influent water sample and the ultrasonically treated effluent water sample are tested to the 4 th part to the 6 th part, the average test result of the particles is valid, so that the samples in the test channel are completely consistent with the tested sample during the test of each sample, and the test accuracy and stability are ensured, whereas the test results of the 1 st part to the 3 rd part often cannot be accurately measured due to excessive errors.
Preferably, the measurement of the particulate matter is performed by using any one of a liquid particle counter, a laser particle size distribution meter, and a nano particle size meter.
Preferably, before the liquid particle counter is used for measuring the water sample, in order to ensure that no particulate matter remains in the test channel of the liquid particle counter and avoid influencing the accuracy of the test result, the liquid particle counter needs to be repeatedly washed by ultrapure water.
Preferably, the number of flushing times is 3-6, so that the liquid particle counter is clean.
Furthermore, the ultrapure water used for cleaning the liquid particle counter should be filtered by a microporous membrane of 0.45 μm or less, so as to eliminate the interference of particles in the ultrapure water on the liquid particle counter.
Preferably, the X [ mu ] m of a test file of the liquid particle counter is selected within the range of 1-400 [ mu ] m, and the single sample volume of a water sample is set to be 60-100 mL; in the test file and the single sample volume of the water sample, the sample volume of each time can meet the sample feeding requirement of the liquid particle counter.
Through the measurement of the liquid particle counter, the quantity of the particles of the water sample to be measured and the quantity of the particles of the water sample to be measured are obtained, the particle removal rate of the filter to be measured is calculated according to the quantity of the particles of the water sample to be measured and the quantity of the particles of the water sample to be measured, and the filtering performance of the filter is judged according to the particle removal rate.
Specifically, the calculation formula of the particle removal rate is shown in the following formula (I):
according to the method for detecting the filtering performance of the filter, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the filtering performance of the filter is directly evaluated by detecting and counting the content of the particulate matters in the water samples at the water inlet and the water outlet of the filter.
The method has the characteristics of simple and convenient operation, low difficulty, small interference, simple data processing, quantifiable result, accurate quantification and the like; the filter performance of a plurality of filters can be tested simultaneously according to needs, mass sample detection can be realized, and the mass detection has the characteristics of accurate result, high detection efficiency, no mutual interference, low labor cost, high maturity of detection operation, good stability of a test result, reduced detection cost and no damage to the filters; the method is simple and easy to implement, strong in controllability, good in compatibility and suitable for popularization.
To better illustrate the method of detecting the filtering performance of the filter provided by the present invention, the following examples further illustrate the method.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for detecting the filtering performance of a filter, and particularly relates to a method for detecting the filtering performance of the filter, wherein a material for manufacturing the filter is a PP cotton filter element.
The method comprises the following steps:
(1) washing a filter (PP cotton filter element) for 5min by using ultrapure water, wherein the flow rate during washing is 3.8L/min, the water pressure is 0.25MPa, and meanwhile, preparing a detection test solution with the concentration of 10mg/L by using Arizona test dust A2 meeting the ISO12103-1 standard;
in the prepared detection test solution, the particles with the particle size of less than 2 microns account for 12-15% of the total particles, the particles with the particle size of less than 5 microns account for 28-32% of the total particles, the particles with the particle size of less than 10 microns account for 50-55% of the total particles, the particles with the particle size of less than 80 microns account for more than 95% of the total particles, and the particles with the particle size of less than 120 microns account for more than 99% of the total particles;
(2) washing the filter with the detection solution for 15min, wherein the flow rate of the detection solution is 3.8L/min, and the water pressure is 0.25 MPa;
(3) taking 0.8L of an inlet water sample from a water inlet of the filter and taking 0.8L of an outlet water sample from a water outlet at the 10 th min of the washing of the detection solution;
(4) respectively placing the water inlet sample and the water outlet sample on an oscillator, and oscillating for 10min at 200 r/min;
(5) placing the water inlet sample and the water outlet sample subjected to oscillation treatment by the oscillator in an ultrasonic water bath kettle for ultrasonic treatment at normal temperature for 10 min;
(6) repeatedly washing the liquid particle counter for 3 times by using ultrapure water filtered by a 0.45-micron microporous membrane, selecting a test file of the liquid particle counter of 5 microns, and controlling the single sample injection amount of a water sample to be set to 80 mL;
and (3) testing the water inlet sample and the water outlet sample subjected to ultrasonic treatment for 6 times by using a washed liquid particle counter respectively, wherein the average value of the test results from the 4 th time to the 6 th time is the concentration of the particles with the diameter of more than or equal to 5 micrometers in the water sample. Specific detection results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 test results of the filtration performance of certain PP cotton filter element
From the data in table 1, the particle removal rate was calculated:namely, the filter (PP cotton filter element) has a removal rate of 95.2 percent for particles with the particle size of more than 5 mu m.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for detecting the filtering performance of a filter, and particularly relates to a method for detecting the filtering performance of the filter, wherein the filter is made of an activated carbon composite filter element.
The method comprises the following steps:
(1) rinsing the ultrafiltration activated carbon composite filter element for 10min by using ultrapure water, wherein the flow rate of the ultrapure water is 3.5L/min and the water pressure is 0.33MPa during rinsing, and simultaneously preparing detection test solution with the concentration of 10mg/L by using GB/T28957.2-2012 alumina test dust M3 and Arizona test dust A2 meeting the ISO12103-1 standard;
in the prepared detection test solution, the particles with the particle size of less than 2 microns account for 10-13% of the total particles, the particles with the particle size of less than 5 microns account for 30-33% of the total particles, the particles with the particle size of less than 10 microns account for 50-55% of the total particles, the particles with the particle size of less than 80 microns account for more than 95% of the total particles, and the particles with the particle size of less than 120 microns account for more than 99% of the total particles;
(2) washing the ultrafiltration activated carbon composite filter element with the detection test solution for 20min, wherein the flow rate of the detection test solution is 3.5L/min, and the water pressure is 0.33 MPa;
(3) taking 1.0L of an inlet water sample from a water inlet of the ultrafiltration activated carbon composite filter element and taking 1.0L of an outlet water sample from a water outlet at the 15 th min of the flushing of the detection solution;
(4) respectively placing the water inlet sample and the water outlet sample on an oscillator, and oscillating for 15min at 200 r/min;
(5) placing the water inlet sample and the water outlet sample subjected to oscillation treatment by the oscillator in an ultrasonic water bath kettle for ultrasonic treatment at normal temperature for 10 min;
(6) washing the liquid particle counter for 3 times by using ultrapure water filtered by a 0.45-micron microporous membrane, selecting a test level of the liquid particle counter of 5 microns, and setting the single sample injection amount of a water sample to be 90 mL;
the water inlet sample and the water outlet sample which are subjected to ultrasonic treatment are respectively tested for 6 times by using a washed liquid particle counter, and the average value of the test results from the 4 th time to the 6 th time is the concentration of particles with the diameter being more than or equal to 2 mu m in the water sample. Specific detection results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 result of testing the filtration performance of ultrafiltration activated carbon composite filter element of certain water purifying equipment
From the data in table 2, the particle removal rate was calculated:namely, the removal rate of the ultrafiltration activated carbon composite filter element of the water purification equipment to the particles with the particle size of more than 5 mu m is 94.5 percent.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a method for detecting the filtering performance of a filter, and particularly relates to a water quality processor serving as the filter.
The method comprises the following steps:
(1) flushing the water quality processor for 10min by using tap water, wherein the flow rate is 4.2L/min and the water pressure is 0.35 MPa; simultaneously, GB/T28957.2-2012 alumina test dust M2 and arizona test dust A2 meeting the ISO12103-1 standard are used for preparing a detection test solution with the concentration of 5 mg/L;
in the prepared detection test solution, the particles with the particle size of less than 2 microns account for 15-20% of the total particles, the particles with the particle size of less than 5 microns account for 30-35% of the total particles, the particles with the particle size of less than 10 microns account for 50-55% of the total particles, the particles with the particle size of less than 80 microns account for more than 95% of the total particles, and the particles with the particle size of less than 120 microns account for more than 98% of the total particles;
(2) washing the water quality processor with detection sample solution for 20min, wherein the flow rate of the detection sample solution is 4.2L/min and the water pressure is 0.35 MPa;
(3) taking 0.6L of an inlet water sample from a water inlet of the water quality processor and taking 0.6L of an outlet water sample from a water outlet at the 10 th min of the flushing of the detection test solution;
(4) respectively placing the water inlet sample and the water outlet sample on an oscillator, and oscillating for 10min at a speed of 160 r/min;
(5) placing the water inlet sample and the water outlet sample subjected to oscillation treatment by the oscillator in an ultrasonic water bath kettle for ultrasonic treatment at normal temperature for 5 min;
(6) repeatedly washing the liquid particle counter for 3 times by using ultrapure water filtered by a 0.45-micron nanofiltration membrane, selecting a test level of the liquid particle counter to be 2 microns, and controlling the single sample injection amount of a water sample to be set to be 60 mL;
and (3) testing the water inlet sample and the water outlet sample subjected to ultrasonic treatment for 6 times by using a washed liquid particle counter respectively, wherein the average value of the test results from the 4 th time to the 6 th time is the concentration of the particles with the diameter of more than or equal to 2 mu m in the water sample. The results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 test results of filtration performance of a certain water quality processor
From the data in table 3, the particle removal rate was calculated:namely, the removal rate of the particles with the particle size of more than 2 μm by the water quality processor is 91.1%.
Example 4
The method for detecting the filtering performance of the filter provided by the embodiment specifically is used for simultaneously evaluating the filtering performance of filter elements of four water purifying devices.
The method comprises the following steps:
(1) connecting four water purifying device filter cores S1, S2, S3 and S4 to a waterway test channel in parallel, and respectively washing with ultrapure water, wherein the flow rate is 4.0L/min and the water pressure is 0.34 MPa; meanwhile, preparing detection test solution with the concentration of 5mg/L by using GB/T28957.2-2012 alumina test dust M1 and M2 and arizona test dust A2 meeting ISO12103-1 standards;
in the prepared detection test solution, the particles with the particle size of less than 2 microns account for 10-15% of the total particles, the particles with the particle size of less than 5 microns account for 33-35% of the total particles, the particles with the particle size of less than 10 microns account for 55-60% of the total particles, the particles with the particle size of less than 80 microns account for more than 98% of the total particles, and the particles with the particle size of less than 120 microns account for more than 99% of the total particles;
(2) washing four water purifying equipment filter cores S1, S2, S3 and S4 with detection test solution for 20min, wherein the flow rate of the detection test solution is 4.0L/min and the water pressure is 0.34MPa during washing;
(3) in the 10 th min of the test solution flushing, 0.8L of water sample is taken from the water inlets of the four water purifying equipment filter cores S1, S2, S3 and S4 respectively, and 0.8L of water sample is taken from the water outlets of the water purifying equipment filter cores S1, S2, S3 and S4 respectively;
(4) respectively placing the water inlet sample and the water outlet sample on an oscillator, and oscillating for 15min at 200 r/min;
(5) placing the water inlet sample and the water outlet sample subjected to oscillation treatment by the oscillator in an ultrasonic water bath kettle for ultrasonic treatment at normal temperature for 10 min;
(6) repeatedly washing the liquid particle counter for 3 times by using ultrapure water filtered by a 0.45-micron microporous membrane, selecting a test sample size of the liquid particle counter of 2 microns, and setting the single sample volume of a water sample to be 80 mL;
and testing the water sample subjected to ultrasonic treatment for 6 times by using a flushed liquid particle counter, wherein the average value of the test results from the 4 th time to the 6 th time is the concentration of the particulate matters with the diameter of more than or equal to 2 mu m in the water sample. Specific detection results are shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 test results of filter element filtration performance of four water purification devices
According to the data of table 4, the particle removal rate of each water purification unit filter element was calculated respectively: wherein,
S1：
S2：
S3：
S4：
namely, the removal rate of the water purifying equipment filter elements S1, S2, S3 and S4 to the particles with the particle size of more than 2 microns is 93.3%, 94.1%, 94.8% and 93.6%, so that the filtering performance of the four water purifying equipment filter elements can be judged to be S3 > S2 > S4 > S1.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents or improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method of testing the filtration performance of a filter, comprising at least the steps of:
step S01, preparing a detection test solution;
step S02, preprocessing the filter to be tested;
step S03, connecting one or more pre-treated filters to be tested into a test waterway, and introducing the detection test solution into the test waterway;
step S04, taking an inlet water sample at the water inlet of each filter to be tested of the test waterway, and simultaneously taking an outlet water sample at the water outlet of each filter to be tested;
step S05, homogenizing the taken water inlet sample and the taken water outlet sample respectively;
and S06, measuring the quantity of the particles of the water inlet sample and the water outlet sample, and calculating the particle removal rate according to the measured quantity of the particles of the water inlet sample and the measured quantity of the particles of the water outlet sample.
2. The method of testing the filtration performance of a filter according to claim 1, wherein: the particles in the detection test solution are at least one of silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, iron oxide, titanium dioxide, calcium carbonate, calcium silicate, sodium silicate, magnesium silicate and kaolin; the concentration of the particulate matter in the detection test solution is 1-25 mg/L.
3. The method for detecting the filtering performance of a filter according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein; in the detection sample solution, the particles with the particle size of less than 2 μm account for 10-20% of the total number of particles, the particles with the particle size of less than 5 μm account for 25-35% of the total number of particles, the particles with the particle size of less than 10 μm account for 50-60% of the total number of particles, the particles with the particle size of less than 80 μm account for more than 90% of the total number of particles, and the particles with the particle size of less than 120 μm account for more than 98% of the total number of particles.
4. The method for detecting the filtering performance of a filter according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein: the filter to be tested is made of one or a combination of more of cotton, paper, cloth, synthetic fiber, metal, ceramic, activated carbon and synthetic organic materials; the filter to be tested is one or a combination of a plurality of filter bags, filter screens, filter cores, microporous filter membranes, ultrafiltration filter membranes, nanofiltration filter membranes, reverse osmosis filter membranes and water quality filters.
5. The method for detecting the filtering performance of a filter according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein: the homogenization treatment adopts an oscillator to carry out oscillation treatment or ultrasonic normal-temperature water bath to carry out water bath treatment or adopts the oscillator to carry out oscillation treatment combined with ultrasonic normal-temperature water bath treatment.
6. The method of testing the filtration performance of a filter according to claim 5, wherein: when the oscillator is used for oscillation treatment, the oscillation rotating speed is 120-280 r/min, and the oscillation time is 5-15 min; and/or ultrasonic treatment in an ultrasonic normal-temperature water bath at normal temperature for 5-10 min.
7. The method of testing the filtration performance of a filter according to claim 1, wherein: before taking the water inlet sample and the water outlet sample, continuously passing through the detection test solution for 10-30 min in a waterway according to the flow of 0.5-4.8L/min and the water pressure of 0.2-0.4 MPa, then taking 0.5-1.0L of the water inlet sample at the water inlet of the filter to be detected, and taking 0.5-1.0L of the water outlet sample at the water outlet of the filter to be detected.
8. The method of testing the filtration performance of a filter according to claim 1, wherein: the measurement of the water inlet sample and the water outlet sample adopts any one of a liquid particle counter, a laser particle size distribution instrument and a nanometer particle size instrument.
9. The method of testing the filtration performance of a filter according to claim 1, wherein: the calculation formula of the particle removal rate is as follows:
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| CN112697675A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-23 | 北京理工大学珠海学院 | Simulated tap water and application thereof |
| CN113109229A (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2021-07-13 | 中科检测技术服务(广州)股份有限公司 | Method for testing antibacterial performance of filter element of water purifier |
| CN113237812A (en) * | 2021-05-07 | 2021-08-10 | 宁波威霖住宅设施有限公司 | Device for detecting filtering effect of gas-phase filtering material and using method |
| CN114558472A (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2022-05-31 | 四川省简阳天府脱模材料厂 | Intelligent batching system for release agent |
| CN114558472B (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2023-03-28 | 四川省简阳天府脱模材料厂 | Intelligent batching system for release agent |
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