CN107218843B - A kind of gun muzzle vibration test system and test method - Google Patents
A kind of gun muzzle vibration test system and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107218843B CN107218843B CN201710512876.8A CN201710512876A CN107218843B CN 107218843 B CN107218843 B CN 107218843B CN 201710512876 A CN201710512876 A CN 201710512876A CN 107218843 B CN107218843 B CN 107218843B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A31/00—Testing arrangements
- F41A31/02—Testing arrangements for checking gun barrels
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of gun muzzle vibration test systems, specifically include lower section optical path system (12), side optical path system (13) and the acquisition of twin-line array ccd signal and processing unit (23), it is characterised in that：Lower section optical path system (12) includes the first laser line generator (14), the first cylindrical lens (15), the first plane mirror (18), the first optical filter (19), the first imaging system (20), the first line array CCD (21)；Side optical path system (13) includes：Second laser line generator (24), the second cylindrical lens (25), second plane mirror (28), the second optical filter (29), the second imaging system (30), the second line array CCD (31)；The present invention installs cannon gun muzzle simple, safe and suitable for different structure, is especially not easy to very much install or paste the various occasions for measuring adminicle in hyper firing rate tube cannon etc..
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of barrage weapon gun muzzle vibration-testing apparatus and its test method more particularly to a kind of gun muzzle to shake
Dynamic test system and test method.
Background technology
In recent years, with the continuous improvement of the penetration ability of the precision guided weapons such as guided missile, for precision guided weapon into
The effective defence of row, the barrage weapon for precision guided weapon short range defense also achieve tremendous development.More famous has
The MK-15 " Phalanx " of Ray Thcon of the U.S., " goalkeeper " of Holland, " Metal Storm " of Australia, Russia
The multitubes small caliber piece short range such as " 632 " in " CADS-N-1 ", " Ka Shitan " and China, " 732 ", " 1132 ", " land shield " is low
Empty defensive weapon system, on naval vessel, the fields such as important fixed target air-defense of air defense, vehicle-mounted motor-driven air defense and ground are all
It is widely used[1].Combat duty is intercepted effectively to fulfil short-range air-defense, the dispersion of barrage weapon is required and normal
Advise weapon different from.Shooting point of impact is required to concentrate with traditional cannon on the contrary, it is required that bullet is spread into certain area
Barrage, the barrage with certain area are conducive to covering to attack the possible ballistic trajectory of target；Secondly intercepted to avoid the occurrence of
Though guided missile pass through barrage but the case where do not intercepted effectively yet, it is desirable that there is certain dispersion density, the i.e. bullet of barrage weapon
Ball relatively uniform distribution in the area of fire, just can guarantee the interception probability of success[2].The dispersion situation of barrage weapon is shadow
An important factor for ringing its interdiction capability.
Due to barrage weapon have bullet area of dispersion is big, short time transmitting bullet quantity is more, between front and back bullet between
Every the time is short the features such as, the dispersions contact test method such as common target plate is after the shooting of a large amount of bullets, it is difficult to again effectively
Differentiate shell hole, it is difficult to realize the reliable test spread to barrage arms projectiles[3].It is with the development of technology and military urgent
It is essential and asks, the radio frequency of barrage weapon is also being continuously improved, and new problem is brought to dispersion measuring technology.For validity test
Barrage arms projectiles are spread, and a kind of there is an urgent need to effective target surfaces big, measurement sensitivity and precision are high, simple and practical in structure non-connect
Touch test method, it is desirable that test system must have higher measurement accuracy, sensitivity and high speed signal to receive and processing energy
Power, while adapting to the test needs of high speed or low-speed operations bullet, there is the target surface of large area and being easy to target range installation and debugging.
Meanwhile during shooting, violent chemical action occurs in gun barrel for propellant powder, in complex external force and ring
Under the effect of border, barrel necessarily will produce vibration, influence the dispersion of cannon.The osculum of barrage weapon generally use multitube form
Diameter gatling gun, since radio frequency is fast, when shooting, front and back impact vibration influenced each other, and the Vibration Condition shot between different barrels is handed over
Fork influences, and gun muzzle Vibration Condition is more increasingly complex than conventional cannon.Test environment when due to artillery shooting is severe, vibrational excitation
The features such as source is complicated, acceleration is big, Oscillation Amplitude and frequency are various, lacks effective gun muzzle vibration-testing means.
Since the nineties in last century, domestic and foreign scholars have carried out deep theory to the relationship of gun vibration and dispersion
Analysis and experimental study.Result of study shows that reel cage and barrel vibration can all have an impact closeness, when shell goes out gun muzzle
The dispersion of gun muzzle dynamic firing angle and cannon it is in close relations, be influence cannon dispersion one of the major reasons.Therefore,
Complicated gun muzzle vibration is the one of the major reasons for influencing barrage arms projectiles and spreading.Research is tested the vibration of its gun muzzle and is dissipated with projectile
The test method of cloth can be vibrated for gun muzzle and provide practice support with dispersion correlation research.Study related art method
The vibration characteristics for measuring barrage arms projectiles distribution and gun muzzle, technical support is provided for barrage weapon vibration control, for obtaining
Rational barrage arms projectiles spread parameter, improve Weapon Combat efficiency and are of great significance.Big gun when to barrage weapon-shooting
Mouth vibration is tested with bullet distribution, and analysis gun muzzle vibrates the influence degree spread to bullet, is set to barrage weapon system
Meter also has directive significance with linguistic term.
Gun muzzle vibration has a major impact dispersion, is always target range since test environment is severe, Vibration Condition is complicated
One of Research Challenges of testing field, existing means of testing are mainly the following.
(1) accelerometer
Accelerometer measures method needs to use the aided measurement devices such as gun muzzle hoop, by aided measurement device by sensor
It is fixed on gun muzzle, conditioned circuit measures the voltage of the variation of reaction vibration acceleration, then carries out signal processing, you can
Obtain the vibration parameters of gun muzzle.
(2) photoelectric displacement follower
Photoelectric displacement follower measuring principle is mainly realized by tracking the interface of black and white mark on target to mesh
Mark the measurement of vibration.The movement of black and white interface makes the imaging of image dissector change, the voltage change of generation and object position
It is directly proportional to move variation, the misalignment of target in one direction can be measured.
(3) eddy current displacement sensor
Gun barrel vibrates in the induction range of its inductance coil, and induced electricity is generated due to electromagnetic induction principle
There are certain relationships for the parameter of buckling, induced voltage and barrel vibration, so as to find out gun vibration parameter.
Due to the limitation in principle, the range of current vortex sensor is determined by the sectional area of its induction coil, to ensure
Coil correctly responds the vibration displacement of barrel, tested gun barrel section should than big twice of sensor section diameter or more,
It installs during the test relatively difficult.And the big sensor requirements reflecting surface of range, with regard to bigger, such sensor measures
Be exactly entire reflecting surface vibration information it is average, rather than the vibrational state in a single point region must use when so measuring
The sensor of small bore is tested close to barrel, and in this way in Canon launching, the displacement of gun tube, which is easy to pat, arrives sensor, prevents
It is big to protect difficulty.In addition, ground vibration caused by barrel recoil, will directly affect the ground support of fixed sensor, causes to measure
Failure.
(4) high-speed photography
High-speed photography equipment includes mainly high-speed CCD sensor, high-speed processing circuits and optical device.By analyzing gun muzzle
Video image, extract gun muzzle movable information, or video file resolved into multiple image, using digital image processing techniques into
Row extraction.Due to lacking effective vibration performance appraisal procedure, measurement accuracy is difficult to ensure.And high-resolution in order to balance
With high shooting speed, the usual very little of visual field of high-speed photography camera, there is strict demand to the width spacing of gun muzzle athletic posture, such as
APX-RS type high speed camera maximums are no more than 100mm.And high-speed photography equipment uses high speed face array CCD, to ensure scanning speed
Degree causes measurement accuracy low as number of elements is usually less, and when high-speed photography survey running fire artillery shooting gun muzzle vibration processes,
Need the amount of images acquired very huge, image processing process is complicated, and handling result influences measuring accuracy.
(5) gun muzzle method for testing vibration based on PSD displacement sensors
Speculum is fixed on gun muzzle position by aided measurement device, and laser, PSD sensors and camera lens are at gun muzzle rear
The angled arrangement in relative reflection mirror plane.When measurement, laser sends out point light source and is radiated in mirror plane, speculum
With the vibration of gun muzzle, the movement by the dynamic respons of gun muzzle to point light source on the surfaces PSD, PSD is generated and launching spot position
Corresponding current signal, after being handled using PSD sensor signal processing boards, in conjunction with gun muzzle dynamic firing angle and PSD hot spot coordinates
Between detection model, you can obtain the measurement result of gun muzzle Vibration Parameter.
(6) CCD laser triangle displacement sensors
CCD laser displacement sensors are mainly made of laser, optical lens group and CCD.Reflection light point on CCD at
Picture, picture point responds the Vibration Condition of speculum, and speculum is vibrated with gun muzzle.Based on the spot displacement variable quantity of CCD outputs, and
The vibration displacement situation of target can be measured in conjunction with mathematical model between the two.
The above analysis can be seen that artillery shooting site environment is severe, and the complicated factor of gun muzzle vibration measurement is more, energy
The means of testing for meeting the vibration of barrage weapon gun muzzle lacks.Existing gun muzzle vibration-testing means there are the shortcomings that mainly have：
(1) the test method measuring principle of touch sensor is simple, easy to operate, but can change gun muzzle vibrational state,
It is influenced particularly with small caliber piece gun muzzle vibration-testing big.Since barrel vibration frequency is various, the impact of different frequency difference
Vibration is also easily damaged the sensor in non-corresponding range section, and for tube cannon, touch sensor installation difficulty is very
Greatly.
(2) non-contact measurement.Existing contactless measurement there are the problem of be summed up and mainly have：
1) measurement distance is excessively close, easily by barrel recoil or gun muzzle impact failure；
2) interference performances such as anti-muzzle flash and smog are poor；
3) can not tracking measurement gun muzzle two-dimension vibration, later data processing is difficult；
4) it needs to install subsidiary equipment additional on barrel, influences the vibration characteristics of cannon itself, and for using tube
For the barrage weapon of form, it is difficult to complete installation.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to be based on line laser technology, CCD imaging techniques etc., research line laser beam gun muzzle be imaged with
And with gun muzzle vibration characteristic, in conjunction with area array CCD and Output Signal of Linear CCD's frequency feature, propose that twin-line array CCD detects line laser
Gun muzzle method for testing vibration；Principle；Analyze measuring principle, analysis of test system layout, research associated arguments optical projection conversion
Relationship carries out systematic parameter Synthetical Optimization, derives test result and converts mathematical model, realizes the two dimension of muzzle vibration displacement
It solves.
Technical program of the present invention lies in providing a kind of gun muzzle vibration test system, lower section optical path system is specifically included
System, side optical path system and the acquisition of twin-line array ccd signal and processing unit, it is characterised in that：
Lower section optical path system includes the first laser line generator, the first cylindrical lens, the first plane mirror, the first optical filtering
Piece, the first imaging system, the first line array CCD；
Lower section optical path system is arranged in immediately below barrel to be measured, and the first laser line generator is being installed close to gun muzzle side,
First cylindrical lens is installed above the first laser line generator, the laser of the first laser line generator transmitting passes through the first cylindrical lens
First Line lasing area is formed afterwards, and is irradiated on barrel to be measured, forms First Line laser projection, in this process line laser beam
Optical plane the first plane mirror should be then installed perpendicular to the radial vertical cross-section of barrel, for the reflected beams project.
First plane mirror is installed in the right side of the first laser line generator, while the first plane mirror and barrel to be measured
It is angled so that the picture after reflection can be transmitted to the first imaging system.
First optical filter is placed between the first plane mirror and the camera lens of the first imaging system.Then in the first optical filter
Rear the first imaging system and the first line array CCD are installed successively, the first line array CCD will be with the angled α of barrel to be measured；
Connection line on first line array CCD makes the first line array CCD be acquired with twin-line array ccd signal and is connect with processing unit
Measure the acquisition and processing of signal, while the optical path system data that measure in side are also by being transferred to twin-line array
In ccd signal acquisition and processing unit,
Side optical path system includes：Second laser line generator, the second cylindrical lens, second plane mirror, the second filter
Mating plate, the second imaging system, the second line array CCD.
Wherein：The second laser line generator is being installed close to gun muzzle side, the second cylinder is installed at the rear of the second laser line generator
The laser of lens, the transmitting of the second laser line generator forms the second line laser face after the second cylindrical lens, and is irradiated to body to be measured
Guan Shang forms the projection of the second line laser, and the optical plane of line laser beam should be perpendicular to the axial horizontal of barrel in this process
Second plane mirror is then installed in section, is projected for the reflected beams.
Second plane mirror is installed on the right side of the second laser line generator, at the same second plane mirror and barrel to be measured at
Certain angle so that the picture after reflection can be transmitted to the second imaging system, and the second optical filter is placed on second plane mirror
And second imaging system camera lens between, for filtering out available light, influenced caused by measurement result with reducing extraneous factor.It connects
It and the second imaging system and the second line array CCD is installed successively at the rear of the second optical filter, the second line array CCD will be with barrel to be measured
Angled α；
Connection line on second line array CCD makes it be acquired with twin-line array ccd signal and is connect with processing unit, measured
The acquisition and processing of signal, and then realize the measurement of gun muzzle vibration.
Further, further include synchronous circuit, effect is exactly to make lower section when barrel to be measured is activated to vibrate
Optical path system and side optical path system can be carried out at the same time test, and pass the signal along to twin-line array ccd signal and adopt
In collection and processing unit, and then realize the synchro measure of gun muzzle vibration.
Further, which additionally provides a kind of test method of gun muzzle vibration test system, specifically includes：
Step 1, the installation for carrying out vibration abatement；
The first laser line generator is installed, for generating line in step 2, the face position below barrel to be measured close to gun muzzle side
Laser；First cylindrical lens is installed above the first laser line generator for generating First Line lasing area, when First Line lasing area shines
First Line laser projection can be formed when being mapped on barrel to be measured at gun muzzle；First is installed in the first laser line generator rear position
Plane mirror, for being reflected in the First Line laser projection formed on barrel to be measured；The shape after the reflection of the first plane mirror
At installing the first optical filter in the corresponding light path of light；The first imaging system is installed at first optical filter rear, makes the first imaging system
The first optical filter of camera lens face of system, for the imaging to the first plane mirror reflection light；At the first imaging system rear
First line array CCD is installed, the picture passed over for receiving the first imaging system；First line array CCD need to be with barrel at certain angle
Spend α；
Step 3, in barrel side face position to be measured, the second laser line generator is installed close to gun muzzle side, for generating line
Laser；Second cylindrical lens is installed in front of the second laser line generator, for generating the second line laser face, when the second line laser face is shone
The projection of the second line laser can be formed when being mapped on barrel to be measured at gun muzzle；In the second laser line generator rear suitable position installation
Second plane mirror, for being reflected in the second line laser formed on barrel to be measured projection；It is reflected in second plane mirror
It is formed afterwards in the corresponding light path of light and the second optical filter is installed, the second optical filter rear installs the second imaging system, makes the second one-tenth
As the second imaging system of camera lens face of system, for the imaging to second plane mirror reflection light；It is anti-in the second plane
It penetrates mirror rear and the second line array CCD, the picture passed over for connecing the second imaging system is installed；Second line array CCD need to barrel at
Certain angle α；
Step 4 carries out the acquisition of twin-line array ccd signal and the installation of processing unit, by circuit by the first line array CCD and the
Two line array CCDs are acquired with twin-line array ccd signal and are attached with processing unit；
Step 5 powers on, and is debugged to the entirely system of testing, it is made to meet presumptive test demand；Debugging was completed
Afterwards, make test system in operating status, barrel to be measured is applied and is encouraged, is tested；
Step 6 is acquired to measuring signal in test process, transmits and handles, and obtains First Line laser projection respectively
The coordinate of picture and the second line laser project the coordinate of picture on the second line array CCD on the first line array CCD；
Step 7, the processing analysis for carrying out data measured, the image plane and body to be measured of the first line array CCD and the second line array CCD
The α that all forms an angle is managed, a coordinate system is respectively established on barrel to be measured, the first line array CCD and the second line array CCD, then will
Measuring signal on the first line array CCD and the second line array CCD becomes coordinate value, then by coordinate conversion matrix, by First Line
Coordinate value on battle array CCD and the second line array CCD is converted to the coordinate value of gun muzzle.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：
(1) projection using laser on barrel is as imaging object, and laser light wave monochromaticjty is good, energy is concentrated, convenient for filter
Except ambient light interferences such as gun muzzle astigmatism, signal-to-noise ratio is improved；
(2) line laser is a laser plane in three dimensions, and the line laser beam with certain length can ensure to penetrate
When hitting, gun muzzle is during high vibration always in laser light curtain；
(3) the scan frequency higher of line array CCD can use the more CCD devices of pixel element, can realize very high frequency
Rate and displacement measurement accuracy；
(4) it is not necessarily to add subtest equipment on barrel, does not change the vibration characteristics of gun muzzle itself.Installation is simple, safe
Property high and suitable for different structure cannon gun muzzle, especially be not easy to very much install or paste in hyper firing rate tube cannon etc. each
Kind measures the occasion of adminicle.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is vibration displacement test philosophy schematic diagram in laser emitting direction along single linear CCD cannon；
Fig. 2 is twin-line array CCD detection lines laser test system composition figure substantially；
Fig. 3 is twin-line array CCD detection line laser gun muzzle vibration test systems layout front view；
Fig. 4 is twin-line array CCD detection line laser gun muzzle vibration test systems layout vertical view；
Fig. 5 is twin-line array CCD detection line laser gun muzzle vibration test systems layout side view
Fig. 6 is the Vibration Condition figure in the online laser light curtain of gun muzzle in barrel section；
Fig. 7 is that line laser is projecting situation map in barrel in gun muzzle vibration processes.
Wherein：1- barrels to be measured, 2- gun muzzles, the projection of 3- line lasers, 4- laser line generators, 5- cylindrical lenses, 6- line lasers face,
7- plane mirrors, 8- optical filters, 9- imaging systems, 10- line array CCDs, 11- single linear CCD Signal acquiring and processings device,
Optical path system, the sides 13- optical path system, the first laser line generators of 14-, the first cylindrical lenses of 15-, 16- the below 12-
One line laser face, 17- First Lines laser projection, the first plane mirrors of 18-, the first optical filters of 19-, the first imaging systems of 20-,
The first line array CCDs of 21-, 22- synchronous circuits, the acquisition of 23- twin-line array ccd signals and processing unit, the second laser line generators of 24-, 25-
Second cylindrical lens, the second line lasers of 26- face, the projection of the second line lasers of 27-, 28- second plane mirrors, 29- second filter
Piece, the second imaging systems of 30-, the second line array CCDs of 31-, 32- vibration abatements.
Specific implementation mode
The technical solution of the invention is described in detail below with reference to attached drawing 1-7.
Herein in order to effectively illustrate the concrete function of the present invention, first to laser emitting side along single linear CCD cannon
It is constituted to vibration displacement test device and operation principle illustrates.
As shown in Figure 1, the laser emitting direction vibration displacement test device along single linear CCD cannon, in barrel 1 to be measured
Side selects a suitable position to install laser line generator 4 at gun muzzle 2, and needs are calculated in order to meet testing requirement and later stage,
In installation process the axis of laser 4 should be located in barrel axial direction horizontal plane, and with barrel radial direction vertical direction
Plane is vertical, then places a cylindrical lens 5 in the front of laser line generator 4, is used to form the triangular laser face 6 of a line style, when
When it is irradiated on barrel 1 to be measured, the light beam projecting 3 of one of high brightness can be formed on 1 surface of barrel to be measured.Then installation one is flat
Face speculum 7 is projected for the reflected beams.In orientation shown in Fig. 1, which is installed in the right side of laser line generator 4
Side, while the plane mirror 7 and barrel angled 1 so that the picture after reflection can be transmitted to imaging system 9.And
An optical filter 8 is placed between plane mirror 7 and the camera lens of imaging system 9, for filtering out available light, to reduce extraneous factor
The influence caused by measurement result.Then imaging system 9 and line array CCD 10, wherein linear array are installed successively at the rear of optical filter 8
CCD10 needs are angled with barrel, make pixel line perpendicular to the picture of line laser beam 3, this is subsequently to carry out data analysis
When, the mathematical model of data conversion between measuring coordinate value and actual coordinate value can be set up.Connect on final online battle array CCD10
Link forms acquisition, transmission and the processing that signal path realizes signal with single linear CCD Signal acquiring and processing device 11.
So far laser emitting direction vibration displacement test device just builds completion along a complete single linear CCD cannon.
When laser emitting direction vibration displacement test device works along single linear CCD cannon, laser 4 is saturating by cylinder
Mirror 5 forms the triangular laser face 6 of line style, which is irradiated on tested barrel 1, is formed in target surface highlighted together
The light beam projecting 3 of degree, the light beam projecting 3 can appear in the optical lens of imaging system 9 by the reflection of plane mirror 7
On, it is imaged on linear array CCD10 by imaging system 9 is converted.And according to the performance characteristics of line array CCD 10, when by outer
When boundary's optical signalling stimulation, illuminated position will produce corresponding signal, and then the signal will be adopted by single linear CCD signal
Collection and processing unit 11 are transmitted to host computer up, realize the acquisition of data.By the system, light beam projecting 3 can be obtained
The initial position of picture, when barrel 1 to be measured generates vibration, 2 position of gun muzzle changes so that sends out therewith 3 position of light beam projecting
Raw to change, the signal generated on corresponding line array CCD 10 also changes, and passes through single linear CCD Signal sampling and processing
Device 11 is converted to intuitive data.When due to test system building in the early stage, the placement location of test device has been manually set
And angle, therefore coordinate system can be respectively established in 10 plane of barrel 1 to be measured and line array CCD, pass through barrel 1 to be measured and linear array
Position relationship between CCD10 planes can find out the conversion mathematical model between coordinate on two coordinate systems, and then by line
The transformation of image plane coordinate value on battle array CCD10, acquires the displacement actually occurred when barrel 1 to be measured vibrates, to reach test mesh
's.
Cannon is in shooting course, and cannon mainly does horizontal, vertical direction disturbance, and the bending of barrel
It can be ignored relative to horizontal and vertical disturbance.Gun muzzle vibration can be regarded as barrel using breech as the center of circle,
Disturbance on the circle of a length of radius of barrel, therefore area array CCD can be selected to be measured as test device, and then obtain gun muzzle
Plane vibration situation.But by the performance characteristics of CCD it is recognised that line array CCD is rung compared to area array CCD with higher frequency
It answers, and in the equally long testing time, follow-up data volume to be treated to be lacked test effects that are more, therefore using line array CCD
Fruit can be more preferable.But since line array CCD can only export one-dimensional signal, line array CCD can only survey phase in the online laser plane of barrel
Movement for Laser emission direction.
Already mentioned above, gun muzzle vibration can be regarded as barrel using breech as the center of circle, on the circle of a length of radius of barrel
Disturbance, at this point, this disturbance can be decomposed in horizontal, vertical both direction, therefore in the embodiment, utilize two lines
Battle array CCD tests gun muzzle in the misalignment of horizontal and vertical directions, and a line array CCD imaging system is arranged in cannon
Side, the lower section of the cannon of another arrangement carry out time synchronization to the two, constitute twin-line array CCD and test system.
The layout of twin-line array CCD detection line laser test systems is illustrated below, since single width view can not understand
Intuitively show entire layout, therefore use the mode of three-view diagram herein, to twin-line array CCD detection line laser test systems
Space layout illustrate.It should be noted that：Front view is built on the basis of the axially vertical plane of barrel, is bowed
View is built on the basis of barrel axial direction horizontal plane, what side view was built on the basis of gun muzzle section.
Since as viewed from front view direction, side optical path system 13 is placed exactly in 1 front of barrel to be measured, if by its table
Reveal and, view can be made to seem excessively in disorder, therefore side optical path system 13 is simplified, therefore, Fig. 3 is mainly presented
The composition of lower section optical path system 12.Since lower section optical path system 12 is located at the lower section of barrel 1 to be measured, it is not easy to scheming
In show, therefore lower section optical path system 12 is simplified, the figure mainly to side optical path system 13 into
Row is introduced.It can be seen that side optical path system 13 is arranged in the side of barrel 1 to be measured, positioned at big gun as viewed from depression angle
In front of pipe.
As Figure 2-3, twin-line array CCD detection lines laser gun muzzle vibration test system, including lower section optical path system
12, side optical path system 13 and the acquisition of twin-line array ccd signal and processing unit 23；
Lower section optical path system 12 includes：First laser line generator 14, the first cylindrical lens 15, the first plane mirror
18, the first optical filter 19, the first imaging system 20, the first linear array CCD21 are arranged in immediately below barrel 1 to be measured, close to big gun
The first laser line generator 14 is installed in 2 sides of mouth, is equipped with the first cylindrical lens 15 in the top of the first laser line generator 14, First Line swashs
The laser that light device 14 emits forms First Line lasing area 16 after the first cylindrical lens 15, and is irradiated on barrel 1 to be measured, shape
At First Line laser projection 17, in this process the optical plane of line laser beam should perpendicular to the radial vertical cross-section of barrel,
First plane mirror 18 is then installed, is projected for the reflected beams.
In orientation shown in Fig. 3, the first plane mirror 18 is installed in the right side of the first laser line generator 14, while first
Plane mirror 18 and barrel 1 to be measured are angled so that the picture after reflection can be transmitted to the first imaging system 20.
First optical filter 19 is placed between the first plane mirror 18 and the camera lens of the first imaging system 20, for filtering out certainly
Right light is influenced with reducing extraneous factor caused by measurement result.Then is installed successively at the rear of the first optical filter 19
One imaging system 20 and the first linear array CCD21, the first linear array CCD21 will be with 1 angled α of barrel to be measured, while First Lines
Battle array CCD21 pixel line should perpendicular to the picture of First Line laser projection 17, this be in order to subsequently carry out data analysis when, can
Set up the mathematical model of data conversion between measuring coordinate value and actual coordinate value.
The finally connection line on the first linear array CCD21 makes it be acquired with twin-line array ccd signal and is connect with processing unit 23
Measure the acquisition and processing of signal, while the data that measure of side optical path system 13 are also by being transferred to twin-line array
Ccd signal is acquired in processing unit 23, and the wherein effect of synchronous circuit 22 is exactly to be activated to vibrate in barrel 1 to be measured
When, so that lower section optical path system 12 and side optical path system 13 is carried out at the same time test, and pass the signal along to double
In Linear Array CCD Signal acquisition and processing unit 23, and then realize the synchro measure that gun muzzle 2 vibrates.
As shown in figure 4, side optical path system 13 is flat including the second laser line generator 24, the second cylindrical lens 25, second
Face speculum 28, the second optical filter 29, the second imaging system 30, the second line array CCD 31 are arranged in 1 side of barrel to be measured.
The second laser line generator 24 is being installed close to 2 side of gun muzzle, second cylinder is installed at the rear of the second laser line generator 24
The laser of lens 25, the transmitting of the second laser line generator 24 forms the second line laser face 26 after the second cylindrical lens 25, and irradiates
Onto barrel 1 to be measured, the second line laser projection 27 is formed, the optical plane of line laser beam should be perpendicular to barrel in this process
Axial horizontal cross-section, then install second plane mirror 28, for the reflected beams project.
In orientation shown in Fig. 4, second plane mirror 28 is installed in 24 right side of the second laser line generator, while second is flat
Face speculum 28 and barrel 1 to be measured are angled so that the picture after reflection can be transmitted to the second imaging system 30, the second filter
Mating plate 29 is placed between second plane mirror 28 and the camera lens of the second imaging system 30, for filtering out available light, to reduce
Extraneous factor is influenced caused by measurement result.Then second imaging system, 30 He is installed successively at the rear of the second optical filter 29
Second line array CCD 31, the second line array CCD 31 will be with 1 angled α of barrel to be measured, while the pixel lines of the second line array CCD 31
Should perpendicular to the second line laser project 27 picture, when this is subsequently to carry out data analysis, can set up measuring coordinate value and
The mathematical model of data conversion between actual coordinate value.The finally connection line on the second line array CCD 31, makes itself and twin-line array
Ccd signal acquisition is connect with processing unit 23, carries out the acquisition and processing that measure signal, and then realizes the measurement that gun muzzle 2 vibrates.
According to line laser in gun muzzle projection, the position relationship between line array CCD imaging system and line laser plane three,
Founding mathematical models, you can acquire muzzle vibration displacement.
It is observed as shown in figure 5, looking to gun muzzle cross-wise direction, mainly shows lower section optical path system in this figure
12, the spatial relation between side optical path system 13 and barrel to be measured.It can be seen that lower section optical path system 12
Positioned at the underface of barrel 1 to be measured, side optical path system 13 is located at the front-right of barrel 1 to be measured, two systems in Figure 5
Lower section is equipped with vibration abatement 32, in case in shooting, caused earth shock impacts test result, the two and two-wire
The synchro measure that battle array ccd signal acquisition is connected with processing unit 23 in realization measurement process.
During gun vibration, misalignment of the gun muzzle 1 in laser light curtain is as shown in Figure 6.With the vertical face of barrel section
Direction is Y-axis, establishes rectangular coordinate system OXY by X-axis of barrel section horizontal direction, circle P is cannon initial position, and circle P ' is to shake
Gun muzzle position after dynamic, point J are line laser launch point, and the light curtain of transmitting is as shown in phantom in FIG., the online laser light curtain of gun muzzle
One section of light can be intercepted in region.
By the rectilinear propagation law of light it is found that line laser beam is equal to gun muzzle in the length for being projected in Y direction of gun muzzle
Diameter.Then PA is gun muzzle horizontal direction offset, and P ' A are gun muzzle vertical direction offset.When line laser light curtain region is in gun muzzle
When the overlay length at place is more than the maximum position up and down of gun muzzle vibration, it is ensured that gun muzzle is in vibration processes, on barrel always
There is complete line laser beam to project.
Gun muzzle under the premise of not considering barrel Bending Influence, can regard gun muzzle as with big gun in shooting perturbation process
Tail is origin, and gun barrel length is to do cambered surface movement on the part of radius is justified.Since the position of line laser is integrally fixed at ground
, laser line generator and line laser beam position immobilize during artillery shooting.Projection of the horizontal direction line laser on barrel
Situation is as shown in Figure 7.
Wherein PA, PA ' are two positions before and after barrel vibration, and dotted line circular arc is muzzle vibration displacement track, line laser
Beam J hands over gun barrel in B, B ' at 2 points, it is known that, the line laser beam different location front and back in gun muzzle vibration, but always in line laser
Plane where beam.During the test, the length of BP can be measured in advance, then measures the value of BB ' by test system, then level side
To dynamic firing angle can be expressed as
To realize the solution to horizontal direction dynamic firing angle, asking for vertical direction dynamic firing angle can also be similarly carried out
Solution.
This example provides a kind of test methods of gun muzzle vibration test system, specifically include：
Step 1, the installation for carrying out vibration abatement 32；
The step mainly serves for ensuring twin-line array CCD detection line laser gun muzzle vibration test systems and during the test will not
It is influenced by external shock, deviation occurs in test result；
The first laser line generator 14 is installed, for giving birth in step 2, the face position below barrel 1 to be measured close to 2 side of gun muzzle
At line laser；First cylindrical lens 15 is installed above the first laser line generator 14 for generating First Line lasing area 16, when first
Line laser face 16 can form First Line laser projection 17 when being irradiated on barrel 1 to be measured at gun muzzle 2；In the first laser line generator
The first plane mirror 18 is installed in 14 rear positions, for being reflected in the First Line laser projection 17 formed on barrel 1 to be measured；
It is formed after the reflection of first plane mirror 18 in the corresponding light path of light and the first optical filter 19 is installed；Pacify at first optical filter, 19 rear
The first imaging system 20 is filled, the first optical filter of camera lens face 19 of the first imaging system 20 is made, for the first plane mirror
The imaging of 18 reflection lights；
The first linear array CCD21 is installed at 20 rear of the first imaging system, is passed over for receiving the first imaging system 20
Picture；
In the step, it should be noted that the first linear array CCD21 need to be with the angled α of barrel, this is in order in the later stage
It prepares to measuring respective coordinates value progress numerical value conversion on coordinate value and barrel to be measured 1 on the first linear array CCD21.So far lower section
Installation is complete for optical path system 12, and topology layout is as shown in Figure 4；
Step 3, in 1 side face position of barrel to be measured, the second laser line generator 24 is installed close to 2 side of gun muzzle, for giving birth to
At line laser；The second cylindrical lens 25 is installed in 24 front of the second laser line generator, for generating the second line laser face 26, when second
Line laser face 26 can form the second line laser projection 27 at gun muzzle 2 when being irradiated on barrel 1 to be measured；
Second plane mirror 28 is installed in 24 rear suitable position of the second laser line generator, for being reflected in barrel 1 to be measured
The second line laser projection 27 of upper formation；It is formed after the reflection of second plane mirror 28 in the corresponding light path of light and installs second
The second imaging system 30 is installed at optical filter 29,29 rear of the second optical filter, make the camera lens face second of the second imaging system 30 at
As system 30, for the imaging to 28 reflection light of second plane mirror；Second is installed at 28 rear of second plane mirror
Line array CCD 31, the picture passed over for connecing the second imaging system 30；
In this step, it should be noted that the second line array CCD 31 need to be with the angled α of barrel, this is in order to rear
Respective coordinates value is measured on coordinate value and barrel to be measured 1 on the second line array CCD of phase pair 31 carry out numerical value conversion prepare so far side
Installation is complete for square optical path system 13, and topology layout is as shown in Figure 5；
Step 4 carries out the acquisition of twin-line array ccd signal and the installation of processing unit 23, by circuit by the first linear array CCD21
It acquires with twin-line array ccd signal with the second line array CCD 31 and is attached with processing unit 23；
Step 5 powers on, and is debugged to the entirely system of testing, it is made to meet presumptive test demand；Debugging was completed
Afterwards, make test system in operating status, barrel 1 to be measured is applied and is encouraged, is tested；
Step 6 is acquired to measuring signal in test process, transmits and handles, and obtains First Line laser projection respectively
17 on the first linear array CCD21 the coordinate of picture and the second line laser project the coordinate of picture on 27 second line array CCDs 31；
Step 7, the processing analysis for carrying out data measured, due to the image plane of the first linear array CCD21 and the second line array CCD 31
It all forms an angle α with barrel 1 to be measured, therefore can be each on barrel 1 to be measured, the first linear array CCD21 and the second line array CCD 31
A coordinate system is established, then will measure signal on the first linear array CCD21 and the second line array CCD 31 becomes coordinate value, then
By coordinate conversion matrix, the coordinate value on the first linear array CCD21 and the second line array CCD 31 is converted to the coordinate value of gun muzzle.
And evolution relationship of the gun muzzle in vibration processes can be obtained from Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, so as to set up big gun
Relational expression between mouthful different location coordinate value, brings the coordinate value for measuring different gun muzzle positions into relational expression, so as in the hope of
Shift value both horizontally and vertically when gun muzzle vibrates, and dynamic firing angle horizontally and vertically are obtained, into
And determine the plane vibration situation in its section of gun muzzle, realize the measurement vibrated to gun muzzle.
Above-mentioned flow, realizes the installation of right twin-line array CCD detection lines laser gun muzzle vibration test system, and then can lead to
It crosses the test system and realizes the test vibrated to gun muzzle.
Technical solution provided by the present invention is described in detail above, it will be appreciated that, these descriptions are only
Only principle and embodiment is expounded with specific example, not is used for limiting the application of patent of the present invention.The present invention
The protection domain of patent may include by appended claims in the feelings for not departing from scope of patent protection and spirit of the present invention
For various modifications, remodeling and equivalent scheme made by patent of invention under condition.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of gun muzzle vibration test system specifically includes lower section optical path system (12), side optical path system (13)
With the acquisition of twin-line array ccd signal and processing unit (23), it is characterised in that：
Lower section optical path system (12) includes the first laser line generator (14), the first cylindrical lens (15), the first plane mirror
(18), the first optical filter (19), the first imaging system (20), the first line array CCD (21)；
Lower section optical path system (12) is arranged in immediately below barrel to be measured (1), is swashed close to gun muzzle (2) side installation First Line
Light device (14) is equipped with the first cylindrical lens (15), the first laser line generator (14) transmitting above the first laser line generator (14)
Laser First Line lasing area (16) is formed after the first cylindrical lens (15), and be irradiated on barrel to be measured (1), form the
One line laser projects (17), and the optical plane of line laser beam should be perpendicular to radial vertical section of barrel to be measured in this process
The first plane mirror (18) is then installed in face, is projected for the reflected beams；
First plane mirror (18) is installed in the right side of the first laser line generator (14), at the same the first plane mirror (18) with
Barrel (1) to be measured is angled so that the picture after reflection can be transmitted to the first imaging system (20)；
First optical filter (19) is placed between the first plane mirror (18) and the camera lens of the first imaging system (20)；Then
The first imaging system (20) and the first line array CCD (21) are installed in the rear of one optical filter (19) successively, and the first line array CCD (21) is wanted
With barrel to be measured (1) angled α；
Connection line on first line array CCD (21) makes the first line array CCD (21) and the acquisition of twin-line array ccd signal and processing unit
(23) connection carries out measuring the acquisition and processing of signal, while the data that side optical path system (13) measures are also by transmission
It has arrived in the acquisition of twin-line array ccd signal and processing unit (23),
Side optical path system (13) includes：Second laser line generator (24), the second cylindrical lens (25), second plane mirror
(28), the second optical filter (29), the second imaging system (30), the second line array CCD (31)；
Wherein：The second laser line generator (24) is being installed close to gun muzzle (2) side, the installation the at the rear of the second laser line generator (24)
The laser of two cylindrical lenses (25), the second laser line generator (24) transmitting forms the second line laser afterwards across the second cylindrical lens (25)
Face (26), and be irradiated on barrel to be measured (1), the second line laser projection (27) is formed, in this process the light of line laser beam
Plane should then install second plane mirror (28) perpendicular to the axial horizontal cross-section of barrel to be measured, be used for the reflected beams
Projection；
Second plane mirror (28) is installed on the right side of the second laser line generator (24), at the same second plane mirror (28) with wait for
It is angled to survey barrel (1) so that the picture after reflection can be transmitted to the second imaging system (30), and the second optical filter (29) is put
It sets between second plane mirror (28) and the camera lens of the second imaging system (30), for filtering out available light, to reduce the external world
Factor is influenced caused by measurement result；Then the rear of the second optical filter (29) install successively the second imaging system (30) and
Second line array CCD (31), the second line array CCD (31) will be with barrel to be measured (1) angled α；
Connection line on second line array CCD (31) makes it be acquired with twin-line array ccd signal and is connect with processing unit (23), carried out
The acquisition and processing of signal are measured, and then realizes the measurement that gun muzzle (2) vibrates.
2. gun muzzle vibration test system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Further include synchronous circuit (22), makees
Be exactly when barrel to be measured (1) is activated to vibrate, make below optical path system (12) and side optical path system
System (13) can be carried out at the same time test, and pass the signal along in the acquisition of twin-line array ccd signal and processing unit (23), Jin Ershi
The synchro measure of existing gun muzzle (2) vibration.
3. a kind of test method of gun muzzle vibration test system, it is characterised in that：It specifically includes：
Step 1, the installation for carrying out vibration abatement (32)；
Step 2, the face position below barrel to be measured (1) are installed the first laser line generator (14) close to gun muzzle (2) side, are used for
Generate line laser；The first cylindrical lens of installation (15) is for generating First Line lasing area above the first laser line generator (14)
(16), First Line laser projection can be formed at gun muzzle (2) when First Line lasing area (16) is irradiated on barrel to be measured (1)
(17)；The first plane mirror (18) is installed in the first laser line generator (14) rear position, for being reflected in barrel to be measured (1)
The First Line laser projection (17) of formation；It is formed in the corresponding light path of light after the first plane mirror (18) reflection and installs the
One optical filter (19)；The first imaging system (20) is installed at first optical filter (19) rear, makes the camera lens of the first imaging system (20)
The first optical filter of face (19), for the imaging to the first plane mirror (18) reflection light；In the first imaging system (20)
The first line array CCD (21) is installed at rear, for receiving the picture that the first imaging system (20) passes over；First line array CCD (21)
It need to be with the angled α of barrel to be measured；
Step 3 is used in barrel to be measured (1) side face position close to gun muzzle (2) side the second laser line generator of installation (24)
Generate line laser；The second cylindrical lens of installation (25) in front of the second laser line generator (24), for generating the second line laser face
(26), the projection of the second line laser can be formed at gun muzzle (2) when the second line laser face (26) is irradiated on barrel to be measured (1)
(27)；The suitable position installation second plane mirror (28) at the second laser line generator (24) rear, for being reflected in barrel to be measured
(1) the second line laser projection (27) formed on；It is formed after second plane mirror (28) reflection in the corresponding light path of light
Second optical filter (29) is installed, the second optical filter (29) rear installs the second imaging system (30), makes the second imaging system (30)
The second imaging system of camera lens face (30), for imaging to second plane mirror (28) reflection light；In the second plane
The second line array CCD (31) is installed at speculum (28) rear, for receiving the picture that the second imaging system (30) passes over；Second line
Battle array CCD (31) need to be with the angled α of barrel to be measured；
Step 4 carries out the acquisition of twin-line array ccd signal and the installation of processing unit (23), by circuit by the first line array CCD (21)
It acquires with twin-line array ccd signal with the second line array CCD (31) and is attached with processing unit (23)；
Step 5 powers on, and is debugged to the entirely system of testing, it is made to meet presumptive test demand；After debugging is completed,
Keep test system in operating status, barrel to be measured (1) is applied and is encouraged, is tested；
Step 6 is acquired to measuring signal in test process, transmits and handles, and obtains First Line laser projection (17) respectively
The coordinate of the coordinate of picture and the second line laser projection (27) picture on the second line array CCD (31) on the first line array CCD (21)；
Step 7, the processing analysis for carrying out data measured, the image plane of the first line array CCD (21) and the second line array CCD (31) with wait for
It surveys barrel (1) all to form an angle α, each foundation on barrel to be measured (1), the first line array CCD (21) and the second line array CCD (31)
One coordinate system, then will measure signal on the first line array CCD (21) and the second line array CCD (31) becomes coordinate value, then
By coordinate conversion matrix, the coordinate value on the first line array CCD (21) and the second line array CCD (31) is converted to the coordinate of gun muzzle
Value.
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| CN107908926B (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2021-09-03 | 中国人民解放军63850部队 | Method for determining damage probability of antiaircraft gun with correlation of projectile distribution |
| CN111150175A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-05-15 | 新拓三维技术(深圳)有限公司 | Method, device and system for three-dimensional scanning of feet |
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