CN107216631A - 一种输变电线路用绝缘层 - Google Patents
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
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- GNOIPBMMFNIUFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylphosphoric triamide Chemical compound CN(C)P(=O)(N(C)C)N(C)C GNOIPBMMFNIUFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- APTZNLHMIGJTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyraflufen-ethyl Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OCC(=O)OCC)=CC(C=2C(=C(OC(F)F)N(C)N=2)Cl)=C1F APTZNLHMIGJTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种输变电线路用绝缘层,包括以下按重量份的原料:硅橡胶5‑15份;异戊橡胶6‑15份;矿质胶15‑20份;氯化聚醚2‑5份;聚碳酸酯15‑40份;乙烯‑醋酸乙烯共聚物1‑3份;ABS塑料15‑20份;磺基丁二酸钠二辛酯4‑10份;一氧化铅2‑4份;石墨粉1‑3份;松香1‑3份;环氧脂肪酸辛酯2‑5份;聚二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵2‑4份;六次甲基四胺10‑15份;阻燃剂5‑15份;偶联剂1‑4份;填料5‑10份。本发明提供的输变电线用绝缘层机械性能、耐击穿性、耐热性等性能优良。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及输变电线路保护技术领域,具体涉及一种输变电线路用绝缘层。
背景技术
输变电,是电厂向电网输电,它是将低电压升高(如50万伏)进行远离输电,同样的功率电压越高电流越小,电流小在线路上的损耗小。一般在电力行业中35kV~1000kV称为输变电,输变电的电力电缆由单股或多股导线和绝缘层组成,用来连接电路、电器等。传统的电缆由于材料搭配的不合适,击穿强度不是很高,在实际的使用过程中,存在着大气过电压,即雷击或感应过电压以及雷电波侵入,或者操作过电压即系统谐振和小电流接地系统单相接地引起的电压升高,使得电缆线击穿,形成短路,从而产生很大的电流,短时间内就会烧坏线路和设备,后果较为严重。除此之外现有的电力电缆绝缘层的耐热性能不能满足要求。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有技术的问题,提供一种综合性能良好的输变电线路用绝缘层。
为了达到上述目的,本发明通过以下技术方案来实现的:
一种输变电线路用绝缘层,包括以下按重量份的原料:
硅橡胶5-15份;
异戊橡胶6-15份;
矿质胶15-20份;
氯化聚醚2-5份;
聚碳酸酯15-40份;
乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物1-3份;
ABS塑料15-20份;
磺基丁二酸钠二辛酯4-10份;
一氧化铅2-4份;
石墨粉1-3份;
松香1-3份;
环氧脂肪酸辛酯2-5份;
聚二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵2-4份;
六次甲基四胺10-15份;
阻燃剂5-15份;
偶联剂1-4份;
填料5-10份。
进一步地,所述填料由滑石粉、硅藻土和木粉组成,所述滑石粉、硅藻土和木粉的质量比例为2:2:1。
进一步地,所述阻燃剂为红磷、氢氧化镁和改性酚醛树脂的混合物,所述红磷、氢氧化镁和改性酚醛树脂的质量比为15:4:12。
进一步地,所述改性酚醛树脂的制备方法为:
(1)称取浓度为95%苯酚、38%的甲醛及24%的氢氧化钠溶液,三者的摩尔比为1∶2∶1;
(2)将氢氧化钠溶液与苯酚混合并在30-40℃的环境下保温25min,然后加入甲醛,升温至70-80℃保温30-35min;
(3)向得到步骤(2)得到的溶液中加入相当于苯酚重量1%的双酚A型环氧树脂、0.2%的聚二甲基硅氧烷,在温度为95℃回流45-55min,降温得到改性酚醛树脂。
进一步地,所述硅橡胶为甲基乙烯基硅橡胶。
进一步地,所述绝缘层还包括以下按重量份的原料:
抗氧剂0.1-0.2份;
紫外线吸收剂0.1-0.2份。
进一步地,所述抗氧剂为2,6-三级丁基-4-甲基苯酚与硫代二丙酸双酯的混合物,所述6-三级丁基-4-甲基苯酚与硫代二丙酸双酯的质量比为3:1。
进一步地,所述紫外线吸收剂由六甲基磷酰三胺制成。
本发明与现有技术相比,具有如下的有益效果:
采用聚碳酸酯,使绝缘层在较宽的温、湿度范围内具有良好而恒定的电绝缘性,是优良的绝缘材料。同时,使用聚碳酸酯使绝缘层还具有良好的难燃性、抗冲击、抗热畸变和耐紫外线辐射等性能。聚二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵与磺基丁二酸钠二辛酯复合使用,可大大提高绝缘层的耐击穿性能;石墨粉能够改变绝缘层材料的韧性,抗拉以及抗压性能增强。松香可增加初黏性,提高粘接强度。异戊橡胶是由异戊二烯合成的一种橡胶,最接近天然橡胶,而耐水性,电绝缘性超过天然橡胶,抗撕裂强度和耐疲劳性优良;氯化聚醚具有良好的耐腐蚀性;甲基乙烯基硅橡胶具有耐高、低温性,可在-50-250℃下长期工作,电绝缘性,耐电弧,电晕性优良,同时具有耐老化、耐臭氧性和表面不粘性。改性酚醛树脂与红磷、氢氧化镁结合使用,提高绝缘层的抗燃性,起到阻止绝缘层被引燃和抑制火焰的传播的目的;2,6-三级丁基-4-甲基苯酚为受阻酚类抗氧剂,硫代二丙酸双酯为辅助抗氧剂,二者并用可显著延缓或抑制绝缘层氧化过程的进行,从而阻止绝缘层的老化并延长其使用寿命;六甲基磷酰三胺具有广泛的紫外线吸收特性,挥发性低,无毒,与抗氧剂并用有优质的协同效应,可提高绝缘层的耐候性和热氧稳定性。由此可见,本发明提供的输变电线用绝缘层机械性能、耐击穿、耐热性等性能优良。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1
一种输变电线路用绝缘层,包括以下按重量份的原料:
聚碳酸酯15克;
乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物1克;
ABS塑料15克;
磺基丁二酸钠二辛酯4克;
一氧化铅2克;
石墨粉1克;
松香1克;
异戊橡胶6克;
矿质胶15克;
甲基乙烯基硅橡胶5克;
氯化聚醚2克;
环氧脂肪酸辛酯2克;
聚二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵2克;
六次甲基四胺10克;
阻燃剂5克;
偶联剂1克;
滑石粉2克;
硅藻土2克;
木粉1克;
6-三级丁基-4-甲基苯酚0.075克;
硫代二丙酸双酯0.025克;
六甲基磷酰三胺0.1克。
上述阻燃剂为红磷、氢氧化镁和改性酚醛树脂的混合物,且红磷、氢氧化镁和改性酚醛树脂的质量比为15:4:12。
其中,改性酚醛树脂的制备方法为:
(1)称取浓度为95%苯酚、38%的甲醛及24%的氢氧化钠溶液,三者的摩尔比为1∶2∶1;
(2)将氢氧化钠溶液与苯酚混合并在30-40℃的环境下保温25min,然后加入甲醛,升温至70℃保温35min;
(3)向得到步骤(2)得到的溶液中加入相当于苯酚重量1%的双酚A型环氧树脂、0.2%的聚二甲基硅氧烷,在温度为95℃回流45min,降温得到改性酚醛树脂。
采用聚碳酸酯,使绝缘层在较宽的温、湿度范围内具有良好而恒定的电绝缘性,是优良的绝缘材料。同时,使用聚碳酸酯使绝缘层还具有良好的难燃性、抗冲击、抗热畸变和耐紫外线辐射等性能。聚二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵与磺基丁二酸钠二辛酯复合使用,可大大提高绝缘层的耐击穿性能;石墨粉能够改变绝缘层材料的韧性,抗拉以及抗压性能增强。松香可增加初黏性,提高粘接强度。异戊橡胶是由异戊二烯合成的一种橡胶,最接近天然橡胶,而耐水性,电绝缘性超过天然橡胶,抗撕裂强度和耐疲劳性优良;氯化聚醚具有良好的耐腐蚀性;甲基乙烯基硅橡胶具有耐高、低温性,可在-50-250℃下长期工作,电绝缘性,耐电弧,电晕性优良,同时具有耐老化、耐臭氧性和表面不粘性。改性酚醛树脂与红磷、氢氧化镁结合使用,提高绝缘层的抗燃性,起到阻止绝缘层被引燃和抑制火焰的传播的目的;2,6-三级丁基-4-甲基苯酚为受阻酚类抗氧剂,硫代二丙酸双酯为辅助抗氧剂,二者并用可显著延缓或抑制绝缘层氧化过程的进行,从而阻止绝缘层的老化并延长其使用寿命;六甲基磷酰三胺具有广泛的紫外线吸收特性,挥发性低,无毒,与抗氧剂并用有优质的协同效应,可提高绝缘层的耐候性和热氧稳定性。由此可见,本发明提供的输变电线用绝缘层机械性能、耐击穿、耐热性等性能优良。
实施例2
一种输变电线路用绝缘层,包括以下按重量份的原料:
聚碳酸酯40克;
乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物3克;
ABS塑料20克;
磺基丁二酸钠二辛酯10克;
一氧化铅4克;
石墨粉3克;
松香3克;
异戊橡胶15克;
矿质胶20克;
甲基乙烯基硅橡胶15克;
氯化聚醚5克;
环氧脂肪酸辛酯5克;
聚二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵4克;
六次甲基四胺15克;
阻燃剂15克;
偶联剂4克;
滑石粉4克;
硅藻土4克;
木粉2克;
2,6-三级丁基-4-甲基苯酚0.15克;
硫代二丙酸双酯0.05克;
六甲基磷酰三胺0.2份克。
上述阻燃剂为红磷、氢氧化镁和改性酚醛树脂的混合物,所述红磷、氢氧化镁和改性酚醛树脂的质量比为15:4:12。
其中,改性酚醛树脂的制备方法为:
(1)称取浓度为95%苯酚、38%的甲醛及24%的氢氧化钠溶液,三者的摩尔比为1∶2∶1;
(2)将氢氧化钠溶液与苯酚混合并在40℃的环境下保温25min,然后加入甲醛,升温至780℃保温30min;
(3)向得到步骤(2)得到的溶液中加入相当于苯酚重量1%的双酚A型环氧树脂、0.2%的聚二甲基硅氧烷,在温度为95℃回流55min,降温得到改性酚醛树脂。
实施例3
一种输变电线路用绝缘层,包括以下按重量份的原料:
聚碳酸酯30克;
乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物2克;
ABS塑料17克;
磺基丁二酸钠二辛酯7克;
一氧化铅3克;
石墨粉2克;
松香2克;
异戊橡胶10克;
矿质胶18克;
甲基乙烯基硅橡胶10克;
氯化聚醚4克;
环氧脂肪酸辛酯4克;
聚二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵3克;
六次甲基四胺12克;
阻燃剂10克;
偶联剂2克;
滑石粉3克;
硅藻土3克;
木粉1.5克;
2,6-三级丁基-4-甲基苯酚0.1克;
硫代二丙酸双酯0.05克;
六甲基磷酰三胺0.15克。
上述阻燃剂为红磷、氢氧化镁和改性酚醛树脂的混合物,所述红磷、氢氧化镁和改性酚醛树脂的质量比为15:4:12。
其中,改性酚醛树脂的制备方法为:
(1)称取浓度为95%苯酚、38%的甲醛及24%的氢氧化钠溶液,三者的摩尔比为1∶2∶1;
(2)将氢氧化钠溶液与苯酚混合并在30-40℃的环境下保温25min,然后加入甲醛,升温至75℃保温32min;
(3)向得到步骤(2)得到的溶液中加入相当于苯酚重量1%的双酚A型环氧树脂、0.2%的聚二甲基硅氧烷,在温度为95℃回流50min,降温得到改性酚醛树脂。
实施例4
将本发明提供的绝缘层经过测试,其主要参数如下表1所示:
表1
上述参数确保了其具有优良的绝缘性能及机械性能,使本发明的电缆能够传输500~1000KV的电力。
将本发明提供的绝缘层做耐腐蚀性实验,该绝缘层的规格为80mm×100mm×4mm,将该绝缘层横向切开,进行喷洒试验,所用试剂为浓度为50%的氯化钠溶液,试验时间400小时,结果如表2所示:
表2
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种输变电线路用绝缘层,其特征在于,包括以下按重量份的原料:
硅橡胶5-15份;
异戊橡胶6-15份;
矿质胶15-20份;
氯化聚醚2-5份;
聚碳酸酯15-40份;
乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物1-3份;
ABS塑料15-20份;
磺基丁二酸钠二辛酯4-10份;
一氧化铅2-4份;
石墨粉1-3份;
松香1-3份;
环氧脂肪酸辛酯2-5份;
聚二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵2-4份;
六次甲基四胺10-15份;
阻燃剂5-15份;
偶联剂1-4份;
填料5-10份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种输变电线路用绝缘层,其特征在于,所述填料由滑石粉、硅藻土和木粉组成,所述滑石粉、硅藻土和木粉的质量比例为2:2:1。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种输变电线路用绝缘层,其特征在于,所述阻燃剂为红磷、氢氧化镁和改性酚醛树脂的混合物,所述红磷、氢氧化镁和改性酚醛树脂的质量比为15:4:12。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种输变电线路用绝缘层,其特征在于,所述改性酚醛树脂的制备方法为:
(1)称取浓度为95%苯酚、38%的甲醛及24%的氢氧化钠溶液,三者的摩尔比为1∶2∶1;
(2)将氢氧化钠溶液与苯酚混合并在30-40℃的环境下保温25min,然后加入甲醛,升温至70-80℃保温30-35min;
(3)向得到步骤(2)得到的溶液中加入相当于苯酚重量1%的双酚A型环氧树脂、0.2%的聚二甲基硅氧烷,在温度为95℃回流45-55min,降温得到改性酚醛树脂。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种输变电线路用绝缘层,其特征在于,所述硅橡胶为甲基乙烯基硅橡胶。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种输变电线路用绝缘层,其特征在于,所述绝缘层还包括以下按重量份的原料:
抗氧剂0.1-0.2份;
紫外线吸收剂0.1-0.2份。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种输变电线路用绝缘层,其特征在于,所述抗氧剂为2,6-三级丁基-4-甲基苯酚与硫代二丙酸双酯的混合物,所述6-三级丁基-4-甲基苯酚与硫代二丙酸双酯的质量比为3:1。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种输变电线路用绝缘层,其特征在于,所述 紫外线吸收剂由六甲基磷酰三胺制成。
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CN105778422A (zh) * | 2016-04-13 | 2016-07-20 | 苏州锦腾电子科技有限公司 | 一种特高压绝缘材料及其制备方法 |
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CN102585470A (zh) * | 2011-01-13 | 2012-07-18 | 合肥杰事杰新材料股份有限公司 | 一种绝缘导热玻纤增强的pc/abs合金材料及其制备方法 |
CN105778422A (zh) * | 2016-04-13 | 2016-07-20 | 苏州锦腾电子科技有限公司 | 一种特高压绝缘材料及其制备方法 |
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