CN107213782B - Composite biological filler for treating insoluble VOCs (volatile organic compounds) and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Composite biological filler for treating insoluble VOCs (volatile organic compounds) and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a composite biological filler for treating insoluble VOCs (volatile organic compounds) and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of waste gas treatment. The composite biological filler is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 14-20% of fiber material, 25-35% of polymer plastic material, 25-40% of porous inorganic material, 10-20% of organic matter, 2-10% of cementing substance and 1-2% of efficient functional bacteria; the invention also provides a preparation method of the composite biological filler, and the composite biological filler is obtained by performing solid fermentation, mixing, stirring and shaping on the raw materials. The composite biological filler has light weight, high mechanical strength and low possibility of decay, obviously reduces the risk of compaction due to long-term use, prolongs the service life, has good water retention property, omits the input cost and the labor cost caused by supplementing nutrient solution, and maintains the activity of microorganisms in the filler under the long-term shutdown condition; inoculation training is not needed, the starting is fast, and the treatment efficiency is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of waste gas treatment, in particular to a composite biological filler for treating insoluble VOCs and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) are mainly produced in petrochemical industry, synthetic materials, coatings, pharmacy, enameled wire production, printed circuit boards and the like, are various (including aromatic hydrocarbons, esters, aldehydes, phenols and the like), are mostly toxic and partially carcinogenic, seriously pollute the environment and harm human health. With the progress of society and the improvement of living standard of people, people have stronger and stronger environmental protection consciousness, relevant policies and regulations about VOCs emission standards are also put out one after another, and new controlled indexes are added to the policies, regulations and standards to tighten the emission limit; therefore, the existing insoluble VOCs waste gas treatment technology needs to be modified and upgraded to meet the requirement of new emission standards.
The biological filtration technology is the most widely applied VOCs waste gas treatment technology, while the biological filler is the core part of waste gas treatment, and the quality of the filler performance directly influences the waste gas treatment effect, the investment cost and the operation cost. At present, the biological filler for treating waste gas pollution by using a biological filtration technology mainly comprises an inorganic filler and an organic filler, wherein the inorganic filler mainly comprises volcanic rock, ceramics, cinder, perlite, pall ring, raschig ring and the like, and has the advantages of light weight, firmness, difficulty in compaction and the like, but because the inorganic filler has poor water-retaining property and does not contain nutrients and the like required by the growth of microorganisms, nutrient substances and a pH regulator need to be additionally supplemented regularly in the operation process, so that the operation cost is increased, and the process is complex; the organic fillers mainly comprise sawdust, turf, organic fertilizer, barks and the like, but the fillers are not high in mechanical strength, so that the filler layers are hardened and blocked in the using process, the running resistance is increased, and the fillers need to be replaced frequently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a composite biological filler for treating slightly soluble VOCs (volatile organic compounds) and a preparation method thereof, and solves the problems that in the prior art, inorganic fillers are poor in water retention property, nutrient substances and pH regulators need to be supplemented regularly, so that the inorganic fillers are high in cost and complex in process, and organic fillers are low in strength and easy to harden and block.
The invention relates to a composite biological filler for treating insoluble VOCs, which adopts the technical scheme that: the feed additive is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 14-20% of fiber material, 25-35% of polymer plastic material, 25-40% of porous inorganic material, 10-20% of organic matter, 2-10% of cementing substance and 1-2% of efficient functional bacteria.
The polymer synthetic plastic material adopted by the invention has the characteristics of light weight, high mechanical strength, no decay, enough space maintenance with other materials and the like, so that the obtained composite biological filler obviously reduces the problem of compaction caused by long-term use and prolongs the service life; according to the invention, organic matters are added into the composite biological filler, so that a fixed place is provided for microorganisms, nutrients can be provided for the growth of the microorganisms, certain moisture can be kept, the input cost and labor cost brought by nutrient solution supplement are saved, and the activity of the microorganisms in the filler can be maintained under the condition of long-term shutdown; the invention also adds high-efficiency functional bacteria in the composite biological filler, and the bacteria can ensure that the bioreactor does not need to be inoculated and trained after the filler is installed, thereby reducing the trouble of starting the bioreactor in the later period, greatly shortening the time required by the equipment to achieve the expected effect, and having the advantages of quick start, convenient use and high treatment efficiency.
As a preferred embodiment, the particle size of the composite biological filler is 20-30 mm, and the bulk density is 700-900 Kg/m3The porosity is 50-60%, the water content of the composite biological filler is more than 30%, and the total number of bacterial colonies of the composite biological filler is more than 1 × 106CFU/mL. The composite biological filler has large specific surface area and sufficient microorganism attachment space, and reduces the problems of wind resistance and filler blockage caused by rapid growth of microorganisms.
As a preferable embodiment, the high-efficiency functional bacteria are high-efficiency degradation complex microbial inoculum with short rod shape and long chain shape, and the high-efficiency functional bacteria are any one of sulfur oxidizing bacteria, bacillus, mould or pseudomonas. The bacillus, the mould or the pseudomonas are VOCs degrading bacteria, the sulfur oxidizing bacteria and the VOCs degrading bacteria can be adopted, and proper strain combination is selected according to different types of characteristic pollutants, so that the quick start of a biological system is facilitated, and the standard reaching time of the device is greatly shortened.
In a preferred embodiment, the cementing substance is one or more of silicate inorganic gel, cement, gypsum, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and bentonite. The cementing substance is not decomposed by microorganisms, and has good gluing effect.
As a preferred embodiment, the fiber material is any one or more of coconut fiber, palm fiber and bamboo fiber, the polymer plastic material is any one or more of polyethylene, polypropylene and polyamide, the porous inorganic material is any one or more of volcanic rock, perlite, diatomite, bamboo charcoal and coal cinder, and the organic matter is any one or more of activated sludge, grass carbon, wood dust, crushed straw and organic compost. The fiber, the sawdust and the activated sludge are easy to obtain and low in price, the turf and the coconut palm are rich in nutrition and strong in water retention, the investment of running cost can be reduced, the high polymer plastic material is not easy to be extruded and deformed, and the waste gas is uniform in overflowing.
In a preferred embodiment, the polymer plastic material is any one of a sphere, a square and a spiral, the size of the polymer plastic material is 20-30 mm, the particle size of the porous inorganic material is 10-20 meshes, and the sludge is activated sludge of a municipal sewage treatment plant. The invention can directly prepare the composite biological filler by adopting the activated sludge of the municipal sewage plant as the raw material, has easy material acquisition and low cost, and realizes the resource utilization of the solid waste. The use of the high polymer material can lead the waste gas to flow uniformly and reduce the pressure drop; the porous inorganic filler has good air permeability and water retention property, and further improves the performance of the composite biological filler.
The invention discloses a preparation method of a composite biological filler for treating insoluble VOCs (volatile organic compounds), which adopts the technical scheme that: the method comprises the following steps: 1) taking high-efficiency functional bacteria, organic matters and cementing substances, performing solid fermentation under the conditions of ventilation, humidity and sufficient oxygen for 20-40 days to obtain aggregate, wherein the using amount of the cementing substances is 25-35% of the total amount of the cementing substances; 2) mixing and stirring a porous inorganic material, a fiber material and a cementing substance in a roller forming machine, wherein the stirring speed is 40-60 r/min, the mixing time is 1-5 min, and the dosage of the cementing substance is 30-70% of the total amount of the cementing substance; 3) putting a high molecular plastic material, the aggregate obtained in the step 1) and the rest cementing material into a roller forming machine, adding water while stirring, wherein the water spraying amount is 40-60% of the raw materials, the rotating speed is 40-60 r/min, and the time is 5-15 min, so as to obtain a primary finished product of the composite biological filler; 4) placing the primary finished product obtained in the step 3) on a high-frequency oscillator, oscillating, shaping and screening to obtain a finished product.
The composite biological filler is obtained by performing solid fermentation, mixing and stirring and roller shaping on raw materials, adopts a pyrolysis-free process on a preparation process, ensures the content of organic matters in the activated sludge, ensures the activity of high-efficiency functional strains, has mild reaction conditions, simple process route, less equipment investment, low energy consumption, less pollution and convenient operation, and is easy to realize industrialization; the production process can be completely in flow line operation, and the efficiency is high; and the obtained biological filler has high mechanical strength, is more compact and prolongs the service life.
As a preferred embodiment, the roller forming machine is a horizontal roller forming machine, the roller forming machine comprises a roller, a feeding hole is formed in one end of the roller, a discharging hole is formed in the other end of the roller, a shielding plate is arranged in the roller in a spiral mode, and an included angle between the shielding plate and the surface of the roller is 15-45 degrees. The direction of discharge gate is passed through to the direction of shielding plate along the direction of feed inlet spiral gradually, on the one hand, has made things convenient for the roll shaping of material in the cylinder, and on the other hand has avoided the cylinder to be thrown away at high-speed moving in-process material, makes the roll shaping of material homodisperse in the cylinder, avoids the material to pile up, and the shaping is effectual.
As a preferred embodiment, the high frequency vibrates the appearance including vibrating the motor, it is connected with the screen cloth to vibrate the motor, the screen cloth is the slope setting, the inclination of screen cloth is 5~10 degrees, be equipped with the sieve mesh of rectangular shape setting on the screen cloth. The in-process that the high frequency vibrates the appearance is vibrating, has not only accomplished the screening of just finished product, has still accomplished the further design of just finished product, makes gained finished product structure compacter, and the diameter of sieve mesh slightly is less than the diameter of polymer plastic material, and the crushed aggregates that the design in-process of being convenient for produced obtains the screening, and moreover, the screen cloth that this kind of slope set up has made things convenient for the off-the-shelf ejection of compact, and it is very convenient to operate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the polymer synthetic plastic material adopted by the invention has the characteristics of light weight, high mechanical strength, no decay, enough space maintenance with other materials and the like, so that the risk of compaction caused by long-term use of the obtained composite biological filler is obviously reduced, and the service life is prolonged; according to the invention, organic matters are added into the composite biological filler, so that a fixed place is provided for microorganisms, nutrients can be provided for the growth of the microorganisms, certain moisture can be kept, the input cost and labor cost brought by nutrient solution supplement are saved, and the activity of the microorganisms in the filler can be maintained under the condition of long-term shutdown; the invention also adds high-efficiency functional bacteria in the composite biological filler, and the bacteria can ensure that the bioreactor does not need to be inoculated and trained after the filler is installed, thereby reducing the trouble of starting the bioreactor in the later period, greatly shortening the time required by the equipment to achieve the expected effect, and having the advantages of quick start, convenient use and high treatment efficiency. The composite biological filler is prepared by adopting a pyrolysis-free process, so that the content of organic matters in the activated sludge is ensured, the activity of high-efficiency functional strains is ensured, the reaction condition is mild, the process route is simple, the equipment investment is low, the energy consumption is low, the pollution is low, the operation is convenient, and the industrialization is easy to realize.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the change of the starting time of biofilm formation and the xylene removal efficiency of the composite biological filler of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a curve of pH variation with time during the biofilm formation process of the composite biological filler of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the total number of colonies of the composite biological filler of the present invention changing with time during the biofilm formation process;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the composite biological filler of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a drum forming machine according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view of the high-frequency oscillator of the present invention;
in the figure: the solid is a curve of the change of the xylene removal rate in the process of film formation of the composite biological filler; tangle-solidup is a characteristic pollutant xylene intake concentration change curve in the composite biological filler biofilm formation process; ● is the change curve of the total number of bacterial colonies with time in the process of film formation of the composite biological filler; a-a plastic support frame; b-biological filler; 1-a feed inlet; 2-fixed end; 3-a roller; 4-a shielding plate; 5-a discharge hole; 6-lifting support legs; 7-a movable wheel; 8-reinforcing the support frame; 9-oscillating motor; 10-a transmission mechanism; 11-a screen mesh; 12-discharge hole.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention relates to a composite biological filler for treating slightly soluble VOCs, which is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 14-20% of fiber material, 25-35% of polymer plastic material, 25-40% of porous inorganic material, 10-20% of organic matter, 2-10% of cementing substance and 1-2% of efficient functional bacteria.
Preferably, the particle size of the composite biological filler is 20-30 mm, and the bulk density is 700-900 Kg/m3The porosity is 50-60%, the water content of the composite biological filler is more than 30%, and the total number of bacterial colonies of the composite biological filler is more than 1 × 106CFU/mL。
Specifically, the high-efficiency functional bacteria are short-rod-shaped and long-chain-shaped high-efficiency degradation composite microbial agents, and the high-efficiency functional bacteria are any one of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, bacillus, mould or pseudomonas.
Further, the cementing substance is one or more of silicate inorganic gel, cement, gypsum, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and bentonite.
More specifically, the fiber material is any one or more of coconut shell fiber, palm fiber and bamboo fiber, the polymer plastic material is any one or more of polyethylene, polypropylene and polyamide, the porous inorganic material is any one or more of volcanic rock, perlite, diatomite, bamboo charcoal and coal cinder, and the organic matter is any one or more of activated sludge, grass carbon, wood dust, crushed straw and organic compost.
Furthermore, the polymer plastic material is any one of spherical, square and spiral, the size of the polymer plastic material is 20-30 mm, the particle size of the porous inorganic material is 10-20 meshes, and the sludge is activated sludge of an urban sewage treatment plant.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a composite biological filler for treating slightly soluble VOCs (volatile organic compounds), which comprises the following steps: 1) taking high-efficiency functional bacteria, organic matters and cementing substances, performing solid fermentation under the conditions of ventilation, humidity and sufficient oxygen for 20-40 days to obtain aggregate, wherein the using amount of the cementing substances is 25-35% of the total amount of the cementing substances; 2) mixing and stirring a porous inorganic material, a fiber material and a cementing substance in a roller forming machine, wherein the stirring speed is 40-60 r/min, the mixing time is 1-5 min, and the dosage of the cementing substance is 30-70% of the total amount of the cementing substance; 3) putting a high molecular plastic material, the aggregate obtained in the step 1) and the rest cementing material into a roller forming machine, adding water while stirring, wherein the water spraying amount is 40-60% of the raw materials, the rotating speed is 40-60 r/min, and the time is 5-15 min, so as to obtain a primary finished product of the composite biological filler; 4) placing the primary finished product obtained in the step 3) on a high-frequency oscillator, oscillating, shaping and screening to obtain a finished product.
Further, the roller forming machine is a horizontal roller forming machine and comprises a roller, a feed inlet is formed in one end of the roller, a discharge outlet is formed in the other end of the roller, a shielding plate is spirally arranged inside the roller, and an included angle formed between the shielding plate and the surface of the roller is 15-45 degrees.
Preferably, the high frequency vibrates the appearance including vibrating the motor, it is connected with the screen cloth to vibrate the motor, the screen cloth is the slope setting, the inclination of screen cloth is 5~10 degrees, be equipped with the sieve mesh of rectangular shape setting on the screen cloth.
Example one
The invention relates to a preparation method of a composite biological filler for treating slightly soluble VOCs (volatile organic compounds), which comprises the following steps:
1) weighing raw materials: weighing 14% of coconut fiber, 35% of polypropylene plastic hollow spheres, 30% of perlite, 15% of turf powder, 2% of wheat bran, 2% of bentonite and 2% of a high-efficiency functional degradation bacterium preparation according to the mass fraction, wherein the high-efficiency degradation bacterium preparation can be one or more of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria and VOCs degradation bacteria;
2) uniformly mixing the grass carbon powder, the wheat bran, the high-efficiency functional bacteria and part of bentonite, performing solid fermentation under the conditions of humidity, ventilation and sufficient oxygen, and culturing for 20 days to obtain aggregate, wherein the using amount of the bentonite is 30% of the total amount of the weighed bentonite, namely 0.6% of the total amount of the raw materials;
3) putting perlite, coconut fiber and partial bentonite into a horizontal roller forming machine with a spiral baffle plate, and mixing at a rotating speed of 40r/min for 1min, wherein the using amount of the bentonite is 50% of the total amount of the weighed bentonite, namely 1.0% of the total amount of the raw materials;
4) putting the polypropylene plastic hollow spheres, the aggregate and the rest bentonite (the amount of the bentonite is 0.4 percent of the total amount of the raw materials) into a roller forming machine, adding water while stirring, uniformly mixing for 15min at the rotating speed of 40r/min, wherein the water spraying amount is 40 percent of the total amount of the raw materials;
5) and (3) placing the primary finished product on a high-frequency oscillator, and screening out redundant bulk materials under the oscillation action of the oscillator to obtain a final product which is more compact and has higher mechanical strength.
Example two
The invention relates to a preparation method of a composite biological filler for treating slightly soluble VOCs (volatile organic compounds), which comprises the following steps:
1) weighing raw materials: weighing 16.5% of bamboo fiber, 27.5% of polyamide spiral particles, 25% of bamboo charcoal, 17.5% of sawdust, 2.5% of organic compost, 10% of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and 1% of high-efficiency functional degradation bacterial preparation according to the mass fraction, wherein the high-efficiency degradation bacterial preparation is sulfur oxidizing bacteria;
2) uniformly mixing sawdust, organic compost, high-efficiency functional bacteria and part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, performing solid fermentation under the conditions of humidity, ventilation and sufficient oxygen, and culturing for 40 days to obtain aggregate, wherein the using amount of the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is 25 percent of the total amount of the weighed hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, namely 2.5 percent of the total amount of the raw materials;
3) taking bamboo charcoal, bamboo fiber and part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, putting into a horizontal roller forming machine with a spiral baffle plate, and uniformly mixing for 5min at a rotating speed of 60r/min, wherein the use amount of the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is 70% of the total amount of the weighed hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, namely 7.0% of the total amount of the raw materials;
4) putting the polyamide spiral particles, the aggregate and the rest hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose into a roller forming machine, adding water while stirring, wherein the water spraying amount is 60 percent of the raw material, and uniformly mixing for 5min at the rotating speed of 60r/min to obtain a composite biological filler primary finished product, wherein the mass of the rest hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is 0.5 percent of the total amount of the raw material;
5) and (3) placing the primary finished product on a high-frequency oscillator, and screening out redundant bulk materials under the oscillation action of the oscillator to obtain a final product which is more compact and has higher mechanical strength.
EXAMPLE III
The invention relates to a preparation method of a composite biological filler for treating slightly soluble VOCs (volatile organic compounds), which comprises the following steps:
1) weighing raw materials: according to the mass fraction, 20% of mountain palm fiber, 25% of polyethylene plastic square blocks, 40% of diatomite, 10% of activated sludge of an urban sewage treatment plant, 3.5% of gypsum and 1.5% of a high-efficiency functional degradation bacterium preparation are weighed, wherein the high-efficiency degradation bacterium preparation is bacillus.
2) Uniformly mixing activated sludge, efficient functional bacteria and part of gypsum of an urban sewage treatment plant, performing solid fermentation under the conditions of humidity, ventilation and sufficient oxygen, and culturing for 30 days to obtain aggregate, wherein the using amount of the gypsum is 35% of the total amount of the weighed gypsum, namely 1.225% of the total amount of the raw materials;
3) taking diatomite, palm fiber and part of gypsum, putting into a horizontal roller forming machine with a spiral baffle plate, and uniformly mixing for 3min at a rotating speed of 50r/min, wherein the using amount of the gypsum is 30% of the total amount of the weighed gypsum, namely 1.05% of the total amount of the raw materials;
4) putting the polyethylene plastic square blocks, the aggregate and the residual gypsum into a roller forming machine, adding water while stirring, uniformly mixing for 10min at a rotating speed of 50r/min, wherein the water spraying amount is 50% of the raw material to obtain a primary composite biological filler finished product, and the mass of the residual gypsum is 1.225% of the total amount of the raw material;
5) and (3) placing the primary finished product on a high-frequency oscillator, and screening out redundant bulk materials under the oscillation action of the oscillator to obtain a final product which is more compact and has higher mechanical strength.
The roller forming machine adopted by the invention is a horizontal roller forming machine, as shown in figure 5, the roller forming machine comprises a roller 3, the roller 3 can rotate along the direction indicated by an arrow in figure 5, one end of the roller 3 is provided with a feeding hole 1, the other end of the roller 3 is provided with a discharging hole 5, a shielding plate 4 which is spirally arranged is arranged inside the roller 3, and the included angle between the shielding plate 4 and the surface of the roller 3 is 15-45 degrees; in addition, a fixing plate 2 for fixing the roller 3 is further arranged at one end of the feeding hole 1 of the roller 3, and a reinforcing support frame 8 is connected to the fixing plate 2 to improve the structural stability of the roller forming machine; the bottom of the roller 3 is provided with a supporting plate, the bottom of the supporting plate is provided with a movable wheel 7, and the roller forming machine can be moved to a required position through the movable wheel 7, so that the roller forming machine is convenient to move; the other side of the supporting plate is provided with a lifting supporting leg 6, and the roller forming machine is supported and fixed under the matching action of the lifting supporting leg 6 and a movable wheel 7 so as to be convenient for use.
The high-frequency oscillator adopted by the invention comprises an oscillating motor 9 as shown in figure 6, wherein the oscillating motor 9 is connected with a screen 11 through a transmission mechanism 10, the screen 11 is arranged in an inclined manner, the inclination angle of the screen 11 is 5-10 degrees, the screen 11 is provided with a long-strip-shaped screen hole, the screen 11 is inclined towards the direction of a discharge hole 12 and enters a primary product on the screen 11, and screening and secondary shaping are completed under the action of the oscillating motor 9, so that the high-frequency oscillator is more compact.
The structure of the composite biological filler prepared in the first to third embodiments of the present invention is shown in fig. 1, the interior of the composite biological filler is a plastic supporting frame a made of a plastic high polymer material, the exterior of the composite biological filler is filled with a biological filler B, the particle size, the bulk density and the porosity of the composite biological filler are respectively measured, the water content and the total number of bacterial colonies of the composite biological filler are measured, and the experimental results are shown in table 1. As can be seen from Table 1, the composite biological filler prepared by the method has the particle size of 20-30 mm and the bulk density of 700-900 Kg/m3The porosity is 50-60%, the water content is more than 30%, and the total number of colonies is more than 1 × 106CFU/mL, light weight, high mechanical strength, good forming effect, no easy decay, good water retention, fast start, convenient use and high treatment efficiency.
TABLE 1 composite biological Filler Performance test results
| Sample (I) | Particle size (mm) | Bulk Density (Kg/m)3) | Porosity (%) | Water content (%) | Total number of colonies (CFU/mL) |
| Example one | 25 | 703 | 51 | 37 | 1.7×108 |
| Example two | 24 | 722 | 54 | 41 | 6.2×107 |
| EXAMPLE III | 26 | 802 | 55 | 38 | 6.9×107 |
The composite biological filler prepared by the method is arranged in a biological filter tower reactor and used for treating xylene insoluble VOCs waste gas, the reactor is 500mm high, 290mm in inner diameter and 380mm in filler height, a water spraying system is arranged at the upper part of the reactor, the xylene insoluble VOCs waste gas sequentially passes through two reactors connected in series, and the inlet concentration of xylene in the two reactors is controlled to be 100-300 mg/m3The empty column residence time of the gas was 20 s. The change curve of the composite biological filler biofilm formation starting time and the xylene removal efficiency is shown in figure 2, the change curve of the pH value of the composite biological filler with time in the biofilm formation process is shown in figure 3, and the change curve of the total number of bacterial colonies with time in the biofilm formation process is shown in figure 4.
As can be seen from FIG. 2, the treatment efficiency of the composite biological filler of the invention on the slightly soluble xylene at the beginning of the start-up period of the biofilm formation is 48.5%, which shows that the specific surface area of the filler is large,has certain adsorptivity; along with the extension of the film forming time and the improvement of the concentration of the dimethylbenzene, the treatment effect of the composite biological filler is obviously improved, which shows that the composite biological filler is more suitable for the attachment growth of microorganisms from the aspects of porosity and nutritional structure, and the more the number of the microorganisms participating in the reaction is, the more the purification effect on characteristic pollutants is; when the reaction was run for about 30 days, the xylene concentration suddenly changed from 192mg/m3Increased to 250mg/m3Then, the purifying efficiency is reduced from 88 percent to 64 percent, the efficiency is improved again after a period of time, and the purifying efficiency is restored to 81 percent after about 7 days, which shows that the composite biological filler has strong load impact resistance.
As can be seen from FIG. 3, the pH value is higher than 8 and slightly higher at the initial stage of biofilm formation, which indicates that the ratio of carbon to nitrogen in the biological filtration tower is lower or the content of nutrient salt is insufficient at the moment, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio needs to be adjusted and nutrient substances need to be supplemented in time; with the extension of the film forming time, the pH value is reduced and is kept to be about 6.5-7.5 all the time, and the range is more suitable for the growth and the propagation of microorganisms, which shows that the composite biological filler can realize the stability of the pH value of a system in a long time.
As can be seen from FIG. 4, the microorganism on the surface of the composite biological filler of the invention shows a continuous rising trend at the initial stage of biofilm formation, and reaches a peak value at about 25d due to the reduction of the concentration of the xylene, which indicates that the microorganism on the surface of the medium at the initial stage of biofilm formation has a certain resistance to the xylene gas, and the microorganism on the medium of the filler tends to stabilize at the later stage along with the increase of the concentration of the xylene, and the amount of the microorganism is about 7.0 × 106CFU/mL, the film formation of the microorganism in the composite biological filler has been successful, which indicates that the composite biological filler is beneficial to the growth and the propagation of the microorganism.
The removal efficiency of the composite biological filler prepared by the method disclosed by the invention to ethyl acetate is tested according to the method disclosed by experiment 2, and the experimental result shows that the treatment efficiency of the composite biological filler to ethyl acetate reaches more than 85% in about 7-9 days, which shows that the composite biological filler is used for biological treatmentThe starting speed of the material filling is high; and the concentration of ethyl acetate is 50-300 mg/m3When the range is changed, the treatment efficiency is always stabilized to be more than 75 percent, which shows that the composite biological filler has strong load impact resistance; meanwhile, the biological composite filler maintains the pH value stability of the system for a long time, which is more beneficial to the growth and the propagation of microorganisms.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the polymer synthetic plastic material adopted by the invention has the characteristics of light weight, high mechanical strength, no decay, enough space maintenance with other materials and the like, so that the risk of compaction caused by long-term use of the obtained composite biological filler is obviously reduced, and the service life is prolonged; according to the invention, organic matters are added into the composite biological filler, so that a fixed place is provided for microorganisms, nutrients can be provided for the growth of the microorganisms, certain moisture can be kept, the input cost and labor cost brought by nutrient solution supplement are saved, and the activity of the microorganisms in the filler can be maintained under the condition of long-term shutdown; the invention also adds high-efficiency functional bacteria in the composite biological filler, and the bacteria can ensure that the bioreactor does not need to be inoculated and trained after the filler is installed, thereby reducing the trouble of starting the bioreactor in the later period, greatly shortening the time required by the equipment to achieve the expected effect, and having the advantages of quick start, convenient use and high treatment efficiency. The composite biological filler is prepared by adopting a pyrolysis-free process, so that the content of organic matters in the activated sludge is ensured, the activity of high-efficiency functional strains is ensured, the reaction condition is mild, the process route is simple, the equipment investment is low, the energy consumption is low, the pollution is low, the operation is convenient, and the industrialization is easy to realize.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (3)
1. A preparation method of a composite biological filler for treating insoluble VOCs is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the composite biological filler is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 14-20% of fiber material, 25-35% of polymer plastic material, 25-40% of porous inorganic material, 10-20% of organic matter, 2-10% of cementing substance and 1-2% of efficient functional bacteria;
the particle size of the composite biological filler is 20-30 mm, and the bulk density is 700-900 Kg/m3The porosity is 50-60%, the water content of the composite biological filler is more than 30%, and the total number of bacterial colonies of the composite biological filler is more than 1 × 106CFU/mL；
The fiber material is any one or more of coconut shell fiber, palm fiber and bamboo fiber, the high polymer plastic material is any one or more of polyethylene, polypropylene and polyamide, the porous inorganic material is any one or more of volcanic rock, perlite, diatomite, bamboo charcoal and coal cinder, and the organic matter is any one or more of activated sludge, grass carbon, sawdust, crushed straw and organic compost;
the polymer plastic material is any one of spherical, square and spiral, the size of the polymer plastic material is 20-30 mm, the particle size of the porous inorganic material is 10-20 meshes, and the sludge is activated sludge of an urban sewage treatment plant;
the preparation method of the composite biological filler comprises the following steps:
1) taking high-efficiency functional bacteria, organic matters and cementing substances, performing solid fermentation under the conditions of ventilation, humidity and sufficient oxygen for 20-40 days to obtain aggregate, wherein the using amount of the cementing substances is 25-35% of the total amount of the cementing substances;
2) mixing and stirring a porous inorganic material, a fiber material and a cementing substance in a roller forming machine, wherein the stirring speed is 40-60 r/min, the mixing time is 1-5 min, and the dosage of the cementing substance is 30-70% of the total amount of the cementing substance;
3) putting a high molecular plastic material, the aggregate obtained in the step 1) and the rest cementing material into a roller forming machine, adding water while stirring, wherein the water spraying amount is 40-60% of the raw materials, the rotating speed is 40-60 r/min, and the time is 5-15 min, so as to obtain a primary finished product of the composite biological filler;
the roller forming machine is a horizontal roller forming machine and comprises a roller, a feed inlet is formed in one end of the roller, a discharge outlet is formed in the other end of the roller, a shielding plate is arranged in the roller in a spiral mode, and the included angle between the shielding plate and the surface of the roller is 15-45 degrees;
4) placing the primary finished product obtained in the step 3) on a high-frequency oscillator, oscillating, shaping and screening to obtain a finished product;
the high-frequency oscillation instrument comprises an oscillation motor, the oscillation motor is connected with a screen, the screen is inclined, the inclination angle of the screen is 5-10 degrees, and the screen is provided with a sieve mesh with a long strip shape.
2. The method for preparing the composite biological filler for the treatment of insoluble VOCs according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the high-efficiency functional bacteria are short-rod-shaped or long-chain-shaped high-efficiency degradation composite microbial agents, and the high-efficiency functional bacteria are any one of sulfur oxidizing bacteria, bacillus, mould or pseudomonas.
3. The process for the preparation of a composite biological filler for the treatment of poorly soluble VOCs according to claim 1 or 2, wherein:
the cementing substance is one or more of silicate inorganic gel, cement, gypsum, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and bentonite.
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| CN107930378A (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2018-04-20 | 北京沃太斯环保科技发展有限公司 | For handling the filtering tower packing of VOCs gases and foul gas |
| CN111482070A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2020-08-04 | 北京华创天宇能源科技有限公司 | VOC exhaust treatment system |
| CN109589785B (en) * | 2019-02-15 | 2020-07-28 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Preparation method and application of landfill VOCs in-situ high-efficiency degradation carbon-based material based on waste regeneration |
| CN110252128A (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2019-09-20 | 无锡雪浪环境科技股份有限公司 | A kind of oily sludge vent gas treatment bio-trickling filter and treatment process |
| CN112058076B (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2022-05-24 | 华南理工大学 | Device and method for removing nitrogen oxides by biological rotating ball type reactor |
| CN115536127B (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2024-08-09 | 湖南普泰尔环境股份有限公司 | Ramie bone composite filler for biological filter and preparation method thereof |
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