CN107202562A - A kind of three coordinate measuring machine positioned based on multi-point support intracavity and measuring method - Google Patents

A kind of three coordinate measuring machine positioned based on multi-point support intracavity and measuring method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107202562A
CN107202562A CN201710641470.XA CN201710641470A CN107202562A CN 107202562 A CN107202562 A CN 107202562A CN 201710641470 A CN201710641470 A CN 201710641470A CN 107202562 A CN107202562 A CN 107202562A
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China
Prior art keywords
stop collar
swelling
side wall
positioning
mandrel
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CN201710641470.XA
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CN107202562B (en
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王斌
崔丽兰
张静辰
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CNNC Tianjin Technology Development Co Ltd
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CNNC Tianjin Technology Development Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B21/00Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses including a kind of three coordinate measuring machine positioned based on multi-point support intracavity and measuring method, the measuring machine includes:Gauge head, travel mechanism, control device and tubular elements location division;The tubular elements location division includes:Mandrel, swelling detent mechanism;The swelling detent mechanism includes, fixed stop collar, and it is installed on mandrel, and the fixed stop collar includes the circumferential side wall towards outward opening;Swelling stop collar, on the outside of fixed stop collar, its axial direction driven along mandrel is retreated, and the swelling stop collar is provided with the surrounding place side wall towards inner opening;Surrounding place side wall can match the circumferential side wall described in insertion;Swelling portion, including the multiple through holes formed in circumferential side wall and the positioning element being arranged in through hole, wherein, when surrounding place side wall inserts circumferential side wall, the positioning element is ejected by surrounding place side wall, is protruded from through hole and is held with tubular elements inner chamber, is formed the strong point and is realized positioning.The present invention has advantage simple in construction, easy for installation.

Description

A kind of three coordinate measuring machine positioned based on multi-point support intracavity and measuring method
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of mechanical design, more particularly to a kind of three seats positioned based on multi-point support intracavity Co-ordinate measuring machine and measuring method.
Background technology
Tubular elements are common Machine Design products, for the physical dimensions such as its diameter, circularity, perpendicularity, bounce and shape The measurement of position tolerance, it usually needs positioning is measured to it by some positioners, conventional positioning method can substantially divide It is that excircle orientation and inner chamber position two kinds, particularly when needing on the basis of inner chamber, when external Circle Parameters are evaluated, it is necessary to Firm support is carried out to inner chamber, so as to set up shaft centerline measurement benchmark, moreover, when required detection Workpiece length is larger, more The positioner for needing a kind of achievable inner chamber to fix measures positioning to tubular elements.Therefore, a kind of detection positioning tool need to be designed Auxiliary positioning is measured to tubular elements, so as to complete the accurate measurement to each geometric sense.
The content of the invention
In view of the technical drawbacks of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide one kind is based on multi-point support inner chamber The three coordinate measuring machine and measuring method of formula positioning, it is possible to achieve to the auxiliary positioning of tubular elements Geometrical Parameter Testing.
To realize that the technical scheme that the purpose of the present invention is used is:
A kind of three coordinate measuring machine positioned based on multi-point support intracavity, including:Gauge head, it is used to measure measured Thing;Travel mechanism, it moves above-mentioned gauge head;Control device, it controls above-mentioned travel mechanism;And tubular elements location division, its For fixing tubular elements;
The tubular elements location division is arranged on the top of marble flat board by v-shaped bearing frame, and the gauge head is arranged on horizontal stroke The bottom of beam, the crossbeam is arranged on the top of marble flat board by air-float guide rail;
The tubular elements location division includes:Mandrel, is symmetricly set on the swelling detent mechanism of the mandrel left and right ends;
The swelling detent mechanism includes,
Fixed stop collar, it is installed on mandrel, and to be interior in the middle part of mandrel, two ends are outer, and the fixed stop collar includes Towards the circumferential side wall of outward opening, the circumferential side wall is coaxially disposed with mandrel in a ring;
Swelling stop collar, on the outside of fixed stop collar, its axial direction driven along mandrel is retreated, the swelling stop collar It is provided with the surrounding place side wall towards inner opening;Surrounding place side wall can match the circumferential side wall described in insertion;
Swelling portion, including the multiple through holes formed in circumferential side wall and the positioning element being arranged in through hole, wherein, when When surrounding place side wall inserts circumferential side wall, the positioning element is ejected by surrounding place side wall, is protruded from through hole and is held with tubular elements inner chamber, Form the strong point and realize positioning.
It is preferred that, it is embedded with inner conical drogue in the through hole, the cylindrical and through hole elastic conjunction of inner conical drogue, the inner conical drogue Center is provided with conical hole, and described positioning element is arranged in conical hole.
It is preferred that, the heavy caliber end of the conical hole is provided with prevents its limiting component deviate from for limiting positioning element.
It is preferred that, the swelling stop collar is promoted by locking nut, and locking nut is connected with mandrel thread.
It is preferred that, the strong point is provided with three.
It is preferred that, the positioning element is steel ball or encapsulated steel ball.
It is preferred that, the mandrel two ends set locating centre hole, for by mandrel positioning clamping in v-shaped bearing frame.
It is preferred that, one is selected on the inside of the outer rim of the circumferential side wall or on the outside of the outer rim of the surrounding place side wall for the conical surface, separately One is that plane, or both is all the conical surface.
It is preferred that, the taper of the conical surface is outside 13 ° -15 °, the swelling stop collar outer rim on the inside of the fixed stop collar outer rim The side conical surface includes two sections of conical surfaces, and the taper positioned at first conical surface of bottom is 4 ° -6 °, and the taper of superposed second conical surface is 2 ° -3 °, first conical surface is assembling guide cone, for being oriented to, and second conical surface is coordinates taper, for controlling axial dress With position.
It is preferred that, the mandrel is multi-diameter shaft, including the 3rd centrally-disposed positioning section, the 3rd positioning section Two ends be provided with diameter the second positioning section and the first positioning section that are sequentially reduced, first positioning section is supported on V for positioning tool The active section of profile shaft bolster.
It is preferred that, the center interference of the fixed stop collar is arranged on the second positioning section, and its axial location is by the 3rd Positioning section end face is limited, and the swelling stop collar gap is arranged on the second positioning section.
It is preferred that, stage clip is provided between the swelling stop collar and fixed stop collar, the stage clip is used to aid in swelling to limit Position set is exited out of fixed stop collar.
On the other hand, the measuring method of the measuring machine, comprises the following steps:
(1) fixed stop collar is packed on mandrel, swelling stop collar is enclosed on mandrel;
(2) fixed component is encased in the through hole on the wall of the week side of boss side, swelling stop collar is inserted into fixed stop collar, So that fixed component is non-bulging, in fixing, stop collar is cylindrical to be defined;
(3) tubular elements are put, are determined behind positioning swelling position, continue to promote swelling stop collar into fixed stop collar, Untill fixed component and tubular elements inner chamber offset, now tubular elements can not jump vertically under external force, realize positioning;
(4) tubular elements having good positioning are positioned on v-shaped bearing frame, the Geometrical Parameter Testing of tubular elements can be carried out;
(5) gauge head is driven by air-float guide rail and measures sampling site, and the measurement element collected is intended by control system Computing is closed, all kinds of physical dimensions and Form and position error of tubular elements are finally given.
It is preferred that, three inner conical drogues are pressed into three through holes of fixed stop collar side wall in the step (1), described two The fixed component that the outer end of individual swelling stop collar is screwed in locking nut, the step (2) is steel ball, steel ball is positioned over interior In the conical hole of tapered sleeve, in the step (2) and step (3), it is passed through screw-in locking nut and realizes that swelling stop collar is limited to fixed Propulsion in the set of position.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1st, inner conical drogue, movable stop collar and steel ball, can be achieved to contact positioning simultaneously to 3 points of tubular elements, make tubular elements by Force is consistent, meets " three null circles " positioning principle;Tool structure is simple, easy for installation;Interchangeable inner conical drogue, meets different-diameter The positioning of tubular elements needs.
2nd, whole measurement process forms special measurement program by programming, and operation program is automatically performed measurement.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of measuring machine.
Fig. 2 is multi-point support intracavity tubular elements positioning device structure figure;
The enlarged drawing that Fig. 3 is A in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is core shaft structure figure;
Fig. 5 is fixed stop collar structure chart;
Fig. 6 is swelling stop collar structure chart;
Fig. 7 is inner conical drogue structure chart;
Fig. 8 is locking nut structure figure;
In figure:1- fixes stop collar, 2- swelling stop collars, 3- mandrels, 4- inner conical drogues, 5- locking nuts, 6- steel balls, 7- the Three positioning sections, the positioning sections of 8- second, the positioning sections of 9- first, 10- through holes, 11- conical holes, 12- marble flat boards, 13- air supportings are led Rail, 14- crossbeams, 15- gauge heads.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.It should be appreciated that described herein Specific embodiment only to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
As shown in Fig. 1~8, a kind of three coordinate measuring machine positioned based on multi-point support intracavity, including:Gauge head 15, its For measuring measured object;Travel mechanism, it moves above-mentioned gauge head;Control device, it controls above-mentioned travel mechanism;And cylinder Shape part location division, it is used to fix tubular elements;
The tubular elements location division is arranged on the top of marble flat board 12 by v-shaped bearing frame 16, and the gauge head is set In the bottom of crossbeam 14, the crossbeam is arranged on the top of marble flat board by air-float guide rail 13;
The tubular elements location division includes:Mandrel 3, the swelling for being symmetricly set on the left and right ends of the mandrel 3 is determined Position mechanism;The swelling detent mechanism includes fixed stop collar 1, swelling stop collar 2 and swelling portion, and the fixed stop collar 1 is consolidated It is located on mandrel 3, is interior with the middle part of mandrel 3, two ends are outer, and the fixed stop collar includes the circumferential side wall towards outward opening, institute Circumferential side wall is stated to be coaxially disposed with mandrel in a ring;The swelling stop collar 2 can retreat along the axial direction of mandrel, and the swelling is spacing Set 2 is provided with the surrounding place side wall towards inner opening;Surrounding place side wall can match the circumferential side wall described in insertion, and the swelling portion includes shape Into multiple through holes 10 on the wall of the week side of boss side and the positioning element of through hole can be protruded from, wherein, when surrounding place side wall inserts peripheral side During wall, the positioning element is ejected by surrounding place side wall, forms the strong point, realizes positioning.
The swelling detent mechanism that left and right ends are set so that the support stability of equilibrium of tubular elements is good.The swelling is spacing Set 2 and swelling stop collar 3 are On The Quality of Bearing Steels, and pass through Quenching Treatment, improve hardness, increase wearability.
Preferably, it is embedded with inner conical drogue 4 in the through hole 10, the elastic conjunction of cylindrical and through hole 10 of inner conical drogue 4, The center of the inner conical drogue 4 is provided with conical hole, and the positioning element can protrude from conical hole.In this way, interchangeable inner conical drogue, Meet the positioning needs of different-diameter tubular elements.
The positioning element, is placed between fixed stop collar and the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of swelling stop collar 2, is promoted into fixed stop collar During swelling stop collar, positioning element can protrude from the outer wall of fixed stop collar, form the strong point, be connect with fixed tubular elements inner chamber Touch.
Preferably, the heavy caliber end of the conical hole is provided with the limiting component for being used for limiting positioning element position, Such as:Jump ring or card.In this way, the position of positioning element can tentatively be limited, prevent from coming off out of conical hole when it from assembling.
Preferably, the swelling stop collar is promoted by locking nut, and locking nut is connected with mandrel thread.Such as This, can stablize and promote swelling stop collar.Described locking nut, endoporus leading portion is processed as unthreaded hole, meets different length tubular The measurement and positioning of part needs, and back segment is processed as high-precision internal thread, for coordinating with the external screw thread on mandrel, fastening tubular elements and Positioning tool.
Preferably, the strong point is provided with three.It can be achieved to contact positioning simultaneously to 3 points of tubular elements, make cylinder Shape part stress point is consistent, meets " three null circles " positioning principle.
Preferably, the positioning element is steel ball or encapsulated steel ball, and the external port bore of the conical hole is less than The diameter of steel ball, the inner bore of the conical hole is more than the diameter of steel ball.Positioned by steel ball or encapsulated steel ball, positioning is steady It is qualitative good.Steel ball 6 is set to protrude or recessed in entering the cylindrical bus of fixed stop collar 1, so that swelling or disengagement tubular elements, are realized to cylinder The multipoint positioning of shape part, the steel ball is standard zero steel ball.
Preferably, the mandrel two ends set the locating centre hole for meeting national standard, for by mandrel positioning clamping In v-shaped bearing frame.It is easy to coordinate three coordinate measuring machine to be tested.Mandrel 3 is processed using high-precision grinding, after machining, With two ends center hole positioning clamping on the v-shaped bearing frame of three coordinate measuring machine, the radial beat eccentricity of each diameter segment is measured, it is small In 0.01mm.
Preferably, one is selected on the inside of the outer rim of the fixed stop collar or on the outside of the outer rim of the swelling stop collar For the conical surface, both be is the conical surface.Being mutually matched between the conical surface so that swelling stop collar can smoothly be pushed into swelling stop collar It is interior, it is easy to operate.
Preferably, the taper of the conical surface is 13 ° -15 ° on the inside of the fixed stop collar outer rim, preferably 15 °, described The conical surface includes two sections of conical surfaces on the outside of swelling stop collar outer rim, is 2 ° -3 °, preferably 2 ° positioned at the taper of first conical surface of bottom 15 ', the taper of superposed second conical surface is 4 ° -6 °, and preferably 6 °, first conical surface is assembling guide cone, for leading To second conical surface is coordinates taper, for controlling axial rigging position.
It is preferred that, the inner side conical surface of the conical hole is 10 °.
Preferably, the mandrel is multi-diameter shaft, and the mandrel is multi-diameter shaft, including centrally-disposed the Three positioning sections, the two ends of the 3rd positioning section are provided with the second positioning section and the first positioning section that diameter is sequentially reduced, and described the One positioning section is supported on the active section of V-type bearing bracket stand for positioning tool.The center interference of the fixed stop collar is arranged on Two positioning sections, its axial location is limited by the 3rd positioning section end face, and the swelling stop collar gap is arranged on the second positioning section.Institute State a diameter of 11mm of the first positioning section, a diameter of 20mm of second positioning section, the 3rd positioning section it is a diameter of 22mm。
The mandrel is processed by high-precision grinding, and the axiality of variant diameter segment reaches 0.001mm grades, two ends Face center is machined with the center hole for meeting Standard, for grinding positioning;Two ends are machined with high-precision external screw thread, are used for Coordinate with clamp nut.
The measuring method of the measuring machine of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
(1) fixed stop collar is packed on mandrel 3,
(2) fixed component is encased in the through hole on the wall of the week side of boss side, swelling stop collar is inserted into fixed stop collar, So that fixed component is non-bulging, in fixing, stop collar 1 is cylindrical to be defined;
(3) tubular elements are put, are determined behind positioning swelling position, continue to promote swelling stop collar into fixed stop collar, Untill tubular elements can not jump vertically under external force;
(4) tubular elements having good positioning are positioned on v-shaped bearing frame, the Geometrical Parameter Testing of tubular elements can be carried out.
(5) gauge head is driven by air-float guide rail and measures sampling site, and the measurement element collected is intended by control system Computing is closed, all kinds of physical dimensions and Form and position error of tubular elements are finally given.
Preferred scheme:
(1) three inner conical drogues 4 are pressed into three through holes 10 of the fixed side wall of stop collar 1;
(2) the fixation stop collar 1 for being equipped with inner conical drogue 4 by two is filled by the second positioning section of interference mode and mandrel 3 Match somebody with somebody, it is axially spacing with the first positioning section end face of mandrel 3;Six steel balls 6 are positioned in the conical hole 10 of inner conical drogue 4;Respectively Two swelling stop collars 2 are enclosed on mandrel 3, two ends screw in locking nut 5, screw in position non-bulging in fixation with steel ball 6 Stop collar 1 is cylindrical to be defined;
(3) tubular elements are put, are determined behind positioning swelling position, continue to screw in locking nut 5, until tubular elements can not be Along untill axial jump under external force effect;
(4) tubular elements having good positioning are positioned on v-shaped bearing frame, the Geometrical Parameter Testing of tubular elements can be carried out.
(5) gauge head is driven by air-float guide rail and measures sampling site, and the measurement element collected is intended by control system Computing is closed, all kinds of physical dimensions and Form and position error of tubular elements are finally given.
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the common skill of the art For art personnel, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications Also it should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (14)

1. a kind of three coordinate measuring machine positioned based on multi-point support intracavity, it is characterised in that including:Gauge head, it is used to survey Measure measured object;Travel mechanism, it moves above-mentioned gauge head;Control device, it controls above-mentioned travel mechanism;And tubular elements are fixed Position portion, it is used to fix tubular elements;
The tubular elements location division includes mandrel, is symmetricly set on the swelling detent mechanism of the mandrel left and right ends;
The swelling detent mechanism includes,
Fixed stop collar, it is installed on mandrel, and to be interior in the middle part of mandrel, two ends are outer, and the fixed stop collar is included outwardly The circumferential side wall of opening, the circumferential side wall is coaxially disposed with mandrel in a ring;
Swelling stop collar, on the outside of fixed stop collar, its axial direction driven along mandrel is retreated, and is set on the swelling stop collar There is the surrounding place side wall towards inner opening;Surrounding place side wall can match the circumferential side wall described in insertion;
Swelling portion, including the multiple through holes formed in circumferential side wall and the positioning element being arranged in through hole, wherein, when ring week During the wall insertion circumferential side wall of side, the positioning element is ejected by surrounding place side wall, is protruded from through hole and is held with tubular elements inner chamber, is formed The strong point realizes positioning.
2. a kind of three coordinate measuring machine positioned based on multi-point support intracavity according to claim 1, it is characterised in that The tubular elements location division is arranged on the top of marble flat board by v-shaped bearing frame, and the gauge head is arranged on the bottom of crossbeam, The crossbeam is arranged on the surface of the marble flat board by air-float guide rail.
3. a kind of three coordinate measuring machine positioned based on multi-point support intracavity according to claim 1, it is characterised in that Inner conical drogue is embedded with the through hole, the cylindrical and through hole elastic conjunction of inner conical drogue, the center of the inner conical drogue is provided with cone Face, described positioning element is arranged in conical hole.
4. a kind of three coordinate measuring machine positioned based on multi-point support intracavity according to claim 3, it is characterised in that The heavy caliber end of the conical hole is provided with prevents its limiting component deviate from for limiting positioning element.
5. a kind of three coordinate measuring machine positioned based on multi-point support intracavity according to claim 1, it is characterised in that The swelling stop collar is promoted by locking nut, and locking nut is connected with mandrel thread.
6. a kind of three coordinate measuring machine positioned based on multi-point support intracavity according to claim 1, it is characterised in that The strong point is provided with three.
7. a kind of three coordinate measuring machine positioned based on multi-point support intracavity according to claim 1, it is characterised in that The positioning element is steel ball or encapsulated steel ball.
8. a kind of three coordinate measuring machine positioned based on multi-point support intracavity according to claim 1, it is characterised in that The mandrel two ends set locating centre hole, for by mandrel positioning clamping in v-shaped bearing frame.
9. a kind of three coordinate measuring machine positioned based on multi-point support intracavity according to claim 1, it is characterised in that One is selected on the inside of the outer rim of the circumferential side wall or on the outside of the outer rim of the surrounding place side wall for the conical surface, another is plane, or Both it is the conical surface.
10. a kind of three coordinate measuring machine positioned based on multi-point support intracavity according to claim 1, its feature is existed In the taper of the conical surface is that the conical surface includes two on the outside of 13 ° -15 °, the swelling stop collar outer rim on the inside of the fixed stop collar outer rim The section conical surface, is 2 ° -3 ° positioned at the taper of first conical surface of bottom, and the taper of superposed second conical surface is 4 ° -6 °, described the One conical surface is assembling guide cone, for being oriented to, and second conical surface is coordinates taper, for controlling axial rigging position.
11. a kind of three coordinate measuring machine positioned based on multi-point support intracavity according to claim 1, its feature is existed In, the mandrel be multi-diameter shaft, including the 3rd centrally-disposed positioning section, the two ends of the 3rd positioning section are provided with straight The second positioning section and the first positioning section that footpath is sequentially reduced, first positioning section are supported on the work of V-type bearing bracket stand for positioning tool Make section.
12. a kind of three coordinate measuring machine positioned based on multi-point support intracavity according to claim 11, its feature is existed In the center interference of the fixed stop collar is arranged on the second positioning section, and its axial location is limited by the 3rd positioning section end face System, the swelling stop collar gap is arranged on the second positioning section.
13. a kind of three coordinate measuring machine positioned based on multi-point support intracavity according to claim 1, its feature is existed In provided with stage clip between the swelling stop collar and fixed stop collar, the stage clip is used to aid in swelling stop collar to limit from fixed Exited in the set of position.
14. the measuring method of the three coordinate measuring machine according to claim any one of 1-13, it is characterised in that including following Step:
(1) fixed stop collar is packed on mandrel, swelling stop collar is enclosed on mandrel;
(2) fixed component is encased in the through hole on the wall of the week side of boss side, swelling stop collar is inserted into fixed stop collar so that Fixed component is non-bulging, and in fixing, stop collar is cylindrical to be defined;
(3) tubular elements are put, are determined behind positioning swelling position, continue to promote swelling stop collar into fixed stop collar, to admittedly Determine untill part and tubular elements inner chamber offset, now tubular elements can not jump vertically under external force, realize positioning;
(4) tubular elements having good positioning are positioned on v-shaped bearing frame, the Geometrical Parameter Testing of tubular elements can be carried out.
(5) gauge head is driven by air-float guide rail and measures sampling site, and the measurement element collected is fitted fortune by control system Calculate, finally give all kinds of physical dimensions and Form and position error of tubular elements.
CN201710641470.XA 2017-07-31 2017-07-31 Three-coordinate measuring machine and measuring method based on multi-point support intracavity type positioning Active CN107202562B (en)

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