CN107201935B - A kind of temperature difference electricity generation device and its flow-dividing control method with vehicle exhaust flow-dividing control function - Google Patents

A kind of temperature difference electricity generation device and its flow-dividing control method with vehicle exhaust flow-dividing control function Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107201935B
CN107201935B CN201710545802.4A CN201710545802A CN107201935B CN 107201935 B CN107201935 B CN 107201935B CN 201710545802 A CN201710545802 A CN 201710545802A CN 107201935 B CN107201935 B CN 107201935B
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generation device
electricity generation
temperature difference
difference electricity
dividing control
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CN107201935A (en
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赵晓聪
何仁
樊文渊
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Jiangsu University
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Jiangsu University
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N5/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting from exhaust energy
    • F01N5/02Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting from exhaust energy the devices using heat
    • F01N5/025Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting from exhaust energy the devices using heat the device being thermoelectric generators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02NELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N11/00Generators or motors not provided for elsewhere; Alleged perpetua mobilia obtained by electric or magnetic means
    • H02N11/002Generators
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12Improving ICE efficiencies

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of temperature difference electricity generation device and its flow-dividing control method with vehicle exhaust flow-dividing control function, temperature difference electricity generation device mainly includes heat collecting tank, electrothermal module group, radiating fin, shunts grid and power storage module, among the cold source that electrothermal module group is mounted on the heat source of heat collecting tank offer and radiating fin provides, it is produced electricl energy under action of thermal difference, and by power storage in power storage module;It shunts grid and controls tail gas, so that tail gas heat quantity is flowed to the electrothermal module group of different piece in varing proportions, and a part of electrothermal module is made to preferentially enter efficacious workaround.The present invention is based on temperature signals, pressure signal, by to tail gas shunt and regulation, can not only it prevent electrothermal module from crossing cause thermal damage, and it can be according to the difference of exhaust temperature, tail gas is oriented to the two sides of heat collecting tank in different proportions, to make a part of electrothermal module efficient operation, electrothermal module characteristic is given full play to, the overall output performance of temperature difference electricity generation device is improved.

Description

A kind of temperature difference electricity generation device and its shunting control with vehicle exhaust flow-dividing control function Method processed
Technical field
The invention belongs to vehicle exhaust energy utilization technology fields, and in particular to there is one kind vehicle exhaust to shunt control The temperature difference electricity generation device and its flow-dividing control method of function processed.
Background technique
Currently, most of internal-combustion engines vehicles are only 40% or so to the utilization rate of fuel oil, up to 60% fuel oil energy without Method is effectively utilized, and has 35% fuel oil energy to be discharged into air in the form of vehicle exhaust energy among these, no Mass energy waste is only caused, serious pollution also is caused to environment.Main energetic form in vehicle exhaust is thermal energy, In recent years, being showing improvement or progress day by day with thermoelectric generation, the continuous innovation of thermoelectric material, the performance of temperature difference electricity generation device is not Disconnected ground is improving, this to become possibility to the recycling of heat energy of tail gas of automobile.
Thermoelectric generation is a kind of new energy form that the temperature difference using between heat source and cold source generates electricity.This skill Art is used in recent years using vehicle exhaust, carries out waste heat energy regenerating recycling, tail gas waste heat is converted into electricity by thermo-electric generation Can, this part electric energy can be stored in power storage module, applied to vehicle-mounted electrical equipment, so that the fuel oil for improving automobile utilizes Rate.Existing research is mostly the optimization to thermoelectric generator heat-collecting box dimensional structure, but the optimization of this mechanical structure is to the temperature difference The promotion of electric organ electricity generation efficiency is very limited.Therefore, it in conjunction with the characteristic of electrothermal module itself, converts thinking and tail gas stream is carried out Flow-dividing control is significant for further increasing thermoelectric generator electricity generation efficiency.
Chinese patent (CN201623673U) discloses generating set utilizing automobile exhaust waste heat temperature difference, the thermo-electric generation of design The heat-collecting box of device improves the Heat-collecting effect of heat-collecting box by using the flow-disturbing channel of " S " type, but due to the thermal-arrest of this structure Exhaust back pressure brought by case is very big, if the heat-collecting box is installed in automobile exhaust system, it will cause engine exhaust Back pressure is excessive and the case where can not work normally.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of device and its flow-dividing control method that thermo-electric generation is carried out using vehicle exhaust, device tool There is the function to vehicle exhaust flow-dividing control;It is influenced in lesser situation on engine exhaust back pressure, which can be maximum The performance of electrothermal module is played to degree, while also there is certain protective effect to electrothermal module.
Used technical solution is the present invention to solve above-mentioned technical problem:
A kind of temperature difference electricity generation device with vehicle exhaust flow-dividing control function, including heat collecting tank, admission line and row Feed channel, the heat collecting tank are hollow, both ends open cabinet, and shape is that a cuboid and two terrace with edges are spliced Polyhedral, the admission line, exhaust pipe pass through cover board respectively and mutually weld with two open end of heat collecting tank;The thermal-arrest Former and later two surfaces of cabinet are the burnishing surface of thermal-arrest fin, and the fin of thermal-arrest fin is towards box house, the length of the fin Spend it is most short in thermal-arrest fin middle position, it is successively symmetrical to increase, close to longest at cabinet upper and lower surface, the thermal-arrest fin Burnishing surface burnishing surface and the preload of radiating fin is bolted, and have certain spacing between two burnishing surfaces, be used for Electrothermal module group is placed, the electrothermal module group is connected with power storage module, and the burnishing surface of the thermal-arrest fin is also connected with temperature biography Sensor, the temperature sensor connect electronic control module, and the electronic control module is also connected with pressure sensor, stepper motor, described Stepper motor is connected by shaft coupling with round bar upper end is connect, and the connection round bar lower end is protruded into inside heat collecting tank, and even It connects round bar bottom end and is connected with shunting grid.
In above scheme, the fin of thermal-arrest fin is continuously straight, and the finned length of the radiating fin is consistent, and continuous flat Directly.
In above scheme, the shunting grid be round pie, shunt grid circular surface diameter and admission line it is interior Diameter is identical.
In above scheme, when temperature difference electricity generation device does not work, the circular surface and tail gas stream for shunting grid are through direction one It causes;In temperature difference electricity generation device work, shunts grid and rotated by a certain angle by step motor control.
In above scheme, the electrothermal module group is at least one, and the electrothermal module series connection in each electrothermal module group, Every two electrothermal module group is in parallel.
In above scheme, the power storage module can use battery or supercapacitor.
A kind of flow-dividing control method of the temperature difference electricity generation device with vehicle exhaust flow-dividing control function, when thermo-electric generation fills When setting rigid start-up operation, step motor control shunts grid and rotates by a certain angle, and most of tail gas stream is oriented to main heat collector surface collection Hot fin guarantees the temperature prioritised high-power operation temperature T for reaching electrothermal module of main heat collector surface thermal-arrest finp;When temperature passes Sensor detects that the temperature of main heat collector surface thermal-arrest fin side reaches TpAfterwards, shunting grid keeps aperture constant, if side temperature It will be more than the temperature tenability limit T of electrothermal modules, adjusted by stepper motor and shunt grid aperture, reduction flows to the side Exhaust flow;When pressure sensor detects that the exhaust back pressure of temperature difference electricity generation device is more than the back pressure limit that engine can bear When, stepper motor will shunt grid aperture regulation to 0 °, carry out flow-dividing control again after back pressure reduction.
Further, the aperture of grid is shunted is defined as: shunt the circular surface of grid and the axis of admission line, exhaust pipe Line rotates clockwise angle, and open range is -90 °~90 °;When initial installation, shunting grid aperture is 0 °.
The invention has the following advantages that
1. the control for shunting grid can not only play the protective effect of anti-overheat to electrothermal module, but also can be according to tail Tail gas stream is oriented to the two sides of heat collecting tank by the difference of temperature degree in different proportions, so that a part of thermoelectric power generation mould Block preferentially enters efficient operation, and then improves the overall output performance of temperature difference electricity generation device.
2. the fin design of thermal-arrest fin is continuous straight strip by the present invention, and short, upper and lower sides among finned length It is long;The exhaust back pressure of engine can be effectively reduced in the structure, to improve the practicability of device.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is temperature difference electricity generation device structure top view;
Fig. 2 is heat-collecting box internal structure chart;
Fig. 3 is to shunt grid control flow chart;
Fig. 4 is that electrothermal module connects circuit diagram.
In figure: 1- admission line, 2- pressure sensor, 2-1- air inlet pressure sensor, 2-2- back pressure transducer, 3- Electronic control module, 4- electrothermal module group, the main heat collector surface electrothermal module group of 4-1-, 4-1- assist heat collector surface electrothermal module group, 5- heat dissipation Fin, the main heat collector surface radiating fin of 5-1-, 5-1- assist heat collector surface radiating fin, 6- temperature sensor, the main heat collector surface temperature of 6-1- Spend sensor, 6-2- supplementary set hot-face temperature sensor, 7- heat collector surface, the main heat collector surface of 7-1-, 7-2- auxiliary heat collector surface, 8- electric power storage Module, 9- exhaust pipe, 10- heat collecting tank, 11- shunt grid, 12- thermal-arrest fin, the main heat collector surface thermal-arrest fin of 12-1-, 12- 2- assists heat collector surface thermal-arrest fin, 13- connection round bar, 14- shaft coupling, 15- stepper motor.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, a kind of temperature difference electricity generation device with tail gas flow-dividing control function, including heat collecting tank 10, into Feed channel 1 and exhaust pipe 9, heat collecting tank 10 are hollow, both ends open cabinet, and shape is a cuboid and two ribs The polyhedral that platform is spliced, admission line 1, exhaust pipe 9 are mutually welded by 10 liang of open ends of cover board and heat collecting tank respectively It connects, admission line 1 is connected with the exhaust pipe of engine, and exhaust pipe 9 is connected with automobile tail gas catalytic cleaner;This implementation Admission line 1 in example, exhaust pipe 9 material be Bai Gang, the material on four surfaces of cuboid is aluminium alloy, terrace with edge surface and lid The material of plate is stainless steel.
Former and later two surfaces of heat collecting tank 10 are the burnishing surface of thermal-arrest fin 12, and the fin of thermal-arrest fin 12 is towards cabinet Inside, in order to reduce the vapour lock in heat collecting tank 10, the length of fin is most short in 12 middle position of thermal-arrest fin, to heat-collecting box 10 upper and lower surface direction of body successively symmetrically increases, and close to longest at cabinet upper and lower surface, fin is continuously straight;Thermal-arrest fin 12 Burnishing surface the burnishing surface of radiating fin 5 (finned length of radiating fin 5 is consistent, and continuous straight) is bolted simultaneously It pre-tightens, and has certain spacing between two burnishing surfaces, for placing electrothermal module group 4, electrothermal module group 4 is two, and each 12 electrothermal modules series connection in electrothermal module group 4, every two electrothermal module group 4 is in parallel, as shown in Figure 4;Electrothermal module group 4 One end fit in the burnishing surface 7 of thermal-arrest fin 12, the other end of electrothermal module group 4 fits in the burnishing surface of radiating fin 5, heat Burnishing surface of the electric module group 4 respectively with the burnishing surface of thermal-arrest fin 12, radiating fin 5 fits, and is bonded on interface and smears Heat conductive silica gel, to improve the heating conduction and fitting flatness at interface;Electrothermal module group 4 is connected by conducting wire with power storage module 8, Power storage module 8 is battery;The burnishing surface of thermal-arrest fin 12 is also connected with temperature sensor 6, and temperature sensor 6 is connected by conducting wire Electronic control module 3, temperature signal are transmitted to electronic control module 3, and electronic control module 3 judges to shunt the corner of grid 11 by temperature signal; Electronic control module 3 is also connected with pressure sensor 2, stepper motor 15, admission line 1 and the punishment of 9 tube wall of exhaust pipe by conducting wire Air inlet pressure sensor 2-1 and back pressure transducer 2-2 are not installed, pressure signal is transmitted to electronic control module 3, for calculating The exhaust back pressure of temperature difference electricity generation device, and then limit the maximum opening for shunting grid 11;Stepper motor 15 by shaft coupling 14 with Connection 13 upper end of round bar is connected, and connection 13 lower end of round bar is protruded into inside heat collecting tank 10, and connects 13 bottom end of round bar and use spiral shell Line is connected with the shunting grid 11 of round pie, and shunting grid 11 can be around the axis rotation of connection round bar 13, shunting grid 11 Inside the heat-collecting box 10 at 1 end of admission line, the circular surface diameter for shunting grid 11 is identical as the internal diameter of admission line 1, When assembly, the center for shunting grid 11 be should be on the axis of admission line 1;When temperature difference electricity generation device does not work, grid are shunted The circular surface of piece 11 is consistent through direction with tail gas stream, in temperature difference electricity generation device work, shunts grid 11 by stepper motor 15 Control rotates by a certain angle.The angle that rotates clockwise of the disc and axis that shunt grid 11 is defined as grid aperture, aperture model Enclose is -90 °~90 °;When initial installation, shunting 11 aperture of grid is 0 °.In view of the performance of electrothermal module itself, pass through shunting More tail gas stream is oriented to main heat collector surface 7-1 by the guide functions of grid 11, so that the temperature prioritised rising of the side, to protect It demonstrate,proves main heat collector surface electrothermal module group 4-1 and is in efficient operation state, this is conducive to the whole power generation effect for improving temperature difference electricity generation device Energy.
A kind of course of work of the temperature difference electricity generation device with vehicle exhaust flow-dividing control function are as follows:
Motor exhaust enters temperature difference electricity generation device from admission line 1, flows through air inlet pressure sensor 2-1, and tail gas enters After heat collecting tank 10, through shunting the guide functions of grid 11, most of main heat collector surface thermal-arrest fin 12-1 of exhaust gas flow direction, main thermal-arrest Main heat collector surface 7-1 is conducted heat to after face thermal-arrest fin 12-1 is heated;Main heat collector surface 7-1 is as main heat collector surface electrothermal module The heat source of group 4-1, main heat collector surface radiating fin 5-1 form the temperature difference as cold source, in the two sides of main heat collector surface electrothermal module group 4-1 And generate thermoelectric;The exhaust gas flow direction of remaining part assists heat collector surface 7-2, heating auxiliary heat collector surface thermal-arrest fin 12-2, auxiliary Auxiliary heat collector surface 7-2 is conducted heat to after heat collector surface thermal-arrest fin 12-2 is heated;Assist heat collector surface 7-2 as auxiliary thermal-arrest The heat source of face electrothermal module group 4-2, auxiliary heat collector surface radiating fin 5-2 is as cold source, in auxiliary heat collector surface electrothermal module group 4-2 Two sides formed and the temperature difference and generate thermoelectric;Tail gas is flowed out from exhaust pipe road 9, flows through back pressure transducer 2-2;Air inlet Pressure sensor 2-1 and back pressure transducer 2-2 measures inlet and outlet pressure respectively, and pressure signal is delivered to electronic control module 3;Main heat collector surface temperature sensor 6-1 and supplementary set hot-face temperature sensor 6-2 measures 10 two sides collection hot wall of heat collecting tank respectively The temperature in face, and temperature signal is transmitted to electronic control module 3;After electronic control module 3 receives pressure and temperature signal, via such as attached Control flow shown in Fig. 3, control shunt grid 11 and carry out spinning movement;Electrothermal module group 4 produces electricl energy under action of thermal difference, The power storage module 8 in circuit is recycled by this part electricity collection and to store.
As shown in figure 3, the flow-dividing control method of temperature difference electricity generation device are as follows:
Step 1: main heat collector surface 7-1 being obtained by temperature sensor 6 respectively and assists the temperature T of heat collector surface 7-21And T2, lead to Over-voltage force snesor 2 obtains the stream pressure p of admission line 1 and exhaust pipe 9 respectively1And p2, temperature difference electricity generation device is calculated Exhaust pressure differential deltap p=P1-P2
Step 2: judging the temperature T of main heat collector surface 7-11Whether electrothermal module high-power operation temperature T is reachedpIf not reaching It arrives, then judges whether device pressure differential deltap p at this time reaches the safe pressure differential p that engine can bearsIf not reaching, improve The aperture of grid 11 is shunted, the heating to main heat collector surface 7-1 is reinforced, if having reached safe pressure differential, keeps shunting grid 11 Aperture it is constant;
Step 3: if the temperature T of main heat collector surface 7-11Have reached electrothermal module high-power operation temperature Tp, then continue to judge Whether the temperature of main heat collector surface 7-1 reaches electrothermal module resistance to extreme temperature TsIf not up to, keeping the aperture of shunting grid 11 not Become, if having reached resistance to extreme temperature, needs to reduce the aperture for shunting grid 11, prevent main heat collector surface electrothermal module group 4-1 from overheating Damage;
Step 4: if engraving device pressure difference has reached limit pressure difference p when a certainlim, then the adjustment of 11 aperture of grid will be shunted immediately It to 0 °, prevents engine from abnormal operating state occur, after pressure difference reduction, starts again at flow-dividing control;
Step 5: judging whether the wall surface temperature for assisting heat collector surface 7-2 is greater than electrothermal module resistance to extreme temperature Ts, special operation condition Under, when whether the temperature of auxiliary heat collector surface 7-1 reaches electrothermal module resistance to extreme temperature Ts, then the adjustment of 11 aperture of grid will be shunted immediately To 0 °.
The above briefly describes the present invention, not by above-mentioned working range limit value, as long as taking the present invention Thinking and working method carry out simple modification and apply to other equipment, or make and changing in the case where not changing central scope principle of the present invention It is within the scope of the present invention into the equal behaviors with retouching.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of temperature difference electricity generation device with vehicle exhaust flow-dividing control function, which is characterized in that including heat collecting tank (10), The heat collecting tank (10) is hollow, both ends open cabinet, and shape is that a cuboid and two terrace with edges are spliced Polyhedral;Described former and later two surfaces of heat collecting tank (10) are the burnishing surface of thermal-arrest fin (12), and thermal-arrest fin (12) For fin towards box house, the length of the fin is most short in thermal-arrest fin (12) middle position, successively symmetrical to increase, and is pasting The smooth of radiating fin (5) is bolted in longest at nearly cabinet upper and lower surface, the burnishing surface of the thermal-arrest fin (12) Face simultaneously pre-tightens, and has certain spacing between two burnishing surfaces, for placing electrothermal module group (4), the electrothermal module group (4) with Power storage module (8) is connected, and the burnishing surface of the thermal-arrest fin (12) is also connected with temperature sensor (6), the temperature sensor (6) It connects electronic control module (3), the electronic control module (3) is also connected with pressure sensor (2), stepper motor (15), the stepping electricity Machine (15) is connected by shaft coupling (14) with round bar (13) upper end is connect, and heat collecting tank is protruded into connection round bar (13) lower end (10) internal, and connect round bar (13) bottom end and be connected with shunting grid (11).
2. a kind of temperature difference electricity generation device with vehicle exhaust flow-dividing control function as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that It further include admission line (1) and exhaust pipe (9), the admission line (1), exhaust pipe (9) pass through cover board and thermal-arrest respectively It mutually welds (10) two open end of cabinet.
3. a kind of temperature difference electricity generation device with vehicle exhaust flow-dividing control function as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that The fin of the thermal-arrest fin (12) is continuously straight, and the finned length of the radiating fin (5) is consistent, and continuous straight.
4. a kind of temperature difference electricity generation device with vehicle exhaust flow-dividing control function as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that The shunting grid (11) is round pie.
5. a kind of temperature difference electricity generation device with vehicle exhaust flow-dividing control function as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that When temperature difference electricity generation device does not work, the circular surface for shunting grid (11) is consistent through direction with tail gas stream;It is filled in thermo-electric generation When setting work, shunts grid (11) and rotated by a certain angle by stepper motor (15) control.
6. a kind of temperature difference electricity generation device with vehicle exhaust flow-dividing control function as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that The circular surface diameter for shunting grid (11) is identical as the internal diameter of admission line (1).
7. a kind of temperature difference electricity generation device with vehicle exhaust flow-dividing control function as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that The electrothermal module group (4) is at least one, and the electrothermal module series connection in each electrothermal module group (4), every two thermoelectricity mould Block group (4) is in parallel.
8. a kind of temperature difference electricity generation device with vehicle exhaust flow-dividing control function as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that The power storage module (8) can use battery or supercapacitor.
9. a kind of flow-dividing control method of the temperature difference electricity generation device with vehicle exhaust flow-dividing control function, which is characterized in that when When temperature difference electricity generation device is just started to work, stepper motor (15) control shunts grid (11) and rotates by a certain angle, by most of tail Air-flow is oriented to main heat collector surface thermal-arrest fin (12-1), guarantees that main the temperature prioritised of heat collector surface thermal-arrest fin (12-1) reaches thermoelectricity mould The high-power operation temperature T of blockp;When temperature sensor (6) detects that the temperature of main heat collector surface thermal-arrest fin (12-1) side reaches To TpAfterwards, shunting grid (11) keeps aperture constant, if the temperature of main heat collector surface thermal-arrest fin (12-1) side will be more than heat The temperature tenability limit T of electric modules, adjusted by stepper motor (15) and shunt grid (11) aperture, reduction flows to main heat collector surface The exhaust flow of thermal-arrest fin side;When pressure sensor (2) detects that the exhaust back pressure of temperature difference electricity generation device is more than engine When the back pressure limit that can bear, stepper motor (15) will shunt grid (11) aperture regulation to 0 °, after back pressure reduction again Carry out flow-dividing control.
10. a kind of flow-dividing control of the temperature difference electricity generation device with vehicle exhaust flow-dividing control function as claimed in claim 9 Method, which is characterized in that shunt grid (11) aperture is defined as: shunt grid (11) circular surface and admission line (1), The axis of exhaust pipe (9) rotates clockwise angle, and open range is -90 °~90 °;When initial installation, shunt grid (11) Aperture is 0 °.
CN201710545802.4A 2017-07-06 2017-07-06 A kind of temperature difference electricity generation device and its flow-dividing control method with vehicle exhaust flow-dividing control function Active CN107201935B (en)

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