CN107201312B - Culture medium for rapidly culturing chlorella and culture method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a culture medium of chlorella suitable for photoautotrophic-heterotrophic mixed culture and a method for rapidly culturing chlorella by using the culture medium, wherein the main component of the culture medium composition is CH3COONa、NaCl、KH2PO4、K2HPO4、CH3CH2COONa、(NH4)2SO4、MgSO4、FeSO4、ZnSO4、MnSO4、Na2EDTA. The culture medium has low price, can remarkably improve the growth and propagation speed of chlorella, remarkably improves the cell density of the chlorella in a short time, and has short culture period. The culture method can quickly realize a high-density culture mode of the chlorella and reach the photoautotrophic level in the later culture period.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biology, and particularly relates to a culture medium for rapidly culturing chlorella and a culture method thereof.
Background
The chlorella is a spherical unicellular green alga with the diameter of 3-8 mu m, grows and breeds by photosynthesis, is a first artificially cultured microalgae, is rich in nutrient components such as amino acid, protein, polysaccharide, unsaturated fatty acid and the like, and has high medical care value. In aquaculture, chlorella promotes the growth and reproduction of zooplankton such as rotifer, copepods, cladocera and fairy shrimp, and can also be used as high-quality initial food for many fishes, shrimps and shellfishes to provide sufficient nutrient substances for the initial development stage of cultured animals. In addition, the chlorella can consume part of organic fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in the water body in the growth process, so that the aim of purifying and adjusting water quality is fulfilled, and the chlorella is an important microalgae resource in aquaculture application.
In order to ensure that the chlorella grows rapidly and densely and simultaneously can ensure high-quality chlorella cells, a culture medium and a method which are subjected to a heterotrophic culture stage at the early stage are required to be innovated and optimized to promote the rapid growth of the chlorella. Chinese patent CN 102465098A, CN 1807572A is a culture medium composition for rapidly culturing chlorella vulgaris, wherein the former is obtained by adding sodium sulfite and an organic carbon source on the basis of a conventional SE culture medium, so that the innovation is not great, and the operation is more complicated; the latter changes the culture medium formula, but the consumption rate of the organic carbon source glucose is higher, and the cost is higher; patent CN 104830691A describes a chlorella culture method, namely, in the middle of exponential growth phase, filtering out part of chlorella, and continuing culture after supplementing nutrient substances, so that the operation is complex, the middle of the exponential growth phase of chlorella is not easy to detect, the operation is inconvenient, and the method is not suitable for large-scale culture of chlorella.
Along with the development of aquaculture industry, the large-scale culture of chlorella is not short to expand, the cell quality of chlorella in the early heterotrophic stage directly influences the autotrophic condition of chlorella in the later stage, and meanwhile, the method is also the key for judging whether the chlorella can achieve high-density growth and propagation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a culture medium and a culture method suitable for photoautotrophic-heterotrophic mixed culture of chlorella. By combining the culture medium composition and the method, the chlorella can achieve high-quality and high-density culture effect in a short culture period, and the chlorella cells can reach photoautotrophic culture level after the culture is finished, so that large-scale culture is realized.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a culture medium for quickly culturing chlorella, and the main component of the culture medium composition is CH3COONa、NaCl、KH2PO4、K2HPO4、CH3CH2COONa、(NH4)2SO4、MgSO4、FeSO4、ZnSO4、MnSO4、Na2EDTA。
In one embodiment of the invention, the medium comprises the following components: CH (CH)3COONa 1.5～4g/L、NaCl 0.5～2g/L、KH2PO4 0.2～1.5g/L、K2HPO4 0.1～1g/L、CH3CH2COONa 0.1～1g/L、(NH4)2SO4 0.05～0.2g/L、MgSO4·7H2O 0.08～0.3g/L、FeSO4·7H2O 1～15mg/L、ZnSO4·7H2O 0.1～3mg/L、MnSO4·H2O 0.1～3mg/L、Na2EDTA 0.5～5mg/L。
Further, the culture medium contains the following components: CH (CH)3COONa 2.0～3.5g/L、NaCl 0.8～1.5g/L、KH2PO4 0.5～1.2g/L、K2HPO4 0.3～0.8g/L、CH3CH2COONa 0.3～0.8g/L、(NH4)2SO4 0.08～0.15g/L、MgSO4·7H2O 0.1～0.25g/L、FeSO4·7H2O 5～10mg/L、ZnSO4·7H2O 0.5～2mg/L、MnSO4·H2O 0.5～2mg/L、Na2EDTA 1.5～4mg/L。
Further, the medium contains the following components: CH (CH)3COONa 2.5～3g/L、NaCl 1～1.2g/L、KH2PO4 0.6～1g/L、K2HPO4 0.4～0.7g/L、CH3CH2COONa 0.4～0.7g/L、(NH4)2SO4 0.1～0.13g/L、MgSO4·7H2O 0.15～0.2g/L、FeSO4·7H2O 6～8mg/L、ZnSO4·7H2O 0.8～1.5mg/L、MnSO4·H2O 0.8～1.5mg/L、Na2EDTA 2～3mg/L。
Wherein the pH value of the culture medium is 7.0-7.5.
The invention also provides a method for quickly culturing chlorella by using the culture medium composition, which is to inoculate the chlorella into the culture medium with the initial inoculation amount of 105～106cells/mL, at a temperature of 26-32 ℃, an illumination intensity of 2800-3800 lux, a light-to-dark ratio of 16: 8, respectively aerating the algae liquid in the morning, the middle and the evening for 30min every day to prevent the algae cells from sinking; when the cell density of the algae reaches 107～108Adding glucose solution into the algae solution in an amount of 5-25 g per 1L of algae solution for continuous culture, wherein the cell density of algae reaches 2.0 × 108～2.5×108cells/mL, i.e., all pellets can be harvestedAlgae.
Compared with the prior art, the rapid chlorella culture medium composition and the culture method thereof disclosed by the invention can rapidly enable chlorella to become dominant algae species, and the preparation process and the culture method of the culture medium are simple and convenient; the culture medium composition can ensure that the chlorella vulgaris which is not acclimatized can reach a high-density culture level of chlorella vulgaris cells in a short culture period, the quality of the chlorella vulgaris cells reaches the same level as that of the chlorella vulgaris cultured by whole heterotrophic process, the protein content of the chlorella vulgaris cells is kept above 60%, and the chlorella vulgaris can be subjected to photoautotrophic culture when the culture period is finished, so that a rapid high-yield culture mode of the chlorella vulgaris is realized, and the culture medium composition has a wide application prospect.
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FIG. 1 comparative experiments with different Chlorella medium compositions.
FIG. 2 comparative experiments with different carbon sources added during the cultivation.
FIG. 3 comparative experiments with addition of glucose carbon source at different times during the cultivation.
FIG. 4 comparative experiment on the culture effect of 3 examples of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Weighing the components, dissolving in distilled water to prepare a culture medium:
CH3COONa 1.5g/L、NaCl 0.5g/L、KH2PO4 0.5g/L、K2HPO4 0.2g/L、CH3CH2COONa 0.5g/L、(NH4)2SO4 0.2g/L、MgSO4·7H2O 0.15g/L、FeSO4·7H2O 6mg/L、ZnSO4·7H2O 0.8mg/L、MnSO4·H2O 0.8mg/L、Na2EDTA 2 mg/L. The pH value of the culture medium is about 7.0.
The chlorella culture method comprises the following specific steps:
pressing Chlorella cells to 105The ratio of cells/mL is inoculated to the prepared culture mediumIn the composition, at a temperature of 26 ℃, a light intensity of 3400lux and a light-dark ratio of 16: 8, and aerating the algae liquid respectively in the morning, the middle and the evening for 30min each day with the aeration rate of 1L/min. In the middle and later stages of culture (about day 7, when the cell density of algae reaches 10)7～108cell/mL), adding glucose solution into the algae solution according to the amount of 10g of 1L algae solution, continuing culturing, and harvesting all chlorella on the 10 th day after inoculation.
Example 2
Weighing the components, dissolving in distilled water to prepare a culture medium:
CH3COONa 2.8g/L、NaCl 0.8g/L、KH2PO4 0.6g/L、K2HPO4 0.55g/L、CH3CH2COONa 0.5g/L、(NH4)2SO4 0.11g/L、MgSO4·7H2O 0.18g/L、FeSO4·7H2O 7mg/L、ZnSO4·7H2O 1mg/L、MnSO4·H2O 1.2mg/L、Na2EDTA 2.5 mg/L. The pH value is about 7.5.
The chlorella culture method comprises the following specific steps:
pressing Chlorella cells to 106The cells/mL ratio was inoculated into the prepared medium composition at a temperature of 28 ℃, a light intensity of 3000lux, a light-to-dark ratio of 16: 8, and aerating the algae liquid respectively in the morning, the middle and the evening for 30min each day with the aeration rate of 1L/min. In the middle and later stages of culture (about day 7, when the cell density of algae reaches 10)7～108cell/mL), adding glucose solution into the algae solution according to the amount of 5g of 1L algae solution, continuing culturing, and harvesting all chlorella on the 10 th day after inoculation. Example 3
Weighing the components, dissolving in distilled water to prepare a culture medium:
CH3COONa 4g/L、NaCl 2g/L、KH2PO4 1.5g/L、K2HPO4 1g/L、CH3CH2COONa 0.1g/L、(NH4)2SO4 0.08g/L、MgSO4·7H2O 0.25g/L、FeSO4·7H2O 15mg/L、ZnSO4·7H2O 3mg/L、MnSO4·H2O 2mg/L、Na2EDTA 5 mg/L. The pH value is about 7.3.
The chlorella culture method comprises the following specific steps:
pressing Chlorella cells to 106The cells/mL ratio was inoculated into the prepared medium composition at a temperature of 32 ℃, a light intensity of 2800lux, a light-to-dark ratio of 16: 8, and aerating the algae liquid respectively in the morning, the middle and the evening for 30min each day with the aeration rate of 1L/min. In the middle and later stages of culture (about day 7, when the cell density of algae reaches 10)7～108cell/mL), adding glucose solution into the algae solution according to the amount of 20g of 1L algae solution, continuing culturing, and harvesting all chlorella on the 10 th day after inoculation. Example 4
Weighing the components, dissolving in distilled water to prepare a culture medium:
CH3COONa 1.5g/L、NaCl 0.5g/L、KH2PO4 1.5g/L、K2HPO4 1g/L、CH3CH2COONa 0.1g/L、(NH4)2SO4 0.05g/L、MgSO4·7H2O 0.08g/L、FeSO4·7H2O 15mg/L、ZnSO4·7H2O 3mg/L、MnSO4·H2O 3mg/L、Na2EDTA 5 mg/L. The pH value is about 7.3.
The chlorella culture method comprises the following specific steps:
pressing Chlorella cells to 106The cells/mL ratio was inoculated into the prepared medium composition at a temperature of 30 ℃, an illumination intensity of 3800lux, a light-to-dark ratio of 16: 8, and aerating the algae liquid respectively in the morning, the middle and the evening for 30min each day with the aeration rate of 1L/min. In the middle and later stages of culture (about day 7, when the cell density of algae reaches 10)7～108cell/mL), adding glucose solution into the algae solution according to the dosage of 5g of 1L algae solution, continuing culturing, and harvesting all chlorella on the 10 th day after inoculation.
Example 5
Weighing the components, dissolving in distilled water to prepare a culture medium:
CH3COONa 4g/L、NaCl 2g/L、KH2PO4 0.2g/L、K2HPO4 0.1g/L、CH3CH2COONa 1g/L、(NH4)2SO4 0.2g/L、MgSO4·7H2O 0.3g/L、FeSO4·7H2O 1mg/L、ZnSO4·7H2O 0.1mg/L、MnSO4·H2O 0.1mg/L、Na2EDTA 0.5 mg/L. The pH value is about 7.4.
The chlorella culture method comprises the following specific steps:
pressing Chlorella cells to 106The cells/mL ratio was inoculated into the prepared medium composition at a temperature of 27 ℃, a light intensity of 3000lux, a light-to-dark ratio of 16: 8, and aerating the algae liquid respectively in the morning, the middle and the evening for 30min each day with the aeration rate of 1L/min. In the middle and later stages of culture (about day 7, when the cell density of algae reaches 10)7～108cell/mL), adding glucose solution into the algae solution according to the amount of 25g of 1L algae solution, continuing culturing, and harvesting all chlorella on the 10 th day after inoculation.
Test example 1
Comparative experiments were carried out using the chlorella culture medium composition and the culture method prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Flask 1 (experimental group): 300mL of the chlorella culture medium composition prepared in example 1 of the present invention was added to a 500m L Erlenmeyer flask, and the inoculum size was: the concentration is 1X 106200mL of chlorella solution per mL of cells;
the culture conditions are as follows: the culture was carried out according to the method for culturing chlorella as described in example 1.
Flask 2 (control) was incubated in a 500mL Erlenmeyer flask with 300mL f/2 algal medium consisting of NaNO375mg/L、NaH2PO4·H2O 5mg/L、Na2SiO3·9H2O 20mg/L、Na2EDTA 5mg/L、FeCl3·6H2O 3.5mg/L、CuSO4·5H2O 0.01mg/L、ZnSO4·7H2O 0.02mg/L、CoCl2·6H2O 0.02mg/L、MnCl·4H2O 0.2mg/L、Na2MoO4.·2H20.08mg/L of O, 10.1mg/L of vitamin B, 120.5mg/L of vitamin B, and 0.5mg/L of biotin, wherein the inoculation amount is as follows: the concentration is 1X 106200mL of chlorella solution per mL of cells; the culture conditions are as follows: in accordance with example 1.
The culture medium of the invention in the culture bottle 1 is used as an experimental group, the culture bottle 2 is used as a control group, chlorella cells of two bottles of algae liquid are respectively counted by a blood counting chamber every two days, and the result is shown in figure 1:
as can be seen from FIG. 1, the growth and propagation speed of the chlorella cells in the culture bottle 1 cultured by using the culture medium of the invention is obviously higher than that of the culture bottle 2 cultured by using the f/2 culture medium, and the cell density of the chlorella cells reaches 2.2X 10 at the end of the culture period of the tenth day8cell/mL, significantly higher than control by about 5X 107The growth speed of the chlorella using the culture medium is obviously higher than that of the f/2 culture medium in the middle and later periods, which shows that the chlorella culture medium composition and the culture method using the chlorella culture medium composition in the embodiment 1 have remarkable growth advantages.
Test example 2
Comparative experiments were conducted using the chlorella culture medium composition and the culture method prepared in example 2 of the present invention.
Flask 1 (experimental group): 300mL of the chlorella culture medium composition prepared in example 2 of the present invention was added to a 500m L Erlenmeyer flask, and the inoculum size was: the concentration is 1X 106200mL of chlorella solution per mL of cells;
the culture conditions are as follows: the culture of Chlorella was carried out according to the method described in example 2, and the cell density of the Chlorella reached 10 in the middle and late stages of the culture (about day 7)7～108cell/mL), 15g/L glucose was added to the algal solution to continue the culture, and all chlorella was harvested on the 10 th day after the inoculation.
In culture flask 2 (control group), 300mL of the chlorella culture composition prepared in example 2 of the present invention was added to a 500m L Erlenmeyer flask, and the inoculum size: the concentration is 1X 106Cells/m200mL of chlorella solution L; the culture conditions are as follows: the culture was carried out in the same manner as in example 1, and the cell density of algae reached 10 at the middle and late stages of the culture (day 6)7～108cell/mL), adding 15g/L urea to the algae solution, continuing the culture, and harvesting all chlorella on the 10 th day after inoculation.
The culture medium of the present invention in the culture bottle 1 was used as an experimental group, the culture bottle 2 was used as a control group, and chlorella cells in two bottles of algal fluid were counted with a blood counting plate every two days, and the results are shown in fig. 2.
As can be seen from FIG. 2, under the same culture conditions using the medium of the present invention, the growth of chlorella in the first two culture bottles was substantially equal, but after glucose and urea (organic carbon source and inorganic carbon source) were added to the two different culture bottles on the sixth day, the number of algal cells in the culture bottle 1 was gradually increased to be higher than that in the culture bottle 2, and the algal cell density in the later culture bottle 1 was about 2.3X 108cell/mL, algal cell density of about 1.8X 10 in flask 28The cell/mL and the growth rate of the algae cell culture bottle 1 are obviously higher than those of the culture bottle 2, which shows that the chlorella culture method adopting the middle and later stage glucose addition described in the embodiment 2 of the invention has obvious growth advantages under the condition of also using the culture medium prepared in the embodiment 2 of the invention.
Test example 3
Comparative experiments were carried out using the chlorella culture medium composition and culture method prepared in example 3 of the present invention.
In culture flask 1 (control group), 300mL of the chlorella culture composition prepared in example 3 of the present invention was added to a 500m L Erlenmeyer flask, and the inoculum size: the concentration is 1X 106200mL of chlorella solution per mL of cells; the culture conditions are as follows: in addition to the culture method described in example 1, except that 25g/L glucose was added to the algal solution at the early stage of culture (day 1), culture was performed, and all the chlorella was harvested at day 10 after inoculation.
Flask 2 (experimental group): 300mL of the chlorella culture medium composition prepared in example 3 of the present invention was added to a 500m L Erlenmeyer flask, and the inoculum size was: the concentration is 1X 106200mL of chlorella solution per mL of cells;
the culture conditions are as follows: the culture was carried out according to the method for culturing chlorella as described in example 3.
The results of counting chlorella cells in two bottles of algal fluid with a blood count plate every two days using the culture flask 1 as a control group and the culture medium of the present invention in the culture flask 2 as an experimental group are shown in fig. 3:
as can be seen from FIG. 3, the growth rate of the chlorella cells in the culture bottle 1 is better than that of the culture bottle 2 in the first six days due to the inoculation and the addition of glucose, the growth rate of the chlorella cells in the culture bottle 2 is remarkably improved after the culture bottle 2 is added on the sixth day, the concentration of the chlorella cells is equal to that of the culture bottle 1 on the seventh day, and the number of the chlorella cells in the culture bottle 2 exceeds that of the culture bottle 1 by about 3.2X 10 by the end of the culture period on the tenth day7cell/mL, demonstrating that chlorella has significant growth advantages when cultured using the medium and late stage glucose supplementation method described in example 3 of the present invention, under the same heterotrophic culture conditions using glucose.
Test example 4
Comparative experiments were conducted using the chlorella culture medium compositions and the culture methods prepared in examples 1, 2 and 3 of the present invention.
Culture flask 1: 300mL of the chlorella culture medium composition prepared in example 1 of the present invention was added to a 500m L Erlenmeyer flask, and the inoculum size was: the concentration is 1X 106200mL of chlorella solution per mL of cells;
the culture conditions are as follows: the culture was carried out according to the method for culturing chlorella as described in example 1.
Culture bottle 2: 300mL of the chlorella culture medium composition prepared in example 2 of the present invention was added to a 500m L Erlenmeyer flask, and the inoculum size was: the concentration is 1X 106200mL of chlorella solution per mL of cells;
the culture conditions are as follows: the culture was carried out according to the method described in example 2.
Culture bottle 3: 300mL of the chlorella culture medium composition prepared in example 3 of the present invention was added to a 500m L Erlenmeyer flask, and the inoculum size was: the concentration is 1X 106200mL of chlorella solution per mL of cells;
the culture conditions are as follows: the culture was carried out according to the method for culturing chlorella as described in example 3.
The results of comparative experiments on the culture medium compositions and the culture methods for Chlorella prepared in examples 1, 2 and 3 of the present invention are shown in FIG. 4.
The test results show that the chlorella culture medium compositions and the culture methods prepared in the embodiments 1, 2 and 3 of the invention can obviously improve the growth and propagation speed of the chlorella, wherein the chlorella culture bottle 2 cultured in the embodiment 2 has the best effect.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A chlorella culture method is characterized in that chlorella is inoculated into a culture medium, and the initial inoculation amount is 105～106cells/mL, at a temperature of 26-32 ℃, an illumination intensity of 2800-3800 lux, a light-to-dark ratio of 16: 8, respectively aerating the algae liquid in the morning, the middle and the evening for 30min every day to prevent the algae cells from sinking; when the cell density of the algae reaches 107～108Adding a glucose solution into the algae solution according to the amount of 5-25 g of 1L algae solution when the cells per mL, and continuing to culture until the cell density of the algae reaches 1.8 multiplied by 108～2.5×108When the cells are per mL, all chlorella can be harvested;
the culture medium contains the following components: CH (CH)3COONa 1.5～4g/L、NaCl 0.5～2g/L、KH2PO40.2～1.5g/L、K2HPO4 0.1～1g/L、CH3CH2COONa 0.1～1g/L、(NH4)2SO4 0.05～0.2g/L、MgSO4·7H2O 0.08～0.3g/L、FeSO4·7H2O 1～15mg/L、ZnSO4·7H2O 0.1～3mg/L、MnSO4·H2O 0.1～3mg/L、Na2EDTA 0.5～5mg/L；
The pH value of the culture medium is 7.0-7.5.
2. The chlorella cultivating method according to claim 1, wherein said culture medium comprises the following components: CH (CH)3COONa 2.0～3.5g/L、NaCl 0.8～1.5g/L、KH2PO40.5～1.2g/L、K2HPO4 0.3～0.8g/L、CH3CH2COONa 0.3～0.8g/L、(NH4)2SO4 0.08～0.15g/L、MgSO4·7H2O 0.1～0.25g/L、FeSO4·7H2O 5～10mg/L、ZnSO4·7H2O 0.5～2mg/L、MnSO4·H2O 0.5～2mg/L、Na2EDTA 1.5～4mg/L。
3. The chlorella cultivating method according to claim 2, wherein said culture medium comprises the following components: CH (CH)3COONa 2.5～3g/L、NaCl 1～1.2g/L、KH2PO40.6～1g/L、K2HPO4 0.4～0.7g/L、CH3CH2COONa 0.4～0.7g/L、(NH4)2SO4 0.1～0.13g/L、MgSO4·7H2O 0.15～0.2g/L、FeSO4·7H2O 6～8mg/L、ZnSO4·7H2O 0.8～1.5mg/L、MnSO4·H2O 0.8～1.5mg/L、Na2EDTA 2～3mg/L。
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