CN107199382B - A kind of PDC drill bit welding procedure - Google Patents
A kind of PDC drill bit welding procedure Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107199382B CN107199382B CN201710258630.2A CN201710258630A CN107199382B CN 107199382 B CN107199382 B CN 107199382B CN 201710258630 A CN201710258630 A CN 201710258630A CN 107199382 B CN107199382 B CN 107199382B
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- drill bit
- composite sheet
- pdc
- temperature
- soldering
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/008—Soldering within a furnace
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/20—Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/20—Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
- B23K1/206—Cleaning
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K3/00—Tools, devices, or special appurtenances for soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering, not specially adapted for particular methods
- B23K3/04—Heating appliances
- B23K3/047—Heating appliances electric
- B23K3/0475—Heating appliances electric using induction effects, e.g. Kelvin or skin effects
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3006—Ag as the principal constituent
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of new soldering processes of PDC drill bit, include welding preparation, brazing process, postweld heat preservation, it is characterised in that: wherein the welding preparation is that sandblasting, acetone cleaning pretreatment are carried out to bit body and PDC composite sheet；In the brazing process, brazing temperature is 660-690 DEG C；The postweld heat preservation is that PDC drill bit is put into insulation barrel after being brazed.Influence of the heating to bit body and composite sheet can be preferably minimized by the present invention, strengthened soldering strength, improved PDC drill bit in the drilling efficiency of bad ground.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil and gas well drilling field of tool, further in oil and gas well drilling operation, it is wide
The general polycrystalline diamond compact bit (hereinafter referred to as PDC drill bit) used, more particularly it relates to exist to PDC drill bit
New soldering processes in production process.
Background technique
PDC drill bit is mainly made of bit body, cutting tooth and connector etc..Bit body generally can be divided into carcass and steel by material
Two kinds of body, drill bit is accordingly divided into matrix drill bits and steel body bit.The bit body of matrix drill bits is using varigrained carbonization
The impregnating metal material of tungsten powder and different ratio is fitted into designed graphite jig to be formed through pressureless impregnation high temperature sintering, above
Cutting tooth position is reserved.The bit body of steel body bit is formed using monolith alloy steel wool is badly machined.PDC drill bit is cut
It cuts tooth and is divided into two kinds of structures of compound chip cutting tooth and tooth post formula cutting tooth, they are arranged on bit body according to certain rules.It is multiple
It closes piece to be made of polycrystalline diamond layer and tungsten carbide substrate, generally disc-shaped, polycrystalline diamond layer are composite sheet cutting tooths
Core.
Drill bit used in oil drilling mainly has three classes, i.e. rock bit at present, and diamond drill bit and scraper bore
Head.Diamond drill bit is divided into natural diamond bit by broken rock original part material, and polycrystalline diamond compact bit is (referred to as
PDC drill bit) and thermal stability polycrystalline diamond compact bit (abbreviation TSP drill bit).PDC drill bit presses drill bit hat material and cutting tooth knot
Structure divides can be divided into two class of tyre case PDC drill and steel body PDC drill bit again.
PDC drill bit is one of drilling technology three greatly innovation the 1980s, with the performance of its high-efficiency high-quality, is answered extensively
For in the fields such as coalfield, petroleum and geological prospecting.PDC drill bit soft shows the service life into medium ground drilling is complete
Long, high-efficient feature.But with the continuous expansion of PDC drill bit application range, in bad grounds such as broken, crack, heterogeneities
And there is PDC piece the heel and toe wears phenomenon such as to fall off, collapse tooth often to compared with hard formation drilling firmly, cause drilling life of bit significantly
Shorten.To find out its cause, the soldering processes of PDC drill bit are to restrict other than drill bit structure design, geological conditions and operation factors
One key factor of its service life, so the requirement to PDC soldering processes is also higher and higher.
Soldering is to make solder using metal material more low-melting than base material, and weldment and solder heat are melted to higher than solder
Point is lower than base material fusion temperature, soaks base material using liquid solder, fills play movement and realizes connection with base material phase counterdiffusion
The method of weldment.Brazing deformation is small, postwelding smooth and beautiful appearance, must carry out careful processing and stringent cleaning to bit body before soldering,
Except degreasing and blocked up oxidation film, guarantee interface fit-up gap.Gap generally requires between 0.01~0.1 millimeter.Soldering
When, the good bit body of surface clean and composite sheet are assembled together with connecting form, solder is placed near play movement or
Between play movement.After bit body and composite sheet, solder are heated to a little higher than brazing filler metal fusing point temperature, brazing filler metal melts (drill bit
Body and composite sheet are unfused), and be inhaled into and be full of between solid workpieces gap by capillarity, liquid solder and workpiece gold
Symbolic animal of the birth year counterdiffusion dissolution, composite sheet is welded in the tooth cave of bit body after condensation.
Intermediate-frequency heating furnace is a kind of power supply dress that power frequency 50HZ alternating current is changed into intermediate frequency (300HZ is up to 1000HZ)
It sets, this vortex is equally with the properties of electric current of intermediate frequency, that is, the free electron of metal itself is having in the metallic object of resistance
Flowing will generate heat.Such as a metal cylinder is placed in the induction coil of alternation electric current of intermediate frequency, metal cylinder
Do not contacted directly with induction coil, hot-wire coil self-temperature is very low, but periphery be heated to it is rubescent, even
Fusing, as long as and this rubescent and fusing the speed power that adjusts frequency size and electric current can be achieved with.If cylindrical body
Be placed on hub of a spool, then the temperature on cylindrical body periphery be it is the same, cylindrical body heating and fusing also without generate pernicious gas,
Optic pollution environment.Three-phase main-frequency alternating current is become direct current by intermediate-frequency heating furnace after rectification, then direct current is become adjustable
Electric current of intermediate frequency, supply generates highdensity magnetic by the intermediate frequency alternating current that flows through in capacitor and induction coil in induction coil
The line of force, and the metal material held in induction coil is cut, very big vortex is generated in metal material.Due to the heating method liter
Warm speed is fast, so oxidation is few, the oxidization burning loss of heating in medium frequency forging is only 0.5%.
PDC drill bit is made of cutting tooth, bit body and connector etc., cutting tooth i.e. diamond compact, also abbreviation PDC
Tooth.Diamond compact is the composite material of a kind of diamond and hard alloy substrate composition, have hardness is high, wearability is good,
The characteristics of self-sharpening is good, good integral strength, be widely used in oil drilling, geological prospecting, on coalfield drilling drill bit and it is mechanical plus
The industries such as work tool.But diamond compact has the defect of a thermal stability difference again.Composite sheet is made of many kinds of substance
, when temperature is more than 700 DEG C, the internal stress due to caused by the thermal expansion coefficient of different material in composite sheet is different can cause again
It closes and cracks and rupture inside piece.But the best brazing temperature in tooth cave is at 680 DEG C~700 DEG C on composite sheet and bit body,
It is brazed in this temperature range, it is ensured that the soldering strength in tooth cave and composite sheet.Therefore, control brazing temperature is just at manufacture
One of technique of most critical in PDC drill bit.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to guarantee that bit body is preheating to most suitable pricker using a kind of novel intermediate-frequency heating furnace
Temperature is welded, soldering strength is strengthened, guarantees that PDC drill bit the improper mill such as does not fall off, do not collapse tooth compared with PDC piece in hard formation in drilling
Damage.
To achieve the above object, The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
A kind of new soldering processes of PDC drill bit include welding preparation, soldering, postweld heat preservation.
More specifically, carrying out sandblasting, acetone cleaning pretreatment to bit body and PDC composite sheet before weldering.
More specifically, efficiently controlling brazing temperature in brazing process and being necessary in a certain range.
More specifically, PDC drill bit is put into dedicated insulation barrel after soldering.
More specifically, being added present invention is generally directed to the control of temperature in brazing process using a kind of rotatable three axis intermediate frequency
Hot stove.
More specifically, the tooth cave of PDC drill bit is modified, composite sheet, which puts in, to be rotated freely before soldering；By the bizet of drill bit
(2) and composite sheet (5) carries out sandblasting, acetone cleaning.
More specifically, soldering preheating, the drill bit of bizet after sandblasting (2) coated with flux is packed on workbench, thermocouple
Connecting wire (6) connects the tooth cave (13) of drill bit, covers heating stove top case (7), starts heating furnace, and temperature controller is arranged
It 700 DEG C, waits and closes heating furnace after reaching set temperature, prepare to start brazing operation.
More specifically, bell (15) are removed when soldering, according to outside until gauge teeth from the center of wing (14)
Sequence, solderer heats tooth cave (13), and the solder flux of thin layer is sprayed into perforation, while in the bottom of tooth cave (13)
Silver solder is infiltrated with tooth cave (13) inner surface；Turn tooth work tweezers to take out from composite sheet special box (11), is put into respective teeth cave
(13) in, composite sheet (5) are rotated with specific purpose tool, solderer controls heating temperature, while to the top of composite sheet (5) and back
Welding wire is melted in portion, turns tooth work and determines that the angle and direction of composite sheet (5) stops after adjusting composite sheet (5) position as requested
Only heating applies pressure to composite sheet simultaneously, then it is expressed to bottom by the air and impurity squeezed out in gap, sprays a small amount of
Solder flux, pincers welder clog seam with a small amount of silver solder, repeat above-mentioned movement, until all composite sheets (5) are all welded to
Until on drill bit.
More specifically, PDC drill bit is put into dedicated insulation barrel and carries out isothermal holding, can reduce cooling after soldering
The internal stress generated in the process is conducive to improve welding quality.
More specifically, PDC drill bit basis material uses 45# carbon steel or YG8 hard alloy；
More specifically, the infiltration silver solder selects the ag-cu solder with a thickness of 0.l mm, chemical component is mass parts:
Ag54, Cu14, Zn22, Ni3.5, Mn6.5,630-690 DEG C of fusion temperature；
More specifically, the infiltration silver solder selects the ag-cu solder with a thickness of 0.l mm, chemical component is mass parts:
Ag54, Cu13, Zn15.5, Ni1.7, Cd15.8,620-690 DEG C of fusion temperature；
More specifically, the solder flux selects QJ102 brazing flux and F500A brazing flux
More specifically, PDC composite sheet and the brazing temperature of YG8 hard alloy are controlled at 690 DEG C；
More specifically, PDC composite sheet and the brazing temperature of 45# steel are controlled at 670 DEG C.
More specifically, soldering pressure is 2MP-4MPa under 690 DEG C of brazing temperatures；
More specifically, the Intermediate Frequency Induction Heating Equipment includes that induction coil, power supply indicator, work light, over-voltage refer to
Show lamp, overheating indicator lamp, overcurrent indicator light, owe water indicator light, cooling indicator light, start button, stop button, Program transformation by
Button, heating power adjusting knob, heat preservation power regulating knob, manual/auto selection switch, export current digital display, time showing,
Control power switch；
More specifically, the Intermediate Frequency Induction Heating Equipment control system includes Fuzzy control system and synchronous data collection system
System two parts；By load, infrared radiation thermometer, pre-amplification circuit, A/D chip, single-chip computer control system and mid-frequency induction heating
The Fuzzy control system of equipment composition forms closed loop, the brazing temperature in Control experiment；Channels Synchronous Data Acquisition System include load,
Infrared radiation thermometer, A/D transition card and microcomputer；The two is linked together by the output signal of infrared radiation thermometer；The infrared survey
Wen Yi uses the HSM-672 of U.S. Wahl company.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Influence of the heating to bit body and composite sheet can be preferably minimized by the present invention, strengthen soldering strength, improve PDC brill
Drilling efficiency of the head in bad ground.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic front view of the rotatable three axis intermediate-frequency heating furnace of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the top view of the rotatable three axis intermediate-frequency heating furnace of the present invention；
Fig. 3 show medium frequency inductive brazing fuzzy control of the present invention and Channels Synchronous Data Acquisition System structure chart；
Fig. 4 show the maximum, force and shear strength relationship that the technique before carries out the soldering shearing that Braze tests obtain
Figure；
Fig. 5 show the maximum, force and shear strength relationship that technique of the invention carries out the soldering shearing that Braze tests obtain
Figure.
In Fig. 1: 1. heating furnaces, 2.PDC drill bit, 3. gauges, 4. connectors, 5. composite sheets, 6. thermocouple connecting wires,
7. upper cover, 8. turntables one, 9. turntables two, in 10. heating furnace idler wheel Fig. 2: 11. put the special box of composite sheet, 12. hydrophthalmias
Hole, 13 tooth caves, 14. wings, 15. detachable side square covers.
Specific embodiment
A specific embodiment of the invention is described briefly with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Firstly, in the present invention only about direction "front", "rear", "left", "right", " upper (top) ", " under (bottom) ", " side "
Based on the state that drill bit in attached drawing 1 of the present invention is placed, it is easy to understand technical solution of the present invention and the definition that carries out, this field skill
Art personnel it is understood that these about direction definition and should not be construed as to the claims in the present invention and technical solution
Limitation；Secondly intermediate-frequency heating furnace used in the present invention is a kind of device used in technique, also Ying Youqi in soldering processes
His many steps and apparatus.
A kind of new soldering processes of PDC drill bit, soldering processes are the critical processes of PDC drill bit manufacture, and main includes before welding
Prepare, soldering, postweld heat preservation.
More specifically, carrying out the pretreatments such as sandblasting, acetone cleaning to bit body and PDC composite sheet before weldering, brill can be improved
Soldering strength between head body and PDC composite sheet.
More specifically, efficiently controlling brazing temperature in brazing process and being necessary in a certain range.
More specifically, PDC drill bit is put into dedicated insulation barrel after soldering.
More specifically, present invention is generally directed to the control of temperature in brazing process, using in a kind of novel rotatable three axis
Frequency heating furnace, its heat of induction heating itself generate in bit body, so homogeneous heating, the core table temperature difference is minimum, guarantees drill bit
Body integrally heats, and can realize the accurate control to temperature using temperature control system.Collect weld preheating and soldering one, bit body top
The compensating wire of connection thermocouple, the guarantee attainable actual temperature of bit body itself, rather than the temperature in furnace.Composite sheet is pre-
Heat is good, is put into the place of heating furnace opening, reduces the loss of temperature when folding up composite sheet.In the design due to every composite sheet
Angle is all different, and all that optimal angle is adjusted in soldering with regard to most important, this heating furnace can be rotated arbitrarily, guarantees real
The needs of border weldering tooth.
Before soldering, the tooth cave of PDC drill bit is modified, composite sheet, which puts in, to be rotated freely.By the bizet (2) of drill bit and compound
Piece (5) carries out sandblasting, acetone cleaning, and the weld strength between drill bit tooth cave and composite sheet (5) can be improved.
Soldering preheating, the drill bit of bizet after sandblasting (2) coated with flux is packed on workbench, the connecting wire of thermocouple
(6) the tooth cave (13) for connecting drill bit, covers heating stove top case (7), starts heating furnace.700 DEG C of temperature controller of setting, etc.
Heating furnace is closed after reaching set temperature, prepares to start brazing operation.
When soldering, remove bell (15), according to from the center of wing (14) outward until gauge teeth sequence.Pricker
Welder heats tooth cave (13), and the solder flux of thin layer is sprayed into perforation, while in the bottom and tooth cave of tooth cave (13)
(13) inner surface infiltrates silver solder.Turn tooth work tweezers to take out from composite sheet special box (11), be put into respective teeth cave (13),
Composite sheet (5) are rotated with specific purpose tool, solderer controls heating temperature, while melting to the top of composite sheet (5) and back
Welding wire turns the angle and direction that tooth work determines composite sheet (5) as requested and stops heating after adjusting composite sheet (5) position
Apply pressure to composite sheet simultaneously, then it is expressed to bottom by the air and impurity squeezed out in gap, spray a small amount of solder flux, is clamped
Welder clogs seam with a small amount of silver solder.Above-mentioned movement is repeated, until all composite sheets (5) are all welded on drill bit and are
Only.
After soldering, PDC drill bit is put into dedicated insulation barrel and carries out isothermal holding, can reduce in cooling procedure and generate
Internal stress, be conducive to improve welding quality.
PDC drill bit basis material uses 45# carbon steel and YG8 hard alloy, and chemical component and performance are shown in Table 1/ respectively
2:
The chemical component and mechanical property of 1 45# carbon steel of table
The chemical component and mechanical property of 2 YG8 hard alloy of table
The ag-cu solder with a thickness of 0.lmm is selected, chemical component is as shown in the table:
The chemical component and fusion temperature of the solder of the present invention of table 3
Brazing flux selects QJ102 brazing flux and F500A brazing flux, chemical component and active temperature as shown in the table
The chemical component and fusion temperature of the brazing flux of the present invention of table 4
Through overtesting, present invention knows that various PDC drill bits have the solder for being most suitable for itself, brazing flux collocation.Solder melts
It selects and the active temperature and performance of performance and brazing flux matches, then can be reduced the brazing defects such as stomata, slag inclusion, obtain even tissue
Soldered fitting；Conversely, solder and brazing flux performance mismatch, then brazing defect can be bred, reduce brazing property.It is multiple for PDC
Piece and YGS hard alloy high-frequency induction brazing are closed, it is better than with the 2# solder containing Cd using the 1# solder containing Mn.Using 1# solder with
Soldered fitting shear strength highest when QJ102 brazing flux is arranged in pairs or groups, and the soldered fitting that 2# solder and QJ102 brazing flux collocation mode obtain
Performance is worst.When being brazed PDC composite sheet and 45# steel, the shear strength of connector is obtained obviously than using 1# solder using 2# solder
Height.When two kinds of solders, two kinds of brazing flux collocation, PDC composite sheet and 45# drill rod plumb joint shear strength size are successively are as follows: 2#-
F500A collocation, 2#-QJ102 collocation, l#-QJ102 collocation, l#-F500A collocation.
In the present invention Braze tests find, 2# solder formed weld seam ratio 1# solder it is thick；But be brazed PDC composite sheet with
The weld seam shear strength of 1# solder is high when YG8 hard alloy, and is brazed PDC composite sheet and cuts with the weld seam for when 45# steel being 2# solder
Shearing stress is high.Brazing temperature is higher, and the binding performance of PDC composite sheet and cutter hub is better, and the shear strength of PDC cutter is bigger, weldering
It is smaller to stitch thickness.However, the oxidation of solder aggravates after brazing temperature reaches certain temperature, dreg defect, and alloy are caused
Component, which is sharply evaporated, causes stomata, causes the increase of soldered fitting bond strength unobvious with the raising of welding temperature.Therefore, it is
The brazing temperature of the preferable soldered fitting of acquisition comprehensive performance, PDC composite sheet and YG8 hard alloy should be controlled at 690 DEG C,
PDC composite sheet and the brazing temperature of 45# steel are preferably controlled in 670 degrees centigrades.
With the increase of soldering pressure, shear strength first increases and then decreases, shear strength is not substantially after reaching certain value
Become；And throat depth reduces with the increase of pressure, finally tends to definite value.Under 690 DEG C of brazing temperatures, soldering pressure is
Availability excellent soldered fitting when 2MP-4MPa.It answers Welding and applies soldering pressure with ceramic rod and be all remarkably improved
The bond strength of soldered fitting, but also can use cheap 2# solder instead of 1# solder reduction production cost, it is suitble to
The production of small lot PDC drill bit；In addition, the type of cooling has vital influence, cooling procedure processing to the performance of soldered fitting
The improper concentration that can cause welding stress, leads to the destruction of connector part, reduces the shear strength of soldered fitting, PDC drill bit
The reasonable type of cooling must be taken after soldering to prevent oxidation because of soldered fitting and crackle from may cause PDC drill bit usability
The reduction of energy is even scrapped.The present invention has found that land plaster cooling is better than air cooled effect through overtesting.
Intermediate Frequency Induction Heating Equipment in the present invention includes induction coil, and wherein the shape and size of induction coil determine equipment
Working oscillation frequency, the present invention in Intermediate Frequency Induction Heating Equipment working frequency, when frequency is too low, equipment can reduce automatically plus
Thermal power, and when frequency is too high, can power device in moment scaling loss equipment, so, when using individual pen induction coil or
When induction coil very little, it is excessively high and cause equipment fault to may cause frequency.The panel leds of the welding machine and the function of button
It is as follows:
Power supply indicator: control switch power supply switch is closed, this lamp is bright to indicate electricity；
Work light: when normal heating, the flashing of this lamp, while buzzer " tick, tick " sound, about once per second；Work as equipment
When failure, this lamp and buzzer sound are also abnormal, can be used as the foundation for judging equipment fault；
Over-voltage indicator light: this equipment input voltage is single-phase 220V, and permission maximum input voltage is 245v, works as input voltage
When more than 245V, equipment can be automatically stopped work, and over-voltage indicator light is bright, and issue and continue buzzer, when input voltage is lower than
When 245V, alarm is automatically terminated, and over-voltage indicator light extinguishes；
Overheating indicator lamp: in equipment in power device radiator, the switch of 55 DEG C of temperature is installed, when radiator
When temperature is higher than 55 DEG C, equipment can be automatically stopped work, and overheating indicator lamp is bright, and issue and continue buzzer；Increase water flow, drop
The water temperature of low cooling water, when making radiator temperature lower than 55 DEG C, alarm is automatically terminated, and overheating indicator lamp extinguishes；
Overcurrent indicator light: this lamp is bright may to be occurred in a case where: (a) interference signal；(b) device temperature mistake in equipment
It is high；(c) equipment fault；(d) workpiece is contacted with induction coil causes induction coil short-circuit；(e) contact between the circle of induction coil and circle；
(f) network pressure is too low or power grid carrying load ability is too poor, and when this lamp is bright, equipment is automatically stopped work, and issues and continue buzzer, closes
Fall to control power switch and reopen, alarm can release, and such as occur overcurrent repeatedly, then having to find out reason design can arrange
It removes；
It owes water indicator light: a hydraulic pressure switch is installed in this equipment, when the pressure of cooling water is lower than 0.2MPa, equipment
It can be automatically stopped work, it is bright water indicator light is owed, and issue and continue buzzer, increase water pressure, alarm automatically terminates, and owes water instruction
Lamp extinguishes, and when there is owing water, can attempt to release with following method and owe water alarm: first block water outlet, make the hydraulic pressure of cooling water
Increase is attracted pressure switch, then again restores water outlet, when hydraulic pressure is less low, can maintain work with the method, but work as water
When pressing too low, the method is invalid, it is necessary to improve cooling water；Heating lamp: no matter in manual mode or auto state, heating
When, this lamp is bright；Insulation indicator lamp: under automatic mode, when heat preservation, this lamp is bright；
Cooling indicator light: is under auto state, and when cooling, this lamp is bright；
Starting touches the button: when " manual ", this button is clicked, equipment is begun to warm up, and when " automatic ", this button is clicked,
Equipment is automatically performed heating, heat preservation, cooling procedure by the time self-clocking mixed up, and when being remotely controlled using floor push, this is pressed
Button does not work；
Stop button: no matter in " manual " or " automatic " state, this button is clicked, equipment stops heating and timing；
Program transformation button: this button is only effective under " automatic " state, and under automatic mode, pressing this button can be with hand
Turn changes one one cooling procedure of heat preservation of heating, is usually used in during engineer testing；
Heating power adjusting knob: under " automatic " or " manual " state, adjusting the size that electric current is exported when heating, thus
Adjust heating speed；
It keeps the temperature power regulating knob: only under " automatic " state, output size of current when heat preservation is adjusted, when adjusting heat preservation
Heating speed；
Manual/auto selection switch: when switch sets " manual ", time control does not work, time showing heating time,
Without heat preservation and the state of cooling, switch is when setting " automatic ", heating, keep the temperature, cooling procedure is set the time and is carried out automatically by giving；
Export current digital display: the size of output oscillating current when display heating or heat preservation, then heating is fast greatly for electric current；
Time showing: in " manual " state, showing heating time, in " automatic " state, successively shows heating, heat preservation, cold
But the time；
Control power switch: for equipment control loop power switch；
Fig. 3 show medium frequency inductive brazing fuzzy control of the present invention and Channels Synchronous Data Acquisition System structure chart, as shown,
Whole system includes Fuzzy control system and Channels Synchronous Data Acquisition System two parts.By load, infrared radiation thermometer, preposition amplification electricity
The Fuzzy control system that road, A/D chip, single-chip computer control system and Intermediate Frequency Induction Heating Equipment form forms closed loop, control examination
Brazing temperature in testing.Channels Synchronous Data Acquisition System includes load, infrared radiation thermometer, A/D transition card and microcomputer.The two is to pass through
What the output signal of infrared radiation thermometer linked together.Infrared radiation thermometer of the invention uses the HSM-672 of U.S. Wahl company.
It is tested on universal testing machine with six kinds of samples, is brazed with technique before, test the soldering obtained
The maximum, force and shear strength of shearing are as shown in Figure 4.
It is tested using soldering processes of the present invention, the maximum, force and shear strength of the soldering shearing obtained are such as
Fig. 5 shows.
It is compared to be apparent from according to the data to both above technique and be existed using the soldering processes in the present invention
Maximum, force, shear strength are got well than the weld strength of soldering processes before in shearing test, and new soldering processes test piece number (Test pc No.)
2, the maximum, force in 3,4 is all artificial to stop pressure.What those skilled in the art can be appreciated that finds the excellent of new soldering processes
More property, the brazing temperature of old soldering processes are not the best fusion temperature of silver solder and hat body material.
In December, -2016 in October, 2016, the graduate technical staff of grand celebration drilling well use new soldering processes to the present invention
The new PDC drill bit of welding is tracked, and after the PDC drill bit for using 6 215.9mmJKP-6 models altogether, does not find tooth, tipping
Equal heel and toe wears phenomenon.And the degree of wear of composite sheet is obviously reduced, the drilling depth of average every drill bit increases 10% or so,
The degree of wear of composite sheet reduces 20% or so.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but content is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention,
It should not be considered as limiting the scope of the invention.Any changes and modifications in accordance with the scope of the present application,
It should still be within the scope of the patent of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of new soldering processes of PDC drill bit include welding preparation, brazing process, postweld heat preservation, it is characterised in that: wherein
The welding preparation is that sandblasting, acetone cleaning pretreatment are carried out to bit body and PDC composite sheet；In the brazing process, soldering
Temperature is 660-690 DEG C；The postweld heat preservation is that PDC drill bit is put into insulation barrel after being brazed；Temperature in the brazing process
Control, is controlled using Intermediate Frequency Induction Heating Equipment；Before soldering, the tooth cave of PDC drill bit is modified, PDC composite sheet puts in
It rotates freely；The bizet of drill bit and PDC composite sheet are subjected to sandblasting, acetone cleaning；Then by bizet coated with flux after sandblasting
Drill bit is packed on workbench, and the tooth cave of the connecting wire connection drill bit of thermocouple covers heating stove top case, starting heating
Furnace, the temperature that temperature controller is arranged is 680-700 DEG C, waits and closes heating furnace after reaching set temperature, and preparation starts soldering and makees
Industry；When soldering, remove bell, according to from the center of wing outward until gauge teeth sequence, solderer to tooth cave into
Row heats, and the solder flux of thin layer is sprayed into perforation, while infiltrating silver solder in the bottom in tooth cave and tooth cave inner surface；Turn tooth work
PDC composite sheet is taken out from composite sheet special box with tweezers, is put into respective teeth cave, rotates PDC composite sheet, pricker with specific purpose tool
Welder controls heating temperature at 680-700 DEG C, while melting welding wire to the top of PDC composite sheet and back, turns tooth work according to wanting
The angle and direction for seeking determining PDC composite sheet stops heating and applies simultaneously to PDC composite sheet after adjusting the composite sheet position PDC
Then it is expressed to bottom, sprays a small amount of solder flux, a small amount of silver of solderer by plus-pressure, the air and impurity squeezed out in gap
Solder clogs seam, above-mentioned movement is repeated, until all PDC composite sheets are all welded on drill bit；It, will after soldering
Isothermal holding is carried out in the insulation barrel that PDC drill bit is put into, and fills heat-preservation cotton in the insulation barrel；PDC drill bit basis material uses
45# carbon steel or YG8 hard alloy；The infiltration silver solder selects the ag-cu solder with a thickness of 0.1mm, and chemical component is matter
Amount part: Ag54, Cu13, Zn15.5, Ni1.7, Cd15.8,620-690 DEG C of fusion temperature；The solder flux select QJ102 brazing flux and
F500A brazing flux；PDC composite sheet and the brazing temperature of YG8 hard alloy are controlled at 690 DEG C；The soldering of PDC composite sheet and 45# steel
Temperature is controlled at 670 DEG C；Under 690 DEG C of brazing temperatures, soldering pressure is 2MPa-4MPa；
The Intermediate Frequency Induction Heating Equipment control system includes Fuzzy control system and Channels Synchronous Data Acquisition System two parts；By bearing
Load, infrared radiation thermometer, pre-amplification circuit, A/D chip, single-chip computer control system and Intermediate Frequency Induction Heating Equipment form fuzzy
Control system forms closed loop, the brazing temperature in Control experiment；The Channels Synchronous Data Acquisition System includes load, infrared measurement of temperature
Instrument, A/D transition card and microcomputer；The two is linked together by the output signal of infrared radiation thermometer；The mid-frequency induction heating
Equipment includes induction coil, power supply indicator, work light, over-voltage indicator light, overheating indicator lamp, overcurrent indicator light, and deficient water refers to
Show lamp, heating lamp, insulation indicator lamp, cooling indicator light, start button, stop button, Program transformation button, heating power
Adjusting knob keeps the temperature power regulating knob, and manual/auto selection switch exports current digital display, time showing, and control power supply is opened
It closes.
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| CN201710258630.2A CN107199382B (en) | 2017-04-19 | 2017-04-19 | A kind of PDC drill bit welding procedure |
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| CN201710258630.2A CN107199382B (en) | 2017-04-19 | 2017-04-19 | A kind of PDC drill bit welding procedure |
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| CN107199382B true CN107199382B (en) | 2019-05-21 |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108971905A (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2018-12-11 | 立府精密机械有限公司 | A kind of production technology of PDC drill bit welding |
| CN109773295B (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2021-06-11 | 北京卫星制造厂有限公司 | Drill bit brazing and nondestructive testing method for lunar soil drilling |
| CN111575701B (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2022-08-23 | 广西机械工业研究院有限责任公司 | Production line for laser cladding of drill bit |
| CN115446413B (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2023-08-22 | 六安煜晟电子科技有限公司 | PCB drill bit production is with device of brazing |
| CN115889918B (en) * | 2022-12-23 | 2024-03-08 | 郑州机械研究所有限公司 | Brazing method of PDC cutting pick and PDC cutting pick |
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