CN209648118U - A kind of multi- scenarios method heating auxiliary drill unit - Google Patents
A kind of multi- scenarios method heating auxiliary drill unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN209648118U CN209648118U CN201920222845.3U CN201920222845U CN209648118U CN 209648118 U CN209648118 U CN 209648118U CN 201920222845 U CN201920222845 U CN 201920222845U CN 209648118 U CN209648118 U CN 209648118U
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Abstract
A kind of multi- scenarios method heating auxiliary drill unit, belongs to technical field of mechanical processing.The multi- scenarios method heating auxiliary drill unit, including conducting slip ring, dynamometer, laser pre-heating system and electric heating assist drilling system, and laser pre-heating system includes industrial personal computer, laser generator and laser head, and it includes power supply that electric heating, which assists drilling system,.The multi- scenarios method heating auxiliary drill unit, it suitable for the drilling of difficult-to-machine material aperture, solves the problems, such as that bit wear is violent and processing quality is poor, the number of more bit change and the measurement of bit wear value can be reduced, manufacturing cost is reduced, realizes the maximization of drilling processing efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to technical field of mechanical processing, in particular to a kind of multi- scenarios method heating auxiliary drill unit.
Background technique
Electric heating Drill Techniques are that low-voltage and high-current is passed between workpiece and drill bit, workpiece and brill in drilling process
Contact resistance is generated between head, generates a large amount of Joule heats rapidly, high temperature reduces the intensity of deformable material, hardness, and therefore, electricity adds
Heat auxiliary Drill Techniques can reduce drill thrust and torque, and abrasion of the lightening material to drill bit improves bit life.But electricity adds
Point of a knife temperature is higher in hot drilling process, reduces drill bit intensity and exacerbates the bonding abrasion of drill bit, constrains the drill bit longevity
Life further increases.Laser heating combines electric heating auxiliary drilling that can not only accelerate the softening of shear-deformable area's material, mentions
High material deformability, additionally it is possible to be more easier to be discharged after forming chip, reduce and cause aperture to increase because of the scraping of chip
Big phenomenon improves hole machined quality.
Foreign scholar has carried out the experimental study of electric heating drilling to difficult processing metals such as high temperature alloy, hardened steels,
The advantages of demonstrating electric heating drilling can reduce bit wear while improving processing efficiency.But these materials belong to
In the hole of the difficult-to-machine materials such as dystectic difficult-to-machine material, such as particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material, high temperature alloy, titanium alloy
Processing needs long period logical very high current to be heated to be suitable for drilling temperature in electric heating drilling process, and high temperature at this time is given
Drilling drill bit brings biggish thermal damage, exacerbates the bonding abrasion of drill bit, reduces the service life of drill bit, to guarantee to add
Work precision, it has to which frequent more bit change, this will greatly increase manufacturing cost.
Summary of the invention
When in order to solve the small hole machined of difficult-to-machine material existing in the prior art, machining accuracy serious to bit wear without
The technical problems such as method guarantee, the utility model provide a kind of multi- scenarios method heating auxiliary drill unit, are suitable for hardly possible and process material
The drilling for expecting aperture, solves the problems, such as that bit wear is violent and processing quality is poor, can reduce more bit change and drill bit
The number of attrition value measurement, reduces manufacturing cost, realizes the maximization of drilling processing efficiency.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution of the utility model is:
A kind of multi- scenarios method heating auxiliary drill unit, is mounted on drilling machine or milling machine, including conducting slip ring, dynamometry
Instrument, laser pre-heating system and electric heating assist drilling system；
The conducting slip ring is circular ring structure, and the conducting slip ring is mounted on drill press spindle, and conducting slip ring and drilling machine
Main shaft is connected by insulator one, and the lower section of the drill press spindle is connect with drill bit, and the conducting slip ring is electrically connected with drill bit, institute
The lower section for stating drill bit is equipped with workpiece, and the lower section of the workpiece is connect with insulator two, and the insulator two is mounted on dynamometer；
The laser pre-heating system includes industrial personal computer, laser generator and laser head, the industrial personal computer and laser generator
Input terminal connection, the output end of the laser generator connect with laser head, and the top of workpiece is arranged in the laser head；
The electric heating auxiliary drilling system includes power supply, and one end of the power supply is connect with conducting slip ring, the power supply
The other end connect with workpiece, be in series on the connecting line that one end of the power supply is connect with conducting slip ring ammeter and sampling electricity
It hinders, is parallel with voltmeter on the sample resistance, is in series on the connecting line that the other end of the power supply is connect with workpiece equivalent
Resistance and inductance.
The lower section of the drill press spindle is connect with drill bit by drill chuck head.
Insulating cement is equipped between the drill press spindle and drill chuck head, to guarantee that drill press spindle and drill bit insulate.
The dynamometer is fixed on the table.
Sleeve is equipped between the conducting slip ring and drill press spindle.
The power supply is direct current pulse power source.
The application method of above-mentioned multi- scenarios method heating auxiliary drill unit, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: installation workpiece, workpiece is connect with insulator two, and is installed along on dynamometer, then by dynamometer
It is fixed that conducting slip ring is passed through into insulator one and is installed on drill press spindle on the table, and adjust installation gap, holding pair
Drill bit is mounted on drill press spindle by drill chuck head, and aligned by neutrality；
Step 2: installation electric heating assists drilling system, drill bit is gently contacted with workpiece surface, by conducting slip ring, is bored
Head, workpiece, ammeter, sample resistance, voltmeter, power supply, equivalent resistance and inductance connection are at closed circuit；
Step 3: setting laser pre-heating system parameter determines laser by finite element simulation method according to set temperature field
Power, heating time and laser spot diameter；
Step 4: setting electric heating assists drilling system parameter, it includes heating electricity that electric heating, which assists the parameter of drilling system,
Stream and conduction time；
Step 5: setting drilling working process parameter, setting speed and the amount of feeding on drilling machine；
Step 6: processing, opens laser generator, dynamometer and power supply, is preheated workpiece surface temperature by laser head
To set temperature field, laser generator is closed, starts drilling machine, drilling is started according to the revolving speed and the amount of feeding that set in step 5,
Drill thrust and torque are acquired by dynamometer during drilling, meanwhile, the heated current in drilling process is controlled by power supply,
Workpiece surface temperature is set to be maintained at set temperature field；
Step 7: completing the process, power supply, drilling machine and dynamometer are closed.
The heated current is determined by the adding thermal resistance of drill bit and work piece contact zone.
The temperature that the set temperature field is the hardness difference of drill bit material and workpiece material when being maximum value.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that
(1) long period logical very high current is needed to be heated to setting drilling temperature in electric heating drilling process, at this time
High temperature brings biggish thermal damage to drilling drill bit, exacerbates the bonding abrasion of drill bit, using laser pre-heating system by workpiece
Skin-material preheating, can reduce the operating temperature of drill bit, extends the service life of drill bit；
(2) rapidly, the thermal efficiency is high for heating when power supply heats deformed area material by drill bit, and heat-affected zone is small；
(3) adjusting is passed through according to the reading of voltmeter and ammeter during electric heating assists drilling system drilling
Power supply is controlled, and remains at heated current in optimized scope, guarantees machining accuracy and efficiency in drilling process；
(4) drilling is carried out using multi- scenarios method heating auxiliary drill unit for difficult-to-machine material, brill can be substantially reduced
Head abrasion, improves processing quality, improves processing efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic diagram of multi- scenarios method heating auxiliary drill unit provided by the utility model；
Fig. 2 is the signal that workpiece surface temperature is preheated to set temperature field by laser pre-heating system provided by the utility model
Figure.
In figure, 1- workbench, 2- dynamometer, 3- insulator two, 4- workpiece, 5- drill bit, 6- sleeve, 7- conducting slip ring, 8-
Drill press spindle, 9- insulator one, 10- drill chuck head, 11- ammeter, 12- voltmeter, 13- sample resistance, 14- inductance, 15- are equivalent
Resistance, 16- power supply, 17- laser head, 18- laser generator, 19- industrial personal computer.
Specific embodiment
The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, carries out the technical scheme in the embodiment of the utility model
Clearly and completely describing, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the utility model, rather than whole
Embodiment.In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that term " on ", "lower", etc. instructions orientation or positional relationship
To be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, without referring to
Show or imply that signified device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore cannot manage
Solution is limitations of the present invention.In addition, term " one ", " two " are used for description purposes only, and it should not be understood as instruction or dark
Show relative importance.Unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " being provided with ", " connection " etc., should do broad sense reason
Solution, such as " connection ", may be fixed connection or may be dismantle connection, or integral connection；It can be mechanical connection,
It is also possible to be electrically connected；It can be directly connected, can also can be inside two elements indirectly connected through an intermediary
Connection.For the ordinary skill in the art, the tool of above-mentioned term in the present invention can be understood with concrete condition
Body meaning.
Of the existing technology in order to solve the problems, such as, as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 2, the utility model provides a kind of more couplings
Close heating auxiliary drill unit, be mounted on drilling machine or milling machine, including conducting slip ring 7, dynamometer 2, laser pre-heating system and
Electric heating assists drilling system.
Conducting slip ring 7 is circular ring structure, and conducting slip ring 7 is mounted on drill press spindle 8, and conducting slip ring 7 and drill press spindle 8
It is connected by insulator 1, sleeve 6 is equipped between conducting slip ring 7 and drill press spindle 8, for preventing conducting slip ring 7 and drilling machine master
There are gap between axis 8, the lower section of drill press spindle 8 is connect with drill bit 5, and the lower section of drill press spindle 8 and drill bit 5 pass through drill chuck head 10
Connection, and insulating cement is equipped between drill press spindle 8 and drill chuck head 10, to guarantee that drill press spindle 8 and drill bit 5 insulate, conduction is sliding
Ring 7 is electrically connected with drill bit 5, so that power supply 16 sends electric current to drill bit 5 by conducting slip ring 7, the lower section of drill bit 5 is equipped with workpiece
4, the lower section of workpiece 4 is connect with insulator 23, and insulator 23 is mounted on dynamometer 2, and dynamometer 2 is fixed on workbench 1,
In the present embodiment, workbench 1 is numerical control drilling machine workbench or CNC milling machine workbench.
Laser pre-heating system includes industrial personal computer 19, laser generator 18 and laser head 17, and industrial personal computer 19 is the prior art, and
It is connect with the input terminal of laser generator 18, the output end of laser generator 18 is connect with laser head 17, and the setting of laser head 17 exists
The top of workpiece 4.Electric heating auxiliary drilling system includes power supply 16, and power supply 16 is direct current pulse power source, one end of power supply 16 with
Conducting slip ring 7 connects, and the other end of power supply 16 is connect with workpiece 4, on the connecting line that one end of power supply 16 is connect with conducting slip ring 7
It is in series with ammeter 11 and sample resistance 13, ammeter 11 is positioned close to the side of workpiece 4, be parallel with electricity on sample resistance 13
Table 12 is pressed, is in series with equivalent resistance 15 and inductance 14, equivalent resistance 15 on the connecting line that the other end of power supply 16 is connect with workpiece 4
It is positioned close to the side of power supply 16.
The application method of above-mentioned multi- scenarios method heating auxiliary drill unit, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: installation workpiece 4, workpiece 4 is connect with insulator 23, and is installed along on dynamometer 2, then will survey
Power instrument 2 is fixed on workbench 1, conducting slip ring 7 is installed on drill press spindle 8 by insulator 1, and adjust clipping room
Gap, keeps to neutrality, and drill bit 5 is mounted on drill press spindle 8 by drill chuck head 10, and is aligned；
Step 2: installation electric heating assist drilling system, drill bit 5 is gently contacted with 4 surface of workpiece, by conducting slip ring 7,
Drill bit 5, workpiece 4, ammeter 11, sample resistance 13, voltmeter 12, power supply 16, equivalent resistance 15 and inductance 14 connect into closure
Circuit；
Step 3: setting laser pre-heating system parameter determines laser by finite element simulation method according to set temperature field
Power, heating time and laser spot diameter, wherein set temperature field is that the hardness difference of 4 material of 5 material of drill bit and workpiece is
Temperature when maximum value；
Step 4: setting electric heating assists drilling system parameter, it includes heating electricity that electric heating, which assists the parameter of drilling system,
Stream and conduction time, wherein heated current and conduction time are obtained by numerical method, and heated current by drill bit 5 with
The adding thermal resistance of 4 contact zone of workpiece determines；
Step 5: setting 5 working process parameter of drill bit, setting speed and the amount of feeding on drilling machine；
Step 6: processing, opens laser generator 18, dynamometer 2 and power supply 16, by laser head 17 by 4 surface of workpiece
Preheating temperature closes laser generator 18, starts drilling machine, according to the revolving speed and feeding set in step 5 to set temperature field
Amount starts drilling, acquires drill thrust and torque by dynamometer 2 during drilling, meanwhile, drilling is controlled by power supply 16
Heated current in journey makes 4 surface temperature of workpiece be maintained at set temperature field；
Step 7: completing the process, power supply 16, drilling machine and dynamometer 2 are closed.
The range in the installation gap in the utility model in step 1 is 0~5um.Heated current in step 4 and logical
The electric time is obtained by numerical method, and numerical method is contact surface temperature rise formula and Joule's law in the present embodiment.Drill bit 5
The intensity ratio and hardness of 4 material of material and workpiece than that can change as the temperature increases, in electric heating auxiliary drilling, drill bit 5
Drilling effect when the hardness difference of 4 material of material and workpiece is maximum value is best, and temperature field at this time is multi- scenarios method heating
Assist the preference temperature field in drill unit drilling, as optimum heating temperature, at such a temperature, the durability highest of drill bit 5.
Power supply 16 controls the heated current in drilling process, by adjusting the shelves of power supply 16 in real time come so that heated current is in most always
In excellent range, and then the contact zone temperature of drill bit 5 and workpiece 4 is made to be maintained at set temperature field, i.e. 4 material of 5 material of drill bit and workpiece
Temperature when the hardness difference of material is maximum value guarantees the high-effect high-quality of multi- scenarios method heating auxiliary drilling, in the present embodiment,
The optimized scope of heated current can make the contact zone temperature of drill bit 5 and workpiece 4 be maintained at 10 degree of models of plus-minus of set temperature field
In enclosing.
In the utility model, dynamometer 2 is connected with computer, and dynamometer software matched with dynamometer 2 is for recording, dynamometry
Instrument 2 and its matched software are the prior art, by the dynamometer 2 that is mounted on workbench 1 can real-time measurement go out more
Drill thrust and torque when coupling heating auxiliary drill unit drilling, dynamometer 2 amplify collected voltage signal, after processing
Drill thrust and torque are shown, to analyze the rule different with routine drilling, in actual use, using more of the utility model
The drill thrust and torque of coupling heating auxiliary drill unit reduce.
In the utility model, auxiliary drill unit progress drilling is heated using multi- scenarios method and is referred to difficult processing processing material
When expecting aperture, 4 skin-material of workpiece is preheating to set temperature field, then benefit first with the continuous laser beam of laser pre-heating system
Drilling processing is carried out with the electric heating auxiliary drill system of cutting, circuit is constituted using drill bit 5 and workpiece 4 during drilling processing and leads to
With electric current, this is because the contact zone area very little of drill bit 5 and workpiece 4, theoretical it is found that in drill bit 5 and workpiece 4 by contact resistance
Contact zone can generate biggish contact resistance, the Joule effect of high current heated rapidly the contact zone of drill bit 5 Yu workpiece 4,
Reduce the contact zone strength of materials of drill bit 5 and workpiece 4, so that drilling be made to become easy, this makes multi- scenarios method heating auxiliary
The heat that drilling system drilling generates substantially reduces, to reduce the operating temperature of drill bit 5, extend drill bit 5 uses the longevity
Life, is replaced without frequently removing drill bit 5, under the premise of guaranteeing machining accuracy, improves processing efficiency；It is auxiliary in electric heating
The shelves during drilling system drilling according to voltmeter 12 and the reading manual adjustment power supply 16 of ammeter 11 are helped, heating electricity is made
Stream remains in optimized scope, guarantees machining accuracy and efficiency in drilling process.
In the utility model, in laser pre-heating system warm, laser pre-heating system is according to set temperature field, by having
It limits first emulation mode and determines laser power, heating time and laser spot diameter, wherein finite element simulation method is to pass through
ANSYS software is modeled come what is realized by the heat generated to laser pre-heating system, is determined laser power, heating time and is swashed
Optical beam spot diameter.
The heat that laser pre-heating system is thermally generated in advance in the utility model is calculated by Fourier's heat transfer theory:
Wherein, ρ is density (kg/m3)；cpFor specific heat capacity (J/kgK)；ω is angular speed (rad/s)；VzFor laser axial direction
Movement speed (m/s)；qvFor inner heat source power density；Unit volume heat generation rate (W/m3)；R is radius (m), and k is thermal conductivity (W/
(m·K))。
In the utility model, during electric heating assists drilling system drilling, it is ensured that heated current is in most always
In excellent range, that is, the contact zone temperature of drill bit 5 and workpiece 4 is made to be maintained at set temperature field, needs to calculate adding thermal resistance
Size, according to metal drilling process feature itself, adding thermal resistance includes three parts, i.e. metal material resistance Rm, 5 He of drill bit
The contact resistance R of 4 contact zone of workpiecetThe spreading resistance R for changing and being formed with linear electric current densitys。
The utility model is according to following formula:
In formula: ρcFor the resistivity (Ω m) of workpiece material；ρtFor the resistivity (Ω m) of drill bit material；F is often to rotate into
Give amount mm/r；КrFor cutter tool cutting edge angle (°)；ξ is the deformation coefficient of workpiece material；For cutter apex angle (°)；γoBefore cutter
Angle (°)；lfFor knife-bits contact length (mm)；aeFor thickness of cutting mm；apFor cutting depth mm；ε is strain；
Matlab software programming is recycled to realize, as long as inputting the resistivity of workpiece material into Matlab software, boring
Spiral angle, that is, λ of headstmResistivity, revolving speed and the amount of feeding of (°), drill bit material, it will be able to calculate adding thermal resistance RuIt is big
It is small.Wherein, adding thermal resistance RuEqual to metal material resistance Rm, contact resistance RtWith spreading resistance RsSum, pass through input parameter ρc、
F and apSpreading resistance R is calculateds；By inputting parameter ρc、f、Кr、ae、γo、ξ、lf、apMetal material is calculated with ε
Expect resistance Rm；By passing through input parameter ρc、ρt、Кr、lfAnd apContact resistance R is calculatedt。
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the utility model, all practical at this
Within novel spirit and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in the guarantor of the utility model
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of multi- scenarios method heating auxiliary drill unit, which is characterized in that including conducting slip ring, dynamometer, laser preheating system
System and electric heating assist drilling system；
The conducting slip ring is circular ring structure, and the conducting slip ring is mounted on drill press spindle, and conducting slip ring and drill press spindle
It is connected by insulator one, the lower section of the drill press spindle is connect with drill bit, and the conducting slip ring is electrically connected with drill bit, the brill
The lower section of head is equipped with workpiece, and the lower section of the workpiece is connect with insulator two, and the insulator two is mounted on dynamometer；
The laser pre-heating system includes industrial personal computer, laser generator and laser head, the industrial personal computer and laser generator it is defeated
Enter end connection, the output end of the laser generator is connect with laser head, and the top of workpiece is arranged in the laser head；
Electric heating auxiliary drilling system includes power supply, and one end of the power supply is connect with conducting slip ring, the power supply it is another
One end is connect with workpiece, is in series with ammeter and sample resistance on the connecting line that one end of the power supply is connect with conducting slip ring,
It is parallel with voltmeter on the sample resistance, is in series with equivalent resistance on the connecting line that the other end of the power supply is connect with workpiece
And inductance.
2. multi- scenarios method heating auxiliary drill unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that under the drill press spindle
Side is connect with drill bit by drill chuck head.
3. multi- scenarios method heating auxiliary drill unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the drill press spindle and brill
Insulating cement is equipped between clamp, to guarantee that drill press spindle and drill bit insulate.
4. multi- scenarios method heating auxiliary drill unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the dynamometer is fixed on
On workbench.
5. multi- scenarios method heating auxiliary drill unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the conducting slip ring and brill
Sleeve is equipped between bed main shaft.
6. multi- scenarios method heating auxiliary drill unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the power supply is direct current arteries and veins
Rush power supply.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201920222845.3U CN209648118U (en) | 2019-02-20 | 2019-02-20 | A kind of multi- scenarios method heating auxiliary drill unit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201920222845.3U CN209648118U (en) | 2019-02-20 | 2019-02-20 | A kind of multi- scenarios method heating auxiliary drill unit |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113829078A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2021-12-24 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Laser drilling auxiliary drilling device and method |
| CN115194953A (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2022-10-18 | 华侨大学 | Laser-assisted micro drilling device and method for hard and brittle transparent material |
-
2019
- 2019-02-20 CN CN201920222845.3U patent/CN209648118U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113829078A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2021-12-24 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Laser drilling auxiliary drilling device and method |
| CN115194953A (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2022-10-18 | 华侨大学 | Laser-assisted micro drilling device and method for hard and brittle transparent material |
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