CN107192763A - Utilize method of testing of the running train for the rail vibration attenuation rate of excitation - Google Patents
Utilize method of testing of the running train for the rail vibration attenuation rate of excitation Download PDFInfo
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- CN107192763A CN107192763A CN201710250492.3A CN201710250492A CN107192763A CN 107192763 A CN107192763 A CN 107192763A CN 201710250492 A CN201710250492 A CN 201710250492A CN 107192763 A CN107192763 A CN 107192763A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/11—Analysing solids by measuring attenuation of acoustic waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/01—Indexing codes associated with the measuring variable
- G01N2291/015—Attenuation, scattering
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/023—Solids
- G01N2291/0234—Metals, e.g. steel
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/26—Scanned objects
- G01N2291/269—Various geometry objects
Abstract
The embodiments of the invention provide a kind of method of testing of utilization running train for the rail vibration attenuation rate of excitation.This method mainly includes：Measuring point is set on the rail of test section, acceleration transducer and displacement transducer, the layout data Acquisition Instrument by measuring point are arranged on measuring point；When train passes through rail, rail vibration acceleration and rail vibration displacement data at collection and record measuring point；/ 3rd octave rail vibration accelerated speed effective values are calculated according to the data of collection, according to 1/3rd octaves rail vibration accelerated speed effective value and sleeper distance computation rail vibration attenuation rate.Method provided in an embodiment of the present invention is simple to operate, it is not necessary to multiple spot hammering is carried out to rail and is tested, and can once complete the vibration attenuation rate test of multistage rail, and the workload needed for test is few, and the testing time is short, and testing efficiency is high, and test result reliability is high.
Description
Technical field
A kind of rail the present invention relates to rail vibration technical field of measurement and test, more particularly to utilization running train for excitation shakes
The method of testing of dynamic attenuation rate.
Background technology
Rail vibration attenuation rate DR (Decay Rate) refers to the rate of change that vibration is longitudinally transmitted along rail.Rail vibration declines
Lapse rate is in units of dB/m, attenuation characteristic of the description vibration in rail in 1/3rd octaves.Rail vibration attenuation rate
It is the natural dynamics behaviors of track in itself, is to be used to assess wheel-rail noise size caused by rail damping size and train operation
Basic parameter.
At present, the test of rail vibration attenuation rate and data processing are generally carried out according to following european norm：BS EN
15461:2008+A1:2010“Railway applications—Noise emission—Characterization of
the dynamic Properties of track selections for pass by noise measurements.”。
According to specification BS EN 15461:2008+A1:2010, rail vibration attenuation rate is tested using hammering method.Specifically, on rail
Measuring point and substantial amounts of hammer point are set, while arranging vibration acceleration sensor and data collecting instrument, as shown in Figure 1.In Fig. 1,
Except c points are measuring point, all hammer points of point indicated by remaining arrow.During specific test, using power hammer to each hammer point
Hammered, data collecting instrument gathers and records the vibration acceleration data at the hammer force hammered every time and measuring point, according to hammer
Hit 1/3rd octave frequency response functions at measuring point when power and vibration acceleration data calculate each hammering, according to the function with
And the distance of each hammer point to measuring point calculates rail vibration attenuation rate.
However, there is problems with the method for testing rail vibration attenuation rate above by hammering method：
(1) test complicated, it is longer the time required to test.Because hammer point is more, and the position of each hammer point is required for
Accurate Calibration, so the preparation before hammering is time-consuming longer；Hammer point location position finishes rear, it is necessary to each hammer point
Hammer stimulating is carried out, each hammer point at least needs excitation 5-10 times, so total hammering time is also longer.In addition, in test
Period, it is impossible to carry out train operation, especially subway train, it is necessary to which the Window time stopped transport in subway (is generally 1:00 AM extremely
4 points) in tested, objectively limit the testing time, therefore the testing time of rail vibration attenuation rate is nervous, sometimes or even nothing
Method ensures the effect of test.
(2) during hammer stimulating, the hammering vibration interference that rail background vibration is gathered to vibration acceleration sensor is larger.Cause
Sample frequency for the requirement of rail vibration attenuation rate is very high, it will usually which, in more than 10000Hz, this requires the excitation used in test
The necessary quality of power hammer is small and precision is high, and the vibratory response amplitude that such power hammer excitation goes out is smaller, so the back of the body of rail in itself
The vibration that goes out to hammer stimulating of scape vibration can disturb, and this, which results in the vibration data that more hammer stimulating goes out, to make
With, it is difficult once to succeed which results in the test of rail vibration attenuation rate, it is frequent to want retest repeatedly, just can more it be satisfied with
Result.
(3) under normal circumstances, one section of rail is needed to select multiple test sections, and the rail vibration of each section is tested respectively
Attenuation rate, the result repeatedly tested can be verified mutually, can also seek caulocarpic average value, it is to avoid test result it is discrete
Change.But, arrangement measuring point, demarcation hammer point are required for during the rail vibration attenuation rate for testing each section, to each hammer point
Hammering test is carried out, so workload is very big, it is necessary to expend substantial amounts of human and material resources, multistage steel generally can not be once completed
The vibration attenuation rate test of rail.
The content of the invention
The embodiment provides a kind of method of testing of utilization running train for the rail vibration attenuation rate of excitation,
Can effectively measuring rail vibration attenuation rate.
To achieve these goals, this invention takes following technical scheme.
A kind of utilization running train is the method for testing of the rail vibration attenuation rate encouraged, including：
Measuring point is set on the rail of test section, acceleration transducer and displacement transducer are arranged on the measuring point,
The layout data Acquisition Instrument by the measuring point, wherein, the data collecting instrument connects the acceleration transducer and displacement sensing
Device；
Triggering acceleration is set in the data collecting instrument operating system, when steel caused by the train being traveling on rail
When rail vibration acceleration is more than or equal to the triggering acceleration, the data collecting instrument starts to gather and records the steel at measuring point
Rail vibration acceleration and rail vibration displacement data, wherein, the data collecting instrument starts to gather and is designated as t at the time of record0；
T at the time of determining first wheel of train to reaching the measuring point according to the rail vibration displacement data1And calculate
Train speed；
From t0Moment is to t1The rail vibration Acceleration time course at moment is divided into several time-histories section, each time-histories section
Length is Δ t；
Each time-histories section Δ t 1/3rd octave rail vibration accelerated speed effective values are calculated, according to described three/
One octave rail vibration accelerated speed effective value and sleeper distance computation rail vibration attenuation rate.
Further, it is described that measuring point is set on the rail of test section, arrange acceleration sensing on the measuring point
Device and displacement transducer, including：
During withdrawal of train, one or more measuring points are set on the rail that train travels at the uniform speed section, wherein, it is described
Measuring point is located between two sleepers；
Two acceleration transducers and a displacement transducer are arranged on each measuring point,
Wherein,
One acceleration transducer is arranged on foot bottom plate, is the acceleration transducer of vertical direction, for tests column
Car by when rail vertical direction vibration acceleration；
Another acceleration transducer is arranged in the web of the rail, is the acceleration transducer of horizontal direction, for testing train
By when rail horizontal direction vibration acceleration；
Institute's displacement sensors are arranged in foot side, are the displacement transducer of vertical direction, pass through for testing train
When rail vertical motion displacement.
Further, it is described that triggering acceleration is set in the data collecting instrument operating system, when being traveling in rail
On train caused by rail vibration acceleration be more than or equal to it is described triggering acceleration when, the data collecting instrument start collection
With record measuring point at rail vibration acceleration and rail vibration displacement data, including：
Triggering acceleration is set on data collecting instrument, and the triggering acceleration is more than rail background vibration acceleration width
Value；
When rail vibration acceleration is more than or equal to the triggering acceleration, the data collecting instrument starts acquisition and recording
Rail vibration acceleration and rail vibration displacement data at measuring point；
When rail vibration acceleration is less than the triggering acceleration, the data collecting instrument stops at acquisition and recording measuring point
Rail vibration acceleration and rail vibration displacement data.
Further, it is described to determine first wheel of train to reaching the measuring point according to the rail vibration displacement data
At the time of t1And train speed is calculated, including：
By institute's displacement sensors and data Acquisition Instrument obtain train by when measuring point at rail vertical motion displacement；
T at the time of determining first wheel of train to reaching the measuring point according to the peak value of rail vertical motion displacement1With
And second bogie front-wheel of train to reach measuring point at the time of t2；
If train one section compartment two bogie front-wheels to the distance between be L1, then train speed v calculation formula
It is as follows：
V=L1/(t2-t1)。
Further, described handle is from t0Moment is to t1The rail vibration Acceleration time course at moment is divided into several time-histories
Section, the length of each time-histories section is Δ t, including：
According to sleeper spacing dsTime Δ t of the train by a sleeper spacing is calculated according to the following formula with train speed v：
Δ t=ds/v
From t0Moment is to t1The rail vibration Acceleration time course at moment is divided into several time-histories section, each time-histories section
Length is Δ t, wherein, the quantity m of several time-histories section calculation formula is as follows：
Wherein, if m is integer, m is retained constant；If m is decimal, processing is rounded to m, retains m integer part,
Give up fractional part.
Further, each time-histories section Δ t of described calculating 1/3rd octave rail vibration accelerated speed effective values,
According to 1/3rd octaves rail vibration accelerated speed effective value and sleeper distance computation rail vibration attenuation rate, including：
For m time-histories section, from t1Moment starts to arrive t forward0At the moment, 1/3rd of each time-histories section Δ t are calculated respectively
Octave rail vibration accelerated speed effective value, wherein, 1/3rd octave rail vibration acceleration of first time-histories section have
Valid value is designated as Arms(0), 1/3rd octave rail vibration accelerated speed effective values of remaining time-histories section are designated as Arms(n), n=1
~(m-1)；
Rail vibration attenuation rate DR is calculated according to equation below：
Further, described method also includes：
When have many trains by when, on same measuring point, calculate respectively every train by when rail vibration decline
Lapse rate；
Calculate the average value of the corresponding rail vibration attenuation rate of many trains；
It regard the average value as the corresponding final rail vibration attenuation rate of the measuring point.
Further, described method also includes：
When having a kind of orbital fashion in the test section, multiple measuring points are set on the rail of the orbital fashion；
The corresponding rail vibration attenuation rate of each measuring point is calculated respectively；
Calculate the average value of the corresponding rail vibration attenuation rate of the multiple measuring point；
It regard the average value as the final rail vibration attenuation rate of the orbital fashion.
Further, described method also includes：
When there are a variety of orbital fashions in the test section, set one or more on the rail of every kind of orbital fashion
Measuring point；
Calculate the rail vibration attenuation rate of every kind of orbital fashion respectively by the measuring point of setting.
The embodiment of the present invention passes through in test section it can be seen from the technical scheme that embodiments of the invention described above are provided
Rail on measuring point is set, acceleration transducer and displacement transducer are arranged on each measuring point, layout data is adopted by measuring point
Collect instrument, according to data collecting instrument gather and record train by when measuring point at rail vibration acceleration and rail vibration displacement
Data calculate rail vibration attenuation rate, can effectively utilize running train as exciting test and go out rail vibration attenuation rate.
Compared to traditional hammering method of testing, the method that the embodiment of the present invention is proposed is simple to operate, it is not necessary to carry out multiple spot to rail
Hammering test, can once complete the vibration attenuation rate test of multistage rail, and the workload needed for test is few, and the testing time is short, surveys
Efficiency high is tried, test result reliability is high.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, being used required in being described below to embodiment
Accompanying drawing be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, for this
For the those of ordinary skill of field, on the premise of not paying creative work, it can also obtain other according to these accompanying drawings
Accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the arrangement schematic diagram of measuring point and hammer point when testing rail vibration attenuation rate using hammering method；
Fig. 2 is the test side for the rail vibration attenuation rate that a kind of utilization running train that the embodiment of the present invention is proposed is excitation
The flow chart of method；
Fig. 3 is a kind of vibration acceleration sensor and displacement transducer arranged on rail provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Position view；
Fig. 4 for field measurement provided in an embodiment of the present invention train by when rail vertical motion displacement time-histories illustrate
Figure；
Fig. 5 for field measurement provided in an embodiment of the present invention train by when rail vertical motion Acceleration time course illustrate
Figure；
Fig. 6 is the scene survey for the rail vibration attenuation rate that a kind of utilization running train provided in an embodiment of the present invention is excitation
Try flow chart.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are described below in detail, the example of the embodiment is shown in the drawings, wherein from beginning to end
Same or similar label represents same or similar element or the element with same or like function.Below with reference to attached
The embodiment of figure description is exemplary, is only used for explaining the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the claims.
The art those of ordinary skill is appreciated that unless expressly stated, singulative " one " used herein,
" one ", " described " and "the" may also comprise plural form.It is to be further understood that used in the specification of the present invention
Wording " comprising " refers to there is the feature, integer, step, operation, element and/or component, but it is not excluded that in the presence of or add
Plus other one or more features, integer, step, operation, element, component and/or their group.It should be understood that when we claim
Element is " connected " or during " coupled " to another element, and it can be directly connected or coupled to other elements, or can also deposit
In intermediary element.In addition, " connection " used herein or " coupling " can include wireless connection or coupling.Wording used herein
"and/or" includes one or more associated any cells for listing item and all combined.
The art those of ordinary skill is appreciated that unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including skill
Art term and scientific terminology) with the general understanding identical meaning with the those of ordinary skill in art of the present invention.Also
It should be understood that those terms defined in such as general dictionary should be understood that with the context of prior art
The consistent meaning of meaning, and unless defined as here, will not be explained with idealization or excessively formal implication.
For ease of understanding embodiments of the invention, done further by taking several specific embodiments as an example below in conjunction with accompanying drawing
Illustrate, and each embodiment does not constitute the restriction to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the test side for the rail vibration attenuation rate that a kind of utilization running train that the embodiment of the present invention is proposed is excitation
The flow chart of method.As shown in Fig. 2 this method comprises the following steps.
Step S210, measuring point is set on the rail of test section, and acceleration transducer and position are arranged on the measuring point
Displacement sensor, the layout data Acquisition Instrument by the measuring point, wherein, the data collecting instrument connect the acceleration transducer and
Displacement transducer.
Step S220, sets triggering acceleration, when the row being traveling on rail in the data collecting instrument operating system
When rail vibration acceleration caused by car is more than or equal to the triggering acceleration, the data collecting instrument starts to gather and recorded
Rail vibration acceleration and rail vibration displacement data at measuring point, wherein, the data collecting instrument starts to gather and recorded
Moment is designated as t0。
Step S230, determines first wheel of train to reaching at the time of the measuring point according to the rail vibration displacement data
t1And calculate train speed.
Step S240, from t0Moment is to t1The rail vibration Acceleration time course at moment is divided into several time-histories section, each
The length of time-histories section is Δ t.
Step S250, calculates each time-histories section Δ t 1/3rd octave rail vibration accelerated speed effective values, according to institute
State 1/3rd octave rail vibration accelerated speed effective values and sleeper distance computation rail vibration attenuation rate.
The method for carrying out rail vibration attenuation rate test as encouraging using running train that the embodiment of the present invention is proposed
Test condition is as follows：
1st, point layout travels at the uniform speed section in train；
2nd, the sensor on rail is carried out during withdrawal of train to install and remove；
3rd, rail vibration data acquisition is carried out during train operation.
According to embodiments of the present invention, the measuring point on rail can be arranged by the following method.
During withdrawal of train, measuring point is set on the rail that train travels at the uniform speed section, can specifically arrange one or
Multiple measuring points, and measuring point is between two sleepers.When arranging multiple measuring points, multi-group data can be obtained, so as to reduce survey
The discreteness of test result, improves the accuracy and reliability of test result.
Two acceleration transducers and a displacement transducer are arranged on each measuring point, as shown in Figure 3.Shown in Fig. 3
It is the rail cross section at measuring point, in figure 3,1 is acceleration transducer, and 2 be displacement transducer.Wherein, an acceleration is passed
Sensor is arranged on foot bottom plate, is the acceleration transducer of vertical direction, can test train by when rail vertical side
To vibration acceleration；Another acceleration transducer is arranged in the web of the rail, is the acceleration transducer of horizontal direction, can test
Train by when rail horizontal direction vibration acceleration.Displacement transducer is arranged in foot side, is the displacement of vertical direction
Sensor, can test train by when rail vertical motion displacement.In embodiments of the present invention, because measuring point is located at two
On rail between sleeper, so above-mentioned acceleration transducer and displacement transducer are also all disposed within the rail between two sleepers
On.
The acceleration arranged by each measuring point on a data collecting instrument, data collecting instrument measuring point corresponding with its side
Spend sensor, displacement transducer connection.The number of channels of the data collecting instrument is more than acceleration transducer and the displacement of its connection
The quantity of sensor.The vibration that data collecting instrument cooperated to gather and recorded the rail at measuring point with acceleration transducer adds
Speed data, data collecting instrument cooperates to gather and records the vibration displacement number of the rail at measuring point with displacement transducer
According to.
The utilization running train that the embodiment of the present invention is proposed is former for the test of the rail vibration attenuation rate method of testing of excitation
Reason is as described below.
According to the definition of rail vibration attenuation rate, rail is when by certain external drive, vibration edge since being encouraged point
Rail to propagate and decay.The embodiment of the present invention is by the use of running train as external drive, and test is under such a excitation on rail
Vibration along rail propagate when rail on difference acceleration magnitude, and according to this calculate rail vibration attenuation rate.
Displacement transducer in Fig. 3 can field measurement train by when measuring point at rail vertical motion displacement data.
Illustrated below by taking the rail vertical motion displacement time-histories schematic diagram of the field measurement shown in Fig. 4 as an example.Fig. 4 includes measuring point
The 1 corresponding rail vertical motion displacement time-history curves 2 of corresponding rail vertical motion displacement time-history curves 1 and measuring point 2.From figure
At the time of each steering framing wheel of train can be obtained in 4 to by measuring point.Specifically, can be according to the peak of rail vertical motion displacement
Value determines the wheel of each bogie of train to reaching at the time of measuring point.If first bogie front-wheel of train is to (i.e. train
One wheel pair of section first of compartment, hereinafter referred to as first wheel of train to) reach measuring point at the time of be t1, second bogie
Front-wheel is t to reaching at the time of measuring point2, in t1、t2Moment, rail vertical motion displacement reaches peak value, t1、t2It can be adopted in data
Collect and read in instrument operating system, its precision can reach microsecond.And between two bogie front-wheels pair in the section of train one compartment
Distance (is designated as L1) it is known, it is possible to the rail vertical motion displacement time-histories according to measuring calculates train according to the following formula
Speed of service v：
V=L1/(t2-t1) (1)
According to embodiments of the present invention, when arranging two acceleration transducers at measuring point, in the operation system of data collecting instrument
One parameter is set on system, and this parameter can be described as triggering acceleration, and the value of the triggering acceleration adds more than rail background vibration
Velocity amplitude, wherein, the background vibration acceleration is the vibration acceleration without any train rail in the case of.Triggering adds
Speed is used for trigger data acquisition instrument, i.e., when the vibration acceleration of rail is more than or equal to triggering acceleration, data collecting instrument
Start to gather and record the rail vibration data at measuring point, wherein, rail vibration data include the vibration acceleration and steel of rail
The vibration displacement data of rail.When the vibration acceleration of rail is less than triggering acceleration, data collecting instrument stops acquisition and recording and surveyed
Rail vibration data at point.
According to embodiments of the present invention, when train from distant place sail come, during apart from one segment distance of measuring point, the rail vibration at measuring point
Acceleration is more than or equal to triggering acceleration, and at this moment data collecting instrument starts to gather and records the rail vibration acceleration at measuring point
With rail vibration displacement data.Data collecting instrument referred to as triggering moment, note at the time of start to gather and record rail vibration data
For t0。t0It can be read in data collecting instrument operating system, its precision can reach microsecond.Hereafter, as train is advanced, row
The distance of spacing measuring point is less and less, and the rail vibration acceleration and rail vibration displacement amplitude at measuring point can be increasing.When
First wheel of train is to reaching during measuring point, and rail vibration acceleration and vibration displacement amplitude at measuring point reach peak value.Fig. 5 is
The typical rail vertical motion Acceleration time course schematic diagram of field measurement.First wheel of train is to reaching as seen from Figure 5
Rail vibration acceleration peak value during measuring point.
Then, d (is designated as according to sleeper spacings) and train speed v, train is calculated according to the following formula to be passed through between a sleeper
Away from time Δ t：
Δ t=ds/v (2)
Next, from t0Moment is to t1The rail vibration Acceleration time course at moment is divided into several time-histories section, Mei Geshi
The length of journey section is Δ t.If the quantity of time-histories section is m, its calculation formula is as follows：
If m is integer, retain m constant；If m is decimal, processing is rounded to m, i.e., only retains m integer part,
Give up fractional part, if for example, m=33.1, is 33 after being rounded to m；It is 45 if m=45.9, after being rounded to m.
Next, calculating 1/3rd octave rail vibration acceleration frequency response functions of each time-histories section.Specifically, it is right
In m time-histories section, its computation sequence is from t1Moment starts to calculate t forward0Moment./ 3rd times of first time-histories section
Sound interval rail vibration acceleration frequency response function is designated as A (0), 1/3rd octave rail vibration acceleration frequency of remaining time-histories section
Ring function and be designated as A (n) (n=1~(m-1)).According to embodiments of the present invention, above-mentioned 1/3rd octaves rail vibration acceleration
The definition of frequency response function is the rail vibration acceleration in frequency domain under the unit exciting force effect at any point at measuring point three
Virtual value in/mono- octave.Because frequency response function A (0) is identical with A (n) exciting force, i.e. A (0) and A (n) are with same
One running train is excitation, it is possible to omits exciting force, is replaced with 1/3rd octave rail vibration accelerated speed effective values
/ 3rd octave rail vibration acceleration frequency response functions, specifically, for m time-histories section, from t1Moment start to
It is preceding to arrive t0At the moment, each time-histories section Δ t 1/3rd octave rail vibration accelerated speed effective values are calculated respectively, wherein, the
/ 3rd octave rail vibration accelerated speed effective values of one time-histories section are designated as Arms(0), 1/3rd of remaining time-histories section
Octave rail vibration accelerated speed effective value is designated as Arms(n) (n=1~(m-1)).
According to embodiments of the present invention, rail vibration attenuation rate DR can be calculated according to equation below：
In addition, being separate between each measuring point in the case where setting multiple measuring points according to embodiments of the present invention
, each measuring point connects a data collecting instrument respectively.One rail vibration attenuation rate can just be measured by a measuring point, led to
Crossing multiple measuring points can be while measures multiple rail vibration attenuation rates.
According to embodiments of the present invention, for a specific measuring point, can test many trains by when rail
Vibration acceleration and vibration displacement, it is possible to calculate multiple rail vibration attenuation rates, these rail vibration attenuation rates it is flat
Average can thus substantially increase the reliability of test as the corresponding final rail vibration attenuation rate of this measuring point.Specifically
Ground, when have many trains by when, on same measuring point, calculate respectively every train by when rail vibration attenuation rate；
Then the average value of the corresponding rail vibration attenuation rate of many trains is calculated, is shaken the average value as final rail
Dynamic attenuation rate.The test of specific rail vibration attenuation rate and computational methods are as it was previously stated, will not be repeated here.
According to embodiments of the present invention, if arranging that multiple measuring points (set this section and there was only one on a detecting of railway section
Plant orbital fashion), then when train passes through, it is possible to while measuring the corresponding rail vibration attenuation rate of multiple measuring points, the track shape
The final rail vibration attenuation rate of formula is the average value of the corresponding rail vibration attenuation rate of multiple measuring points, is thus substantially increased
Testing efficiency and the reliability of test.Specifically, when there is a kind of orbital fashion in test section, in the steel of the orbital fashion
Multiple measuring points are set on rail；The corresponding rail vibration attenuation rate of each measuring point is calculated respectively；Calculate the multiple measuring point corresponding
The average value of rail vibration attenuation rate；It regard the average value as the final rail vibration attenuation rate of the orbital fashion.Specifically
Rail vibration attenuation rate test and computational methods as it was previously stated, will not be repeated here.
According to embodiments of the present invention, if there is a variety of orbital fashions in a test section, the embodiment of the present invention is proposed
Method can measure the rail vibration attenuation rate of a variety of orbital fashions simultaneously.Specifically, when there is a variety of rails in test section
During road form, one or more measuring points are set on the rail of every kind of orbital fashion；Calculate every kind of respectively by the measuring point of setting
The rail vibration attenuation rate of orbital fashion.The test of the rail vibration attenuation rate of specific every kind of orbital fashion and computational methods are such as
It is preceding described, it will not be repeated here.
Fig. 6 is the scene survey for the rail vibration attenuation rate that a kind of utilization running train provided in an embodiment of the present invention is excitation
Try flow chart.As shown in fig. 6, the flow includes following process step.
Step 601, the test section that selection train travels at the uniform speed.
Step 602, one or more measuring points are set on the rail in test section.
Step 603, during withdrawal of train, acceleration transducer and displacement transducer are arranged on each measuring point, it is above-mentioned
Sensor is connected with data collecting instrument, and triggering acceleration is set in data collecting instrument operating system.
Step 604, data acquisition is carried out by the period in train.
Step 605, after withdrawal of train, the acceleration transducer and displacement transducer on rail are removed.
Step 606, data processing is carried out, rail vibration attenuation rate is calculated.
In summary, the embodiment of the present invention is arranged by setting measuring point on the rail of test section on each measuring point
Acceleration transducer and displacement transducer, the layout data Acquisition Instrument by measuring point, the row for being gathered and being recorded according to data collecting instrument
Car by when measuring point at rail vibration acceleration and rail vibration displacement data calculate rail vibration attenuation rate, can be effective
Ground goes out rail vibration attenuation rate by the use of running train as exciting test.Compared to traditional hammering method of testing, the present invention is real
The method for applying example proposition is simple to operate, it is not necessary to multiple spot hammering is carried out to rail and is tested, the vibration of multistage rail can be once completed
Attenuation rate is tested, and the workload needed for test is few, and the testing time is short, and testing efficiency is high, and test result reliability is high.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that：Accompanying drawing be module in the schematic diagram of one embodiment, accompanying drawing or
Flow is not necessarily implemented necessary to the present invention.
Each embodiment in this specification is described by the way of progressive, identical similar portion between each embodiment
Divide mutually referring to what each embodiment was stressed is the difference with other embodiment.Especially for device or
For system embodiment, because it is substantially similar to embodiment of the method, so describing fairly simple, related part is referring to method
The part explanation of embodiment.Apparatus and system embodiment described above is only schematical, wherein the conduct
The unit that separating component illustrates can be or may not be it is physically separate, the part shown as unit can be or
Person may not be physical location, you can with positioned at a place, or can also be distributed on multiple NEs.Can root
Some or all of module therein is factually selected to realize the purpose of this embodiment scheme the need for border.Ordinary skill
Personnel are without creative efforts, you can to understand and implement.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention be not limited thereto,
Any one skilled in the art the invention discloses technical scope in, the change or replacement that can be readily occurred in,
It should all be included within the scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with scope of the claims
It is defined.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of utilization running train is the method for testing of the rail vibration attenuation rate of excitation, it is characterised in that including：
Measuring point is set on the rail of test section, acceleration transducer and displacement transducer are arranged on the measuring point, in institute
Layout data Acquisition Instrument by measuring point is stated, wherein, the data collecting instrument connects the acceleration transducer and displacement transducer；
Triggering acceleration is set in the data collecting instrument operating system, when rail caused by the train being traveling on rail shakes
When dynamic acceleration is more than or equal to the triggering acceleration, the rail that the data collecting instrument starts to gather and recorded at measuring point shakes
Dynamic acceleration and rail vibration displacement data, wherein, the data collecting instrument starts to gather and is designated as t at the time of record0；
T at the time of determining first wheel of train to reaching the measuring point according to the rail vibration displacement data1And calculate train speed
Degree；
From t0Moment is to t1The rail vibration Acceleration time course at moment is divided into several time-histories section, the length of each time-histories section
It is Δ t；
Each time-histories section Δ t 1/3rd octave rail vibration accelerated speed effective values are calculated, according to described 1/3rd times
Sound interval rail vibration accelerated speed effective value and sleeper distance computation rail vibration attenuation rate.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described that measuring point is set on the rail of test section, exist
Acceleration transducer and displacement transducer are arranged on the measuring point, including：
During withdrawal of train, one or more measuring points are set on the rail that train travels at the uniform speed section, wherein, the measuring point
Between two sleepers；
Two acceleration transducers and a displacement transducer are arranged on each measuring point,
Wherein,
One acceleration transducer is arranged on foot bottom plate, is the acceleration transducer of vertical direction, is led to for testing train
The vertical direction vibration acceleration of out-of-date rail；
Another acceleration transducer is arranged in the web of the rail, is the acceleration transducer of horizontal direction, passes through for testing train
When rail horizontal direction vibration acceleration；
Institute's displacement sensors are arranged in foot side, are the displacement transducer of vertical direction, for test train by when steel
The vertical motion displacement of rail.
3. method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described to be set in the data collecting instrument operating system
Acceleration is triggered, when rail vibration acceleration caused by the train being traveling on rail is more than or equal to the triggering acceleration
When, the data collecting instrument starts to gather and records the rail vibration acceleration and rail vibration displacement data at measuring point, including：
Triggering acceleration is set on data collecting instrument, and the triggering acceleration is more than rail background vibration acceleration amplitude；
When rail vibration acceleration is more than or equal to the triggering acceleration, the data collecting instrument starts acquisition and recording measuring point
The rail vibration acceleration and rail vibration displacement data at place；
When rail vibration acceleration is less than the triggering acceleration, the data collecting instrument stops the steel at acquisition and recording measuring point
Rail vibration acceleration and rail vibration displacement data.
4. the method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that described according to the rail vibration displacement
T at the time of data determine first wheel of train to reaching the measuring point1And train speed is calculated, including：
By institute's displacement sensors and data Acquisition Instrument obtain train by when measuring point at rail vertical motion displacement；
T at the time of determining first wheel of train to reaching the measuring point according to the peak value of rail vertical motion displacement1And train
Second bogie front-wheel to reach measuring point at the time of t2；
If train one section compartment two bogie front-wheels to the distance between be L1, then train speed v calculation formula is as follows：
V=L1/(t2-t1)。
5. method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described handle is from t0Moment is to t1The rail vibration at moment adds
Speed time-histories is divided into several time-histories section, and the length of each time-histories section is Δ t, including：
According to sleeper spacing dsTime Δ t of the train by a sleeper spacing is calculated according to the following formula with train speed v：
Δ t=ds/v
From t0Moment is to t1The rail vibration Acceleration time course at moment is divided into several time-histories section, the length of each time-histories section
It is Δ t, wherein, the quantity m of several time-histories section calculation formula is as follows：
<mrow>
<mi>m</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>t</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mi>t</mi>
<mn>0</mn>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
Wherein, if m is integer, m is retained constant；If m is decimal, processing is rounded to m, retains m integer part, gives up
Fractional part.
6. method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that 1/3rd times of each time-histories section Δ t of described calculating
Sound interval rail vibration accelerated speed effective value, according to 1/3rd octaves rail vibration accelerated speed effective value and sleeper spacing
Rail vibration attenuation rate is calculated, including：
For m time-histories section, from t1Moment starts to arrive t forward0At the moment, each time-histories section Δ t 1/3rd frequencys multiplication are calculated respectively
Journey rail vibration accelerated speed effective value, wherein, 1/3rd octave rail vibration accelerated speed effective values of first time-histories section
It is designated as Arms(0), 1/3rd octave rail vibration accelerated speed effective values of remaining time-histories section are designated as Arms(n), n=1~(m-
1)；
Rail vibration attenuation rate DR is calculated according to equation below：
<mrow>
<mi>D</mi>
<mi>R</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mn>4.343</mn>
<mrow>
<munderover>
<mo>&Sigma;</mo>
<mrow>
<mi>n</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mi>m</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</munderover>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mo>|</mo>
<msub>
<mi>A</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>r</mi>
<mi>m</mi>
<mi>s</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>n</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<msup>
<mo>|</mo>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>|</mo>
<msub>
<mi>A</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>r</mi>
<mi>m</mi>
<mi>s</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<msup>
<mo>|</mo>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<msub>
<mi>nd</mi>
<mi>s</mi>
</msub>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
<mo>.</mo>
7. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described method also includes：
When have many trains by when, on same measuring point, calculate respectively every train by when rail vibration attenuation rate；
Calculate the average value of the corresponding rail vibration attenuation rate of many trains；
It regard the average value as the corresponding final rail vibration attenuation rate of the measuring point.
8. method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described method also includes：
When having a kind of orbital fashion in the test section, multiple measuring points are set on the rail of the orbital fashion；
The corresponding rail vibration attenuation rate of each measuring point is calculated respectively；
Calculate the average value of the corresponding rail vibration attenuation rate of the multiple measuring point；
It regard the average value as the final rail vibration attenuation rate of the orbital fashion.
9. method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described method also includes：
When there are a variety of orbital fashions in the test section, one or more surveys are set on the rail of every kind of orbital fashion
Point；
Calculate the rail vibration attenuation rate of every kind of orbital fashion respectively by the measuring point of setting.
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