CN107192563A - Wheel hub drives electric automobile Electric Motor Wheel suspension system testing stand - Google Patents
Wheel hub drives electric automobile Electric Motor Wheel suspension system testing stand Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种轮毂驱动电动汽车电动轮悬架系统试验台，包括底座T型槽和总机架，底座T型槽设置在总机架下端，总机架上设置有悬挂模块和完整电动轮模块，悬挂模块与完整电动轮模块之间通过羊角连接，底座T型槽上设置有激振系统，激振系统包括激励源变频电机和振幅调节装置，激励源变频电机和振幅调节装置之间通过联轴器连接，激振系统上部安装有用于模拟路面的滚筒装置，滚筒装置通过两端的滚筒支撑架设置在底座T型槽上，整体电动轮结构中间没有机械传动机构，具有结构紧凑，传递效率高等优点，垂直载荷模拟机构可以模拟出电动轮在实际工况下的载荷、转矩及转速的变化。试验台可进行对电动轮的电子差速试验及制动试验。
The invention provides a test bench for the electric wheel suspension system of a hub-driven electric vehicle. The module, the suspension module and the complete electric wheel module are connected by horns, and the T-shaped groove of the base is provided with an excitation system. The excitation system includes an excitation source variable frequency motor and an amplitude adjustment device. Coupling connection, the upper part of the excitation system is equipped with a roller device for simulating the road surface. The roller device is set on the T-shaped groove of the base through the roller support frames at both ends. There is no mechanical transmission mechanism in the middle of the overall electric wheel structure, which has a compact structure and high transmission efficiency. With high advantages, the vertical load simulation mechanism can simulate the changes of the load, torque and speed of the electric wheel under actual working conditions. The test bench can carry out the electronic differential speed test and braking test of the electric wheel.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及电动汽车领域，尤其涉及一种轮毂驱动电动汽车电动轮悬架系统试验台。The invention relates to the field of electric vehicles, in particular to a test bench for an electric wheel suspension system of a hub-driven electric vehicle.
背景技术Background technique
21世纪的能源短缺与环境污染是需要解决的两大难题。在对这两个难题的解决上，电动汽车有着不可替代的优势。目前在对电动汽车的研究上，主要集中在离线纯计算机仿真阶段，采取台架试验和样车路试的并不多见。目前关于轮毂驱动电动汽车电动轮悬架系统试验平台研制较少。现有的对电动轮的动态加载测试平台，主要集中是对电动轮中的轮毂电机这一单独部件的性能测试，不能完整反映1/4车身电动轮系统的性能。台架试验的搭建能降低开发成本、缩短开发周期。并且可以模拟一些极限工况下车辆的行驶状态，这对车辆的性能评价具有一定的指导意义。Energy shortage and environmental pollution in the 21st century are two major problems that need to be solved. In solving these two problems, electric vehicles have irreplaceable advantages. At present, the research on electric vehicles is mainly focused on the off-line pure computer simulation stage, and it is rare to adopt bench tests and prototype road tests. At present, there are few developments on the test platform of the electric wheel suspension system of the wheel drive electric vehicle. The existing dynamic loading test platform for electric wheels mainly focuses on the performance test of the hub motor in the electric wheel, which cannot fully reflect the performance of the 1/4 body electric wheel system. The construction of the bench test can reduce the development cost and shorten the development cycle. And it can simulate the driving state of the vehicle under some extreme working conditions, which has certain guiding significance for the performance evaluation of the vehicle.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种轮毂驱动电动汽车电动轮悬架系统试验台，根据电动汽车整车结构特点，参照传统燃油汽车悬架结构，设计一款电动轮悬架系统台架试验平台，这对纯电动汽车的开发具有很好的参考价值和应用价值，将轮毂电机与车轮集成一体，适用于两轮或四轮独立驱动电动汽车，整体电动轮结构中间没有机械传动机构，具有结构紧凑，传递效率高等优点。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a test bench for the electric wheel suspension system of a hub-driven electric vehicle. According to the structural characteristics of the electric vehicle and referring to the suspension structure of the traditional fuel vehicle, a test platform for the electric wheel suspension system is designed. It has a good reference value and application value for the development of pure electric vehicles. The hub motor and the wheel are integrated, which is suitable for two-wheel or four-wheel independent drive electric vehicles. There is no mechanical transmission mechanism in the middle of the overall electric wheel structure, and it has a compact structure. The advantages of high transmission efficiency.
本发明提供一种轮毂驱动电动汽车电动轮悬架系统振动检测试验平台，包括底座T型槽和总机架，总机架上安装有螺旋传动固定架、双叉臂悬架；螺旋传动固定架顶部安装有用于对悬架模块施加的垂直载荷加载装置；双叉臂悬架一侧安装有完整电动轮模块，包括羊角、刹车盘、轮毂电机、轮辋及轮胎；总机架底部固定有用于产生激振信号的激振系统，激振系统包括激励源变频电机、振幅调节装置；激振系统上部安装有用于模拟路面的滚筒装置，模拟路面滚筒装置包括滚筒轴、幅板、接盘、筒皮；所述螺旋传动固定架通过螺栓固联在总机架上，所述双叉臂悬架装置铰接在机架上；所述激振系统通过螺栓固联在底盘支架上。The invention provides a vibration detection test platform for the electric wheel suspension system of a hub-driven electric vehicle, which includes a base T-shaped groove and a main frame. The general frame is equipped with a screw transmission fixing frame and a double wishbone suspension; A vertical load loading device for applying the suspension module is installed on the top; a complete electric wheel module is installed on one side of the double-wishbone suspension, including horns, brake discs, hub motors, rims and tires; the bottom of the main frame is fixed for generating The excitation system of the excitation signal, the excitation system includes the frequency conversion motor of the excitation source, and the amplitude adjustment device; the roller device for simulating the road surface is installed on the upper part of the excitation system, and the roller device for simulating the road surface includes a roller shaft, a web, a connecting plate, and a drum skin; The screw drive fixing frame is fixedly connected to the main frame through bolts, and the double-wishbone suspension device is hinged on the frame; the vibration excitation system is fixedly connected to the chassis support through bolts.
进一步改进在于：所述垂直载荷加载装置由摇柄，螺旋传动杆，螺旋螺母构成；摇柄与螺旋传动杆之间通过键过盈的方式实现固联；螺旋螺母与螺旋传动固定架通过外围一圈螺栓固定；螺旋传动杆与螺旋螺母通过齿啮合实现垂直方向上的位移进给。The further improvement is that: the vertical load loading device is composed of a crank handle, a screw drive rod, and a screw nut; the crank handle and the screw drive rod are fixedly connected by means of key interference; the screw nut and the screw drive fixing frame are connected through a peripheral The ring bolt is fixed; the screw transmission rod and the screw nut realize the displacement feed in the vertical direction through the meshing of the teeth.
进一步改进在于：所述减震器的结构为：包括弹簧和阻尼器，弹簧由上下端盖压缩在一定行程中，阻尼器与上下端盖通过固联的方式实现固定。A further improvement is that the structure of the shock absorber is: including a spring and a damper, the spring is compressed in a certain stroke by the upper and lower end covers, and the damper and the upper and lower end covers are fixed by solid connection.
进一步改进在于：所述悬架模块由上摆臂、羊角、下摆臂构成；上摆臂的一端通过总机架上方的铰接块实现连接，上摆臂的另一端与羊角铰接；羊角的下端通过球头与下摆臂的一端连接，下摆臂的另一端与总机架的固定块实现铰接。The further improvement is that: the suspension module is composed of an upper swing arm, horns, and a lower swing arm; one end of the upper swing arm is connected through a hinge block above the main frame, and the other end of the upper swing arm is hinged with the horn; the lower end of the horn is passed through The ball joint is connected with one end of the lower swing arm, and the other end of the lower swing arm is hinged with the fixed block of the main frame.
进一步改进在于：所述路面模拟装置由滚筒轴、接盘、幅板、筒皮构成；滚筒轴与接盘之间使用键过盈的方式实现固定；接盘与幅板之间利用焊接的方式来实现固联；幅板与筒皮之间利用焊接的方式来实现固联。The further improvement is that: the road surface simulation device is composed of a drum shaft, a connecting disc, a web, and a drum skin; the drum shaft and the connecting disc are fixed by means of key interference; the connecting disc and the web are fixed by welding. Joint; between the web and the tube skin, the solid connection is realized by welding.
为减轻路面模拟装置结构的质量，需在每个幅板上开四个圆孔作为质量轻化的依据；所开圆孔的直径大小据有限元分析结果显示为φ15cm。In order to reduce the quality of the pavement simulator structure, it is necessary to open four round holes on each web as the basis for the weight reduction; the diameter of the opened round holes is shown to be φ15cm according to the finite element analysis results.
进一步改进在于：所述激振系统由激励源变频电机、振幅调节装置、联轴器构成；振幅调节装置由激振圆盘、横拉杆、纵推杆、幅值调节器、螺栓螺母构成；激励源变频电机通过内嵌螺栓实现与底盘固定装置连接；联轴器的一端通过键过盈的方式实现与变频电机转轴连接，另一端通过键过盈方式与振幅调节装置实现连接。The further improvement is: the excitation system is composed of an excitation source variable frequency motor, an amplitude adjustment device, and a shaft coupling; the amplitude adjustment device is composed of an excitation disc, a tie rod, a vertical push rod, an amplitude regulator, and a bolt and nut; The variable frequency motor of the source is connected to the chassis fixing device through embedded bolts; one end of the coupling is connected to the shaft of the variable frequency motor through key interference, and the other end is connected to the amplitude adjustment device through key interference.
进一步改进在于：所述滚筒支撑架由纵向导柱、T型滑道、滚筒轴固定块、轴承、纵向导块构成；纵向导柱底座通过内置螺栓实现与底盘的固定；纵向导轨内侧与T型滑道之间利用螺栓拧和的方式实现固联；滚筒轴固定块一端通过键过盈方式与滚筒轴实现固联，另一端与T型滑道内侧实现紧密的配合，用于实现上下振动位移的实现；轴承安装在滚筒轴固定块的内部，用于实现滚筒转动所需的必要条件；纵向导块安装在T型滑道内侧，一端与滚筒轴固定块利用焊接实现固联，另一端利用焊接与振幅调节装置实现固联；从而实现整个振动系统的运动协调。The further improvement lies in that: the roller support frame is composed of a longitudinal guide column, a T-shaped slideway, a roller shaft fixing block, a bearing, and a longitudinal guide block; the base of the longitudinal guide column is fixed to the chassis through built-in bolts; The slideways are fixedly connected by screwing bolts; one end of the roller shaft fixing block is fixedly connected to the roller shaft through key interference, and the other end is closely matched with the inner side of the T-shaped slideway to realize the up and down vibration displacement Realization; the bearing is installed inside the fixed block of the drum shaft, which is used to realize the necessary conditions for the rotation of the drum; the longitudinal guide block is installed on the inside of the T-shaped slideway, and one end is solidly connected with the fixed block of the drum shaft by welding, and the other end is fixed by welding. The welding and the amplitude adjustment device are connected firmly; thus the movement coordination of the whole vibration system is realized.
进一步改进在于：所述垂直载荷加载装置与减震器之间安装有压力传感器，压力传感器的一端与螺旋传动杆利用齿啮合的原理实现固联，另一端利用螺栓与减震器之间实现紧密配合。A further improvement is: a pressure sensor is installed between the vertical load loading device and the shock absorber, one end of the pressure sensor and the screw transmission rod are connected firmly by the principle of tooth meshing, and the other end is tightly connected by the bolt and the shock absorber. Cooperate.
进一步改进在于：所述双叉臂的下摆臂球头处安装有位移传感器，位移传感器的底端可以利用液态胶水进行在下摆臂的固定。A further improvement is that: a displacement sensor is installed at the ball head of the lower swing arm of the double wishbone, and the bottom end of the displacement sensor can be fixed on the lower swing arm with liquid glue.
本发明的有益效果是：将轮毂电机与车轮集成一体，适用于两轮或四轮独立驱动电动汽车，整体电动轮结构中间没有机械传动机构，具有结构紧凑，传递效率高等优点，且除了对电动轮进行耐久性试验外，还可作为对电动汽车在实际运行工况下运动测试，在此平台上，垂直载荷模拟机构能够模拟电动轮在实际工况下的载荷、转矩及转速的变化，可进行电动轮的电子差速试验及制动试验等。激振系统能够模拟不同工况下路面不平度，通过对1/4电动轮悬架系统试验台的搭建可完成电动汽车的研发提供技术支持和减少资金的投入，对电动汽车加快投入市场起到关键性作用。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the in-wheel motor and the wheel are integrated, which is suitable for two-wheel or four-wheel independent drive electric vehicles. There is no mechanical transmission mechanism in the middle of the overall electric wheel structure, which has the advantages of compact structure and high transmission efficiency. In addition to the durability test of electric wheels, it can also be used as a motion test for electric vehicles under actual operating conditions. On this platform, the vertical load simulation mechanism can simulate the changes in load, torque and speed of electric wheels under actual operating conditions. Electronic differential speed test and braking test of electric wheels can be carried out. The excitation system can simulate the unevenness of the road surface under different working conditions. Through the construction of the 1/4 electric wheel suspension system test bench, it can provide technical support for the research and development of electric vehicles and reduce capital investment, which plays a role in accelerating the introduction of electric vehicles into the market. key role.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
图2是本发明的结构主视图。Fig. 2 is a structural front view of the present invention.
图3是本发明的结构左视图。Fig. 3 is a left view of the structure of the present invention.
图4是本发明的垂直加载装置结构示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the vertical loading device of the present invention.
图5是本发明的振幅调节装置结构示意图。Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the amplitude adjusting device of the present invention.
其中：1-底座T型槽，2-总机架，3-羊角，4-下摆臂，5-上摆臂，6-铰接块，7-刹车盘，8-电动轮，9-激励源变频电机，10-振幅调节装置，11-联轴器，12-滚筒装置，13-滚筒支撑架，14-螺旋传动杆，15-螺旋螺母，16-摇柄，17-螺旋传动固定架，18-横拉杆，19-纵推杆，20-激振圆盘，21-T型滑道，22-滚筒轴固定块，23-滚筒轴，24-筒皮，25-幅板，26-减震器，27-压力传感器。Among them: 1-base T-slot, 2-main frame, 3-horns, 4-lower swing arm, 5-upper swing arm, 6-hinge block, 7-brake disc, 8-electric wheel, 9-excitation source frequency conversion Motor, 10-amplitude adjustment device, 11-coupling, 12-roller device, 13-roller support frame, 14-screw drive rod, 15-screw nut, 16-handle, 17-screw drive fixing frame, 18- Tie rod, 19-vertical push rod, 20-exciting disc, 21-T slideway, 22-roller shaft fixing block, 23-roller shaft, 24-tube skin, 25-width plate, 26-shock absorber , 27-pressure sensor.
具体实施方式detailed description
为了加深对本发明的理解，下面将结合实施例对本发明作进一步详述，该实施例仅用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明保护范围的限定。In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with examples, which are only used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the protection scope of the present invention.
如图1-5所示，本实施例提供了一种轮毂驱动电动汽车电动轮悬架系统试验台，包括底座T型槽1和总机架2，所述底座T型槽1设置在总机架2下端，所述总机架2上设置有悬架模块和完整电动轮模块，所述悬架模块与完整电动轮模块之间通过羊角3连接，所述悬架模块包括下摆臂4和上摆臂5，所述上摆臂5一端通过铰接块6连接在总机架2上，另一端连接在羊角3上，所述下摆臂4一端固定在总机架2上，另一端连接在羊角3上，所述完整动轮模块包括刹车盘7和电动轮8，所述刹车盘7设置在羊角3的右端，电动轮8设置在刹车盘7右端，所述底座T型槽1上设置有激振系统，所述激振系统包括激励源变频电机9和振幅调节装置10，所述激励源变频电机9和振幅调节装置10之间通过联轴器11连接，所述激振系统上部安装有用于模拟路面的滚筒装置12，所述滚筒装置12通过两端的滚筒支撑架13设置在底座T型槽1上。As shown in Figures 1-5, this embodiment provides a test bench for the electric wheel suspension system of a hub-driven electric vehicle, including a base T-slot 1 and a main frame 2, and the base T-slot 1 is arranged on the switchboard The lower end of the frame 2, the main frame 2 is provided with a suspension module and a complete electric wheel module, the suspension module and the complete electric wheel module are connected by a horn 3, and the suspension module includes a lower swing arm 4 and an upper Swing arm 5, one end of the upper swing arm 5 is connected to the main frame 2 through a hinge block 6, the other end is connected to the horn 3, one end of the lower swing arm 4 is fixed on the main frame 2, and the other end is connected to the horn 3, the complete moving wheel module includes a brake disc 7 and an electric wheel 8, the brake disc 7 is set on the right end of the horn 3, the electric wheel 8 is set on the right end of the brake disc 7, and the T-shaped groove 1 of the base is provided with an exciter Vibration system, the excitation system includes an excitation source variable frequency motor 9 and an amplitude adjustment device 10, the excitation source frequency conversion motor 9 and the amplitude adjustment device 10 are connected by a coupling 11, and the upper part of the excitation system is installed for A roller device 12 simulating a road surface, the roller device 12 is arranged on the T-shaped groove 1 of the base through roller support frames 13 at both ends.
所述悬架模块上方还设置有垂直载荷加载装置，所述垂直载荷加载装置包括螺旋传动杆14、螺旋螺母15和摇柄16，所述螺旋传动杆14通过螺旋传动固定架17固定设置在上摆臂5上方，所述摇柄16与螺旋传动杆14之间通过键过盈的方式实现固联，所述螺旋螺母15与螺旋传动固定架17通过外围螺栓固定，所述螺旋传动杆14与螺旋螺母15通过齿啮合实现垂直方向上的位移进给。A vertical load loading device is also arranged above the suspension module, and the vertical load loading device includes a screw transmission rod 14, a screw nut 15 and a rocker 16, and the screw transmission rod 14 is fixed on the upper side by a screw transmission fixing frame 17. Above the swing arm 5, the rocker 16 and the screw transmission rod 14 are fixedly connected by means of key interference, the screw nut 15 and the screw transmission fixing frame 17 are fixed by peripheral bolts, and the screw transmission rod 14 and The helical nut 15 realizes displacement feeding in the vertical direction through tooth engagement.
所述振幅调节装置10包括横拉杆18、纵推杆19和激振圆盘20，所述横拉杆18设置在滚筒支撑架13上，所述纵推杆19设置在横拉杆18下端，所述激振圆盘20设置在纵推杆19上。The amplitude adjusting device 10 includes a tie rod 18, a vertical push rod 19 and an exciting disc 20, the tie rod 18 is arranged on the roller support frame 13, the vertical push rod 19 is arranged at the lower end of the tie rod 18, the The vibration disc 20 is arranged on the vertical push rod 19 .
所述滚筒支撑架13上还设置有T型滑道21和滚筒轴固定块22，所述T型滑道21设置在滚筒支撑架13内侧，所述滚筒轴固定块22设置在T型滑道21上，所述滚筒轴固定块22与滚筒装置12相连。The roller support frame 13 is also provided with a T-shaped slideway 21 and a roller shaft fixing block 22, the T-shaped slideway 21 is arranged on the inner side of the roller support frame 13, and the roller shaft fixing block 22 is arranged on the T-shaped slideway 21 , the roller shaft fixing block 22 is connected with the roller device 12 .
所述滚筒装置12包括滚筒轴23、筒皮24和幅板25，所述筒皮24和幅板25组成滚筒，并通过滚筒轴23安装在滚筒支撑架13上。The drum device 12 includes a drum shaft 23 , a drum skin 24 and a web 25 , the drum skin 24 and the web 25 form a drum, and are installed on the drum support frame 13 through the drum shaft 23 .
所述垂直载荷加载装置上设置有减震器26，所述垂直载荷加载装置与减震器26之间安装有压力传感器27。A shock absorber 26 is arranged on the vertical load loading device, and a pressure sensor 27 is installed between the vertical load loading device and the shock absorber 26 .
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