CN107185949A - A kind of microwave plasma refuse disposal installation and its processing method - Google Patents

A kind of microwave plasma refuse disposal installation and its processing method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107185949A
CN107185949A CN201710448753.2A CN201710448753A CN107185949A CN 107185949 A CN107185949 A CN 107185949A CN 201710448753 A CN201710448753 A CN 201710448753A CN 107185949 A CN107185949 A CN 107185949A
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China
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microwave plasma
microwave
pipe
refuse disposal
disposal installation
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Pending
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CN201710448753.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘鲁伟
赵琰
尚吉花
贺兆昌
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Anhui East China Institute of Optoelectronic Technology
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Anhui East China Institute of Optoelectronic Technology
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Priority to CN201710448753.2A priority Critical patent/CN107185949A/en
Publication of CN107185949A publication Critical patent/CN107185949A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/40Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of microwave plasma refuse disposal installation and its processing method, and microwave plasma refuse disposal installation includes microwave plasma garbage disposal part and high-temperature tail gas purification part;Microwave plasma garbage disposal part includes microwave power source, microwave one-way transmission device, tuner and the microwave plasma pipe being sequentially connected, and the two ends of cooling system are connected with microwave power source, attenuator respectively;Microwave plasma pipe is connected with microwave plasma chemical reactor;Steam heater and feeder are connected with propeller respectively, and propeller is connected with microwave plasma chemical reactor;High-temperature tail gas purification portion point includes the flue that one end is connected on microwave plasma chemical reactor, and the other end of flue is connected with hot gas application apparatus, fume purifier, chimney successively.The present invention in the presence of the electronics with excessive temperature, can almost reduce all and be difficult to reduction and material hard to tolerate, it is to avoid secondary pollution in the plasma.

Description

A kind of microwave plasma refuse disposal installation and its processing method
Technical field
The present invention relates to microwave plasma chemical field, more particularly, to a kind of microwave plasma refuse disposal installation And its processing method.
Background technology
With the development of the social economy, the house refuse of Chinese city, municipal garbage, chemical industry rubbish, medical waste etc. are Increasing year by year.Although municipal refuse be considered as most potentiality to be exploited, never exhausted " mineral reserve ", be " to mislay Resource ", but how to handle rubbish turn into current city manage in an important topic.Current China more than 1/3 City faces the quagmire in " rubbish encirclement city ", and National urban rubbish, which is stored up, to be added up to occupy soil more than 500,000,000 square metres, annual Economic loss is up to more than 30,000,000,000 yuan.
At present, municipal refuse is generally handled using the method for burning, landfill.It is handle rubbish one that incineration firing, which generates electricity, Individual extraordinary method, had not only handled rubbish but also had realized reusing for resource.But, organic waste is easily produced in burning Raw toxic and harmful gas, such as sulfide, bioxin, furans, these gases are highly unwanted to the mankind, and are difficult degraded.Rubbish Rubbish burying method is simple, treating capacity big, but easily causes secondary pollution, and occupies substantial amounts of valuable soil.
Based on above reason, need a kind of environmentally friendly, efficient garbage disposal new technology of invention badly to solve these problems.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a kind of microwave plasma for problems of the prior art Body refuse disposal installation and its processing method, the purpose is to there is excessive temperature (to be about 2000- in the plasma In the presence of electronics 50000K), it can almost reduce all and be difficult to reduction and material hard to tolerate, be produced in toxic and harmful gas It is preceding thoroughly to be decomposed, it is to avoid secondary pollution.
The technical scheme is that this kind of microwave plasma refuse disposal installation is included at microwave plasma rubbish Reason part and high-temperature tail gas purify part;The microwave plasma garbage disposal part includes the microwave power being sequentially connected Source, microwave one-way transmission device, tuner and microwave plasma pipe, described microwave one-way transmission device are with three ends The circulator of mouth, the first port of microwave one-way transmission device is connected with microwave power source, and the second of microwave one-way transmission device Port is connected with tuner, and the 3rd port of microwave one-way transmission device is connected with attenuator, the two ends of cooling system respectively with Microwave power source, attenuator connection;Described microwave plasma pipe is connected with microwave plasma chemical reactor;It is described micro- Ripple plasma garbage disposal part also includes steam heater, propeller and feeder, steam heater and feeder difference It is connected with propeller, propeller is connected with microwave plasma chemical reactor;Described high-temperature tail gas purification portion point includes one End is connected to the flue on microwave plasma chemical reactor, and the other end of flue is set with hot gas application successively Standby, fume purifier, chimney connection.
Microwave plasma pipe is additionally provided with described flue, one end of microwave plasma pipe is connected to fume pipe Road, the other end of microwave plasma pipe is connected with tuner, microwave one-way transmission device, microwave power source successively, microwave list It is connected to the 3rd port of transmission apparatus with attenuator, the two ends of cooling system are connected with microwave power source, attenuator respectively.
The quantity for the microwave plasma pipe being connected with microwave plasma chemical reactor is n (n is more than or equal to 1), When n is more than or equal to 2, the angle between two neighboring microwave plasma pipe is less than or equal to 360 °/n.
The first microwave plasma flame at the microwave plasma pipe being connected with microwave plasma chemical reactor Temperature be less than the temperature of the second microwave plasma flame at the microwave plasma pipe that is connected with flue.
Described microwave power source can be magnetron klystron travelling-wave tubes either gyrotron or It is all solid state microwave source.
Described microwave one-way transmission device can be circulator either directional coupler.
The temperature of first microwave plasma flame is more than 600 DEG C, and the temperature of the second microwave plasma flame is more than 800 ℃。
The method handled using above-mentioned microwave plasma refuse disposal installation is included:
1) rubbish is pre-processed:Remove and metal, ceramics, glass, stone, concrete, brickbat for being cleaved etc. are difficult in rubbish Material;
2) rubbish is crushed:Pretreated rubbish is ground into graininess, the diameter of particle is between 0.1mm-5cm;
3) rubbish after crushing is injected into microwave plasma chemical reactor by feeder and propeller;
4) operation material of microwave plasma pipe is the steam of heating, and microwave plasma pipe is in microwave power source, micro- The first microwave plasma flame is produced in the presence of ripple one-way transmission device and tuner, the granulated garbage after crushing is first The gas of minimum molecular weight is cracked into the presence of microwave plasma flame;
5) by step 4) gas that cracks out after flue, hot gas application apparatus, fume purifier from chimney Middle discharge.
The temperature of the second microwave plasma flame at the microwave plasma pipe being connected with flue is higher than first The temperature of microwave plasma flame, the second microwave plasma flame enters the material for the part HMW not completely vaporized One step is cracked, and all macromolecule materials is cracked completely.
This kind of microwave plasma refuse disposal installation and its processing method with said structure have advantages below:
1. the microwave plasma chemical reactor in this kind of microwave plasma refuse disposal installation is used to rubbish vapour It is melted into the material of minimum molecular weight, the second microwave plasma of the material of the part HMW not completely vaporized in higher temperature Further cracked at body flame, so that all macromolecule materials are cracked completely;The flammable heat that garbage cracking burning is produced Gas is reclaimed by hot gas application apparatus, realizes the re-using of resource, last flue dust tail gas by fume purifier handle after discharge Into air, innoxious, recycling treatment is realized.
2nd, this kind of microwave plasma refuse disposal installation handles rubbish and poisonous and harmful tail using plasma technique Gas, because the electronics in plasma has high temperature (being about 2000-50000K), such high temperature almost can be also It is former all be difficult to reduction and material hard to tolerate;When being handled using the present invention the rubbish for having germ and infective virus, no The presoma that bioxin , bioxin can be produced is entirely destroyed decomposition;Moreover, the high temperature more than 1000 DEG C can almost kill institute Some bacteriums, microorganism and virus.Secondary pollution is avoided while Problem of Urban Waste is solved.
3. the plasma of this kind of microwave plasma refuse disposal installation is using air as operation material, resource is wide, cost Substantial amounts of gasoline or diesel oil low, used when incineration firing can be avoided to light a fire.
Brief description of the drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of microwave plasma refuse disposal installation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural representation of embodiment of the present invention.
In Fig. 1-2,1:Microwave power source;2:Microwave one-way transmission device;3:Attenuator;4:Tuner;5:Microwave etc. Gas ions pipe;6:Cooling system;7:Microwave plasma chemical reactor;8:Steam heater;9:Propeller;10:Feeder; 11:First microwave plasma flame;12:Flue;13:Second microwave plasma flame;14:Hot gas application apparatus; 15:Fume purifier;16:Chimney;17:Power station;18:Magnetron.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of microwave plasma refuse disposal installation of the present invention, this kind of microwave plasma rubbish Processing unit includes microwave plasma garbage disposal part and high-temperature tail gas purification part;At the microwave plasma rubbish Reason part includes microwave power source 1, microwave one-way transmission device 2, tuner 4 and the microwave plasma pipe 5 being sequentially connected, institute The microwave one-way transmission device 2 stated is the circulator with three ports, the first port and microwave of microwave one-way transmission device 2 Power source 1 is connected, and the second port of microwave one-way transmission device 2 is connected with tuner 4, and the 3rd of microwave one-way transmission device 2 the Port is connected with attenuator 3, and the two ends of cooling system 6 are connected with microwave power source 1, attenuator 3 respectively;Described microwave etc. from Daughter pipe 5 is connected with microwave plasma chemical reactor 7, microwave being connected with microwave plasma chemical reactor 7 etc. from The quantity of daughter pipe 5 is n (n is more than or equal to 1), when n is more than or equal to 2, the folder between two neighboring microwave plasma pipe 5 Angle is less than or equal to 360 °/n.
The microwave plasma garbage disposal part also includes steam heater 8, propeller 9 and feeder 10, steam Heater 8 and feeder 10 are connected with propeller 9 respectively, and propeller 9 is connected with microwave plasma chemical reactor 7;It is described High-temperature tail gas purification portion point include the flue 12 that one end is connected on microwave plasma chemical reactor 7, fume pipe The other end in road 12 is connected with hot gas application apparatus 14, fume purifier 15, chimney 16 successively.
Microwave plasma pipe 5 is additionally provided with described flue 12, one end of microwave plasma pipe 5 is connected to cigarette Feed channel 12, the other end of microwave plasma pipe 5 connects with tuner 4, microwave one-way transmission device 2, microwave power source 1 successively Connect, the 3rd port of microwave one-way transmission device 2 is connected with attenuator 3, the two ends of cooling system 6 respectively with microwave power source 1, Attenuator 3 is connected.
The first microwave plasma fire at the microwave plasma pipe 5 being connected with microwave plasma chemical reactor 7 The temperature of flame 11 is less than the temperature of the second microwave plasma flame 13 at the microwave plasma pipe 5 being connected with flue 12 Degree, the second microwave plasma flame 13 further cracks the material for the part HMW not completely vaporized, makes all big Middle Molecular Substance is cracked completely;The temperature of first microwave plasma flame 11 is preferably greater than 600 DEG C, the second microwave plasma The temperature of body flame 13 is preferably greater than 800 DEG C.
Microwave power source 1 can be that magnetron klystron travelling-wave tubes gyrotron is either complete solid State microwave source.
Microwave one-way transmission device 2 can be circulator either directional coupler.
The method handled using above-mentioned microwave plasma refuse disposal installation is included:
1) rubbish is pre-processed:Remove and metal, ceramics, glass, stone, concrete, brickbat for being cleaved etc. are difficult in rubbish Material;
2) rubbish is crushed:Pretreated rubbish is ground into graininess, the diameter of particle is between 0.1mm-5cm;
3) rubbish after crushing is injected into microwave plasma chemical reactor 7 by feeder 10 and propeller 9;
4) operation material of microwave plasma pipe 5 for heating steam, microwave plasma pipe 5 microwave power source 1, The first microwave plasma flame 11, the granulated garbage after crushing are produced in the presence of microwave one-way transmission device 2 and tuner 4 The gas of minimum molecular weight is cracked into the presence of the first microwave plasma flame 11;
5) by step 4) gas that cracks out is after flue 12, hot gas application apparatus 14, fume purifier 15 Discharged from chimney 16.
The temperature of second microwave plasma flame 13 is higher than the temperature of the first microwave plasma flame 11, the second microwave Plasma flame 13 further cracks the material for the part HMW not completely vaporized, makes all macromolecule material quilts Cracking completely.
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural representation of embodiment of microwave plasma refuse disposal installation of the present invention, micro- Wave power source 1 is using 70kW continuous wave magnetron 18, and its effect is to provide high-power microwave to microwave plasma pipe 5, So as to put forward the density of highly excited plasma, and then accelerate the cracking and burning of rubbish.
In the present embodiment, microwave one-way transmission device 2 is three port circulators.The first port of circulator and magnetron 18 It is connected, for microwave energy to be input in circulator;The second port of the circulator is connected with tuner 4, for microwave Plasmatron 5 provides microwave energy;3rd port of circulator is connected with attenuator 3, for transmitting from plasmatron reflection Microwave power into attenuator 3.
In the present embodiment, the operation material of microwave plasma pipe 5 is the steam of heating, and the temperature of steam is 200 DEG C.The The temperature of one microwave plasma flame 11 is 1000 DEG C.
In the present embodiment, the quantity for the microwave plasma pipe 5 being connected on microwave plasma chemical reactor 7 is 2 Individual, the angle between two microwave plasma pipes 5 is by 90 ° on microwave plasma chemical reactor 7.
In the present embodiment, rubbish is medical waste, and medical waste is pre-processed before crushing, is removed contained therein Metal material, glass material and ceramic material.Then rubbish is ground into graininess, diameter is between 0.1mm-5cm.Per small When to be injected into the weight of medical waste in microwave plasma chemical reactor 7 be 400Kg.It is anti-in microwave plasma chemical Answer in device 7, the bacterium or viral almost all in medical waste are cleaved kill.Medical waste almost all is cracked into minimum The material of molecular weight, such as CO, CO2、SO2、H2Deng.
In the present embodiment, the temperature of the second microwave plasma flame 13 is 1200 DEG C.Second microwave plasma fire The effect of flame 13 is gas of the further cracking from microwave plasma chemical reactor 7 out, is made contained therein micro The materials such as bioxin are cracked, and reach the effect of purification gas.
In the present embodiment, the flammable hot gas that the garbage cracking burning is produced is reclaimed by power station 17, and garbage cracking is produced Raw heat is generated electricity.‘
In the present embodiment, the tail gas of power station discharge enters in fume purifier 15, removes sulfide therein, nitride And chloride etc., last tail gas realizes non-pollution discharge from chimney 16 is discharged into air.
Microwave plasma chemical reactor in this kind of microwave plasma refuse disposal installation is to vaporize rubbish Into the gas of minimum molecular weight, the second microwave plasma of the material of the part HMW not completely vaporized in higher temperature Further cracked at flame, so that all macromolecule materials are cracked completely;The flammable hot gas that garbage cracking burning is produced Reclaimed by hot gas application apparatus, realize the re-using of resource, last flue dust tail gas by fume purifier handle after be discharged into In air, innoxious, recycling treatment is realized.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of microwave plasma refuse disposal installation, it is characterised in that:Described microwave plasma refuse disposal installation Including microwave plasma garbage disposal part and high-temperature tail gas purification part;The microwave plasma garbage disposal part bag Include the microwave power source (1) being sequentially connected, microwave one-way transmission device (2), tuner (4) and microwave plasma pipe (5), institute The microwave one-way transmission device (2) stated is the circulator with three ports, the first port of microwave one-way transmission device (2) with Microwave power source (1) is connected, and the second port of microwave one-way transmission device (2) is connected with tuner (4), microwave unidirectional transmission unit 3rd port of part (2) is connected with attenuator (3), the two ends of cooling system (6) respectively with microwave power source (1), attenuator (3) Connection;Described microwave plasma pipe (5) is connected with microwave plasma chemical reactor (7);The microwave plasma Garbage disposal part also includes steam heater (8), propeller (9) and feeder (10), steam heater (8) and feeder (10) it is connected respectively with propeller (9), propeller (9) is connected with microwave plasma chemical reactor (7);Described high temperature tail Gas purification portion point includes the flue (12) that one end is connected on microwave plasma chemical reactor (7), flue (12) the other end is connected with hot gas application apparatus (14), fume purifier (15), chimney (16) successively.
2. a kind of microwave plasma refuse disposal installation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described fume pipe Microwave plasma pipe (5) is additionally provided with road (12), one end of microwave plasma pipe (5) is connected to flue (12), micro- The other end of ripple plasmatron (5) is connected with tuner (4), microwave one-way transmission device (2), microwave power source (1) successively, 3rd port of microwave one-way transmission device (2) is connected with attenuator (3), the two ends of cooling system (6) respectively with microwave power Source (1), attenuator (3) connection.
3. a kind of microwave plasma refuse disposal installation according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:With microwave etc. The quantity of the connected microwave plasma pipe (5) of gas ions chemical reactor (7) is n (n is more than or equal to 1), when n is more than or equal to When 2, the angle between two neighboring microwave plasma pipe (5) is less than or equal to 360 °/n.
4. a kind of microwave plasma refuse disposal installation according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:With microwave plasma The temperature of the first microwave plasma flame (11) at connected microwave plasma pipe (5) place of body chemical reactor (7) is less than The temperature of the second microwave plasma flame (13) at microwave plasma pipe (5) place being connected with flue (12).
5. a kind of microwave plasma refuse disposal installation according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:Described microwave work( Rate source (1) can be magnetron klystron travelling-wave tubes gyrotron either all solid state microwave source.
6. a kind of microwave plasma refuse disposal installation according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:Described microwave list Can be circulator either directional coupler to transmission apparatus (2).
7. a kind of microwave plasma refuse disposal installation according to claim 6, it is characterised in that:First microwave etc. from The temperature of daughter flame (11) is more than 600 DEG C, and the temperature of the second microwave plasma flame (13) is more than 800 DEG C.
8. the side handled using the microwave plasma refuse disposal installation described in any one of claim 1-7 claim Method, it is characterised in that:Described processing method includes,
1) rubbish is pre-processed:Remove and the materials such as the metal, ceramics, glass, stone, concrete, the brickbat that are cleaved are difficult in rubbish;
2) rubbish is crushed:Pretreated rubbish is ground into graininess, the diameter of particle is between 0.1mm-5cm;
3) rubbish after crushing is injected into microwave plasma chemical reactor (7) by feeder (10) and propeller (9) It is interior;
4) operation material of microwave plasma pipe (5) is the steam of heating, and microwave plasma pipe (5) is in microwave power source (1) the first microwave plasma flame (11), is produced in the presence of microwave one-way transmission device (2) and tuner (4), after crushing Granulated garbage the gas of minimum molecular weight is cracked into the presence of the first microwave plasma flame (11);
5) by step 4) gas that cracks out passes through flue (12), hot gas application apparatus (14), fume purifier (15) Discharged afterwards from chimney (16).
9. the method according to claim 8 handled using microwave plasma refuse disposal installation, its feature is existed In:The temperature of the second microwave plasma flame (13) at microwave plasma pipe (5) place being connected with flue (12) is high In the temperature of the first microwave plasma flame (11), the second microwave plasma flame (13) is high by the part not completely vaporized The material of molecular weight is further cracked, and all macromolecule materials is cracked completely.
CN201710448753.2A 2017-06-14 2017-06-14 A kind of microwave plasma refuse disposal installation and its processing method Pending CN107185949A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107695085A (en) * 2017-11-06 2018-02-16 清华大学 A kind of Microwave plasma treatment plastic garbage device
CN107708283A (en) * 2017-11-06 2018-02-16 清华大学 The temprature control method and equipment of a kind of microwave plasma
CN109442422A (en) * 2018-11-05 2019-03-08 安徽航天环境工程有限公司 A kind of high temperature microwave plasma generator and waste treatment system
CN110677973A (en) * 2019-11-07 2020-01-10 成都悦坤科技有限公司 Microwave plasma waste solid cracking device

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CN104745235A (en) * 2015-03-16 2015-07-01 上海锅炉厂有限公司 Plasma waste gasification and pyrolysis equipment
CN204714749U (en) * 2015-06-05 2015-10-21 深圳市爱地环境技术开发有限公司 A kind of equipment for treating organic refuse
CN105018149A (en) * 2015-08-05 2015-11-04 中国东方电气集团有限公司 Domestic refuse plasma gasification reaction furnace

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CN1858299A (en) * 2006-03-27 2006-11-08 杭州大华仪器制造有限公司 Microwave plasma device and method for preparing diamond film and etched carbon film
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Cited By (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107695085A (en) * 2017-11-06 2018-02-16 清华大学 A kind of Microwave plasma treatment plastic garbage device
CN107708283A (en) * 2017-11-06 2018-02-16 清华大学 The temprature control method and equipment of a kind of microwave plasma
CN109442422A (en) * 2018-11-05 2019-03-08 安徽航天环境工程有限公司 A kind of high temperature microwave plasma generator and waste treatment system
CN110677973A (en) * 2019-11-07 2020-01-10 成都悦坤科技有限公司 Microwave plasma waste solid cracking device

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Application publication date: 20170922