CN107181324A - A kind of optical fiber Intelligent terminal for Internet of things - Google Patents
A kind of optical fiber Intelligent terminal for Internet of things Download PDFInfo
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- CN107181324A CN107181324A CN201710588355.0A CN201710588355A CN107181324A CN 107181324 A CN107181324 A CN 107181324A CN 201710588355 A CN201710588355 A CN 201710588355A CN 107181324 A CN107181324 A CN 107181324A
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
- H02J13/00019—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using optical means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
- Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
- Y04S40/124—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using wired telecommunication networks or data transmission busses
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the present application discloses a kind of optical fiber Intelligent terminal for Internet of things, including：Central control unit, signal gathering unit, communications unit and action control unit；Central control unit includes metering micro-control unit and control micro-control unit, communicated between central control unit and control micro-control unit by Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter, metering micro-control unit is connected with signal gathering unit, and control micro-control unit is connected with communications unit and action control unit respectively；The optical fiber Intelligent terminal for Internet of things of the embodiment of the present application, can realize that running status quick, real-time, accurately to power network carries out on-line monitoring.
Description
Technical field
The application is related to technical field of electric power, more particularly to a kind of optical fiber Intelligent terminal for Internet of things.
Background technology
Along with the development trend of intelligent grid " information-based, automation, interactive ", both at home and abroad from government to electric power enterprise
All actively push forward the research and construction of intelligent grid, to accelerate the supply of its electric power energy and information fusion, realize power network and use
The two-way interaction at family.
2009, power optical fiber to family key technology obtained important breakthrough, and first is used for the light of commercial operation in the world
Fine composite low-voltage cable is succeeded in developing, and it integrates optical cable, electric power transmission cable, supports a variety of transmission technologys.As one just
The new things just succeeded in developing, stability, the tolerance of optical fiber composite low-voltage cable is also to be tested.Therefore, there is public affairs in the industry
A kind of " intelligent grid power optical fiber to family system testing " platform has been built by department, builds up power optical fiber to family technology experiment room, opens
Open up the networking mode of optical fiber composite cable, the EPON optical transmission device performance based on ether net mode and " integration of three networks "
The laboratory simulations such as service application are tested.By test, using optical fiber composite low-voltage cable and based on the passive of ether net mode
The power optical fiber of optical-fiber network technology has realized remote power utilization information acquisition function and carrying " three nets based on optical fiber to family system
Fusion " function, shows good stability.
But, it can realize that running status quick, real-time, accurately to power network is entered there is presently no special equipment
Row on-line monitoring.
The content of the invention
The application provides a kind of optical fiber Intelligent terminal for Internet of things, with solve prior art can not realize it is quick, real-time, high-precision
The problem of degree ground carries out on-line monitoring to the running status of power network.
The embodiment of the present application provides a kind of optical fiber Intelligent terminal for Internet of things, including：
Central control unit, signal gathering unit, communications unit and action control unit；
The central control unit includes metering micro-control unit and control micro-control unit, the central control unit
Communicated between the control micro-control unit by Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter, the metering micro-control unit and institute
State signal gathering unit connection, it is described control micro-control unit respectively with the communications unit and the action control list
Member connection.
Optionally, the signal gathering unit includes voltage-current sensor, conditioning amplifying circuit and AD sampling A/D chips,
The voltage-current sensor is connected with the conditioning amplifying circuit, and the conditioning amplifying circuit connects with the AD sampling A/D chips
Connect, the AD sampling A/D chips are connected with the metering micro-control unit.
Optionally, the precision of the voltage-current sensor is 1%.
Optionally, the AD sampling A/D chips are 16 bit AD sample chips.
Optionally, the communications unit includes PHY chip and fiber interface, and the PHY chip and the control are micro-
Control unit is connected, and the fiber interface is connected with the PHY chip, and industrial ethernet switch connects with the fiber interface
Connect.
Optionally, the control micro-control unit realizes that Ethernet data is efficient by transplanting light weight ICP/IP protocol LWIP
Quick transmitting-receiving.
Optionally, the action control unit is made up of relay and I/O interfaces.
A kind of optical fiber Intelligent terminal for Internet of things provided from above technical scheme, the embodiment of the present application, including：Center
Control unit, signal gathering unit, communications unit and action control unit；Central control unit includes metering microcontroller
Unit and control micro-control unit, Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter is passed through between central control unit and control micro-control unit
Communicated, metering micro-control unit be connected with signal gathering unit, control micro-control unit respectively with communications unit with
And action control unit connection；The optical fiber Intelligent terminal for Internet of things of the embodiment of the present application, can be realized quick, real-time, high-precision
Ground carries out on-line monitoring to the running status of power network, realizes the precise acquisition to power network electric signal, smart from sampled data
Monitoring point running state information is really quickly obtained, realizes that Monitoring Data is reliably transmitted into real time by Fibre Optical Communication Technology
Decision package is entreated, the requirement that following power network is controlled real-time is disclosure satisfy that, possesses wide application prospect, should while also possessing
Use the potentiality of active distribution network system monitoring of the other types comprising distributed power generation and data acquisition.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly of the technical scheme of the application, letter will be made to the required accompanying drawing used in embodiment below
Singly introduce, it should be apparent that, for those of ordinary skills, without having to pay creative labor,
Other accompanying drawings can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
A kind of structure chart for optical fiber Intelligent terminal for Internet of things that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present application.
A kind of structure chart of the signal gathering unit for optical fiber Intelligent terminal for Internet of things that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present application.
A kind of structure chart of the communications unit for optical fiber Intelligent terminal for Internet of things that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present application.
Three-phase voltage vector phase figure under the dq rotating coordinate systems that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 5 realizes former block diagram for the three-phase phase-locked loop that the embodiment of the present application is provided.
The three-phase phase-locked loop system control block figure that Fig. 6 provides for the embodiment of the present application.
The phase-locked loop systems Bode diagram that Fig. 7 provides for the embodiment of the present application.
Phase Tracking of the phaselocked loop when phase and frequency is mutated after the optimization that Fig. 8 provides for the embodiment of the present application
Energy.
Frequency and phase position measurement of the phaselocked loop in three-phase imbalance after the optimization that Fig. 9 provides for the embodiment of the present application
Energy.
Obtained interconnection active change curve is monitored during the active isolated network that Figure 10 provides for the embodiment of the present application.
Obtained interconnection idle change curve is monitored during the active isolated network that Figure 11 provides for the embodiment of the present application.
Figure 12 monitors obtained mains frequency change curve for the active that the embodiment of the present application is provided when grid-connected.
Figure 13 monitors obtained grid voltage change curve for the active that the embodiment of the present application is provided when grid-connected.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, the embodiment of the present application provides a kind of optical fiber Intelligent terminal for Internet of things, including：Central control unit 1,
Signal gathering unit 2, communications unit 3 and action control unit 4.
Wherein, central control unit 1 completes module management and data processing task as system control and arithmetic core.
The central control unit 1 include metering micro-control unit 11 and control micro-control unit 12, the central control unit 1 with
Communicated between the control micro-control unit 12 by Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (USART), the metering microcontroller
Unit 11 is connected with the signal gathering unit 2, it is described control micro-control unit 12 respectively with the communications unit 3 and
The action control unit 4 is connected.
Communications unit 3 and action control unit 4 have higher requirements to response speed, but are not typically related to complicated number
According to computing, low is consumed to processor resource；And the sampled data that signal gathering unit 2 is gathered need to be run by complex calculation
State parameter, consumes a large amount of processor resources.Based on considerations above, central control unit 1 is using double micro-control unit (English：
Microcontroller Unit, abbreviation：MCU) structure design, wherein metering micro-control unit 11 is responsible for specially at sampled data
Reason and electricity are calculated, and control micro-control unit 12 is responsible for carrying out integrated management, two MCU to metering MCU and other functional units
Between by high speed USART mouthfuls communicated, the program can meet data transfer and the real-time of action control simultaneously, can be fast
Speed, accurately obtain Electric energy measurement.
As shown in Fig. 2 the signal gathering unit 2 includes voltage-current sensor 21, conditioning amplifying circuit 22 and AD
Sampling A/D chip 23, the voltage-current sensor 21 with it is described conditioning amplifying circuit 22 be connected, it is described conditioning amplifying circuit 22 with
The AD sampling A/D chips 23 are connected, and the AD sampling A/D chips 23 are connected with the metering micro-control unit 11.
Signal gathering unit 2 completes the sampling to monitoring point electric signal, considers sampling precision and response during design simultaneously
The raising of speed, realizes forceful electric power to the conversion of weak electric signal, in this reality using low time delay, high-precision voltage-current sensor 21
Apply in example, the precision of the voltage-current sensor 21 is 1%.The data that voltage-current sensor 21 is gathered are amplified by conditioning
After circuit 22 is acted on, realized and simultaneously and rapidly sampled by 16 high-precision AD sampling A/D chips 23, the metering micro-control unit 11 leads to
Cross parallel port and read sampled result.
As shown in figure 3, the communications unit 3 include PHY chip 31 and fiber interface 32, the PHY chip 31 with
The control micro-control unit 12 is connected, and the fiber interface 32 is connected with the PHY chip 31, industrial ethernet switch 33
It is connected with the fiber interface 32.
Communications unit 3 is realized quickly is uploaded to decision package by monitoring three-point state information, due to power network decision package
Power generation site is generally off-site from, for the real-time for the Monitoring Data for meeting its acquisition, the high speed of data is realized using fiber optic Ethernet
Transmitting.The features such as fiber optic Ethernet possesses high efficiency, high security and long transmission range, can solve remote prison
The problem of surveying result real-time Transmission.The characteristic of its " plug and play " disclosure satisfy that power network is real to arbitrary node at any time simultaneously
Apply the requirement of monitoring.The control micro-control unit 12 realizes that Ethernet data is efficient by transplanting light weight ICP/IP protocol LWIP
Quick transmitting-receiving.
The action control unit 4 is made up of the relay and I/O interfaces of quick response, can aid decision unit it is long-range
Power equipment is controlled, the functions such as trouble unit excision, equipment operating mode selection, static switch control are realized.
By signal gathering unit 2 obtain sampled data after, it is necessary to metering micro-control unit 11 in realize electric energy metrical,
The quick operational factor for obtaining monitoring point, generally comprises voltage x current modulus value, active and reactive power, electric voltage frequency and phase letter
Breath etc..Wherein the acquisition of voltage signal frequency and phase is to the break-make of power network internal power device is controlled, isolated island is cut to grid-connect mode
The realization of process such as changing has vital effect, while benchmark can also be provided for the calculating of other electrical energy parameters.
The method that traditional zero passage detection obtains frequency plot is realized simply, but due to only existing two in a power frequency period
Zero crossing, bad dynamic performance, while arithmetic accuracy is also easily disturbed by harmonic wave, direct current offset.The application uses three-phase phase-locked loop
Method, the frequency plot realized under disturbed condition is accurately measured, and not right in three-phase to algorithm by positive-negative sequence separation method
Performance in the case of title is optimized.As benchmark, calculating obtains other required electrical energy parameters.The application is also directed to algorithm
Software on the microprocessor, which is realized, to have carried out performing the optimization processing in speed.
Three-phase phase-locked loop comprehensively utilizes three-phase voltage phase information, and voltage resultant vector us is entered under dq rotating coordinate systems
Row resolution of vectors, as shown in figure 4, in the case of us amplitudes are constant, q shaft voltage component sizes reflect rotating coordinate system and synthesis
Phase relation between vector us.Work as usq<D axles are ahead of us when 0, work as usq>D axles delayed us when 0, d axles and us in usq=0
Realize Phase synchronization.Therefore three-phase phase-locked loop is 0 by control voltage vector q axis components usq, it is possible to achieve input voltage is believed
Number phase and frequency tracking.
Three-phase phase-locked loop implement process as shown in figure 5, by the closed loop with PI controllers realize under stable state usq without
Difference tracking set-point 0.PI controllers are output as frequency error Δ ω, and reality is obtained by integral element after being added with theoretic frequency
Border three-phase voltage phase information.
In order to which the performance to three-phase phase-locked loop is analyzed, Fig. 5 is converted into the system control block figure shown in Fig. 6.To three
Phase voltage carries out standardization processing, and sampling time delay link is approximate with first order inertial loop.
The closed loop transfer function, that system can be obtained is：
Actual samples frequency is 6400Hz, and optimizing the selection of PI parameters according to control theory obtains kp=200, ki=60, is
Bode diagram of uniting is as shown in Figure 7.Three-phase phase-locked loop system is stable as can be seen from Figure 7, and with low-pass characteristic, it is dry to high-frequency harmonic
Disturb with good inhibiting effect.But in the case of three-phase voltage asymmetry, fundamental wave negative sequence component is under dq coordinate systems with-ω frequencies
Rate is reversely rotated, and phaselocked loop is contained 2 subharmonic.Said system does not have good inhibition to the frequency interferences, if increased
Plus low pass filter, then it can influence the dynamic property and stability of system.Eliminated just using based on time delayed signal herein for this
Negative phase-sequence separation method is optimized to three-phase phase-locked loop.
According to Fig. 4 phase diagram, when there is negative sequence component, voltage resultant vector is represented by under rest frame：
In formula,Respectively positive-negative sequence component amplitude,Phase angle is originated for negative sequence component.According to such as following formula (3)
Trigonometric function half-wave character, with reference to UαβAnd U (t)αβ(t-T/4) expression formula is to obtain formula (4), so as to realize positive-sequence component
Peeled off from input voltage signal.
0.5(ejωt+jej(ωt-T/4))=ejωt (3)
Phaselocked loop after being optimized using this method is realized simple and uneven with good harmonic responses and anti-three-phase
Weighing apparatus ability, is provided simultaneously with rapid response speed.
Occurs the mutation of pi/2 in t=1s moment input voltage phase, input voltage frequency is mutated from 50Hz during t=1.15s
To 55Hz, the optimization phase-lock-loop algorithm used as can be seen from Figure 8 have in frequency and SPA sudden phase anomalies quick tracking velocity and
High measurement accuracy.
At the t=1s moment, C phase voltages are fallen, and three-phase imbalance situation are produced, as can be seen from Figure 9 through positive-negative sequence
Phaselocked loop after partition method optimization remains able to the accurate phase and frequency for obtaining input voltage signal.
After three-phase phase-locked loop realizes Phase Tracking, it can be calculated according to formula (5) and obtain fundamental voltage, electric current modulus value and monitoring
The active and reactive power that point flows through：
P=Ud*Id+Uq*Iq
Q=Uq*Id-Ud*Iq (5)
Above-mentioned electrical energy parameter Computing Principle is realized in metering MCU by software.Implementation process needs to take into full account calculation
The real-time of method, is optimized to algorithm execution time.It is main to be carried out from following several respects：
Because phaselocked loop needs substantial amounts of trigonometric function operation, the execution cycle is long, coordinates intermediate value to insert using look-up table for this
Enter method quickly to obtain trigonometric function operation result.Program construction 0-90 degree table of natural sines, is first converted when calculating trigonometric function
It is interval to 0-90 degree table, table look-up and find position in the corresponding table of angle, last calculate is completed using intermediate value insertion.
Realized, and optimized in iterative initial value selection using Newton-Raphson method for extracting operation, make initial value
Accurate solution is approached, so as to greatly speed up the iterative process of algorithm, exact computation results are quickly obtained.
After the realization of intelligent terminal software and hardware is completed, its electrical energy parameter is obtained using the specialty correction experimental bench of Holley's ammeter
Error in dipping：Frequency error measurement is 0.1 ‰, and voltage, electric current modulus value measurement error are within 0.2%, and power measurement error exists
Within 0.5%.The delay that Monitoring Data is transmitted by optical fiber is maintained within 0.2ms.
Intelligent terminal is used for " many renewable energy power generation and interconnection technology research/development platforms ", substitution tradition EMS carries out electricity
The switching experiment of net isolated island grid-connect mode.Intelligent terminal monitoring PCC points both sides state, and it is grid-connected to control PCC points static switch to complete
And off-network handover operation.
Active isolated network tests decision package according to intelligent terminal Real-time Monitoring Data, is zero by dominant eigenvalues control, it
Control intelligent terminal relay action unit disconnects PCC points switch afterwards.Figure 10 and Figure 11 are contact during active isolated network respectively
Line active reactive change curve.As can be seen that whole process can be completed within the several seconds, the small, control accuracy of impact is produced high.Actively
Voltage instruction is first changed into tracking major network voltage by power network from 220V in grid-connected experiment, and frequency is adjusted to 50.1Hz, the subsequent start-up same period
Instruction.According to intelligent terminal Monitoring Data, when power network and major network voltage realize synchronous, intelligent terminal actuating of relay list is controlled
Member closure PCC point switches, are realized and net operation.Figure 12 and Figure 13 be respectively it is grid-connected during mains frequency and voltage change it is bent
Line, it can be seen that acted on by the monitoring and control of intelligent terminal, can realize the rapid combination operation of power network.
Above-described the application embodiment does not constitute the restriction to the application protection domain.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of optical fiber Intelligent terminal for Internet of things, it is characterised in that including：
Central control unit (1), signal gathering unit (2), communications unit (3) and action control unit (4)；
The central control unit (1) includes metering micro-control unit (11) and control micro-control unit (12), the center
Communicated between control unit (1) and the control micro-control unit (12) by Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter, the meter
Amount micro-control unit (11) is connected with the signal gathering unit (2), and the control micro-control unit (12) is led to described respectively
Believe transmission unit (3) and the action control unit (4) connection.
2. a kind of optical fiber Intelligent terminal for Internet of things as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the signal gathering unit (2)
Including voltage-current sensor (21), conditioning amplifying circuit (22) and AD sampling A/D chips (23), the voltage-current sensor
(21) it is connected with the conditioning amplifying circuit (22), the conditioning amplifying circuit (22) is connected with the AD sampling A/D chips (23),
The AD sampling A/D chips (23) are connected with the metering micro-control unit (11).
3. a kind of optical fiber Intelligent terminal for Internet of things as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the voltage-current sensor
(21) precision is 1%.
4. a kind of optical fiber Intelligent terminal for Internet of things as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the AD sampling A/D chips (23) are
16 bit AD sample chips.
5. a kind of optical fiber Intelligent terminal for Internet of things as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the communications unit (3)
Including PHY chip (31) and fiber interface (32), the PHY chip (31) is connected with the control micro-control unit (12), institute
State fiber interface (32) to be connected with the PHY chip (31), industrial ethernet switch (33) connects with the fiber interface (32)
Connect.
6. a kind of optical fiber Intelligent terminal for Internet of things as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the control micro-control unit
(12) realize that Ethernet data is efficiently quickly received and dispatched by transplanting light weight ICP/IP protocol LWIP.
7. a kind of optical fiber Intelligent terminal for Internet of things as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the action control unit (4)
It is made up of relay and I/O interfaces.
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| CN101951027A (en) * | 2010-09-01 | 2011-01-19 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Uniform data acquisition and monitoring system of low-medium voltage power distribution network |
| CN103825944A (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2014-05-28 | 黄河科技学院 | Transformer substation safety management system based on Internet of things |
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Application publication date: 20170919 |