CN107176833A - 一种耐高温电工陶瓷及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种耐高温电工陶瓷及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107176833A
CN107176833A CN201710536130.0A CN201710536130A CN107176833A CN 107176833 A CN107176833 A CN 107176833A CN 201710536130 A CN201710536130 A CN 201710536130A CN 107176833 A CN107176833 A CN 107176833A
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徐仙峰
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Hefei Jun Choose Electrical Equipment Co
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种耐高温电工陶瓷及其制备方法，涉及电工陶瓷制造领域，该电工陶瓷包括以下原料：二氧化钛、硅酸锆、氧化钙、氧化钨、氮化钬、氧化铌锶钡、3‑羟基‑3‑甲基‑2‑丁酮、酒石酸锑钾、氧化铈、碳化硅、锡酸钙、钛酸镁和改性硅藻粉。其制备方法是先将原料制成粉料；再加水拌混匀得高流动性浆料；随后将浆料注入模具中固化后脱模干燥得素坯；最后通过对素坯进行加热、烧结等处理即可。该种电工陶瓷耐高温耐腐蚀、具有良好的力学性能，抗压抗折强度高，使用寿命长，应用领域广，制备简单，具有广阔的市场前景。

Description

一种耐高温电工陶瓷及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及电工陶瓷制造领域，具体涉及一种耐高温电工陶瓷及其制备方法。
背景技术
电工陶瓷材料主要是指的一类具有电磁等功能的陶瓷，它的介电性能和导电性能调节范围较宽，是特种陶瓷材料中最具活力的材料之一，被人们广为关注。它可以应用在电子、通讯、自动控制、信息计算机、汽车、航空等众多领域当中，具有显著的社会效益和经济效益。当前电子信息的发展越来越迅速，对电子元器件的要求也越来越高，微型化、薄膜化、多功能等成为未来发展的方向，而目前电子陶瓷材料存在耐高温性能差、力学强度低、成本高、制备流程繁琐等缺点，无法满足市场及实际生产过程中的要求。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的问题，本发明提供了一种耐高温电工陶瓷及其制备方法，该种电工陶瓷耐高温耐腐蚀、具有良好的力学性能，抗压抗折强度高，使用寿命长，应用领域广，制备简单，具有广阔的市场前景。
为了达到上述目的，本发明通过以下技术方案来实现的：
一种耐高温电工陶瓷，包括以下按重量份计的原料：二氧化钛30-50份、硅酸锆10-20份、氧化钙8-12份、氧化钨4-8份、氮化钬1-5份、氧化铌锶钡1-3份、3-羟基-3-甲基-2-丁酮6-10份、酒石酸锑钾8-12份、氧化铈3-7份、碳化硅5-15份、锡酸钙2-6份、钛酸镁3-5份、改性硅藻粉15-25份；
所述改性硅藻粉由以下成分制得：硅藻土40份、8-12％氢氧化钠溶液20份、松香粉5份、羧甲基纤维素3份；其制备方法是先将所述硅藻土放入体积浓度为8-12％氢氧化钠溶液浸泡2-4h后，再调节PH至中性；之后取出上述处理后的硅藻土，在42-48℃温度下烘干至含水量3-5％，随后加入松香粉混合均匀；最后加入羧甲基纤维素混合均匀，将物料研磨成8.0-10.0μm粉末，即得。
进一步地，所述电工陶瓷包括以下按重量份计的原料：二氧化钛40份、硅酸锆15份、氧化钙10份、氧化钨6份、氮化钬3份、氧化铌锶钡2份、3-羟基-3-甲基-2-丁酮8份、酒石酸锑钾10份、氧化铈5份、碳化硅10份、锡酸钙4份、钛酸镁4份、改性硅藻粉20份。
一种耐高温电工陶瓷的制备方法，按照以下步骤进行:
(1)按重量份配比称取原料,将所有原料混合制成粉料；
(2)在所述粉料中加入其重量15-25％的去离子水，搅拌混匀得高流动性浆料；
(3)将浆料注入模具中，随后将模具放置于空气干燥箱中固化处理，固化后脱模得到湿坯，将湿坯置于真空干燥箱中进行干燥以得到素坯；
(4)将素坯在流通空气炉中进行加热处理，之后随空气炉冷却至室温；
(5)将经步骤(4)处理后的素坯置于烧结炉中进行烧结处理，最后空冷至室温即可。
进一步地，在步骤(1)中，所述原料是通过球磨机研磨至粒径≤1mm，得粉料。
进一步地，在步骤(2)中，所述高流动性浆料的粘度为65-75mPa·s。
进一步地，在步骤(3)中，所述固化处理是以20-30℃/min升温速度直到加热至360-420℃，再保温40-50min。
进一步地，在步骤(4)中，所述加热处理是先将炉温升至180℃～240℃，保温20-30min，再次升温至380℃～460℃，保温30-40min。
进一步地，在步骤(5)中，所述烧结处理是先将炉温升至580℃～720℃，保温25-35min，再升温至740℃～980℃，保温40-60min。
本发明具有如下的有益效果：
(1)本发明的电工陶瓷制备简单方便，生产工艺流程安全、易行、可靠，其加工原料来源广泛，生产成本低廉，适宜大规模批量生产；
(2)本发明的电工陶瓷成品材料通过将氧化铌锶钡、改性硅藻粉和酒石酸锑钾等原材料的加入，并将它们混料，球磨、制浆、固化、热处理、烧结成型等操作从而获得，该种电子陶瓷材具备较好的温度稳定性能，耐高温、耐腐蚀，其抗压强度和抗拉强度高使用寿命长久，应用领域广泛，具有广阔的市场前景；
(3)本发明的电工陶瓷材料的绝缘电阻大、电容温度变化率小、断裂伸长率高，具体的其绝缘电阻为1.3-1.5×1010Ωcm，电容温度变化率为4-6ppm/℃，断裂伸长率为155-165％。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步描述，以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案，而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
一种耐高温电工陶瓷，称取以下原料：二氧化钛30kg、硅酸锆10kg、氧化钙8kg、氧化钨4kg、氮化钬1kg、氧化铌锶钡1kg、3-羟基-3-甲基-2-丁酮6kg、酒石酸锑钾8kg、氧化铈3kg、碳化硅5kg、锡酸钙2kg、钛酸镁3kg、改性硅藻粉15kg；
上述的改性硅藻粉由以下成分制得：硅藻土40kg、8％氢氧化钠溶液20kg、松香粉5kg、羧甲基纤维素3kg；其制备方法是先将所述硅藻土放入体积浓度为8％氢氧化钠溶液浸泡2h后，再调节PH至中性；之后取出上述处理后的硅藻土，在42℃温度下烘干至含水量3％，随后加入松香粉混合均匀；最后加入羧甲基纤维素混合均匀，将物料研磨成8.0μm粉末，即制得本发明所需的改性硅藻粉。
上述的一种耐高温电工陶瓷的制备方法，按照以下步骤进行:
(1)先将上述的所有原料混合通过球磨机研磨至粒径≤1mm，得粉料；
(2)再向所述粉料中加入其重量15％的去离子水，搅拌混匀得粘度为65mPa·s的高流动性浆料；
(3)之后将浆料注入模具中，随后将模具放置于空气干燥箱中固化处理，所述固化处理是以20℃/min升温速度直到加热至360℃，再保温40min，固化后脱模得到湿坯，将湿坯置于真空干燥箱中进行干燥以得到素坯；
(4)接着将素坯在流通空气炉中进行加热处理，所述加热处理是先将炉温升至180℃，保温20min，再次升温至380℃，保温30min，之后随空气炉冷却至室温；
(5)然后将经步骤(4)处理后的素坯置于烧结炉中进行烧结处理，所述烧结处理是先将炉温升至580℃，保温25min，再升温至740℃，保温40min，最后空冷至室温即制得本发明的耐高温电工陶瓷。
实施例2
一种耐高温电工陶瓷，称取以下原料：二氧化钛40kg、硅酸锆15kg、氧化钙10kg、氧化钨6kg、氮化钬3kg、氧化铌锶钡2kg、3-羟基-3-甲基-2-丁酮8kg、酒石酸锑钾10kg、氧化铈5kg、碳化硅10kg、锡酸钙4kg、钛酸镁4kg、改性硅藻粉20kg；
上述的改性硅藻粉由以下成分制得：硅藻土40kg、10％氢氧化钠溶液20kg、松香粉5kg、羧甲基纤维素3kg；其制备方法是先将所述硅藻土放入体积浓度为10％氢氧化钠溶液浸泡3h后，再调节PH至中性；之后取出上述处理后的硅藻土，在45℃温度下烘干至含水量4％，随后加入松香粉混合均匀；最后加入羧甲基纤维素混合均匀，将物料研磨成9.0μm粉末，即制得本发明所需的改性硅藻粉。
上述的一种耐高温电工陶瓷的制备方法，按照以下步骤进行:
(1)先将上述的所有原料混合通过球磨机研磨至粒径≤1mm，得粉料；
(2)再向所述粉料中加入其重量20％的去离子水，搅拌混匀得粘度为70mPa·s的高流动性浆料；
(3)之后将浆料注入模具中，随后将模具放置于空气干燥箱中固化处理，所述固化处理是以25℃/min升温速度直到加热至390℃，再保温45min，固化后脱模得到湿坯，将湿坯置于真空干燥箱中进行干燥以得到素坯；
(4)接着将素坯在流通空气炉中进行加热处理，所述加热处理是先将炉温升至210℃，保温25min，再次升温至420℃，保温35min，之后随空气炉冷却至室温；
(5)然后将经步骤(4)处理后的素坯置于烧结炉中进行烧结处理，所述烧结处理是先将炉温升至650℃，保温30min，再升温至860℃，保温50min，最后空冷至室温即制得本发明的耐高温电工陶瓷。
实施例3
一种耐高温电工陶瓷，称取以下原料：二氧化钛50kg、硅酸锆20kg、氧化钙12kg、氧化钨8kg、氮化钬5kg、氧化铌锶钡3kg、3-羟基-3-甲基-2-丁酮10kg、酒石酸锑钾12kg、氧化铈7kg、碳化硅15kg、锡酸钙6kg、钛酸镁5kg、改性硅藻粉25kg；
上述的改性硅藻粉由以下成分制得：硅藻土40kg、12％氢氧化钠溶液20kg、松香粉5kg、羧甲基纤维素3kg；其制备方法是先将所述硅藻土放入体积浓度为12％氢氧化钠溶液浸泡4h后，再调节PH至中性；之后取出上述处理后的硅藻土，在48℃温度下烘干至含水量5％，随后加入松香粉混合均匀；最后加入羧甲基纤维素混合均匀，将物料研磨成10.0μm粉末，即制得本发明所需的改性硅藻粉。
上述的一种耐高温电工陶瓷的制备方法，按照以下步骤进行:
(1)先将上述的所有原料混合通过球磨机研磨至粒径≤1mm，得粉料；
(2)再向所述粉料中加入其重量25％的去离子水，搅拌混匀得粘度为75mPa·s的高流动性浆料；
(3)之后将浆料注入模具中，随后将模具放置于空气干燥箱中固化处理，所述固化处理是以30℃/min升温速度直到加热至420℃，再保温50min，固化后脱模得到湿坯，将湿坯置于真空干燥箱中进行干燥以得到素坯；
(4)接着将素坯在流通空气炉中进行加热处理，所述加热处理是先将炉温升至240℃，保温30min，再次升温至460℃，保温40min，之后随空气炉冷却至室温；
(5)然后将经步骤(4)处理后的素坯置于烧结炉中进行烧结处理，所述烧结处理是先将炉温升至720℃，保温35min，再升温至980℃，保温60min，最后空冷至室温即制得本发明的耐高温电工陶瓷。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

1.一种耐高温电工陶瓷，其特征在于，包括以下按重量份计的原料：二氧化钛30-50份、硅酸锆10-20份、氧化钙8-12份、氧化钨4-8份、氮化钬1-5份、氧化铌锶钡1-3份、3-羟基-3-甲基-2-丁酮6-10份、酒石酸锑钾8-12份、氧化铈3-7份、碳化硅5-15份、锡酸钙2-6份、钛酸镁3-5份、改性硅藻粉15-25份；
所述改性硅藻粉由以下成分制得：硅藻土40份、8-12％氢氧化钠溶液20份、松香粉5份、羧甲基纤维素3份；其制备方法是先将所述硅藻土放入体积浓度为8-12％氢氧化钠溶液浸泡2-4h后，再调节PH至中性；之后取出上述处理后的硅藻土，在42-48℃温度下烘干至含水量3-5％，随后加入松香粉混合均匀；最后加入羧甲基纤维素混合均匀，将物料研磨成8.0-10.0μm粉末，即得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐高温电工陶瓷，其特征在于，包括以下按重量份计的原料：二氧化钛40份、硅酸锆15份、氧化钙10份、氧化钨6份、氮化钬3份、氧化铌锶钡2份、3-羟基-3-甲基-2-丁酮8份、酒石酸锑钾10份、氧化铈5份、碳化硅10份、锡酸钙4份、钛酸镁4份、改性硅藻粉20份。
3.一种如权利要求1-2任意一项所述的耐高温电工陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤:
(1)按重量份配比称取原料,将所有原料混合制成粉料；
(2)在所述粉料中加入其重量15-25％的去离子水，搅拌混匀得高流动性浆料；
(3)将浆料注入模具中，随后将模具放置于空气干燥箱中固化处理，固化后脱模得到湿坯，将湿坯置于真空干燥箱中进行干燥以得到素坯；
(4)将素坯在流通空气炉中进行加热处理，之后随空气炉冷却至室温；
(5)将经步骤(4)处理后的素坯置于烧结炉中进行烧结处理，最后空冷至室温即可。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种耐高温电工陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于，在步骤(1)中，所述原料是通过球磨机研磨至粒径≤1mm，得粉料。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种耐高温电工陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于，在步骤(2)中，所述高流动性浆料的粘度为65-75mPa·s。
6.根据权利要求3所述的一种耐高温电工陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于，在步骤(3)中，所述固化处理是以20-30℃/min升温速度直到加热至360-420℃，再保温40-50min。
7.根据权利要求3所述的一种耐高温电工陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于，在步骤(4)中，所述加热处理是先将炉温升至180℃～240℃，保温20-30min，再次升温至380℃～460℃，保温30-40min。
8.根据权利要求3所述的一种耐高温电工陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于，在步骤(5)中，所述烧结处理是先将炉温升至580℃～720℃，保温25-35min，再升温至740℃～980℃，保温40-60min。
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