CN107174361A - Guide plate of stretching alveolar bone skeletonization and preparation method thereof and application method - Google Patents

Abstract

The guide plate and its manufacture method and application method for a kind of stretching alveolar bone skeletonization that the present invention is provided, including bite plate, location-plate and guide plate body, the U-shaped setting of bite plate being engaged for people, and bite plate is stretched into the oral area of people by opening side, the bottom of bite plate is connected by location-plate with the middle part of guide plate body, guide plate body integrally it is curved setting and guide plate body fitted with the alveolar bone of people, two exhausting holes of laterally setting are provided with guide plate body, osteotomy line is provided between two exhausting holes, stretching alveolar bone skeletonization can be accurately oriented in high precision, being particularly suitable for use in need to be while increases the case of alveolar bone thickness and height, important anatomical structure can be avoided, improve the security of operation, guide the completion operation of the smooth safety of doctor, improve operation precision efficiency, alleviate the burden of doctor and patient, in addition, above-mentioned guide plate structure is simple, it is easy to make, using convenient, used suitable for large-scale promotion.

Description

Guide plate for distracting alveolar bone osteogenesis, manufacturing method and using method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to the field of auxiliary medical devices, in particular to a guide plate for distracting alveolar bone osteogenesis, a manufacturing method and a using method thereof.

Background technique

Dental implant technology has been developed for decades, and its indications are becoming more and more extensive. In particular, the application of alveolar bone distraction osteogenesis technology in the implant field has solved the problem of implant loosening caused by insufficient bone around the implant. Distraction osteogenesis refers to the use of a distraction device at a certain speed and frequency at the bone suture or at the bone segment of the osteotomy to form new bone in the resulting bone gap, thereby achieving bone elongation or widening the goal of. This new bone is the basis for supporting the implant. At present, the direction of bone distraction is determined by the direction of the rod of the distraction device. In traditional distraction osteogenesis surgery, doctors rely on experience to place the distraction rod. The direction of bone formation and the final effect cannot be accurately predicted. , especially in those cases where the height and thickness of the alveolar bone need to be increased at the same time, it is extremely difficult to accurately place the position of the stretcher rod during the operation, resulting in an unsatisfactory direction of the final alveolar bone increase.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above technical problems, a guide plate for distracting alveolar bone osteogenesis and its manufacturing method and use method are provided. During the use process, it is necessary to set the position of the osteotomy line and cut the bone according to the operation plan. The final position after the growth of the bone block, take any point on the final position of the bone block to be cut, and connect the original position of this point on the cut bone block with the final position of the cut bone block after growth to form a line segment, This line segment is the direction of distraction osteogenesis. Prebend the distractor in the 3D model making software. Determine the positions of multiple through holes on the guide plate body according to the positions of the nail holes after prebending the distractor. According to the osteotomy line The position of the osteotomy line on the guide plate is designed and marked. With this structure, the alveolar bone can be distracted with high precision and orientation, especially for cases where the thickness and height of the alveolar bone need to be increased at the same time. At the same time, it can avoid the important The anatomical structure improves the safety of the operation, guides the doctor to complete the operation smoothly and safely, improves the accuracy and efficiency of the operation, and reduces the burden on the doctor and the patient. In addition, the above-mentioned guide plate has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, and is convenient to apply, which is suitable for large-scale promotion and use. , and enable less experienced doctors to quickly familiarize themselves with surgical operations while ensuring the accuracy and success rate of surgery.

A guide plate for stretching alveolar bone osteogenesis provided by the present invention includes an occlusal plate, a positioning plate and a guide plate body, the occlusal plate for human occlusion is arranged in a U-shape, and the occlusal plate extends from one side of the opening The mouth of a person, the bottom of the occlusal plate is connected to the middle part of the guide plate body through the positioning plate, the guide plate body is arranged in an arc shape as a whole and the guide plate body fits the human alveolar bone, the Two rows of through holes arranged transversely are arranged on the guide plate body, and an osteotomy line is arranged between the two rows of said through holes.

Further, the lower surface of the bite plate is provided with a lower groove matching the surface of the lower row of teeth of a person.

Further, the upper surface of the bite plate is provided with an upper groove matching the surface of the upper teeth of a person.

Further, the depth range of the upper groove and the lower groove is 1mm-4mm.

Further, the positioning plate and the occlusal plate are set at an included angle, and the included angle is 80°-100°.

Further, the positioning plate includes two parallel fixed rods and a fixed plate arranged between the two fixed rods and fixedly connected with the two fixed rods at the same time, the fixed plate is connected to the two fixed rods The fixed rod is integrally formed.

Further, the upper part of the positioning plate is fixedly connected to the bite plate through a fixing sleeve, and the lower part of the positioning plate is fixedly connected to the guide plate through a fixing block.

Further, the thickness range of the guide plate body is 2-3 mm.

The present invention also provides a method for making a guide plate for distracting alveolar bone osteogenesis, the steps are as follows:

a. Perform a spiral CT scan on the patient's maxillofacial region, use 3D image generation and editing processing software to perform three-dimensional reconstruction on the spiral CT scanning results of the patient's maxillofacial region, and obtain the reconstructed three-dimensional model;

b. Mark the position of the inferior alveolar canal in the three-dimensional model;

c. Use 3D model making software to make a fixed occlusal plate in the 3D model, and complete the production of the occlusal plate;

d. Draw the outline of the guide plate body on the jawbone to generate a 2-3mm thick guide plate body. Determine the position of the osteotomy line and the final position after the growth of the cut bone block according to the surgical plan, and choose the final position of the bone block to be cut. Connect the original position of this point on the incised bone block with this point on the final position of the incised bone block to form a line segment. This line segment is the direction of traction osteogenesis, which is carried out in the 3D model making software. For the pre-bending of the distractor, determine the positions of multiple through holes on the guide plate body according to the positions of the nail holes after pre-bending the distractor, mark the position of the osteotomy line on the guide plate according to the design of the osteotomy line, and place the occlusal plate and the guide plate body Through the fixed connection of the positioning plate, the guide plate used for the precise orientation of the alveolar bone osteogenesis in the early stage of implant surgery is obtained;

e. Using 3D printing materials, the designed guide plate is made into a solid body by 3D printing rapid prototyping method.

The present invention also provides a method for using a guide plate for distracting alveolar bone formation, the steps of which are as follows:

a. After the guide plate is sterilized, it is ready for use;

b. Under general anesthesia, make a vestibular groove incision on the patient's jaw, cut to the bone surface, peel off the muscle and soft tissue on the bone surface, fix the guide plate on the dentition through the occlusal plate on the guide plate, and make the guide plate body stick to the jaw bone combine;

c. Use a split drill to drill nail holes sequentially according to the positions of multiple through holes on the guide plate body, and use a reciprocating saw to cut the jaw bone in a box shape according to the osteotomy line on the guide plate body;

d. Position and install the pre-bent distractor according to the position of the nail holes on the jaws on both sides of the osteotomy line, and fix it with titanium nails to determine the direction of distraction osteogenesis;

e. Grind and level the bone wound with a ball drill, place a negative pressure drainage tube after sufficient hemostasis, suture the muscles and mucous membranes in layers, pressurize the surgical area, and complete the installation of the guide plate.

In summary, compared with the prior art, the guide plate for distracting alveolar bone osteogenesis provided by the present invention and its manufacturing method and use method have the beneficial effect that in the process of use, it is necessary to follow the surgical plan , set the position of the osteotomy line and the final position of the cut bone block after growth, take any point on the final position of the cut bone block, and compare the original position of the cut bone block with the growth of the cut bone block This point on the final position of the stretcher is connected to form a line segment, which is the direction of distraction osteogenesis. The distractor is pre-bent in the 3D model making software, and the position of the nail hole on the guide plate body is determined according to the position of the nail hole after the stretcher is pre-bent. The position of multiple through holes, according to the design of the osteotomy line, marks the position of the osteotomy line on the guide plate. With this structure, the alveolar bone can be distracted into osteogenesis with high precision and direction, especially suitable for the need to increase the thickness of the alveolar bone at the same time At the same time, it can avoid important anatomical structures, improve the safety of the operation, guide the doctor to complete the operation smoothly and safely, improve the accuracy and efficiency of the operation, and reduce the burden on the doctor and the patient. In addition, the structure of the above-mentioned guide plate is simple, It is easy to manufacture, convenient to apply, suitable for large-scale popularization and use, and can quickly familiarize doctors with less experience with surgical operations while ensuring surgical accuracy and success rate.

The lower surface of the occlusal plate is provided with a lower groove matching the surface of the lower row of teeth of a person, which facilitates the fitting of the occlusal plate and the lower row of teeth of a person, so that the occlusal plate is better fixed with the lower row of teeth of a person.

The upper surface of the occlusal plate is provided with an upper groove matching the surface of the upper teeth of a person, which facilitates the bonding of the occlusal plate and the upper teeth of a person, so that the occlusal plate can be better fixed with the upper teeth of a person.

The thickness range of the guide plate body is 2~3mm, which ensures the use strength of the guide plate body, and when the split drill is used to drill nail holes on the mandible through the through hole on the guide plate body, the guide plate body will not interfere with the drill bit of the split drill .

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of a kind of guide plate that distracts alveolar bone osteogenesis provided by the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of an occlusal plate of a guide plate for distracting alveolar bone osteogenesis provided by the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a positioning plate of a guide plate for distracting alveolar bone osteogenesis provided by the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a guide plate body of a guide plate for distracting alveolar bone osteogenesis provided by the present invention;

in the picture

1. Occlusion plate; 2. Positioning plate; 3. Guide plate body; 11. Lower groove; 31. Through hole.

detailed description

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below. Apparently, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementations obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, a guide plate for stretching alveolar bone osteogenesis provided by the present invention includes an occlusal plate 1, a positioning plate 2 and a guide plate body 3, and the occlusal plate 1 for human occlusion is arranged in a U shape, And the occlusal plate 1 stretches into the mouth of people from the opening side, the bottom of the occlusal plate 1 is connected with the middle part of the guide plate body 3 through the positioning plate 2, the guide plate body 3 is arranged in an arc shape as a whole and the guide plate body 3 is connected to the alveolar bone of people. Fitting, the guide plate body 3 is provided with two rows of through-holes 31 arranged horizontally, and an osteotomy line is arranged between the two rows of through-holes 31. In the process of use, the position and position of the osteotomy line should be set according to the operation plan Cut the final position of the bone block after growth, take any point on the final position of the bone block to be cut, and connect the original position of this point on the cut bone block with this point on the final position of the cut bone block after growth to form A line segment, this line segment is the direction of distraction osteogenesis, the pre-bending of the distractor is carried out in the 3D model making software, and the positions of the plurality of through holes 31 on the guide plate body 3 are determined according to the positions of the nail holes after the stretcher is pre-bent, Mark the position of the osteotomy line on the guide plate according to the design of the osteotomy line. With this structure, the alveolar bone can be distracted with high precision and orientation, especially for cases where the thickness and height of the alveolar bone need to be increased at the same time. At the same time, It can avoid important anatomical structures, improve the safety of the operation, guide the doctor to complete the operation smoothly and safely, improve the accuracy and efficiency of the operation, and reduce the burden on the doctor and the patient. It can be used on a large scale, and can quickly familiarize doctors with less experience with surgical operations, while ensuring the accuracy and success rate of surgery.

In a preferred embodiment, the lower surface of the occlusal plate 1 is provided with a lower groove 11 that matches the surface of the lower row of teeth of a person to facilitate the fitting of the occlusal plate 1 with the lower row of teeth of the person, so that the occlusal plate 1 It is better to fix with the lower row of teeth of the person.

In a preferred embodiment, the upper surface of the occlusal plate 1 is provided with an upper groove that matches the surface of the upper row of teeth of a person, which facilitates the fitting of the occlusal plate 1 with the upper row of teeth of the person, making the occlusal plate 1 relatively It is good to fix with the upper teeth of the person.

Preferably, the depth range of the upper groove and the lower groove 11 is 1 mm to 4 mm, which is convenient for the upper groove to fit the upper row of teeth of the person, and the lower groove 11 to fit the lower row of teeth of the person, and can ensure a certain The connection strength is high, so that the occlusal plate 1 is better fixed in the human oral cavity.

In a preferred embodiment, the positioning plate 2 and the occlusal plate 1 are set at an included angle, and the size of the included angle is 80 degrees to 100 degrees, so as to ensure that the positioning plate 2 firmly fixes the occlusal plate 1 and the guide plate, and ensures the alignment of the entire guide plate. connection strength.

In a preferred embodiment, the positioning plate 2 includes two parallel fixed rods and a fixed plate arranged between the two fixed rods and fixedly connected with the two fixed rods at the same time, the fixed plate and the two fixed rods are integrally formed , to ensure the overall strength of the positioning plate 2 .

In a preferred embodiment, the upper part of the positioning plate 2 is fixedly connected to the occlusal plate 1 through a fixing sleeve, and the lower part of the positioning plate 2 is fixedly connected to the guide plate through a fixing block.

In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the guide plate body 3 ranges from 2 to 3 mm to ensure the use strength of the guide plate body 3, and when using a split drill to drill nail holes on the mandible through the through hole 31 on the guide plate body 3 , The guide plate body 3 will not interfere with the drill bit of the cracked drill.

The present invention also provides a method for making a guide plate for distracting alveolar bone osteogenesis, the steps are as follows:

a. Perform a spiral CT scan on the patient's maxillofacial region, use 3D image generation and editing processing software to perform three-dimensional reconstruction on the spiral CT scanning results of the patient's maxillofacial region, and obtain the reconstructed three-dimensional model;

b. Mark the position of the inferior alveolar canal in the three-dimensional model;

c. Use 3D model making software to make the occlusal plate 1 which plays a fixed role in the three-dimensional model, and complete the production of the occlusal plate part;

d. Draw the outline of the guide plate body 3 on the mandible to generate a guide plate body 3 with a thickness of 2-3mm. Determine the position of the osteotomy line and the final position after the growth of the cut bone block according to the surgical plan, and select any bone block to be cut A point on the final position, connect the original position of this point on the cut bone block with this point on the final position after the cut bone block grows to form a line segment, this line segment is the direction of traction bone formation, in the 3D model making software Perform pre-bending of the distractor, determine the positions of multiple through holes 31 on the guide plate body 3 according to the positions of the nail holes after the pre-bending of the distractor, mark the position of the osteotomy line on the guide plate according to the design of the osteotomy line, and place the teeth Plywood 1 and guide plate body 3 are fixedly connected by positioning plate 2 to obtain a guide plate for precise and directional distraction alveolar bone osteogenesis in the early stage of implant surgery;

e. Using 3D printing materials, the designed guide plate is made into a solid body by 3D printing rapid prototyping method.

Using the above manufacturing method, the distraction alveolar bone osteogenesis guide plate can be made with high precision and accurate orientation, which is especially suitable for cases where the thickness and height of the alveolar bone need to be increased at the same time. At the same time, it can avoid The important anatomical structure improves the safety of the operation, guides the doctor to complete the operation smoothly and safely, improves the accuracy and efficiency of the operation, and reduces the burden on the doctor and the patient. In addition, the guide plate is simple in structure, easy to manufacture, convenient in application, and suitable for large-scale promotion It can be used to make less experienced doctors quickly familiarize themselves with surgical operations while ensuring the accuracy and success rate of surgery.

The present invention also provides a method for using a guide plate for distracting alveolar bone formation, the steps of which are as follows:

a. After the guide plate is sterilized, it is ready for use;

b. Under general anesthesia, perform an incision on the patient's jawbone in the vestibular groove, cut to the bone surface, peel off the muscle and soft tissue on the bone surface, fix the guide plate on the dentition through the occlusal plate 1 on the guide plate, and make the guide plate body 3 and the jaw bone fit;

c. Use a split drill to make nail holes sequentially according to the positions of the multiple through holes 31 on the guide plate body 3, and use a reciprocating saw to cut the jaw bone in a box shape according to the osteotomy line on the guide plate body 3;

d. Position and install the pre-bent distractor according to the position of the nail holes on the jaws on both sides of the osteotomy line, and fix it with titanium nails to determine the direction of distraction osteogenesis;

e. Grind and level the bone wound with a ball drill, place a negative pressure drainage tube after sufficient hemostasis, suture the muscles and mucous membranes in layers, pressurize the surgical area, and complete the installation of the guide plate.

Using the above method can ensure the guide plate for alveolar bone distraction osteogenesis with high precision and accurate orientation. It is especially suitable for cases where the alveolar bone thickness and height need to be increased at the same time. The anatomical structure improves the safety of the operation, guides the doctor to complete the operation smoothly and safely, improves the accuracy and efficiency of the operation, and reduces the burden on the doctor and the patient. In addition, the guide plate has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, and is convenient to apply, which is suitable for large-scale promotion and use. And it can make less experienced doctors quickly familiarize themselves with the surgical operation, while ensuring the accuracy and success rate of the operation.

The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Anyone skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention. Should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of guide plate of stretching alveolar bone skeletonization, it is characterised in that including bite plate (1), location-plate (2) and guide plate body (3) the U-shaped setting of the bite plate (1), being engaged for people, and the bite plate (1) is stretched into the oral area of people, institute by opening side The bottom for stating bite plate (1) is connected by the location-plate (2) with the middle part of the guide plate body (3), the guide plate body (3) The overall curved setting and guide plate body (3) is fitted with the alveolar bone of people, is provided with transverse direction and sets on the guide plate body (3) Osteotomy line is provided between two exhausting holes (31) put, through hole (31) described in two rows.

2. the guide plate of a kind of stretching alveolar bone skeletonization according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the bite plate (1) Lower surface is provided with the low groove (11) matched with the surface of lower row's tooth of people.

3. the guide plate of a kind of stretching alveolar bone skeletonization according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the bite plate (1) Upper surface is provided with the upper groove matched with the surface of upper row's tooth of people.

4. a kind of guide plate of stretching alveolar bone skeletonization according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the upper groove and described The depth bounds of low groove (11) is 1mm~4mm.

5. a kind of guide plate of stretching alveolar bone skeletonization according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the location-plate (2) with The bite plate (1) is set in angle, and the size of the angle is 80 degree~100 degree.

6. a kind of guide plate of stretching alveolar bone skeletonization according to claim 1, it is characterised in that location-plate (2) bag Include two hold-down bars be arrangeding in parallel and be arranged between two hold-down bars and fixed simultaneously with two hold-down bars and connect The fixed plate connect, the fixed plate is integrally formed with two hold-down bars.

7. the guide plate of a kind of stretching alveolar bone skeletonization according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the location-plate (2) Top is fixedly connected by fixed cover with the bite plate (1), and the bottom of the location-plate (2) passes through fixed block and the guide plate It is fixedly connected.

8. a kind of guide plate of stretching alveolar bone skeletonization according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the guide plate body (3) Thickness range be 2~3mm.

9. a kind of preparation method of the guide plate of stretching alveolar bone skeletonization as described in claim any one of 1-8, it is characterised in that Step is as follows：

A, the Maxillary region to patient carry out CT scan, using 3D rendering generation and editing and processing software to patient's Maxillary region CT scan result carries out three-dimensional reconstruction, the threedimensional model after being rebuild；

B, the position for marking inferior alveolar nerve pipe in the three-dimensional model；

C, the bite plate (1) for having made using 3D modellings software fixation in the three-dimensional model, complete bite plate (1) portion The making divided；

D, draw guide plate body (3) profile on mandibular, guide plate body (3) thick generation 2-3mm is determined according to operation plan Final position behind the position of osteotomy line and incision bone piece growth, a bit on bone piece final position need to be cut by appointing to take, and will be cut The home position of this point is connected to form a line segment with cutting this point on the final position after bone piece growth in bone piece, this Line segment is the direction of distraction osteogenesis, the pre-bending of Distraction Apparatus is carried out in 3D modelling softwares, according to nail after Distraction Apparatus pre-bending Position determine the positions of multiple through holes (31) on guide plate body (3), according to osteotomy line on the design mark guide plate of osteotomy line Position, bite plate (1) is fixedly connected with guide plate body (3) by location-plate (2), obtains accurately fixed for implant operation early stage To the guide plate of stretching alveolar bone skeletonization；

E, using 3 D-printing material, the guide plate designed is fabricated to by entity by rapid three dimensional printing forming method.

10. a kind of application method of the guide plate of stretching alveolar bone skeletonization as described in claim any one of 1-8, its feature exists In its step is as follows：

It is standby after a, processing that guide plate carries out disinfection；

To the intraoral vestibular ditch otch of jawbone row of patient under b, general anesthesia, cut to bone face, peel off bone facial muscle meat, soft tissue, pass through Guide plate is fixed in denture by the bite plate (1) on guide plate, guide plate body (3) is fitted with jawbone；

C, using splitting the position tack holes successively that bores according to multiple through holes (31) on guide plate body (3), using reciprocating saw according to Osteotomy line on guide plate body (3) cuts jawbone row box-like；

D, the Distraction Apparatus by the nail position location and installation pre-bending on the jawbone of osteotomy line both sides, and fixation is followed closely by titanium, it is determined that leading Open the direction of skeletonization；

E, polished flat the bone surface of a wound with round bur, and negative-pressure drainage tube, layering suture muscle, mucous membrane, compression wrap are fully placed after hemostasis Prick after field of operation, complete the installation exercise of guide plate.