CN107171567B - Modular switch power amplifier and its control method - Google Patents

Modular switch power amplifier and its control method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107171567B
CN107171567B CN201710041349.3A CN201710041349A CN107171567B CN 107171567 B CN107171567 B CN 107171567B CN 201710041349 A CN201710041349 A CN 201710041349A CN 107171567 B CN107171567 B CN 107171567B
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mode
voltage
power amplifier
circuit
bridge arm
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CN107171567A (en
Inventor
罗安
肖牧轩
徐千鸣
丁红旗
洪乐荣
岳雨霏
郭鹏
王逸兴
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Hunan University
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Hunan University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
    • H02M5/40—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc
    • H02M5/42—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
    • H02M5/44—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac
    • H02M5/453—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M5/458—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/4807—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode having a high frequency intermediate AC stage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • H02M7/487—Neutral point clamped inverters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/539—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency
    • H02M7/5395—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency by pulse-width modulation

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of modular switch power amplifier and its control method, this kind of power amplifier prime uses triphase uncontrollable rectification circuit, and network voltage is transformed into pulsating direct current；Intergrade uses high-frequency DC-DC rectification circuit, realizes adjustable and pulsation smaller DC voltage；Rear class uses three electrical level output circuit of diode clamp, makes the more level of voltage output using carrier wave stacking modulation, reduces the total harmonic distortion (THD) of output voltage, to meet the distorted signals demand of power amplifier.The control strategy of high-frequency DC-DC rectification uses phase-shift control mode, and the demand according to load adjusts DC voltage.To reach signal distortion requirement, proposes the control method of dead area compensation, realize neutral-point voltage balance using modulation strategy.

Description

Modular switch power amplifier and its control method
Technical field
The present invention relates to power amplifiers and high-frequency power electronic to convert field, and especially a kind of modular switch power is put Big device and its control method.
Background technique
The linear characteristic of traditional power amplifier is good and irregularity of wave form is small, but the main problem faced is efficiency It is low, power capacity is small, heat dissipation effect is poor, thus in certain large-power occasions using being limited to.It is domestic in recent years also to develop A series of power amplifier product, but the wests such as the U.S. are also lagged far behind in terms of the frequency range of output and the distortion factor of waveform with regard to it Developed country.Therefore, it to meet the needs of high power capacity, is opened in the special industries occasion research such as audio frequency power amplifier, sonar detection Power amplifier is closed to be of great significance.
Power amplifier can be divided into simulated power amplifier and digital power amplifier according to power tube working method difference. According to current present Research, most power amplification circuits are still based primarily upon analog circuit topology.Simulated power amplifier tool There are excellent waveform amplification characteristic, output waveform aberration rate very little.The characteristics of simulated power amplifier is that distortion is small, response is fast, Input/output signal is substantially the linear relationship i.e. good linearity of power amplifier, but since it is there are direct current conduction loss, Lead to low efficiency.And it is different from linear power amplifier, the class-D amplifier i.e. switch power amplifier of switch state is worked in, Its working condition is in on-off mode.In this power amplifier, the power consumption of power-ourput device is drastically reduced.By It is very high in the efficiency of digital power amplifier, therefore its volume is only 30% left side of the linear power amplifier of equal-wattage The right side, while weight is also considerably reduced.
For pursuing powerful occasion, switch power amplifier is undoubtedly optimal selection.Early stage is it is proposed that switch The concept of power amplifier, is only limited by the limitation of technical level at that time, switch power amplifier output waveform Severe distortion, therefore Very big development is not obtained.Due to the research of power electronic devices, there are many novel wholly-controled devices, such as IGBT and The switching frequency of MOSFET etc., power electronic devices also greatly improve, and switch power amplifier causes the close of people again Concern.So far, the research of external digital power amplifier oneself through having reached a high level.Such as texas,U.S justice device is public Department and APEX company have launched PWM type audio frequency power amplifier integrated circuit component.Early in 2000 or so, day originally had People has succeeded in developing 10KW and has gone out the switch power amplifier that frequency is 100kHZ, and the THD within the scope of entire bandwidth is both less than THD in 10%, 5kHz is less than 2%；The research of foreign countries' power amplifier is mainly in conjunction with switch power amplifier and line at present Property power amplifier is studied, it is desirable to the advantage that the efficiency that can improve amplifier has the linearity for sufficiently combining Linear Power Amplifier good；
In order to improve the quality of output frequency and output waveform to greatest extent, the level number for improving output voltage waveforms changes Kind waveform quality, improves the equivalent switching frequency of output voltage waveforms to improve output frequency.The more level switch power of clamper are put Big device is because output level number is more, and wherein single-phase output is three level, and alternate output may be up to five level；Clamp circuit has defeated Level number out is more, applies having on digital power amplifier and has great advantage；Realizing modular clamper power module Afterwards, equivalent switching frequency is greatly improved by cascade or parallel connection, is able to satisfy the demand of the middle high-power load of pressure.In the past 20 years in, for multi-level converter, there has been proposed many modulation strategies: staircase waveform pulsewidth modulation, sinusoidal wave pulse width tune System, harmonic wave eliminating PWM method, space vector pulse width modulation, triangular carrier phase-shift PWM method etc., there are also the model for motor control is pre- Observing and controlling algorithm, because it is widely used in motor control occasion with stronger robustness.With power electronic technique and automatic control The development of technology processed, the appearance of especially high-power novel high-frequency switching device, the rate of switch and pressure-resistant flow-resistant capacity are significantly It improves, meanwhile, with single-chip microcontroller, the rapid development of the microprocessors such as DSP, the industrial realization and entirety of digital power amplifier Performance is all greatly improved.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to put in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, providing a kind of modular switch power Big device and its control method.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: a kind of modular switch power amplifier, Triphase uncontrollable rectification circuit, intergrade high-frequency DC-DC circuit and rear class diode clamp including sequentially connected prime Two-phase three-level inverter circuit；The intergrade high-frequency DC-DC circuit includes full bridge inverter, the full bridge inverter with The primary side of high frequency transformer is connected, and the secondary side of the high frequency transformer is connect with LC filter circuit.
The intergrade high-frequency DC-DC circuit control method the following steps are included:
1) total DC voltage u of high frequency transformer outlet side is detecteddc, by the reference value u of DC voltagedc refIt subtracts and adopts The DC capacitor voltage that sample obtains obtains Voltage loop modulated signal i* after being then fed into voltage PI controller prevention；
2) by Voltage loop modulated signal i* by obtaining the duty cycle signals d of full bridge inverter after amplitude limiter circuit clipping, And duty cycle signals are sent into carrier modulation link, phase shift modulation is exported to obtain the PWM drive signal of power module, be respectively driven Full bridge inverter reaches desired output voltage.
Correspondingly, the present invention also provides a kind of clamper voltage with multiple levels balance and dead time compensation control methods, including with Lower step:
1) component voltage of the output voltage of high frequency transformer is sampled respectively, obtains udc1And udc2, and real-time detection The output electric current i of high frequency transformerl, modulating mode is determined by output electric current and sampled voltage；
2) capacitance voltage tolerance is the DC side of two-phase three-level inverter circuit up and down | Δ umax|, and calculate Δ u= udc1-udc2；
If 3) | Δ u | < | Δ umax|, then keep original carrier wave constant, if | Δ u | > | Δ umax|, output waveform is positive partly Week；Work as ilWhen>0, Δ u<0, working condition is switched to mode 2 by mode 1, works as ilWhen > 0, Δ u > 0, working condition is cut by mode 2 Mode 1 is changed to, wherein the electric current of mode 1 is through left bridge arm first switch tube S11, second switch S12, load and right bridge arm third Switching tube S23, the 4th diode D4 constitute circuit, and 2 electric current of mode is flowed through left bridge arm first diode D1, second switch S12 Circuit is constituted through load and right bridge arm second switch S23, the 4th switching tube S24；Output waveform is negative half period: working as il> 0, Δ u When < 0, working condition is switched to mode 3 by mode 4, works as ilWhen > 0, Δ u > 0, working condition is switched to mode 4 by mode 3, The electric current of middle mode 3 is through left bridge arm first diode D1, second switch S12, load and right bridge arm third switching tube S23, One switching tube S21 constitutes circuit, and 4 electric current of mode flows through load and the right side through left the 4th switching tube S14 of bridge arm, third switching tube S13 Bridge arm third switching tube S23, the 4th diode D4 constitute circuit；Mutually switched by four kinds of operating modes to maintain neutral point electric Flatten weighing apparatus；
4) work as ilWhen > 0, Δ u is superimposed in the signal source signal of power amplifierr, wherein Δ urFor dead time and carrier cycle Ratio works as ilWhen < 0, superposition-Δ u in the signal source signal of power amplifierrDead area compensation is carried out, triple-frequency harmonics content is reduced, is reduced The aberration rate of electric current；
5) compared with signal and carrier wave after dead area compensation will be superimposed in real time, and carrier wave stacking modulation strategy, left and right bridge are utilized Arm respectively exports the power device of four road pwm signals driving rear class two-phase three-level inverter circuit bridge arm.
Electric current THD is less than 1% for output, capacitance voltage tolerance | Δ umax|=0.
Capacitance voltage tolerance is taken as | Δ umax|/Udc=1%~2%, UdcFor DC capacitor voltage.
Compared with prior art, the advantageous effect of present invention is that: the present invention use modular switch power amplification Device technology, the volume of device is reduced using high frequency transformer and phase-shifting full-bridge, and realizes that output voltage is adjustable；Pass through simultaneously Using high frequency switch power phase shift modulation strategy, dead-zone compensation method is introduced, realizes neutral voltage balancing using modulation measure, With very strong practicability, it can be achieved that the efficient conversion of electric energy.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the topology diagram of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the control block diagram of the phase-shifting full-bridge of one embodiment of the invention；
Four kinds of operating modes of circuit when Fig. 3 (a)~Fig. 3 (d) is the electric current forward direction of one embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Fig. 1 is the topological structure of modular switch power amplifier.The switch power amplifier output voltage studied at present It adjusts and relies on transformer stepping and adjust, it is at high cost, volume is big；Power combing uses Multiple coil mode, and manufacture is difficult, module consistency It is required that high, structure is fixed, and scalability is poor, and maintenance difficulties are high, is difficult meet the needs of load real-time change.Invention thus A kind of modular switch power amplifier and its control method, topological structure as shown in Figure 1: the topological structure prime by capacitor The triphase uncontrollable rectification circuit of filtering is constituted；Intergrade is made of high-frequency DC-DC circuit, using full bridge inverter and height The primary side of frequency power transformer is connected, and the secondary side of high frequency transformer is that single-phase uncontrollable rectification connects LC filter circuit；Rear class is by diode The two-phase three-level inverter circuit of clamper forms, and output par, c is connected with the load of power amplifier.
Fig. 2 is the control block diagram of phase-shifting full-bridge, by the reference value u of DC voltagedc refSubtract the DC side that sampling obtains Capacitance voltage obtains Voltage loop modulated signal i* after being then fed into voltage PI controller prevention, i* is passed through amplitude limiter circuit The duty cycle signals d of full bridge inverter is obtained after clipping, and duty cycle signals are sent into carrier modulation link, and output obtains function The PWM drive signal of rate module respectively drives the full bridge inverter of intergrade, reaches desired output voltage；
Four kinds of operating modes of circuit when Fig. 3 (a)~Fig. 3 (d) is the electric current forward direction of one embodiment of the invention, respectively to height The component voltage of the output voltage of frequency power transformer is sampled to obtain udc1And udc2, and real-time detection exports electric current il, pass through output Electric current and sampled voltage determine modulating mode, choose according to engineering experience | Δ umax|, and calculate Δ u=udc1-udc2If | Δ u | <|Δumax|, then keep original carrier wave constant, if | Δ u | > | Δ umax| when output waveform is positive half cycle: working as il>0, Δ u<0 When, working condition is by mode 1 to mode 2；Work as ilWhen > 0, Δ u > 0, working condition is by mode 2 to mode 1；Output waveform is negative When half cycle: working as ilWhen>0, Δ u<0, working condition is by mode 4 to mode 3；Work as ilWhen > 0, Δ u > 0, working condition by mode 3 to Mode 4；Work as ilWhen > 0, Δ u is superimposed in modulated signalr, work as ilWhen < 0, superposition-Δ u in modulated signalrCarry out dead zone benefit It repays, reduces triple-frequency harmonics content, reduce the aberration rate of electric current, compared with signal and carrier wave after dead area compensation will be superimposed in real time simultaneously Modulation strategy is laminated using carrier wave, the power device for the four road pwm signals driving rear class clamp circuit bridge arm that left and right bridge arm respectively exports Part.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of clamper voltage with multiple levels of modular switch power amplifier balances and dead time compensation control method, module melt Close power amplifier include sequentially connected prime triphase uncontrollable rectification circuit,
The two-phase three-level inverter circuit of intergrade high-frequency DC-DC circuit and rear class diode clamp；The intergrade high frequency DC- DC circuit includes full bridge inverter, and the full bridge inverter is connected with the primary side of high frequency transformer, the high frequency transformer Secondary side connect with LC filter circuit；Characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) component voltage of the output voltage of high frequency transformer is sampled respectively, obtains udc1And udc2, and real-time detection high frequency The output electric current i of transformerl, modulating mode is determined by output electric current and sampled voltage；
2) capacitance voltage tolerance is the DC side of two-phase three-level inverter circuit up and down | Δ umax|, and calculate Δ u=udc1- udc2；
If 3) | Δ u | < | Δ umax|, then keep original carrier wave constant, if | Δ u | > | Δ umax|, output waveform is positive half cycle； Work as ilWhen>0, Δ u<0, working condition is switched to mode 2 by mode 1, works as ilWhen > 0, Δ u > 0, working condition is switched to by mode 2 Mode 1, wherein the electric current of mode 1 is switched through left bridge arm first switch tube S11, second switch S12, load and right bridge arm third Pipe S23, the 4th diode D4 constitute circuit, and 2 electric current of mode flows through negative through left bridge arm first diode D1, second switch S12 It carries and right bridge arm second switch S23, the 4th switching tube S24 constitutes circuit；Output waveform is negative half period: working as il>0, Δ u<0 When, working condition is switched to mode 3 by mode 4, works as ilWhen > 0, Δ u > 0, working condition is switched to mode 4 by mode 3, wherein The electric current of mode 3 is through left bridge arm first diode D1, second switch S12, load and right bridge arm third switching tube S23, first Switching tube S21 constitutes circuit, and 4 electric current of mode flows through load and right bridge through left the 4th switching tube S14 of bridge arm, third switching tube S13 Arm third switching tube S23, the 4th diode D4 constitute circuit；Mutually switched by four kinds of operating modes to maintain neutral point voltage Balance；
4) work as ilWhen > 0, Δ u is superimposed in the signal source signal of power amplifierr, wherein Δ urFor the ratio of dead time and carrier cycle Value, works as ilWhen < 0, superposition-Δ u in the signal source signal of power amplifierrDead area compensation is carried out, triple-frequency harmonics content is reduced, reduces electricity The aberration rate of stream；
5) compared with being superimposed signal and carrier wave after dead area compensation in real time, and using carrier wave stacking modulation strategy, left and right bridge arm is each Export the power device of four road pwm signals driving rear class two-phase three-level inverter circuit bridge arm.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein output electric current ilLess than 1%, capacitance voltage tolerance | Δ umax|=0.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein capacitance voltage tolerance is taken as | Δ umax|/Udc=1% ~2%, UdcFor DC capacitor voltage.
CN201710041349.3A 2017-01-20 2017-01-20 Modular switch power amplifier and its control method Active CN107171567B (en)

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CN102882413A (en) * 2012-06-11 2013-01-16 合肥工业大学 Three-level inverter dead-time compensation algorithm based on modulated wave correction
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