CN1610230A - Three-phase power factor correcting circuit with AC boosting mode - Google Patents
Three-phase power factor correcting circuit with AC boosting mode Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The triphase AC step-up type power factor correcting circuit is used in converter power supply. Up to now, there is no 10 KW level great power triphase power factor correcting circuit. The present invention features the Y-type connection to the triphase power network, and the power factor correcting circuit consists of three inductors, six diodes to constitute bridge rectifier and two capacitors connected serially. The present invention has simplified control, and can raise the power factor of arc welding converter power supply with capacitor filter rectifier circuit as input stage from 0.6-0.7 to 0.98-1.
Description
Technical field
This technology belongs to electric and electronic technical field, and main range of application is inverter arc welding power source and other inverter.
Background technology
Along with worldwide process of industrialization is accelerated, the energy and environmental protection obtain attention more and more widely.Solve energy problem except rational energy exploitation, searching new forms of energy, self tap the latent power, improve utilization efficiency of energy and also mentioned consequence in every profession and trade.Environmental protection also no longer is limited to the improvement of waste gas, waste water, waste residue, noise, and electromagnetic pollution has been confirmed as the fifth-largest pollutant sources.
Harmonic pollution and radio-frequency pollution are typical electromagnetic pollutions.The material electric machining is the industry of power consumption maximum, as casting miscellaneous, welding, forging and pressing, heat treatment and machining equipment, all uses the heat energy or the kinetic energy that are transformed by electric energy.The load state of material electromachining equipment almost is non-linear very strong all, as the electric equipment (as voltage adjusting device, frequency control and inverter etc.) of high-frequency induction heating, arc heating, electron beam heating, electrolysis, plating and employing rectification input.These nonlinear loads make and contain a large amount of high order harmonic components in the power supply grid, on the one hand the power factor of equipment is reduced greatly, cause the significant wastage of transmission losses and power supply capacity, severe contamination electrical network on the other hand, influence the normal operation of other equipment, make the computerized equipment misoperation, even can cause the distribution accident.
Inversion welding source is as a kind of typical power electronic equipment, though it is little, in light weight to have a volume, and advantage such as control performance is good, concerning electrical network, it is a big rectifier power source in essence.The input current waveform of inverter is a kind of wedge angle ripple, as shown in Figure 1, makes and contains a large amount of high order harmonic components in the electrical network.There is serious phase shift between high order voltage, the current harmonics, causes the power factor of welding machine very low.Low-frequency harmonics distortion problem is a common problem of current power electronic equipment, and the most effectual way of solution is that the input at equipment is connected to harmonic suppression apparatus.
Power factor correction is normally after bridge rectifier, increase a Boost circuit, as shown in Figure 2, on-off action by power component, input current is become and the line voltage sine wave of homophase almost completely, current distortion rate is dropped to below 5%, and power factor can bring up to 0.99 or higher.
Its its working principles is: during power switch tube S (by control circuit control) conducting, input voltage vin all is added on the inductance L, along with the rising of input voltage vin, by the also rising thereupon of electric current of inductance L; When power tube turn-offed, inductance produced the induced voltage V with the input voltage same polarity
LAt this moment, the voltage at power tube two ends is Vin+V
L, this voltage is delivered to capacitor C by diode D.Like this, the average current of input inductance L will be followed the tracks of the variation of sinusoidal voltage, and the approaching and synchronous sine wave of voltage of current waveform makes power factor approach 1.For realizing harmonic restraining function, the output voltage V o of Boost pfc circuit must be greater than the crest voltage of rectifier output.And power tube is placed on the DC side of rectifier bridge, and the electric current by power tube is a direct current, the power switch pipe that only needs unidirectional current to pass through.
APFC is divided into single-phase power factor correcting and three-phase activity coefficient adjustment by the difference of application, by the mode of operation of circuit the inductive current of being divided into continuous mode (CCM) and inductive current discontinuous mode (DCM) is arranged.The expert in power electronics both domestic and external field has carried out deep research to the single-phase power factor correcting technology, in source of welding current field, and the domestic article that the power factor correction of single-phase small-power inversion welding source occurred.But three-phase power factor correcting circuit by the simple combination of single phase power factor correcting circuit, is difficult to realize that the harmonic wave of three-phase circuit suppresses because technical difficulty is big.External scholar just proceeds to the Primary Study stage, the mode of operation of circuit generally adopts the inductive current discontinuous mode, the power switch of circuit bears bigger current/voltage stress, only be applicable to the three-phase low-power equipment of steady load, and for the continuous 10KW class large power three-phase power factor correcting circuit of inductive current, have not yet to see article and deliver.The article of domestic relevant three-phase activity coefficient adjustment is delivered very few, also all is to move under the very little situation of power output.Along with device manufacturing technology and HF power conversion development of technology, during power factor correction technology is deep into gradually in the powerful rectifier power source, therefore this mode will be made huge contribution to the improvement of harmonic pollution, suppresses scheme so must study the new harmonic wave that is applicable to high-power three-phase circuit.
Summary of the invention
The present invention adopts the circuit of power factor correction topology of AC boosting mode to replace the diode rectifier circuit of traditional capacitor filtering.
A kind of three-phase power factor correcting circuit of AC boosting mode is characterized in that, according to the three-phase equilibrium criterion, inductance L a in the circuit, Lb, Lc are identical, diode VD1～VD6 is identical, and capacitor C 1, C2 are identical, and two-way power switch tube module Sa, Sb, Sc are identical; The star-like connection of three phase network, its output Via, Vib, Vic and high frequency E MI are that the end of Electro Magnetic Interference emi-filter module and inductance L a, Lb, Lc adopts connected in series successively; The end of the other end of La and the anode of VD1, two-way power switch tube module Sa links together; The end of the other end of Lb and the anode of VD3, two-way power switch tube module Sb links together; The end of the other end of Lc and the anode of VD5, two-way power switch tube module Sc links together; In the rectifier bridge of being made up of diode VD1～VD6, the anode of VD1 is connected with the negative electrode of VD2, the anode of VD3 is connected with the VD4 negative electrode, the anode of VD5 and the negative electrode of VD6 are connected; The dc bus capacitor C1 and the C2 polyphone that are used for filtering join; The negative electrode of VD1, VD3, VD5 and the positive pole of C1 are joined together to form the positive pole of electric; The anode of VD2, VD4, VD6 and the negative pole of C2 are joined together to form the negative pole of electric; The other end of two-way power switch tube module Sa, Sb, Sc must and the negative pole of C1, the positive pole of C2 connect, the points of common connection of C1, C2 and the zero line of three phase network link together or are separate; Above-mentioned two-way power switch module is made of one of dual mode shown in the accompanying drawing 5, a kind of mode is power switch component VT1 and the VT2 butt joint that has the inverse parallel diode with two, shown in accompanying drawing 5 (a), the grid of VT1 and VT2 connects together, emitter is connected together, the collector electrode of VT1 and the negative electrode of D1 are connected to form an end of two-way power switch module, the collector electrode of VT2 and the negative electrode of D2 are connected to form the other end of two-way power switch module, and the emitter of the anode of D1, D2 and VT1, VT2 links together jointly; Another kind of mode is shown in accompanying drawing 5 (b), a power switch component VT is connected on the dc output end of a single-phase rectification bridge of forming by D-1, D-2, D-3, D-4, the positive pole of this single-phase rectification bridge dc output end connects the collector electrode of VT, the negative pole of rectifier bridge dc output end connects the emitter of VT, and this single-phase rectification bridge ac input end is as two terminals of two-way power switch module.
A kind of three-phase power factor correcting circuit of AC boosting mode is characterized in that, the described diode of being made up of in the rectifier bridge diode VD1～VD6 adopts the diode with fast recovery characteristics.
A kind of three-phase power factor correcting circuit of AC boosting mode is characterized in that, power switch component VT1 and VT2 and power switch component VT adopt MOSFET or IGBT.
A kind of three-phase power factor correcting circuit of AC boosting mode, it is characterized in that, described inductance L a, Lb, Lc inductance value scope are 1mH-7mH, and the capacitance swing of filter capacitor is 470uF-3300uF, and the switching frequency of power device can be at 15KHz in the 25KHz scope.
Entire circuit is made up of the Boost circuit that three covers exchange, and instantaneous in each of circuit working, Boost circuit that this three cover exchanges is all worked simultaneously, and each of power supply all provides energy to output mutually, and this point is different with the diode rectifier of routine.From the entire circuit structure, boost inductance and power switch are successively placed on the input side of three-phase commutation bridge, by the closure state that changes the two-way power switch pipe AC-input voltage of rectifier is raise, meanwhile make the input inductance electric current of each phase directly follow the tracks of sine waveform, this suppresses with single-phase harmonic wave, and inductive current tracking half-wave sine is different in the circuit.This circuit also utilizes these characteristics of circuit to realize what the three-phase circuit input current harmonics suppressed just.
The basic principle of circuit working of the present invention is: with a is example mutually, when Via is timing, forms a single phase boost pfc circuit by La, Sa, VD1, C1; When Via when negative, form a single phase boost pfc circuit by La, Sa, VD2, C2, the rest may be inferred for other two-phase.Like this, at any one time, each all is connected to a Boost pfc circuit mutually, and the control mode of circuit can adopt the control mode of any ripe single-phase power factor correcting, controls as average current type current.This three covers AC boosting circuit can adopt identical control circuit, and every cover circuit adopts current feedback loop separately respectively, adopts same voltage feedback loop, forms many closed-loop systems of ring, a Voltage Feedback outer shroud in three current feedback.
The present invention is a kind of three-phase power factor correcting circuit of AC boosting mode, it is characterized in that used diode adopts the diode with fast recovery characteristics to replace the used diode of common rectifier bridge in the rectifier bridge.Purpose is to reduce the power loss that diode rectification brought, and further improves the power factor of system and the stability of system.
The present invention is a kind of three-phase power factor correcting circuit of AC boosting mode, when it is characterized in that selecting for use inductance L a, Lb, Lc, make current work by inductance at continuous conduction mode according to Boost booster circuit design principle, its inductance value scope is 1mH-7mH, the capacitance swing of filter capacitor is 470uF-3300uF, and the switching frequency of power device can be at 15KHz in the 25KHz scope.The common port of polyphone filter capacitor C1, C2 mid point and two-way power switch must be connected together, and its common point and electrical network zero line can be connected mutually also can be separate.The method for designing of the single phase boost pfc circuit current inner loop of the method for designing of each electric current loop and average current-mode control is identical.And the design of outer voltage and single phase boost pfc circuit slightly different be, because the frequency of the ripple of output capacitor is 3 times of the mains supply frequency, the selection of its bandwidth can suitably be relaxed according to the needs of system responses to improve the closed loop response speed of Voltage loop.
In AC boosting formula three-phase power factor correcting circuit, an important switch element is exactly the two-way power switch Module Design.Consider that factor such as cost can expect usually with the substrate of controllable silicon as the two-way power switch module, but the silicon controlled operating frequency can not be very high, and be half control type device, and be not suitable for the application of circuit of power factor correction.So we must adopt existing other switch elements to construct a bidirectional switch.Existing two kinds of methods can constitute bidirectional switch, can adopt wherein a kind of in process of the test.A kind of is the butt joint that has the controllable switch element of inverse parallel diode with two, shown in Fig. 5 (a), the grid of VT1 and VT2 links to each other, emitter links to each other, the collector electrode of VT1 and the negative electrode of VD1 are connected to form an end of bidirectional switch, the collector electrode of VT2 and the negative electrode of D2 are connected to form the other end of bidirectional switch, and the emitter of the anode of D1, VD2 and VT1, VT2 links together jointly.Such two power switch components can adopt same set of drive circuit.Its operation principle is: during the forward current electric current, electric current flows through VT1, D2; During reverse current, electric current flows through VT2, D1, realizes the two-way flow of electric current.Another kind method is a power switch component to be connected on the dc output end of a single-phase rectification bridge (positive pole of rectifier bridge dc output end connects the collector electrode of VT, the negative pole of rectifier bridge dc output end connects the emitter of VT), ac input end is as two terminals of two bidirectional switchs, shown in Fig. 5 (b).Its operation principle is: during forward current, electric current flows through D-1, VT, D-4; During reverse current, electric current flows through D-2, VT, D-3, realizes the two-way flow of electric current.These the two kinds methods that realize bidirectional switch respectively have pluses and minuses, the element that the method for Fig. 5 (a) adopts is less, but conduction voltage drop is low, and the element that the method for Fig. 5 (b) adopts is more, but only adopt a controllable switch element, conduction voltage drop is than the high diode drop of Fig. 5 (a) method.Adopt this two kinds of two-way power switch, can simplify Control System Design of the present invention, only need three tunnel drive signals just can finish control.When the above-mentioned two kinds of bidirectional switch modules of structure, can select MOSFET or IGBT basic building block according to power output size as the design two-way power switch.
Description of drawings
Typical waveform of the input current of the high-power arc welding inverter of Fig. 1 (a) and spectrogram (b)
Fig. 2 single phase boost pfc circuit schematic diagram
The three-phase power factor correcting circuit block diagram of Fig. 3 AC boosting mode
The three-phase power factor correcting circuit principle assumption diagram of Fig. 4 AC boosting mode
The design principle figure of two kinds of bidirectional switchs of Fig. 5
The input current waveform of the three-phase power factor correcting circuit of Fig. 6 AC boosting mode
The phase voltage of the three-phase activity coefficient adjustment of Fig. 7 AC boosting mode and phase current waveform
The input voltage and input current (a) and the frequency spectrum (b) of the arc welding inverter test of Fig. 8 AC boosting
Embodiment
Adopt design of the present invention, developed the arc welding inverter that has harmonic restraining function of a 400A, (inductance value is 3mL to the three-phase power factor correcting circuit of its input stage employing AC boosting mode, dc bus capacitor C1, C2 are 2200uF, the diode rectification that rectifier bridge adopts with fast recovery characteristics, the substrate of two-way power switch module is selected IGBT (BSM150GB120DN2) for use), power output area 10kW～15kW, power inverter adopts full bridge inverter.The arc welding inverter of low harmonic distortion is the development trend of the source of welding current.This welding machine comprises two parts in general: the one, and harmonic shutter also can be called voltage preconditioner or power factor correction stage, and the 2nd, power inverter, just traditional arc welding inverter remove input rectifying filtering part.Each system independently naturally of these two parts, only harmonic shutter is the load characteristic of control power supply with respect to electrical network, with the harm to electrical network of the harmonic wave that reduces power supply, and the capacity of electric power system is fully utilized.Becoming the needed form of load and power inverter is energy conversion with electrical network, is exactly low voltage, big electric current concerning arc welding inverter.So harmonic shutter be control whole welder system input, power inverter be control welder system output, these two parts are combined, be exactly a low harmonic distortion the source of welding current.
Fig. 6 is the inductive current test waveform of the three-phase power factor correcting circuit of AC boosting mode, and Fig. 7 is the phase voltage and the phase current waveform of three-phase power factor correcting circuit.As can be seen, the sine wave that the input current of AC boosting mode has been near the mark, but some distortion is arranged slightly at current zero-crossing point, this is with respect to electrical network because of power factor circuit, has certain perception, the inductive current phase place lags behind supply voltage, electric current is when zero crossing, current feedback loop can't be followed the tracks of reference current, inductive current is interrupted near zero-crossing point simultaneously, so caused inductive current at zero crossing certain distortion to be arranged, it is unavoidable adopting so this shortcoming of topological structure.Fig. 8 adopts the power factor that FLUKE harmonic wave tester carries out and the test result of current harmonics.As seen the power factor of welding machine has reached 0.99, and the current harmonics aberration rate meets the IEC61000-3-2 standard fully below 5%.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of three-phase power factor correcting circuit of AC boosting mode is characterized in that, according to the three-phase equilibrium criterion, inductance L a in the circuit, Lb, Lc are identical, diode VD1～VD6 is identical, and capacitor C 1, C2 are identical, and two-way power switch tube module Sa, Sb, Sc are identical; The star-like connection of three phase network, its output Via, Vib, Vic and high frequency E MI are that the end of Electro Magnetic Interference emi-filter module and inductance L a, Lb, Lc adopts connected in series successively; The end of the other end of La and the anode of VD1, two-way power switch tube module Sa links together; The end of the other end of Lb and the anode of VD3, two-way power switch tube module Sb links together; The end of the other end of Lc and the anode of VD5, two-way power switch tube module Sc links together; In the rectifier bridge of being made up of diode VD1～VD6, the anode of VD1 is connected with the negative electrode of VD2, the anode of VD3 is connected with the VD4 negative electrode, the anode of VD5 and the negative electrode of VD6 are connected; Capacitor C 1 and C2 polyphone join; The negative electrode of VD1, VD3, VD5 and the positive pole of C1 are joined together to form the positive pole of electric; The anode of VD2, VD4, VD6 and the negative pole of C2 are joined together to form the negative pole of electric; The other end of two-way power switch tube module Sa, Sb, Sc must and the negative pole of C1, the positive pole of C2 connect, the points of common connection of C1, C2 and the zero line of three phase network link together or are separate; Above-mentioned two-way power switch module is made of one of dual mode shown in the accompanying drawing 5, a kind of mode is power switch component VT1 and the VT2 butt joint that has the inverse parallel diode with two, shown in accompanying drawing 5 (a), the grid of VT1 and VT2 connects together, emitter is connected together, the collector electrode of VT1 and the negative electrode of D1 are connected to form an end of two-way power switch module, the collector electrode of VT2 and the negative electrode of D2 are connected to form the other end of two-way power switch module, and the emitter of the anode of D1, D2 and VT1, VT2 links together jointly; Another kind of mode is shown in accompanying drawing 5 (b), a power switch component VT is connected on the dc output end of a single-phase rectification bridge of forming by D-1, D-2, D-3, D-4, the positive pole of this single-phase rectification bridge dc output end connects the collector electrode of VT, the negative pole of rectifier bridge dc output end connects the emitter of VT, and this single-phase rectification bridge ac input end is as two terminals of two-way power switch module.
2, the three-phase power factor correcting circuit of a kind of AC boosting mode according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the described diode of being made up of in the rectifier bridge diode VD1～VD6 adopts the diode with fast recovery characteristics.
3, the three-phase power factor correcting circuit of a kind of AC boosting mode according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described power switch component VT1 and VT2 and power switch component VT adopt MOSFET or IGBT.
4, according to the three-phase power factor correcting circuit of the described a kind of AC boosting mode of claim 1, it is characterized in that, described inductance L a, Lb, Lc inductance value scope are 1mH-7mH, the capacitance swing of filter capacitor C1, C2 is 470uF-3300uF, and the switching frequency of power switch component VT1 and VT2 and power switch component VT is in 15KHz arrives the 25KHz scope.
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101534065B (en) * | 2009-04-20 | 2010-12-01 | 浙江大学 | Asymmetric direct power control method of grid-connected three-phase voltage source converter |
| WO2011000262A1 (en) * | 2009-07-03 | 2011-01-06 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Non-bridge power factor correcting circuit and control method thereof |
| CN101989832A (en) * | 2009-07-30 | 2011-03-23 | 王玉富 | Frequency control of motor speed driver of double-fed energy three-phase electric machine |
| CN101490944B (en) * | 2006-07-24 | 2011-07-20 | 大金工业株式会社 | Inverter |
| CN102545578A (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2012-07-04 | 上海交通大学 | Single-phase half-bridge voltage-multiplying rectification PFC (power factor correction) circuit |
| CN102570865A (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2012-07-11 | 上海交通大学 | Low-voltage AC-DC (Alternating Current to Direct Current) converter |
| CN102611330A (en) * | 2011-12-05 | 2012-07-25 | 北京工业大学 | Low-harmonic current continuous three-phase rectifying circuit in mutual inductance energy feedback manner |
| CN101807861B (en) * | 2009-12-10 | 2012-08-29 | 河海大学常州校区 | Method for rectifying three-phase active power factor |
| CN102664542A (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2012-09-12 | 华为技术有限公司 | Circuit and control method thereof |
| CN102684519A (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2012-09-19 | 华为技术有限公司 | Circuit and control method thereof |
| CN103380338A (en) * | 2011-02-25 | 2013-10-30 | 大金工业株式会社 | Power supply circuit and heat pump unit |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101490944B (en) * | 2006-07-24 | 2011-07-20 | 大金工业株式会社 | Inverter |
| CN101534065B (en) * | 2009-04-20 | 2010-12-01 | 浙江大学 | Asymmetric direct power control method of grid-connected three-phase voltage source converter |
| WO2011000262A1 (en) * | 2009-07-03 | 2011-01-06 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Non-bridge power factor correcting circuit and control method thereof |
| CN101989832A (en) * | 2009-07-30 | 2011-03-23 | 王玉富 | Frequency control of motor speed driver of double-fed energy three-phase electric machine |
| CN101807861B (en) * | 2009-12-10 | 2012-08-29 | 河海大学常州校区 | Method for rectifying three-phase active power factor |
| CN103380338A (en) * | 2011-02-25 | 2013-10-30 | 大金工业株式会社 | Power supply circuit and heat pump unit |
| CN102611330B (en) * | 2011-12-05 | 2014-07-02 | 北京工业大学 | Low-harmonic current continuous three-phase rectifying circuit in mutual inductance energy feedback manner |
| CN102611330A (en) * | 2011-12-05 | 2012-07-25 | 北京工业大学 | Low-harmonic current continuous three-phase rectifying circuit in mutual inductance energy feedback manner |
| CN102545578A (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2012-07-04 | 上海交通大学 | Single-phase half-bridge voltage-multiplying rectification PFC (power factor correction) circuit |
| CN102570865A (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2012-07-11 | 上海交通大学 | Low-voltage AC-DC (Alternating Current to Direct Current) converter |
| CN102545578B (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2014-10-15 | 上海交通大学 | Single-phase half-bridge voltage-multiplying rectification PFC (power factor correction) circuit |
| CN102664542A (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2012-09-12 | 华为技术有限公司 | Circuit and control method thereof |
| WO2013159539A1 (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2013-10-31 | 华为技术有限公司 | Circuit and control method thereof |
| CN102684519B (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2014-09-03 | 华为技术有限公司 | Circuit and control method thereof |
| CN102664542B (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2014-09-03 | 华为技术有限公司 | Circuit and control method thereof |
| CN102684519A (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2012-09-19 | 华为技术有限公司 | Circuit and control method thereof |
| CN103706923A (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-04-09 | 浙江颐顿机电有限公司 | Inverter welder |
| CN103706923B (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2015-09-09 | 浙江颐顿机电有限公司 | A kind of inversion welding machine |
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