CN107170507B - 一种复合导电薄膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种复合导电薄膜及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107170507B
CN107170507B CN201710242350.2A CN201710242350A CN107170507B CN 107170507 B CN107170507 B CN 107170507B CN 201710242350 A CN201710242350 A CN 201710242350A CN 107170507 B CN107170507 B CN 107170507B
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黄小兵
陈乾
丁祥
陈俊蓉
严奉梅
戴玲
彭思
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Hunan University of Arts and Science
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    • HELECTRICITY
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    • HELECTRICITY
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Abstract

本发明属于有机无机复合泡棉材料技术领域,特别涉及一种复合导电薄膜及其制备方法。导电薄膜为在高分子聚合物材料基膜表面上依次涂覆有碳纳米管、二氧化硅、氧化石墨烯、三氧化二铁混合的涂覆层以及金属导电层,而复合层材料中二氧化硅和三氧化二铁的同时加入,提高了涂层的耐热性及导电性,也节省了石墨烯类材料及碳纳米管的用量。

Description

一种复合导电薄膜及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于有机无机复合泡棉材料技术领域,特别涉及一种复合导电薄膜及其制备方法。
背景技术
导电泡棉具有导电有效期长、不受温度和湿度的影响、表面电阻值可按实际用途设定等特点,广泛应用于计算机、LED显示器、液晶电视、激光打印机、高速复印机、通讯设备、移动电话、卫星通信、医疗设备、高压机测试、仪表仪器、垫片/隔板、插板电子产品、防震导电的包装。
目前,导电泡棉主要采用三维多孔聚氨酯海绵或无纺布为基材,在电子产品超薄化的趋势下,较小的空间所产生的热量较大,多孔海绵为基体的导电泡棉因密集的孔隙而无法有效进行散热,往往受到震动及设备零部件散热的影响,经常出现热包覆以及热过载,甚至发生自燃,严重危及产品使用安全。
随着电子技术的快速发展,对导电材料功能化的要求越来越高,现在市场上以高分子材料为基体材料的导电泡棉远远无法满足现代电子技术的发展需求,因此,开发超薄、具有阻燃性能的导电薄膜材料,是导电材料技术发展的迫切需求。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种复合导电薄膜及其制备方法,该导电薄膜为在高分子聚合物材料基膜表面上依次涂覆有碳纳米管、二氧化硅、氧化石墨烯、三氧化二铁混合的涂覆层以及金属导电层,
按重量份数计算,二氧化硅为5~10份,碳纳米管为30~70份、三氧化二铁为20-55份,氧化石墨烯为1~5份,
涂覆层厚度为1.0~5.0μm,金属导电层厚度为0.1~1.0μm;
金属导电层的材质为镍、铜或其合金。
本发明还提供了一种上述复合导电薄膜的制备方法:
(1)酸洗
将高分子聚合物材料基膜置于盐酸溶液中处理10~60min,
其中,盐酸溶液的温度为50~80℃,溶质质量浓度为5-10%;
(2)涂覆液的制备
将分散剂、碳纳米管、氧化石墨烯、二氧化硅、三氧化二铁加入去离子水中,并超声分散充分,得到涂覆层复合悬浮液,
其中,分散剂为聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、LA132、羧甲基纤维素等,
加入顺序为,先将分散剂加入去离子水中,再加入碳纳米管,进行超声分散,超声时间为10-100min;再加入氧化石墨烯,超声分散,超声时间为10-80min,再加入二氧化硅及三氧化二铁,并超声分散,超声时间为10-80min;
(3)涂覆
将步骤(2)中得到的涂覆液涂在经过步骤(1)处理的高分子聚合物材料基膜表面,干燥得到负载涂覆层的薄膜;
(4)导电化
对步骤(3)得到的涂覆层表面采用常规的电镀工艺进行镍、铜或其合金导电化处理,
电镀溶液由10~30%(溶质质量分数,下同)的金属硫酸盐、2~5%的金属氯化盐、2~5%的硼酸组成,
电镀时控制电镀溶液的温度为20~50℃、电镀溶液的pH值为2.0~5.0、电流密度为1~5A/dm2、电镀时间为20~50min,采用金属镍、铜或钛板作为催化电极。
本发明的有益效果在于:
1、采用石墨烯及碳纳米管复合涂层对高分子聚合物材料基体进行涂覆,有效增强了高分子聚合物材料作为基体的耐燃性;
2、石墨烯类材料及碳纳米管本身具有的导电性提高了高分子聚合物材料的导电性能,有效节约了生产成本;
3、复合层材料中由于同时加入二氧化硅和三氧化二铁,提高了涂层的导电性,减少了石墨烯类材料及碳纳米管的用量;
4、本发明工艺简单,操作方便,产品实用性强,易于实现规模化生产。
具体实施方式
实施例1
(1)将厚度为5μm的聚酰亚胺薄膜基体置于温度为50℃、溶质质量浓度为5%的盐酸溶液中处理60min,干燥;
(2)将聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、碳纳米管、氧化石墨烯、二氧化硅、三氧化二铁加入去离子水中,并超声分散充分,得到涂覆液,
其中,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、去离子水、二氧化硅、三氧化二铁、碳纳米管、氧化石墨烯的质量比依次为1.0:1.0:0.5:1.0:2.0:0.1;
(3)涂覆
将步骤(2)中得到的涂覆液涂在经过步骤(1)处理的聚酰亚胺薄膜表面,干燥得到负载涂覆层的薄膜,控制干燥后的涂覆层厚度为5.0μm;
(4)导电化
对步骤(3)得到的涂覆层表面采用电镀工艺进行镍导电化处理,
按重量浓度计算,电镀溶液由10%的硫酸镍、2%的氯化镍、2%的硼酸组成,
电镀时控制电镀溶液的温度为20℃、电镀溶液的pH值为2.0、电流密度为4A/dm2、电镀时间为38min,采用金属镍板作为催化电极,
电镀所得的导电层厚度控制为1.0μm。
经检测,本实施例所制备的复合导电薄膜中间涂覆层的电阻率为0.01Ω/mm2;本实施例所制备的复合导电薄膜中间涂覆层的导热系数为80W/(m·K)。
实施例2
(1)将厚度为10μm的无纺布薄膜基体置于温度为65℃、溶质质量浓度为8%的盐酸溶液中处理30min,干燥;
(2)将聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、碳纳米管、氧化石墨烯、二氧化硅、三氧化二铁加入去离子水中,并超声分散充分,得到涂覆液,
其中,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、去离子水、二氧化硅、三氧化二铁、碳纳米管、氧化石墨烯的质量比依次为0.3:0.4:0.3:1.0:2.0:0.08;
(3)涂覆
将步骤(2)中得到的涂覆液涂在经过步骤(1)处理的无纺布薄膜基体表面,干燥得到负载涂覆层的薄膜,控制干燥后的涂覆层厚度为3.0μm;
(4)导电化
对步骤(3)得到的涂覆层表面采用电镀工艺进行镍和铜的合金导电化处理,
按重量浓度计算,电镀溶液由15%的硫酸铜、3.5%的氯化镍、3.5%的硼酸组成,
电镀时控制电镀溶液的温度为35℃、电镀溶液的pH值为3.5、电流密度为2.5A/dm2、电镀时间为35min,采用铜板作为催化电极,
电镀所得的导电层厚度控制为0.8μm。
经检测,本实施例所制备的复合导电薄膜中间涂覆层的电阻率为0.015Ω/mm2;本实施例所制备的复合导电薄膜中间涂覆层的导热系数为95W/(m·K)。
实施例3
(1)将厚度为50μm的聚酰亚胺薄膜基体置于温度为80℃、溶质质量浓度为10%的盐酸溶液中处理10min,干燥;
(2)将聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、碳纳米管、氧化石墨烯、二氧化硅、三氧化二铁加入去离子水中,并超声分散充分,得到涂覆液,
其中,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、去离子水、二氧化硅、三氧化二铁、碳纳米管、氧化石墨烯的质量比依次为0.5:0.3:0.3:1.0:1.2:0.1;
(3)涂覆
将步骤(2)中得到的涂覆液涂在经过步骤(1)处理的无纺布薄膜基体表面,干燥得到负载涂覆层的薄膜,控制干燥后的涂覆层厚度为1.5μm;
(4)导电化
对步骤(3)得到的涂覆层表面采用电镀工艺进行镍和铜的合金导电化处理,
按重量浓度计算,电镀溶液由30%的硫酸镍、5%的氯化镍、5%的硼酸组成,
电镀时控制电镀溶液的温度为50℃、电镀溶液的pH值为5.0、电流密度为5A/dm2、电镀时间为20min,采用金属镍板作为催化电极,
电镀所得的导电层厚度控制为0.5μm。
经检测,本实施例所制备的复合导电薄膜中间涂覆层的电阻率为0.018Ω/mm2;本实施例所制备的复合导电薄膜中间涂覆层的导热系数为80W/(m·K)。
对比实施例1
相比于实施例1,涂覆层中不含二氧化硅:
(1)同实施例1;
(2)将聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、碳纳米管、氧化石墨烯、三氧化二铁加入去离子水中,并超声分散充分,得到涂覆液,
其中,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、去离子水、三氧化二铁、碳纳米管、氧化石墨烯的质量比依次为1.0:1.0:1.0:2.0:0.1;
(3)同实施例1;
(4)同实施例1。
经检测,本实施例所制备的复合导电薄膜中间涂覆层的电阻率为0.026Ω/mm2
对比实施例2
相比于实施例1,涂覆层中不含三氧化二铁:
(1)同实施例1;
(2)将聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、碳纳米管、氧化石墨烯、二氧化硅加入去离子水中,并超声分散充分,得到涂覆液,
其中,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、去离子水、二氧化硅、碳纳米管、氧化石墨烯的质量比依次为1.0:1.0:0.5:2.0:0.1;
(3)同实施例1;
(4)同实施例1。
经检测,本实施例所制备的复合导电薄膜中间涂覆层的电阻率为0.021Ω/mm2

Claims (6)

1.一种复合导电薄膜,其特征在于:所述的导电薄膜为在高分子聚合物材料基膜表面上依次涂覆由碳纳米管、二氧化硅、氧化石墨烯、三氧化二铁混合的涂覆层以及金属导电层;
所述的涂覆层按重量份数计算,二氧化硅为5~10份,碳纳米管为30~70份、三氧化二铁为20-55份,氧化石墨烯为1~5份;
所述的金属导电层的材质为镍、铜或其合金;
所述涂覆层厚度为1.0~5.0μm,所述金属导电层厚度为0.1~1.0μm。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的复合导电薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于:所述制备方法的步骤为,
(1)酸洗
将高分子聚合物材料基膜置于盐酸溶液中处理10~60min,干燥;
(2)涂覆液的制备
将分散剂、碳纳米管、氧化石墨烯、二氧化硅、三氧化二铁加入去离子水中,并超声分散充分,得到涂覆液;
(3)涂覆
将步骤(2)中得到的涂覆液涂在经过步骤(1)处理的高分子聚合物材料基膜表面,干燥得到负载涂覆层的薄膜;
(4)导电化
对步骤(3)得到的涂覆层表面采用电镀工艺进行镍、铜或其合金导电化处理。
3.如权利要求2所述的复合导电薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中所述的盐酸溶液的温度为50~80℃,溶质质量浓度为5-10%。
4.如权利要求2所述的复合导电薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中所述的分散剂为聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、LA132或羧甲基纤维素。
5.如权利要求2所述的复合导电薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(4)中,按重量浓度计算,所述电镀溶液由10~30%的金属硫酸盐、2~5%的金属氯化盐、2~5%的硼酸组成。
6.如权利要求2所述的复合导电薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(4)中,电镀时控制电镀溶液的温度为20~50℃、电镀溶液的pH值为2.0~5.0、电流密度为1~5A/dm2、电镀时间为20~50min,采用金属镍、铜或钛板作为催化电极。
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