CN107167920A - A kind of high brightness holographical wave guide display device - Google Patents
A kind of high brightness holographical wave guide display device Download PDFInfo
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003190 augmentative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004313 glare Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001093 holography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005304 optical glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001747 pupil Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B27/0103—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising holographic elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/32—Holograms used as optical elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/122—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths
- G02B6/1226—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths involving surface plasmon interaction
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B27/0103—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising holographic elements
- G02B2027/0105—Holograms with particular structures
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/0118—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices for improving the contrast of the display / brillance control visibility
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/0132—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising binocular systems
- G02B2027/0134—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising binocular systems of stereoscopic type
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/0174—Head mounted characterised by optical features holographic
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/22—Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
- G03H1/2202—Reconstruction geometries or arrangements
- G03H2001/2223—Particular relationship between light source, hologram and observer
- G03H2001/2226—Edge lit holograms
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Diffracting Gratings Or Hologram Optical Elements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high brightness holographical wave guide display device, including micro-display, collimating mirror, waveguide, enter coupler and go out to couple volume holographic grating；It is described enter coupler include top layer volume holographic grating and bottom volume holographic grating, top layer volume holographic grating is close contact in the first surface two ends of waveguide with going out to couple volume holographic grating；Bottom volume holographic grating is close contact in the second surface of waveguide, and positioned at the lower section of top layer volume holographic grating；The top layer volume holographic grating and bottom volume holographic grating occur Bragg diffraction to incident beam and enter waveguide, are propagated in waveguide in the form of total reflection, until being gone out to couple the output of volume holographic grating diffraction.Compared with prior art, the invention can ensure that on the premise of volume holographic grating peak value diffraction efficiency is not reduced, increasing spectral bandwidth, the display brightness of holographical wave guide display device is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to waveguide display device, more particularly to a kind of high brightness holographical wave guide display device.
Background technology
Holographical wave guide display device belongs to wear-type enhancing technical field, and its key technology is to replace holographic optical elements (HOE)
Traditional optical elements constitute the higher wearable imaging system of integrated level as waveguide coupler.
Prior art, can be because by respectively using a piece of volume holographic grating as the holographical wave guide structure for going out, entering coupler
The angular selectivity and wavelength selectivity of volume holographic grating, cause the emergent pupil brightness of holographical wave guide display device too low, it is impossible to full
Requirement of the sufficient augmented reality system to virtual image brightness.
In addition, also it has been proposed that entering the structure that coupled end is two-sided volume holographic grating, the program is by entering coupled end
The inclination angle of volume holographic grating increases an angle of deviation to improve display brightness, but this mode can cause veiling glare more, and
When the angle of deviation is larger, color cross-talk problem is than more serious for colour display, while the gain to brightness is smaller, can not
Meet requirement of the augmented reality system to virtual image brightness.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention：To solve the deficiencies in the prior art the same of volume holographic grating peak efficiencies is not being reduced there is provided a kind of
When expand spectral bandwidth, and the high brightness holographical wave guide display device that can increase display brightness.
Technical scheme：A kind of high brightness holographical wave guide display device, including micro-display, collimating mirror, waveguide, enter coupler
Volume holographic grating is coupled with going out, described to enter coupler and to go out to couple the two ends that volume holographic grating is close contact in waveguide surface respectively, institute
Stating waveguide includes first surface and second surface；The micro-display load image, outwards transmitting is loaded with the diverging of image information
Light, the diverging light is impinged perpendicularly on coupler by being changed into directional light, the directional light after collimating mirror, is entered coupler
Diffraction, into waveguide；In the waveguide, light is propagated in the form of being totally reflected, until being gone out to couple the output of volume holographic grating diffraction；Institute
State includes top layer volume holographic grating and bottom volume holographic grating into coupler；The top layer volume holographic grating is with going out to couple volume holographic
Grating is close contact in the two ends of the waveguide first surface S1, and the bottom volume holographic grating is close contact in the second surface S2 of waveguide,
And positioned at the lower section of the top layer volume holographic grating；
The bragg wavelength of the top layer volume holographic grating is λ+△ λ1, the bragg wavelength of the bottom volume holographic grating
For λ+△ λ2, it is described go out to couple the bragg wavelength of volume holographic grating be λ, wherein, λ is lambda1-wavelength, and △ λ1×△λ2≤
0, | △ λ1-△λ2| span be 0nm~20nm.
The bottom volume holographic grating makes the directional light of vertical incidence occur Bragg diffraction, and a part of diffraction light enters ripple
Lead, propagated in waveguide in the form of total reflection；A part of diffraction light impinges perpendicularly on top layer volume holographic grating, quilt through waveguide
Top layer volume holographic grating Bragg diffraction, a portion diffraction light enters waveguide, is propagated in waveguide in the form of total reflection.
Wherein, the top layer volume holographic grating is reflection volume holographic grating, and its thickness is 3um~15um.The bottom
Volume holographic grating is reflection volume holographic grating, and its thickness is 3um~10um.It is described to go out to couple volume holographic grating for reflection-type body
Holographic grating, its thickness is 3um~15um.
Wherein, the top layer volume holographic grating, bottom volume holographic grating and to go out to couple volume holographic grating be monochromatic volume holographic
Grating.The top layer volume holographic grating, bottom volume holographic grating and go out to couple volume holographic grating for multiplexing volume holographic grating.It is described
Top layer volume holographic grating and bottom volume holographic grating are multilayer volume holographic grating with going out to couple volume holographic grating.
Wherein, the grating slope angle of the top layer volume holographic gratingEqual to the grating slope angle of bottom volume holographic gratingAnd go out to couple the grating slope angle of volume holographic gratingMeetAndScope be 22 °~30 °.
Wherein, the waveguide can be planar waveguide or free form surface waveguide.
Beneficial effect：Compared with prior art, technical scheme causes incident parallel light first through bottom volume holographic
Optical grating diffraction, remaining light is again by top layer volume holographic grating diffraction, and the two-beam that diffraction is obtained all enters waveguide, to be totally reflected
Form is propagated to coupled end is gone out so that Wave guide system can ensure that not reducing incident light (centre wavelength is λ) corresponding peak value spreads out
While penetrating efficiency, increase the spectral bandwidth into coupled end, improve out the display brightness of coupled end, solve existing common holography
The problem of waveguiding structure display brightness is not enough
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the holographical wave guide display device of prior art；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the simplification enlarged drawing at A in Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is the FEM analogous diagrams that structure of the present invention enters coupled end；
Fig. 5 is existing structure and the wavelength and the diffraction efficiency graph of relation for entering coupler of structure of the present invention.
Embodiment
Technical scheme is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of holographical wave guide display device of the prior art, including micro-display 101, collimating mirror 102,
Waveguide 103, enter to couple volume holographic grating 104 and go out to couple volume holographic grating 105.The transmitting of micro-display 101 of the device is loaded with
The diverging light of image information, diverging light is impinged perpendicularly on by switching to directional light, the directional light after collimating mirror 102 by waveguide
Enter to couple on volume holographic grating, enter to couple the diffraction light of volume holographic grating diffraction formation through described, into waveguide 103, diffraction light
Propagated in the waveguide in the form of total reflection, until being gone out to couple volume holographic grating diffraction output directional light, into human eye
106.Because the diffraction efficiency of volume holographic grating is higher, diffraction bandwidth is narrower, therefore is improving the same of the peak efficiencies of volume holographic grating
When, diffraction bandwidth narrows, and the image display brightness that can cause out coupled end light not enough, influences eye-observation.
As shown in Fig. 2 a kind of high brightness holographical wave guide display device of the present invention, including micro-display 201, collimating mirror
202nd, bottom volume holographic grating 203, waveguide 204, top layer volume holographic grating 205 and go out to couple volume holographic grating 206.Wherein, ripple
Lead including first surface S1 and second surface S2；Top layer volume holographic grating is close contact in waveguide respectively with going out to couple volume holographic grating
First surface S1 two ends；Bottom volume holographic grating is close contact on the second surface S2 of waveguide, and positioned at top layer volume holographic grating
Lower section.Bottom volume holographic grating 203 and top layer volume holographic grating 205 are constituted into coupler.Micro-display is located at collimating mirror
At focal length, its center line is coaxial with the center line of collimating mirror, bottom volume holographic grating and top layer volume holographic grating.
Wherein, the bragg wavelength of top layer volume holographic grating is λ+△ λ1, the Bradley lattice wave of bottom volume holographic grating for λ+
△λ2, the bragg wavelength for going out to couple volume holographic grating is λ, wherein, λ is lambda1-wavelength, and △ λ1×△λ2≤ 0, | △ λ1-
△λ2| span be 0nm~20nm.Top layer volume holographic grating, bottom volume holographic grating and go out to couple volume holographic grating equal
Can be reflection volume holographic grating, its thickness is respectively 3um~15um, 3um~10um and 3um~15um.
In addition, top layer volume holographic grating, bottom volume holographic grating and to go out to couple volume holographic grating can be monochromatic volume holographic
Grating, multiplexing volume holographic grating or multilayer volume holographic grating.
The diffraction principle of the device：
Micro-display load image, the diverging light L20, the diverging light L20 that outside transmitting is loaded with image information passes through standard
It is changed into directional light L21 after straight mirror, the directional light L21 is impinged perpendicularly on bottom volume holographic grating 203, by bottom volume holographic light
Grid Bragg diffraction exports diffraction light, and a portion diffraction light L22 enters waveguide 204, in the waveguide in the form of total reflection
Propagate, until being gone out to couple the output of the diffraction of volume holographic grating 206；A part for remaining diffraction light impinges perpendicularly on top through waveguide
Layer volume holographic grating 205, exports diffraction light L23, diffraction light L23 enters waveguide, in waveguide by top layer volume holographic grating diffraction
Propagated in the form of total reflection, until being gone out to couple the output of volume holographic grating diffraction.Go out to couple the output of volume holographic grating diffraction
Directional light L24 enters human eye 207.
Fig. 3 is the simplification enlarged drawing at A in Fig. 2.As shown in figure 3, after being loaded with the diverging light of image information by collimating mirror
Directional light is formed, the directional light impinges perpendicularly on bottom volume holographic grating, and the bottom volume holographic grating is carried out to directional light
Diffraction, its -1 order diffraction light T-1Into waveguide；Its 0 order diffraction light T0Through waveguide, impinge perpendicularly on top layer volume holographic grating,
The top layer volume holographic grating is to T0Light carries out diffraction, its -1 order diffraction light R-1Into waveguide；- 1 grade of bottom volume holographic grating spreads out
Penetrate light T-1With the order diffraction light R of top layer volume holographic grating -1-1, propagated in waveguide in the form of total reflection.
As shown in figure 4, structure of the present invention enters the FEM simulation result figures of coupled end, simulation result shows：Directional light vertically enters
It is mapped on bottom volume holographic grating, diffraction light is exported by bottom volume holographic grating Bragg diffraction, a portion diffraction light enters
Enter waveguide；Another part diffraction light impinges perpendicularly on top layer volume holographic grating through waveguide, by top layer volume holographic grating diffraction, defeated
Go out diffraction light and enter waveguide, propagated in waveguide in the form of total reflection.The simulation result is consistent with Fig. 3 notional result.
In the embodiment：The thickness of top layer volume holographic grating is 5um, and its bragg wavelength is 532nm+6nm, grating slope
Angle is 22.5 °, and it is close contact in above waveguide, as shown in Figure 2.
The thickness of bottom volume holographic grating is 5um, and its bragg wavelength is 532nm-6nm, and grating slope angle is 22.5 °,
And its contiguity and waveguide lower section, as shown in Figure 2.
The thickness for going out to couple volume holographic grating is 5um, and its bragg wavelength is 532nm, and grating slope angle is -22.5 °, and
It is close contact in above waveguide, as shown in Figure 2.
The centre wavelength of incident light is 532nm.
Waveguide is planar waveguide, and thickness can be in 1mm~5mm, and material is optical glass or optics plastic or other materials
Material, the present invention is not limited.
The diffraction efficiency function D (λ) for entering coupler is：
D (λ)=DT,-1(λ)+DT,0(λ)×DR,-1(λ)
Wherein, DT,-1(λ) is the order diffraction light T of bottom volume holographic grating -1-1Diffraction efficiency function, DT,0(λ) is bottom body
The order diffraction light T of holographic grating 00Diffraction efficiency function, DR,-1(λ) is the order diffraction light R of top layer reflection volume holographic grating -1-1's
Diffraction efficiency function.
System is relative to be entered to couple the definition of brightness and be：
Wherein, I (λ) is the luminance function of display, and D (λ) is the diffraction efficiency function into coupler.
The wavelength for entering coupler and diffraction graph of relation of prior art as shown in Figure 5 and present example, from figure
As can be seen that spectral bandwidth increases to 35nm from 20nm, and corresponding peak efficiencies are not reduced.
It is computed, structure of the present invention enters to couple brightness relatively improves 72.27% on the basis of existing structure shown in Fig. 1；
Consider with reference to coupled end is gone out, the coupling brightness of system always improves 22.6% on the basis of existing structure shown in Fig. 1.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of high brightness holographical wave guide display device, including micro-display, collimating mirror, waveguide, enter coupler and go out coupling body
Holographic grating, described to enter coupler and to go out to couple the two ends that volume holographic grating is close contact in waveguide surface respectively, the waveguide includes
First surface and second surface；The micro-display load image, outwards transmitting is loaded with the diverging light of image information, the diverging
Light is impinged perpendicularly on coupler by being changed into directional light, the directional light after collimating mirror, is entered coupler diffraction, into ripple
Lead；In the waveguide, light is propagated in the form of being totally reflected, until being gone out to couple the output of volume holographic grating diffraction；It is characterized in that：Institute
State includes top layer volume holographic grating and bottom volume holographic grating into coupler；The top layer volume holographic grating is with going out to couple volume holographic
Grating is close contact in the two ends of the waveguide first surface S1, and the bottom volume holographic grating is close contact in the second surface S2 of waveguide,
And positioned at the lower section of the top layer volume holographic grating；
The bragg wavelength of the top layer volume holographic grating is λ+Δ λ1, the bragg wavelength of the bottom volume holographic grating for λ+
Δλ2, it is described go out to couple the bragg wavelength of volume holographic grating be λ, wherein, λ is lambda1-wavelength, and Δ λ1×Δλ2≤ 0, |
Δλ1-Δλ2| span be 0nm~20nm；
The bottom volume holographic grating makes the directional light of vertical incidence occur Bragg diffraction, and a part of diffraction light enters waveguide,
Propagated in waveguide in the form of total reflection；A part of diffraction light impinges perpendicularly on top layer volume holographic grating through waveguide, is pushed up
Layer volume holographic grating Bragg diffraction, a portion diffraction light enters waveguide, is propagated in waveguide in the form of total reflection.
2. high brightness holographical wave guide display device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The top layer volume holographic grating
For reflection volume holographic grating, its thickness is 3um~15um.
3. high brightness holographical wave guide display device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The bottom volume holographic grating
For reflection volume holographic grating, its thickness is 3um~10um.
4. high brightness holographical wave guide display device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described go out coupling body holographic optical
Grid are reflection volume holographic grating, and its thickness is 3um~15um.
5. the high brightness holographical wave guide display device according to any one of Claims 1-4, it is characterised in that：The top layer
Volume holographic grating, bottom volume holographic grating and to go out to couple volume holographic grating be monochromatic volume holographic grating.
6. the high brightness holographical wave guide display device according to any one of Claims 1-4, it is characterised in that：The top layer
Volume holographic grating, bottom volume holographic grating and go out to couple volume holographic grating for multiplexing volume holographic grating.
7. the high brightness holographical wave guide display device according to any one of Claims 1-4, it is characterised in that：The top layer
Volume holographic grating and bottom volume holographic grating are multilayer volume holographic grating with going out to couple volume holographic grating.
8. the high brightness holographical wave guide display device according to any one of Claims 1-4, it is characterised in that：The top layer
The grating slope angle of volume holographic gratingEqual to the grating slope angle of bottom volume holographic gratingAnd go out to couple volume holographic grating
Grating slope angleMeetAndScope be 22 °~30 °.
9. high brightness holographical wave guide display device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The waveguide can be flat board
Waveguide or free form surface waveguide.
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| CN201710462322.1A CN107167920B (en) | 2017-06-19 | 2017-06-19 | High-brightness holographic waveguide display device |
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| CN107479128A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2017-12-15 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Backlight module and display device |
| CN107621673A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-01-23 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Light source module group and display device |
| CN107966819A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-04-27 | 北京灵犀微光科技有限公司 | Waveguide display device |
| CN108363137A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-08-03 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Display device |
| CN109116566A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2019-01-01 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of nearly eye display device |
| WO2019155117A1 (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2019-08-15 | Dispelix Oy | Diffractive display element with grating mirror |
| CN110471185A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-11-19 | 瑞声通讯科技(常州)有限公司 | Waveguide augmented reality display device |
| CN110908125A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-03-24 | 杭州光粒科技有限公司 | Display device based on waveguide |
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| 王垒 等: "基于双面体全息光栅的高亮度全息波导显示器", 《光电子技术》 * |
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