CN107166897B - A kind of method and apparatus of the dry Poria cocos of vacuum impulse - Google Patents
A kind of method and apparatus of the dry Poria cocos of vacuum impulse Download PDFInfo
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- CN107166897B CN107166897B CN201710367613.2A CN201710367613A CN107166897B CN 107166897 B CN107166897 B CN 107166897B CN 201710367613 A CN201710367613 A CN 201710367613A CN 107166897 B CN107166897 B CN 107166897B
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- 235000008599 Poria cocos Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 241001619444 Wolfiporia cocos Species 0.000 title 1
- 244000197580 Poria cocos Species 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 235000001188 Peltandra virginica Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000007602 hot air drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001558929 Sclerotium <basidiomycota> Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000857 drug effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019225 fermented tea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007914 intraventricular administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013616 tea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005418 vegetable material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
- F26B9/06—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V21/00—Supporting, suspending, or attaching arrangements for lighting devices; Hand grips
- F21V21/10—Pendants, arms, or standards; Fixing lighting devices to pendants, arms, or standards
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/001—Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
- F26B21/08—Humidity
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/06—Chambers, containers, or receptacles
- F26B25/08—Parts thereof
- F26B25/10—Floors, roofs, or bottoms; False bottoms
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
- F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to agricultural product technology manufacture fields, are related to method and apparatus of the Poria cocos without nutrition loss processing method and the dry Poria cocos of equipment more particularly to a kind of vacuum impulse.This method is dried Diced tuckahoe using vacuum drying mode, avoids the volume contraction unevenness as caused by internal and external humidity gradient unevenness and material is caused to be cracked or be crushed；Under the continuous pulsating condition of hothouse (1) interior pressure, Diced tuckahoe (19) microcosmic duct can be made constantly to expand, shrink, and then interconnect, the volume contraction of Diced tuckahoe in the drying process can be effectively facilitated, higher material strength is maintained.The device includes vacuum system, auxiliary hot air drying system, heating system and control system, it can effectively realize that temperature, the intelligence of vacuum degree are adjusted, make that the rate of drying of Diced tuckahoe is fast, uniform drying, it is dry after Diced tuckahoe (19) degree of packing it is big, not cracky.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural product technology manufacture fields, are related to Poria cocos without nutrition loss processing method and equipment, especially relate to
And a kind of method and apparatus of the dry Poria cocos of vacuum impulse.
Background technique
Poria cocos (Poria cocos) be pore fungus Poria cocos sclerotium, be Chinese tradition can dual-purpose of drug and food Chinese medicine.
2015 editions " Chinese Pharmacopoeia " provide to be used as medicine after it has to pass through drying.
Common Poria cocos product form has Diced tuckahoe, Indian buead tablet, Poria cocos powder, wherein again because Diced tuckahoe easy making process, condition are whole
It is clean and market demand is maximum.Therefore, it is dry after Poria cocos processing method is predominantly manually or mechanically diced.Diced tuckahoe after drying
Not only drug effect is maintained finished product, but also quality is pure white uniformly, is readily transported and stores.In addition to natural drying, heated-air drying is
Poria cocos main drying mode at present, but in hot-air drying process, with moisture diffusion, Diced tuckahoe internal and external humidity gradient is uneven easily to be made
At volume of material shrink uneven, so as to cause material cracking, be crushed.Therefore, the heated-air drying mode of industrialized production are as follows: temperature
Then heated-air drying 2~4 hours of 40~65 DEG C of degree get damp again 4~6 hours, move in circles 3~4 times, work consuming is time-consuming.And it is dry
Product after dry still remains the problem of breakage rate is high.
Volume of material contraction is drying process common phenomenon, and for fruit vegetable materials, it is tight that volume contraction not only will increase material
Solidity hinders material dewatering, but also can hinder the rehydration of material.It is received accordingly, with respect to drying process agricultural product material volume
The research of contracting also focuses mostly on and " matrix particles " how to be avoided inside material to collapse, and improves product reconstitution rate etc..But to object
Material product shrinking law carries out scientific research and is used, and can also improve product quality.Diced tuckahoe quality is uniform, such as by pair
Poria cocos drying process carries out appropriate regulation, makes Diced tuckahoe volume uniform shrinkage, then can effectively enhance the material degree of packing, maintain outside it
Integrality is seen, improves its quality appearance, and transport convenient for later product.
When material is in vacuum state, the microcosmic duct inside material is expanded, material moisture migration when increasing dry
Duct；The boiling point that vacuum state is lauched is lower, therefore material internal moisture rapid evaporation, under can be realized material low temperature it is quick
It is dry；When material is in normal pressure state, under extraneous atmospheric pressure effect, microcosmic duct is shunk；Therefore, in dry intraventricular pressure
Under the continuous pulsating condition of power, the microcosmic duct of material is constantly expanded, is shunk, and then interconnects, and can effectively facilitate Diced tuckahoe and exist
Volume contraction in drying process maintains higher material strength.
Common Minton dryer, charging tray directly and contact heater plate, transfer heat to material by heat transfer.Mesh
Before, dry charging tray mostly uses metal material to make, and thickness is between 1~2mm, and area is larger and is thin-wall construction, and charging tray makes work
Skill, use process are collided with, and charging tray is easily made to generate warpage, deformation of unevenness, generating region poor contact, point between charging tray and heating plate
Phenomena such as shape is thermally conductive easily makes dry materials heat supply insufficient, uneven, influences drying efficiency, and passes through heat radiation heated material, fever
Source with material directly contact, can not solve the problems, such as this effectively, and under vacuum state, and air and water vapour content are less, be conducive to
The transmission of heat radiation energy.
For the processing of Poria cocos, the field that current research is concentrated mainly on cultural method and effective component is extracted；Such as Shen
Please number for CN 201480001134 Poria cocos artificial cultivation method；For another example application No. is one kind of CN201610571808.4
The technique that polysaccharide is extracted from Poria cocos, gives a kind of polysaccharide extracting process；For another example application No. is CN201610402892.7's
A kind of Poria cocos hypha fermentation tea, using tealeaves as raw material, the technique of producing Fermented tea；But the drying for being all not directed to Poria cocos adds
Work method and apparatus.Therefore, the rapid processing technique and device of a kind of Poria cocos are needed.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide it is a kind of it is high-efficient, easy to use, be conducive to quickly, it is effectively dry
The apparatus and method of the dry Poria cocos of the vacuum impulse of dry Poria cocos.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical scheme that
A kind of device of the dry Poria cocos of vacuum impulse, including vacuum system, auxiliary hot air drying system, heating system and control
System processed；Wherein,
Vacuum system includes hothouse 1, trap 7, vacuum pump 11 and water tank 9.It is caught by pipeline connection 1 side of hothouse
Storage 7, the pipeline between hothouse 1 and trap 7 are equipped with vacuum control valve 6.11 one end of vacuum pump and trap 7 pass through pipe
Road connection, the other end are separately connected water inlet line 8 and drainage pipeline 10.The vacuum pump 11 is water-ring vacuum pump.
Assisting hot air drying system includes auxiliary hot air drier 12 and air heater strip 14.The air heater strip 14 is pacified
Inside auxiliary hot air drier 12, auxiliary 12 one end of hot air drier is equipped with air inlet 13, and the other end is connected to by pipeline
Hothouse 1, the pipeline that auxiliary hot air drier 12 is connected to hothouse 1 are equipped with intake valve 15.
Heating system includes heating plate 17 and charging tray 18.The heating plate 17 and charging tray 18 are arranged along short transverse layered distribution
Column, charging tray 18 is between upper and lower two heating plate 17.Single layer tiling Diced tuckahoe 19 on charging tray 18.
Control system includes temperature of charge sensor 4, pressure sensor 5 and master control unit.Temperature of charge sensor 4 is inserted into
Inside Diced tuckahoe 19；Pressure sensor 5 is fixed on 1 inner wall of hothouse.Master control unit be single-chip microcontroller input/output module, respectively with
Temperature of charge sensor 4, pressure sensor 5 and touch screen 3 are electrically connected.
The water tank 9 is also connected with condenser or condensing tower.
1 bottom of hothouse is equipped with sewage draining exit, and sewage draining exit connects blowdown valve 16.
The charging tray 18 heats 30~50mm of plate spacing apart from top, heats 10~40mm of plate spacing apart from lower section.
The master control unit also respectively with vacuum control valve 6, intake valve 15, vacuum pump 11, auxiliary hot air drier 12 with
And heating plate 17 is electrically connected.
A method of vacuum impulse drying being carried out to Poria cocos using the device of the dry Poria cocos of the vacuum impulse, including
Following steps:
A) by Poria cocos peeling and 8mm is cut into3~20mm3Diced tuckahoe 19 after, the material that is placed in vacuum impulse drying device
On disk 18.
B) device of the dry Diced tuckahoe 19 of starting vacuum impulse, sets absolute vacuum degree range, the material temperature of hothouse 1
Degree, pulse than and the continuous drying time.
Wherein, 1 absolute vacuum degree stated range minimum of hothouse is 0, and maximum value is 5~8kPa；Temperature of charge be 40 DEG C~
80℃；Than the ratio for hothouse 1 normal pressure state time and vacuum state time, the ratio is 1/2~1/5 for pulsation；Continuously
Drying time is 4~8 hours.
C) according to setting time, vacuum impulse drying and heating are carried out to Diced tuckahoe 19.
In the vacuum state of drying process, master control unit controls intake valve according to the pressure value that pressure sensor 5 provides
15 close, while controlling the unlatching of vacuum control valve 6, and start vacuum pump 11 and start to vacuumize.Air in hothouse 1 is through vacuum
Control valve 6, trap 7 are extracted out by vacuum pump 11.When the vacuum degree in hothouse 1 reaches in setting vacuum ranges, stop
It vacuumizes, maintains the vacuum degree of setting；When vacuumizing, vacuum pump 11 is absorbed water by water inlet line 8, is discharged into water through drainage pipeline 10
In water tank 9.
In the normal pressure state of drying process, master control unit controls vacuum control according to the pressure value that pressure sensor 5 provides
Valve 6 and vacuum pump 11 processed are closed, while controlling intake valve 15 and the auxiliary unlatching of hot air drier 12.Outside air is by air inlet
After 13 are heated into auxiliary hot air drier 12, entered in hothouse 1 by intake valve 15.Master control unit according to setting arteries and veins
The dynamic vacuum state time and normal pressure state time ratio than control drying process.
During heating, 19 internal temperature of Diced tuckahoe that master control unit is provided according to temperature sensor 4 is to heating plate 17
It is controlled.When temperature of charge range of 19 internal temperature of Diced tuckahoe lower than setting, start heating plate 17；Inside Diced tuckahoe 19
Temperature is higher than the temperature of charge range of setting, then stops heating.
D) terminate heating, close master control unit, open hothouse 1, take out Diced tuckahoe 19.
In step c, in 19 heating process of Diced tuckahoe, the vapor of evaporation condenses in trap 7.
In step c, when vacuumizing, the temperature of the vacuum pump 11 is maintained to be maintained at 15~35 DEG C of low-temperature condition.
In step b, the atmospheric pressure value of the normal pressure state is local real atmosphere pressure.
In step c, the air temperature range after the auxiliary hot air drier 12 heats is 50~350 DEG C.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1) method of the dry Poria cocos of a kind of vacuum impulse of the invention, does Diced tuckahoe using vacuum drying mode
It is dry, it avoids the volume contraction unevenness as caused by internal and external humidity gradient unevenness and material is caused to be cracked or be crushed；
2) method of the dry Poria cocos of a kind of vacuum impulse of the invention, under the dry continuous pulsating condition of room pressure,
It the microcosmic duct of Diced tuckahoe can be made constantly to expand, shrink, and then interconnects, Diced tuckahoe can be effectively facilitated in the drying process
Volume contraction maintains higher material strength；
3) device of the dry Poria cocos of a kind of vacuum impulse of the invention can effectively realize that temperature, the intelligence of vacuum degree are adjusted,
Make that the rate of drying of Diced tuckahoe is fast, uniform drying, it is dry after the Diced tuckahoe degree of packing it is big, not cracky.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the device of the dry Poria cocos of vacuum impulse of the present invention.
Appended drawing reference:
1 hothouse, 2 control button
3 touch screen, 4 temperature of charge sensor
5 pressure sensor, 6 vacuum control valve
7 trap, 8 water inlet line
9 water tank, 10 drainage pipeline
11 vacuum pumps 12 assist hot air drier
13 air inlet, 14 air heater strip
15 intake valve, 16 blowdown valve
17 heating plate, 18 charging tray
19 Diced tuckahoes
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, a specific embodiment of the invention is further described.
A kind of dry Poria cocos device of vacuum impulse of the invention, the dry processing for Diced tuckahoe.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of device of the dry Poria cocos of vacuum impulse of the present invention includes vacuum system, auxiliary heated-air drying system
System, heating system and control system；Wherein,
Vacuum system includes hothouse 1, trap 7, vacuum pump 11 and water tank 9.It is caught by pipeline connection 1 side of hothouse
Storage 7, the pipeline between hothouse 1 and trap 7 are equipped with vacuum control valve 6.1 bottom of hothouse is equipped with sewage draining exit, blowdown
Mouth connection blowdown valve 16.11 one end of vacuum pump is connected to trap 7 by pipeline, and the other end is separately connected water inlet line 8 and row
Waterpipe 10.The vacuum pump 11 is water-ring vacuum pump.
Preferably, the water tank 9 is connected with condenser or condensing tower.
Preferably, the water temperature in the water tank 9 is 0~35 DEG C.
Assisting hot air drying system includes auxiliary hot air drier 12 and air heater strip 14.The air heater strip 14 is pacified
Inside auxiliary hot air drier 12, auxiliary 12 one end of hot air drier is equipped with air inlet 13, and the other end is connected to by pipeline
Hothouse 1, the pipeline that auxiliary hot air drier 12 is connected to hothouse 1 are equipped with intake valve 15.
Heating system includes heating plate 17 and charging tray 18.The heating plate 17 and charging tray 18 are arranged along short transverse layered distribution
Column, charging tray 18 heat 30~50mm of plate spacing between upper and lower two heating plate 17, apart from top, heat plate spacing apart from lower section
10~40mm.Single layer tiling Diced tuckahoe 19 on the charging tray 18.
Control system includes temperature of charge sensor 4, pressure sensor 5 and master control unit.Temperature of charge sensor 4 is inserted into
Inside Diced tuckahoe 19；Pressure sensor 5 is fixed on 1 inner wall of hothouse.
Master control unit be single-chip microcontroller input/output module, respectively with temperature of charge sensor 4, pressure sensor 5 and touching
Touch 3 electrical connection of screen.Power switch is provided on master control unit.
Preferably, master control unit also respectively with vacuum control valve 6, intake valve 15, vacuum pump 11, auxiliary hot air drier 12
And heating plate 17 is electrically connected.
A kind of method of the dry Poria cocos of vacuum impulse, includes the following steps:
A) by Poria cocos peeling and 8mm is cut into3~20mm3Diced tuckahoe 19 after, the material that is placed in vacuum impulse drying device
On disk 18.
B) device of the dry Poria cocos of starting vacuum impulse, sets absolute vacuum degree range, the temperature of charge, arteries and veins of hothouse 1
It is dynamic than and the continuous drying time.
Wherein, 1 absolute vacuum degree stated range minimum of hothouse is 0, and maximum value is 5~8kPa；Temperature of charge be 40 DEG C~
80℃；Than the ratio for hothouse 1 normal pressure state time and vacuum state time, the ratio is 1/2~1/5 for pulsation；Continuously
Drying time is 4~8 hours.The atmospheric pressure value of the normal pressure state is local real atmosphere pressure.
C) according to setting time, vacuum impulse drying and heating are carried out to Diced tuckahoe 19；
In the vacuum state of drying process, master control unit controls intake valve according to the pressure value that pressure sensor 5 provides
15 close, while controlling the unlatching of vacuum control valve 6, and start vacuum pump 11 and start to vacuumize.Air in hothouse 1 is through vacuum
Control valve 6, trap 7 are extracted out by vacuum pump 11.When the vacuum degree in hothouse 1 reaches in setting vacuum ranges, stop
It vacuumizes, maintains the vacuum degree of setting.When vacuumizing, vacuum pump 11 is absorbed water by water inlet line 8, is discharged into water through drainage pipeline 10
In water tank 9, the temperature of holding vacuum pump 11 is maintained at 15~35 DEG C of low-temperature condition, guarantees that vacuum pump 11 works normally.
In the normal pressure state of drying process, master control unit controls vacuum control according to the pressure value that pressure sensor 5 provides
Valve 6 and vacuum pump 11 processed are closed, while controlling intake valve 15 and the auxiliary unlatching of hot air drier 12.Outside air is by air inlet
After 13 are heated into auxiliary hot air drier 12, entered in hothouse 1 by intake valve 15.Hot air drier 12 is assisted to heat
Air temperature range afterwards is 50~350 DEG C.
Vacuum state time and normal pressure state time ratio of the master control unit according to the pulsation of setting than controlling drying process.
During heating, 19 internal temperature of Diced tuckahoe that master control unit is provided according to temperature sensor 4 is to heating plate 17
It is controlled.When temperature of charge range of 19 internal temperature of Diced tuckahoe lower than setting, start heating plate 17；Inside Diced tuckahoe 19
Temperature is higher than the temperature of charge range of setting, then stops heating.
Wherein, in 19 heating process of Diced tuckahoe, the vapor of evaporation condenses in trap 7.
D) terminate heating, close master control unit, open hothouse 1, take out Diced tuckahoe 19.
Embodiment 1
A) by Poria cocos peeling and 15mm is cut into3Diced tuckahoe 19 after, the charging tray 18 that is placed in vacuum impulse drying device
On.
B) device of the dry Poria cocos of starting vacuum impulse, sets 1 absolute vacuum degree range of hothouse, temperature of charge, pulsation
Than and the continuous drying time.
Wherein, 1 absolute vacuum degree stated range minimum of hothouse is 0, maximum value 6kPa；Temperature of charge is 60 DEG C；Pulsation
Than the ratio for hothouse 1 normal pressure state time and vacuum state time, ratio 4/15；The continuous drying time is 6 hours.
The atmospheric pressure value of the normal pressure state is local real atmosphere pressure.
C) according to setting time, vacuum impulse drying and heating are carried out to Diced tuckahoe 19；
In the vacuum state of drying process, master control unit controls intake valve according to the pressure value that pressure sensor 5 provides
15 close, while controlling the unlatching of vacuum control valve 6, and start vacuum pump 11 and start to vacuumize.Air in hothouse 1 is through vacuum
Valve 6, trap 7 are extracted out by vacuum pump 11.When the vacuum degree in hothouse 1 reaches in setting vacuum ranges, stop taking out true
Sky maintains the vacuum degree of setting.When vacuumizing, vacuum pump 11 is absorbed water by water inlet line 8, and water is discharged into water tank through drainage pipeline 10
In 9, the temperature of holding vacuum pump is maintained at 15~35 DEG C of low-temperature condition, guarantees that vacuum pump 11 works normally.
In the normal pressure state of drying process, master control unit controls vacuum control according to the pressure value that pressure sensor 5 provides
Valve 6 and vacuum pump 11 processed are closed, while controlling intake valve 15 and the auxiliary unlatching of hot air drier 12.Outside air is by air inlet
After 13 are heated into auxiliary hot air drier 12, entered in hothouse 1 by intake valve 15.Hot air drier 12 is assisted to heat
Air temperature range afterwards is 50~350 DEG C.
Master control unit is according to the pulsation of setting than the normal pressure state time for controlling drying process and vacuum state time than protecting
Hold 4/15.
During heating, 19 internal temperature of Diced tuckahoe that master control unit is provided according to temperature sensor 4 is to heating plate 17
It is controlled.When temperature of charge range of 19 internal temperature of Diced tuckahoe lower than setting, start heating plate 17；Inside Diced tuckahoe 19
Temperature is higher than the temperature of charge range of setting, then stops heating.
Wherein, in 19 heating process of Diced tuckahoe, the vapor of evaporation condenses in trap 7.
D) terminate heating, close master control unit, open hothouse 1, take out Diced tuckahoe 19.
Embodiment 2
A) by Poria cocos peeling and 12mm is cut into3Diced tuckahoe 19 after, the charging tray 18 that is placed in vacuum impulse drying device
On.
B) device of the dry Poria cocos of starting vacuum impulse, sets 1 absolute vacuum degree range of hothouse, temperature of charge, pulsation
Than and the continuous drying time.
Wherein, 1 absolute vacuum degree stated range minimum of hothouse is 0, maximum value 5kPa；Temperature of charge is 70 DEG C；Pulsation
Than the ratio of normal pressure state time and vacuum state time for hothouse 1, the ratio is 4/15；The continuous drying time is 5
A hour.The atmospheric pressure value of the normal pressure state is local real atmosphere pressure.
C) according to setting time, vacuum impulse drying and heating are carried out to Diced tuckahoe 19；
In the vacuum state of drying process, master control unit controls intake valve according to the pressure value that pressure sensor 5 provides
15 close, while controlling the unlatching of vacuum control valve 6, and start vacuum pump 11 and start to vacuumize.Air in hothouse 1 is through vacuum
Control valve 6, trap 7 are extracted out by vacuum pump 11.When the vacuum degree in hothouse 1 reaches in setting vacuum ranges, stop
It vacuumizes, maintains the vacuum degree of setting.When vacuumizing, vacuum pump 11 is absorbed water by water inlet line 8, is discharged into water through drainage pipeline 10
In water tank 9, the temperature of holding vacuum pump is maintained at 15~35 DEG C of low-temperature condition, guarantees that vacuum pump 11 works normally.
In the normal pressure state of drying process, master control unit controls vacuum control according to the pressure value that pressure sensor 5 provides
Valve 6 and vacuum pump 11 processed are closed, while controlling intake valve 15 and the auxiliary unlatching of hot air drier 12.Outside air is by air inlet
After 13 are heated into auxiliary hot air drier 12, entered in hothouse 1 by intake valve 15.Hot air drier 12 is assisted to heat
Air temperature range afterwards is 50~350 DEG C.
Master control unit is according to the pulsation of setting than the normal pressure state time for controlling drying process and vacuum state time than protecting
Hold 4/15.
During heating, 19 internal temperature of Diced tuckahoe that master control unit is provided according to temperature sensor 4 is to heating plate 17
It is controlled.When temperature of charge range of 19 internal temperature of Diced tuckahoe lower than setting, start heating plate 17；Inside Diced tuckahoe 19
Temperature is higher than the temperature of charge range of setting, then stops heating.
Wherein, in 19 heating process of Diced tuckahoe, the vapor of evaporation condenses in trap 7.
D) terminate heating, close master control unit, open hothouse 1, take out Diced tuckahoe 19.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of device of the dry Poria cocos of vacuum impulse, including vacuum system, auxiliary hot air drying system, heating system and control
System；It is characterized by:
Vacuum system includes hothouse (1), trap (7), vacuum pump (11) and water tank (9)；Hothouse (1) side passes through pipeline
It is connected to trap (7), the pipeline between hothouse (1) and trap (7) is equipped with vacuum control valve (6)；Vacuum pump (11) one
End is connected to trap (7) by pipeline, and the other end is separately connected water inlet line (8) and drainage pipeline (10)；The vacuum pump
It (11) is water-ring vacuum pump；
Assisting hot air drying system includes auxiliary hot air drier (12) and air heater strip (14)；The air heater strip (14)
It is internal to be installed on auxiliary hot air drier (12), auxiliary hot air drier (12) one end is equipped with air inlet (13), and the other end passes through
Pipeline is connected to hothouse (1), and the pipeline that auxiliary hot air drier (12) is connected to hothouse (1) is equipped with intake valve (15)；
Heating system includes heating plate (17) and charging tray (18)；The heating plate (17) and charging tray (18) are along short transverse stratiform point
Cloth arrangement, charging tray (18) is between upper and lower two heating plate (17)；Single layer tiling Diced tuckahoe (19) on charging tray (18)；
Control system includes temperature of charge sensor (4), pressure sensor (5) and master control unit；Temperature of charge sensor (4) is inserted
It is internal to enter Diced tuckahoe (19)；Pressure sensor (5) is fixed on hothouse (1) inner wall；Master control unit is single-chip microcontroller input and output mould
Block is electrically connected with temperature of charge sensor (4), pressure sensor (5) and touch screen (3) respectively.
2. the device of the dry Poria cocos of vacuum impulse according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the water tank (9) also with it is cold
Condenser or condensing tower are connected.
3. the device of the dry Poria cocos of vacuum impulse according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: hothouse (1) bottom
Equipped with sewage draining exit, sewage draining exit connects blowdown valve (16).
4. the device of the dry Poria cocos of vacuum impulse according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the charging tray (18) is apart from upper
Fang Jiare 30~50mm of plate spacing heats 10~40mm of plate spacing apart from lower section.
5. the device of the dry Poria cocos of vacuum impulse according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the master control unit is also distinguished
It is electrically connected with vacuum control valve (6), intake valve (15), vacuum pump (11), auxiliary hot air drier (12) and heating plate (17).
6. a kind of device using the dry Poria cocos of vacuum impulse as described in one of Claims 1 to 5 carries out vacuum arteries and veins to Poria cocos
Move dry method, which comprises the steps of:
A) by Poria cocos peeling and 8mm is cut into3~20mm3Diced tuckahoe (19) after, the charging tray that is placed in vacuum impulse drying device
(18) on；
B) device of starting vacuum impulse dry Diced tuckahoe (19), sets absolute vacuum degree range, the material temperature of hothouse (1)
Degree, pulse than and the continuous drying time；
Wherein, hothouse (1) absolute vacuum degree stated range minimum is 0, and maximum value is 5~8kPa；Temperature of charge is 40 DEG C~80
℃；Than the ratio for hothouse (1) the normal pressure state time and vacuum state time, the ratio is 1/2~1/5 for pulsation；Continuously
Drying time is 4~8 hours；
C) according to setting time, vacuum impulse drying and heating are carried out to Diced tuckahoe (19)；
In the vacuum state of drying process, master control unit controls intake valve according to the pressure value that pressure sensor (5) provides
(15) it closes, while controlling vacuum control valve (6) unlatching, and start vacuum pump (11) and start to vacuumize；Sky in hothouse (1)
Gas is extracted out through vacuum control valve (6), trap (7) by vacuum pump (11)；When the vacuum degree in hothouse (1) reaches setting vacuum
When spending in range, stop vacuumizing, maintains the vacuum degree of setting；When vacuumizing, vacuum pump (11) is absorbed water by water inlet line (8),
Water is discharged into water tank (9) through drainage pipeline (10)；
In the normal pressure state of drying process, master control unit controls vacuum control according to the pressure value that pressure sensor (5) provides
Valve (6) and vacuum pump (11) are closed, while controlling intake valve (15) and auxiliary hot air drier (12) unlatching；Outside air by
After air inlet (13) is heated into auxiliary hot air drier (12), entered in hothouse (1) by intake valve (15)；Main control part
Vacuum state time and normal pressure state time ratio of the part according to the pulsation of setting than controlling drying process；
During heating, Diced tuckahoe (19) internal temperature that master control unit is provided according to temperature sensor (4) is to heating plate
(17) it is controlled；When temperature of charge range of Diced tuckahoe (19) internal temperature lower than setting, start heating plate (17)；Work as Poria cocos
Fourth (19) internal temperature is higher than the temperature of charge range of setting, then stops heating；
D) terminate heating, close master control unit, open hothouse (1), take out Diced tuckahoe (19).
7. the method for the dry Poria cocos of vacuum impulse according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: in step c, in Diced tuckahoe
(19) in heating process, the condensation in trap (7) of the vapor of evaporation.
8. the method for the dry Poria cocos of vacuum impulse according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: in step c, when vacuumizing,
The temperature of the vacuum pump (11) is maintained to be maintained at 15~35 DEG C of low-temperature condition.
9. the method for the dry Poria cocos of vacuum impulse according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: in step b, the normal pressure shape
The atmospheric pressure value of state is local real atmosphere pressure.
10. the method for the dry Poria cocos of vacuum impulse according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: in step c, the auxiliary
Air temperature range after hot air drier (12) heating is 50~350 DEG C.
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| CN100494842C (en) * | 2006-02-20 | 2009-06-03 | 李志平 | Vacuum drying apparatus |
| CN100483054C (en) * | 2006-09-19 | 2009-04-29 | 车炳雷 | Drying machines |
| CN201964749U (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2011-09-07 | 中国农业大学 | Self-cleaning drying roller of vacuum pulsating dryer |
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