CN107165843A - A kind of permasyn motor direct connects the low-power ventilating fan of driving - Google Patents
A kind of permasyn motor direct connects the low-power ventilating fan of driving Download PDFInfo
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- CN107165843A CN107165843A CN201710558493.4A CN201710558493A CN107165843A CN 107165843 A CN107165843 A CN 107165843A CN 201710558493 A CN201710558493 A CN 201710558493A CN 107165843 A CN107165843 A CN 107165843A
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- pole
- polarity
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- winding
- voltage
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
- F04D25/08—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the working fluid being air, e.g. for ventilation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
- F04D25/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
- F04D25/0606—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven the electric motor being specially adapted for integration in the pump
- F04D25/0613—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven the electric motor being specially adapted for integration in the pump the electric motor being of the inside-out type, i.e. the rotor is arranged radially outside a central stator
- F04D25/0646—Details of the stator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/14—Structural association with mechanical loads, e.g. with hand-held machine tools or fans
Abstract
A kind of permasyn motor direct connects the low-power ventilating fan of driving, including：The impeller of the injection molding of directional-rotation；Directly drive the motor of impeller, its stator winding is by regulation around to AC power is access to, and rotor is p-m rotor and identical with stator poles, in a free state, the axis of each pole of rotor deflects an acute angle using the axis of the hithermost pole of stator one as reference along predetermined turn to.Switch of the AC power through a control circuit control is powered to stator winding.Impeller diameter no more than 150mm when impeller diameter is not more than 130mm or is 8 pole when impeller diameter is not more than 100mm or is 6 pole when the number of poles of stator is 4 pole；Control circuit plug-in contains the signal driving switch by detecting to control the step of AC power is toward stator winding electrifying；The magnetic of specified polarity is presented in the ventilation fan prestart, the pole-face of stator core one.Pre-determined bit detection process when conventional art ventilation fan is started is exempted in the design, is improved performance and is reduced cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the low-power ventilating fan that a kind of permasyn motor direct connects driving, more particularly to its machinery knot
The cooperation of structure, electromagnetic structure and control method；IPC classification belongs to F04D25/08.
Background technology
Ventilation fan is using having a large capacity and a wide range, and long operational time needs manufacture low cost and energy saving in running badly.Used for ventilation fan
The small-power that Asynchronous Motor Driving is proposed down to the relatively low situation of efficiency, the applicant's earlier application CN201510395121.5
Ventilation fan is connect driving by permasyn motor direct and saved and small volume, and has on predetermined direction of rotation and preferably rise
Dynamic and behavior in service, and single rotor-position detecting element need not be set, but to make it by predetermined steering starting operation, need control
Its energization is made, first step is pre-determined bit --- position of the magnetic pole relative to magnetic pole of the stator of p-m rotor is determined, then by the inspection
Result and the predetermined voltage turned to the corresponding polarity waveform of stator application are surveyed, detection circuit and program are complex.
Relevant term is referred to《Mechanical engineering manual》、《Motor engineering handbook》With China Machine Press's version in 1981
《Ventilation blower》.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to propose that a kind of permasyn motor direct connects the small-power ventilation of driving
Fan, it has in predetermined direction of rotation preferably starts and behavior in service, and cost is relatively low, including need not set single rotor
Position detecting element, but its pre-determined bit is fairly simple.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the technical problem is that a kind of permasyn motor direct connects the small-power of driving
Ventilation fan, including：
--- the impeller of the injection molding rotated according to predetermined direction；
--- the motor of the direct drive impeller, the winding of motor stator is by regulation around to being access to AC power；
Motor rotor is p-m rotor, and its number of poles is identical with the number of poles of stator, and in a free state, the axis of each pole of rotor is with most
The axis of the close pole of stator one is reference, and a sharp angle is deflected along the direction of rotation of setting；
--- with one switch, AC power through winding power from the switch to motor stator；
--- with a control circuit, switched on-off described in control；
It is characterized in that：
--- the number of poles of motor stator is 4 poles, and impeller diameter is not more than 100mm；Or the number of poles of motor stator is 6
Pole, impeller diameter is not more than 130mm；Or the number of poles of motor stator is 8 poles, impeller diameter is not more than 150mm；
--- control circuit；Including detection circuit and plug-in, the plug-in contains drives institute by the signal detected
State switch with control the AC power toward the winding be powered the step of；
--- the magnetic of specified polarity is presented in the ventilation fan prestart, the pole-face of stator core one.
Interaction force between the magnetic and p-m rotor magnetic pole of the pole-face, will make p-m rotor and the stator pole magnetic
The opposite magnetic pole of property stays in the position in face of the stator pole.Because the magnetic of the stator pole is designed by regulation, equivalent to stop
It is, it is known that detection thus can be exempted in the polarity of the magnetic pole of the p-m rotor in face of the stator pole position.
Further one of design is the technical program：The width of air gap is set in each pole lower edge between the stator and rotor
Circumferencial direction narrow, the stator winding before energization terminates, be passed through produce specified polarity magnetic DC current.The pole magnetic
The remanent magnetism of change maintains to next time the magnetic specified polarity is presented before being powered.In addition, in the magnetic history, the stator pole is stronger
The opposite magnetic pole of the magnetic field suction p-m rotor and stator pole magnetic stay in position in face of the stator pole, both ensure next time
The magnetic of specified polarity is presented before being powered, and is advantageous to avoid demagnetization.Being passed through the fairly simple method of the DC current is：
The switch is bidirectional thyristor, its one-way conduction of control for the DC current that is triggered before energization terminates.
Further design two is the technical program：Installed in the stator core pole towards rotor surface and the rule are presented
Determine the permanent magnet of polarity magnetic.It can also further design the permanent magnet and be installed on the one of the circumferencial direction pole axis line in the stator pole
Side, the axis formation that permanent magnet now attracts the magnetic pole of rotor to align the two axis and deviates the stator pole starts angle, can exempt from
Start the non-homogeneous air gap that angle is generally used to produce except conventional art, thus improve efficiency causes with reluctance torque fluctuation is mitigated
Vibration noise.
Above-mentioned technical proposal is applied to one of design of step described in ventilation fan starting process：The ventilation fan is predetermined to be pressed
The circumferencial direction rotation of the setting：
--- it is powered toward the winding to the mains half-wave that the magnetic of the iron core specified polarity is degaussing, to provide phase shift
A half-wave conducting is contended, and half-wave is reduced phase shifting angle one by one；
--- during this period, voltage when measurement winding current is zero, after the voltage reaches setting, to owning thereafter
The mains half-wave of polarity immediately begins to conducting at the time of following condition is met：
--- the polarity of the voltage when polarity of the supply voltage, winding current are zero and the change of the current versus time
The polarity of rate is identical；
Or conducting is immediately begun at the time of meeting following condition at the same time：
A) polarity of the voltage when polarity of the supply voltage, winding current are zero and the rate of change of the current versus time
Polarity it is identical；
B) voltage when winding current is zero is in prescribed limit；
C) moment is interval in the stipulated time；
The accumulative conducting for meeting above-mentioned condition reaches stipulated number, and the motor enters synchronous operation and controlled.
Above-mentioned technical proposal is applied to：The ventilation fan is predetermined to be pressed
The opposite direction rotation of the circumferencial direction of the setting：
--- it is powered toward the winding to the magnetic of the iron core specified polarity to increase the mains half-wave of magnetic, to provide phase shift
A half-wave conducting is contended, and half-wave is reduced phase shifting angle one by one；
--- during this period, voltage when measurement winding current is zero, after the voltage reaches setting, to owning thereafter
The mains half-wave of polarity immediately begins to conducting at the time of following condition is met；
--- the polarity of the voltage when polarity of the supply voltage, winding current are zero and the change of the current versus time
The polarity of rate is identical；
Or conducting is immediately begun at the time of meeting following condition at the same time：
A) polarity of the voltage when polarity of the supply voltage, winding current are zero and the rate of change of the current versus time
Polarity it is identical；
B) voltage when winding current is zero is in prescribed limit；
C) moment is interval in the stipulated time；
The accumulative conducting for meeting above-mentioned condition reaches stipulated number, and the motor enters synchronous operation and controlled.
Technical scheme and effect will be further described with reference to accompanying drawing in a specific embodiment.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the 1st embodiment ventilation fan motor electromagnetism basic structure schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is ventilation fan electromotor control circuit schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is ventilation fan of embodiment of the present invention motor by signal waveforms during counterclockwise turn to；
Fig. 4 is ventilation fan of embodiment of the present invention motor by signal waveforms during clockwise turn to；
Fig. 5 is that ventilation fan of embodiment of the present invention motor stops the signal waveforms before being powered；
Fig. 6 is the 2nd embodiment ventilation fan motor electromagnetism basic structure schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 7 is the main Visual figures of the basic mechanical structure of ventilation fan of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Ventilation fan of the embodiment of the present invention is described in the applicant's earlier application CN201510395121.5 Publication Specifications
Improve and form on the basis of embodiment.
The basic mechanical structure of ventilation fan of the embodiment of the present invention is as shown in fig. 7, its succession CN201510395121.5 is announced and said
Structure shown in Fig. 1 includes in bright book：
--- it is fixed on the motor 2 of casing；
--- the aial flow impeller 1 of the motor output shaft rotate counterclockwise is directly connected in, it has 4 blades；Press
Blast requirement, the number of blade can also be 3,5 or 6, but had better not be more than 8, and be as far as possible odd number piece, be made an uproar with reducing vibration
Sound.Impeller is injection molding, diameter 100mm.Impeller should not be bigger, and rotary inertia is preferably as far as possible small, to coordinate motor 2 still less
Big staring torque；
--- motor 2 is inner rotor motor, including stator 100 and p-m rotor 200.
The motor electromagnetism basic structure of 1st embodiment ventilation fan of the invention is as shown in figure 1, it is inherited
Structure shown in Fig. 2 includes in CN201510395121.5 Publication Specifications：
--- rotor 200, is that its section is divided into 4 symmetrical 90 ° of sectors with two orthogonal symmetry axis 400
And each radial magnetizing is N, S, N, S 4 pole p-m rotors；
--- stator 100 is made up of circular iron core 101 and winding 12 with 4 salient poles；Winding 12 is each in 4 salient poles
Around a coil part with Insulating frame, then by around to being connected in series as 4 poles, and thus produce wearing for 4 poles when being powered
The main flux of air gap more between rotor；
--- gradual change is narrowed the width of air gap in the counterclockwise direction between each salient pole of stator core 101 and rotor 200；Therefore exist
Free state be no power and without outer gas stream and rotational structure it is good in the case of, rotor 200 is attracted by stator core, respectively
The geometrical axis of pole is the permanent magnet flux axis 700,800 for passing through air gap between rotor respectively with the geometry of adjacent stators salient pole
Axis is that to pass through the main flux axis 500,600 of air gap between rotor be reference, one is deflected in the counterclockwise direction less sharp
Angle Ω.The present embodiment designs the mechanical angle for 5 ° (10 ° of electrical angle).The angle can change with the ratio that gradual change is narrowed, and shadow
Ring detent torque and efficiency.The design can avoid in a free state rotor stay in its axis and overlapped with the axis of stator salient poles
And making so-called " dead point " position that detent torque is zero during energization, the reluctance torque formed, which is also helped, prevents turning in operating
Son does not produce torque when alternating current zero passage and stalled；
Above-mentioned electromagnetic structure with described in CN201510395121.5 Publication Specifications as shown in its accompanying drawing 2 electromagnetic structure phase
Together.Being specifically designed for the present embodiment be：By experiment make winding 12 around to reach be passed through AC power bear half-wave when stator
The magnetic of 2 salient poles of 100 axis horizontals is S, and the magnetic of 2 vertical salient poles of axis is N, thus attracts rotor 200 to be in
The state that the magnetic for 2 pole-faces that the magnetic of 2 approximate horizontal pole-faces of axis is N and axis is substantially vertical is S.
1st embodiment ventilation fan electromotor control circuit of the invention is as shown in Fig. 2 mainly include：
--- bidirectional thyristor 4, its main electrode is connected with winding 12 to be followed by toward ac power supply terminal 5；
--- single-chip microcomputer 6, its output circuit 63 is access to two-way brilliant lock through conventional termination power (light occasionally transformer) 40
The trigger electrode 41 of pipe 4, is turned on, AC power half-wave voltage now is to start to put on if output pulse is triggering IGCT 4
Input winding 12 is until the half-wave zero passage terminates, with the voltage synchronous and delayed pulse current input winding 12.
--- the shaping circuit being made up of resistance 7 and diode 8,9 and 5V dc sources VDD, its input is access to exchange
Power supply terminal 5, output B in the polarity of voltage positive half-wave of ac power supply terminal 5 for 1 negative half-wave when be 0, and output B by 1 change
For 0 or i.e. AC supply voltage zero crossing at the time of be changed into 1 from 0.Output B is access to the input circuit 61 of single-chip microcomputer 6, provides it
AC power crossover point signal.
--- the bleeder circuit that the connection end of winding 12 and the main electrode of IGCT 4 is constituted through resistance 2 and resistance 3 is access to monolithic
The voltage when input circuit 62 of machine for the electric current of detection winding 12 is zero.Another termination of winding 12 is publicly.
Compared to controlling circuit as shown in its accompanying drawing 3 described in CN201510395121.5 Publication Specifications, control circuit master
If being that pre-determined bit is cancelled by the electric current of the detection winding 12 of input circuit 62 by the former, and input circuit 62 is changed to for controlling
Start voltage detecting of the accelerator to winding 12.
The plug-in of single-chip microcomputer 6 checks the level of input circuit 61,62 according to setting procedure, through measuring, comparing, differentiate,
The pulse of triggering IGCT 4 is exported by output circuit 63.
1st embodiment motor of the invention by turning to each signal waveform as shown in figure 3, by turning to each letter clockwise counterclockwise
Number waveform is as shown in figure 4, to stop each signal waveform before being powered as shown in Figure 5：
--- 51 be the voltage waveform of ac power supply terminal 5；
--- 52 be the waveform that shaping circuit exports B；
--- 534~536 be the waveform of the voltage on winding 12, including AC power applies electricity when sum current is zero
Corrugating；
--- 54f~h is the waveform of the electric current of winding 12；
--- 554~556 be the voltage pulse waveforms that the output circuit 63 of single-chip microcomputer 6 is exported to the trigger electrode 41 of IGCT 4.
1st embodiment ventilation fan motor of the invention is specifically designed as shown in Figure 1：Winding 12 is passed through AC power and bears half-wave
It is S in the magnetic of 2 salient poles of axis horizontal to make stator 100, and the magnetic of 2 vertical salient poles of axis is N, thus attracts rotor
The state that the magnetic of 200 2 pole-faces that the magnetic in 2 approximate horizontal pole-faces of axis is N and axis is substantially vertical is S.
Thus, the magnetic field for being passed through the generation of AC power positive half-wave is degaussing to the magnetic of above-mentioned polarity.The journey as built in this design single-chip microcomputer 6
The rate-determining steps of ordered pair motor starting are as follows：
(1) the control process such as Fig. 3 started by turning to counterclockwise, the output circuit 63 of single-chip microcomputer 6 are made a reservation for：
--- exporting multiple voltage pulse k1, k2 etc. to the trigger electrode 41 of IGCT 4 first turns on IGCT 4, makes friendship
Stream power supply is turned on half-wave voltage v1~v2 with negative polarity and puts on the generation pulsating direct current electric current of winding 12 i1~i2 entirely, to strengthen magnetic
Property, then, motor starts to start,
--- since the 1st positive zero crossing of AC power hereafter, be delayed trigger electrodes of the π of electrical angle 3/4 to IGCT 4
41 output voltage pulse k3 turn on IGCT 4, make AC power with the π defect sinusoidal half-wave voltages v3 of the positive polarity angle of flow 1/4
Put on winding 12 and produce electric current i3, then,
--- since the 2nd positive zero crossing of AC power, the delay π of electrical angle 5/9 is exported to the trigger electrode 41 of IGCT 4
Voltage pulse k4 turns on IGCT 4, AC power is put on the π defect sinusoidal half-wave voltages v4 of the positive polarity angle of flow 4/9
Winding 12, produces the electric current i4 increased than i3, then,
--- since the 3rd positive zero crossing of AC power, the delay π of electrical angle 1/4 is exported to the trigger electrode 41 of IGCT 4
Voltage pulse k5 turns on IGCT 4, AC power is put on the π defect sinusoidal half-wave voltages v5 of the positive polarity angle of flow 3/4
Winding 12, produces the electric current i5 increased than i4.
Above-mentioned AC power puts on the angle of flow and electric current the half-wave increase, produced magnetic field one by one of the positive polarity of winding 12
The accelerating torque counterclockwise of rotor 200 is driven, the input circuit 64 of single-chip microcomputer detects voltage e3 of the winding 12 when electric current is zero
Also half-wave increases~e5 one by one, until when electric current i5 reverts to zero, the value for detecting e5 in point G is more than setting, single-chip microcomputer 6
Voltage pulse k6~k8 that output circuit 63 is exported to the trigger electrode 41 of IGCT 4 is changed to send out at the time of following condition is met
Go out：
--- the polarity of the voltage when polarity of supply voltage, winding current are zero and the rate of change of the current versus time
Polarity is identical.
For the sake of to be reliable, generally can also increase following two conditions or its one of：
--- the voltage when electric current of winding 12 is zero is in prescribed limit；
--- the moment is in the stipulated time is interval.
The visible each half-wave voltage v6~v8 for putting on winding 12 and electric current i6~i8 and winding 12 electric current are in Fig. 3
The waveform of voltage e6~e8 when zero, now the rotating speed of rotor 200 generally continue to rise.
The accumulative conducting for meeting above-mentioned condition reaches stipulated number, triggering from the output circuit 63 of single-chip microcomputer 6 to IGCT 4
The voltage pulse kt that pole 41 is exported is changed to send by the control condition of synchronous operation, and with synchronous complete or defect half-sinusoid
Voltage vt puts on winding 12, produces synchronous operation electric current it.The control condition generally also includes：The polarity of supply voltage, around
The polarity of voltage when group electric current is zero is identical with the polarity of the rate of change of the current versus time, can also add to obtain best effective
Rate or the closed loop feedback control for adapting to power-supply fluctuation.
It is simplified compared to reality based on map sheet shown in Fig. 3, for example：
--- initial pulsating direct current electric current only has 2 half-waves, actual for the sake of reliable, can again more than several；
--- thereafter, apply the positive polarity electric current increased one by one and there was only 3, the actual electric current number is generally relatively more, right
It is especially needed when rotor and larger load rotating inertia；
--- it is last, add up qualified conducting and enter synchronous operation control for only 3 times, actual frequency also will it is many very
It is many, it is stable into synchronous operation to ensure.
(2) the control process such as Fig. 4 started by turning to clockwise, the output circuit 63 of single-chip microcomputer 6 are made a reservation for：
--- exporting multiple voltage pulse k1, k2 etc. to the trigger electrode 41 of IGCT 4 first turns on IGCT 4, makes friendship
Stream power supply is turned on half-wave voltage v1~v2 with negative polarity and puts on the generation pulsating direct current electric current of winding 12 i1~i2 entirely, to strengthen magnetic
Property, then, motor starts to start,
--- since the 1st negative zero crossing of AC power hereafter, be delayed trigger electrodes of the π of electrical angle 3/4 to IGCT 4
41 output voltage pulse k3 turn on IGCT 4, make AC power with the π defect sinusoidal half-wave voltages v3 of the negative polarity angle of flow 1/4
Put on winding 12 and produce electric current i3, then,
--- since the 2nd negative zero crossing of AC power, the delay π of electrical angle 5/9 is exported to the trigger electrode 41 of IGCT 4
Voltage pulse k4 turns on IGCT 4, AC power is applied with the π of the negative polarity angle of flow 4/9 defect sinusoidal half-wave voltage v4
In winding 12, the electric current i4 increased than i3 is produced, then,
--- since the 3rd negative zero crossing of AC power, the delay π of electrical angle 1/4 is exported to the trigger electrode 41 of IGCT 4
Voltage pulse k5 turns on IGCT 4, AC power is applied with the π of the negative polarity angle of flow 3/4 defect sinusoidal half-wave voltage v5
In winding 12, the electric current i5 increased than i4 is produced.
Above-mentioned AC power puts on the angle of flow and electric current the half-wave increase, produced magnetic field one by one of the negative polarity of winding 12
Drive the accelerating torque of rotor 200, the input circuit 64 of single-chip microcomputer detects voltage of the winding 12 when electric current is zero also one by one half
Ripple increases, when electric current i5 reverts to zero, and the voltage for detecting winding 12 is more than setting, the output of single-chip microcomputer 6 in the value of G points
Trigger electrode 41 from circuit 63 to IGCT 4 export voltage pulse k6~k8 be changed to before meeting condition described in (1) when
Quarter sends.Thereafter situation is substantially as before described in (1).
The startings of two kinds of above steering make AC power turn on half-wave voltage v1~v2 entirely with negative polarity to put on first
Winding 12 produces pulsating direct current electric current i1~i2, to strengthen magnetic.When the remanent magnetism of stator is enough, the process can be omitted.
The plug-in of single-chip microcomputer 6 also includes ventilation fan and stops the preceding rate-determining steps to motor that are powered, as shown in figure 5, single
The output circuit 63 of piece machine 6：
--- before ventilation fan power-off signal is sent, the voltage pulse kt exported to the trigger electrode 41 of IGCT 4 is by foregoing same
The control condition of step operation is sent, and puts on winding 12 with synchronous complete or defect sinusoidal half-wave voltage vt, is produced synchronous
Running current it；
--- after single-chip microcomputer 6 receives cut-offing instruction, the voltage pulse kt sent by synchronous operation control condition stops,
Stop synchronous complete or defect sinusoidal half-wave voltage vt and synchronous operation electric current it；
--- it is changed to export multiple voltage pulse k1 ', k2 ', k3 ', k4 ' ... to the trigger electrode 41 of IGCT 4, makes brilliant lock
Pipe 4 is turned on, and AC power is turned on half-wave voltage v1 ', v2 ', v3 ', v4 ' ... entirely with negative polarity and is put on the generation arteries and veins of winding 12
Dynamic DC current i1 ', i2 ', i3 ', i4 ' ..., make stator core produce the magnetization of polarity as shown in Figure 1, then power off, stator
The remanent magnetism of iron core maintains polarity as shown in Figure 1, is used when restarting for next time.
2nd embodiment ventilation fan motor electromagnetic structure of the invention is as shown in fig. 6, it compares the 1st embodiment as shown in Figure 1
The difference of ventilation fan motor electromagnetic structure is：
--- the salient pole front end face that stator core is located on the left of axis horizontal fixes a S poles towards rotor below axis
200 bar permanent magnet 900, its magnetic for attracting rotor 200 to be in 2 approximate horizontal pole-faces of axis is that N and axis are big
The state that the magnetic for causing 2 vertical pole-faces is S.Because bar permanent magnet 900 is located at below stator core horizontal axis, because
And it is respectively ginseng with the main flux axis 500,600 of adjacent stators salient pole to attract the permanent magnet flux axis 700,800 of rotor 200
According to it is to start angle to deflect a less acute angle Ω in the counterclockwise direction.Thus even air gap rather than implementation are designed as between rotor
The non-homogeneous air gap of example 1.
The present embodiment only sets permanent magnet in the pole of stator one, and its tangible other pole can also similarly set fixed to strengthen
Position.
The control principle of 2nd embodiment ventilation fan of the invention is identical with the 1st embodiment.
Further, it is also possible to there is following design to change：
--- the number of poles of motor stator and rotor may be designed in 6 poles or 8 poles.Because of synchronous rotational speed reduction, the maximum of impeller
Diameter can accordingly increase：Number of poles is 6 poles, and impeller diameter is not more than 130mm；Number of poles is 8 poles, and impeller diameter is not more than 150mm；
If --- ventilation fan be used for directly to outdoor exhaust, be preferably designed as standard GB/T 14806 described in covering and partition type change
Gas is fanned, for example, set the sideboard of wind pressure type, electrodynamic type or linkage type described in the standard in the air stream outlet of ventilation fan casing
Or shutter.The design coordinates motor still less big staring torque, and the sideboard or shutter are operated in ventilation fan
Shi Zhangkai, is closed during stopping, can avoiding the rotor of impeller reversion motor by outside reversely air stream drives before starting, so that shadow
Ring pre-determined bit.
--- impeller is also designed to turn clockwise, and only needs in design according to description before by used term
" counterclockwise " is changed to " clockwise "；
In addition, it is suitable for the ventilation fan of centrifugal fan structure, but the rotary inertia of receded disk impeller is big
In aial flow impeller, its diameter preferably selects more relatively smaller.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of permasyn motor direct connects the low-power ventilating fan of driving, including：
--- the impeller of the injection molding rotated according to predetermined direction；
--- the motor of the direct drive impeller, the winding of motor stator is by regulation around to being access to AC power；It is electronic
Machine rotor is p-m rotor, and its number of poles is identical with the number of poles of stator, and in a free state, the axis of each pole of rotor near
The pole of stator one axis be reference, along setting direction of rotation deflect a sharp angle；
--- with one switch, AC power through winding power from the switch to motor stator；
--- with a control circuit, switched on-off described in control；
It is characterized in that：
--- the number of poles of motor stator is 4 poles, and impeller diameter is not more than 100mm；Or the number of poles of motor stator is 6 poles,
Impeller diameter is not more than 130mm；Or the number of poles of motor stator is 8 poles, impeller diameter is not more than 150mm；
--- control circuit；Including detection circuit and plug-in, the plug-in contains to be opened as described in the signal driving detected
Close with control the AC power toward the winding be powered the step of；
--- the magnetic of specified polarity is presented in the ventilation fan prestart, the pole-face of stator core one.
2. according to ventilation fan described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Between the stator and rotor the width of air gap in it is each extremely under
Narrowed along the circumferencial direction of setting, the stator winding is passed through the DC current for producing specified polarity magnetic before energization terminates.
3. according to ventilation fan described in claim 2, it is characterised in that the switch is bidirectional thyristor, and it is before energization terminates
Be triggered one-way conduction of the control for the DC current.
4. according to ventilation fan described in claim 1, it is characterised in that install and presented towards rotor surface in the stator core pole
The permanent magnet of the specified polarity magnetic.
5. according to ventilation fan described in claim 4, it is characterised in that：The permanent magnet is installed on circumferencial direction in the stator pole should
The side of pole axis line.
6. according to any one of Claims 1 to 5 ventilation fan, it is characterised in that：The predetermined circle by the setting of the ventilation fan
Circumferential direction rotates, and in its starting process, the step includes：
--- be powered toward the winding to the mains half-wave that the magnetic of the iron core specified polarity is degaussing, with provide phase shifting angle by
Individual half-wave conducting, and half-wave is reduced phase shifting angle one by one；
--- during this period, voltage when measurement winding current is zero, after the voltage reaches setting, to institute's polarized thereafter
Mains half-wave immediately begun at the time of following condition is met conducting；
--- the polarity of the voltage when polarity of the supply voltage, winding current are zero and the rate of change of the current versus time
Polarity is identical；
Or conducting is immediately begun at the time of meeting following condition at the same time：
A) pole of the polarity of the voltage when polarity of the supply voltage, winding current are zero and the rate of change of the current versus time
Property is identical；
B) voltage when winding current is zero is in prescribed limit；
C) moment is interval in the stipulated time；
The accumulative conducting for meeting above-mentioned condition reaches stipulated number, and the motor enters synchronous operation and controlled.
7. according to any one of Claims 1 to 5 ventilation fan, it is characterised in that：The predetermined circle by the setting of the ventilation fan
The opposite direction rotation of circumferential direction, in its starting process, the step includes：
--- be powered toward the winding to the magnetic of the iron core specified polarity to increase the mains half-wave of magnetic, with provide phase shifting angle by
Individual half-wave conducting, and half-wave is reduced phase shifting angle one by one；
--- during this period, voltage when measurement winding current is zero, after the voltage reaches setting, to institute's polarized thereafter
Mains half-wave immediately begun at the time of following condition is met conducting；
--- the polarity of the voltage when polarity of the supply voltage, winding current are zero and the rate of change of the current versus time
Polarity is identical；
Or conducting is immediately begun at the time of meeting following condition at the same time：
A) pole of the polarity of the voltage when polarity of the supply voltage, winding current are zero and the rate of change of the current versus time
Property is identical；
B) voltage when winding current is zero is in prescribed limit；
C) moment is interval in the stipulated time；
The accumulative conducting for meeting above-mentioned condition reaches stipulated number, and the motor enters synchronous operation and controlled.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710558493.4A CN107165843A (en) | 2017-07-10 | 2017-07-10 | A kind of permasyn motor direct connects the low-power ventilating fan of driving |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710558493.4A CN107165843A (en) | 2017-07-10 | 2017-07-10 | A kind of permasyn motor direct connects the low-power ventilating fan of driving |
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| CN201710558493.4A Pending CN107165843A (en) | 2017-07-10 | 2017-07-10 | A kind of permasyn motor direct connects the low-power ventilating fan of driving |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111327177A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-06-23 | 李盈念 | Layer-fixed double-rotation and multilayer multi-rotation strong magnetic direct current power machine |
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