CN107165770B - Pumped storage power station unit starting transient monitoring and safety evaluation system and method - Google Patents

Pumped storage power station unit starting transient monitoring and safety evaluation system and method Download PDF

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CN107165770B
CN107165770B CN201710364844.8A CN201710364844A CN107165770B CN 107165770 B CN107165770 B CN 107165770B CN 201710364844 A CN201710364844 A CN 201710364844A CN 107165770 B CN107165770 B CN 107165770B
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transient
unit
monitoring
data
current
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CN107165770A (en
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李晓明
李晶
刘振盛
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Wuhan University WHU
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Wuhan University WHU
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/06—Stations or aggregates of water-storage type, e.g. comprising a turbine and a pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
    • F03B11/008—Measuring or testing arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B15/00—Controlling
    • F03B15/005—Starting, also of pump-turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02P90/50—Energy storage in industry with an added climate change mitigation effect

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a pumped storage power station unit starting transient state monitoring and safety evaluation system and method. The system comprises a transient monitoring data acquisition signal system, a transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal, a communication network and a centralized transient monitoring and safety assessment workstation; firstly, adding a transient monitoring intelligent terminal at a corresponding position, and synchronously acquiring electrical and physical quantities such as a power grid and a unit by data; the transient monitoring intelligent terminal performs preprocessing and transient characteristic extraction on the collected electro-physical quantity; then, uploading the transient characteristics and other necessary information of the transient monitoring intelligent terminal to a centralized transient monitoring and safety assessment workstation; and finally, performing transient monitoring and safety evaluation on the starting process of each unit by using a time domain analysis method and unit starting safety indexes in the centralized transient monitoring and safety evaluation workstation. The invention can monitor the change rule of the electrical physical quantity of each unit in the starting process along with time and frequency in real time and carry out safety evaluation on the starting process of each unit.

Description

Pumped storage power station unit starting transient monitoring and safety evaluation system and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of full utilization of electric energy, in particular to a system and a method for monitoring the starting transient state and evaluating the safety of a pumped storage power station unit.
Background
The pumped storage power station is a special form of hydroelectric power station which uses a certain amount of water as a carrier and provides electric energy to a power system through energy conversion. The power supply is different from a conventional power supply in that the power supply has two working conditions of a water pump and a hydraulic generator, works in a water pump state at the time of a power load valley, and pumps water in a lower reservoir to an upper reservoir by utilizing surplus electric quantity to be supplied by a power system to be stored in a potential energy mode; when the load peak of the power system or the condition such as an accident needs power supply, the power system works in the state of the hydraulic generator, generates power and sends the power to the power system, relieves the power utilization pressure and plays a role in peak regulation. Therefore, the pumped storage power station is a power consumer which absorbs off-peak electric energy and is a hydropower station which provides peak load electric power. In addition, due to the characteristics of the pumped storage generator set, the pumped storage generator set has the characteristics of quick start and stop, quick working condition conversion, quick load increase and load reduction, flexible and reliable operation, low forced outage rate and strong load tracking capacity, is suitable for bearing the frequency modulation, emergency standby and load standby of a power system, is a good rotary standby power supply, is a pumped storage power station close to a load center area, and can also be used for phase modulation operation, balancing the reactive power of the system, stabilizing the voltage of the area and improving the operation reliability of a power grid.
Transient state monitoring and safety evaluation are needed to be carried out on the pumped storage power station unit starting process because the pumped storage unit cannot be normally started when the deviation of the service voltage exceeds the standard, the total distortion rate of the harmonic voltage or the current exceeds the standard, the excitation voltage or the current is abnormal, the starting device works abnormally, and other factors influencing the normal starting of the unit occur in the pumped storage starting process.
The implementation of the invention can realize the transient monitoring and safety evaluation of the starting process of each unit of the pumped storage power station. Compared with the existing steady-state monitoring technology, the method is not influenced by frequency change, can monitor the change rule of the electrical physical quantity of each unit in the starting process along with time and frequency in real time, carries out safety evaluation on the starting process of each unit, and provides technical guarantee for safe and economic operation of the unit starting process of the pumped storage power station. Therefore, the economic benefit of the pumped storage power station and the social benefit of peak clipping and valley leveling are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a system and a method for transient state monitoring and safety evaluation of unit starting of a pumped storage power station, and aims to perform transient state monitoring on the operation conditions of a power grid, a unit, an excitation system, a starting device and a plant power system in the starting process of each unit of the pumped storage power station, perform safety evaluation on unit starting and ensure that the success rate of unit starting is improved.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
the utility model provides a pumped storage power station unit starts transient state monitoring and safety assessment system which characterized in that includes:
transient state monitoring data acquisition signal system: the system comprises a signal conversion circuit, a transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal, a power grid, a unit, an excitation system, a starting device, a secondary side of an alternating current voltage transformer and a current transformer of a station power system, and output signals of a direct current voltage sensor and a direct current sensor of a direct current loop of the excitation system, wherein the output signals are converted into standard voltage and current signals through the signal conversion circuit;
transient state monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal: receiving signals which are transmitted by a transmission cable and processed by a transient monitoring data acquisition signal system, and performing data processing and transient characteristic extraction on the signals;
communication network: the transient monitoring system is used for transmitting signals subjected to data processing and transient characteristic extraction of the transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal;
centralized transient monitoring and safety assessment workstation: and receiving signals transmitted through a communication network, and performing pumped storage power station unit starting transient state monitoring and safety evaluation according to application requirements.
In the above pumped storage power station unit startup transient monitoring and safety evaluation system, the transient monitoring data acquisition signal system (10) includes a voltage transformer and a current transformer for monitoring alternating voltage and current of a power grid, the unit, an excitation system, a startup device, and a plant power system; the voltage sensor and the current sensor are used for monitoring the direct-current voltage and the direct-current of the direct-current loop of the excitation system; the signal conversion circuit is connected with the voltage transformer and the current transformer simultaneously; based on a transmission cable connected to the signal conversion circuit.
In the above pumped storage power station unit starting transient monitoring and safety evaluation system, the transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal (20) comprises a synchronous data acquisition unit, an electrophysical quantity preprocessing unit, a transient characteristic extraction unit and a data transmission control unit which are sequentially connected, and a mass data access unit is simultaneously connected with the electrophysical quantity preprocessing unit and the transient characteristic extraction unit; all units are mutually matched to realize the functions of transient monitoring data acquisition, access, processing, transient characteristic extraction and data communication.
In the above transient monitoring and safety evaluating system for starting pumped storage power station units, the communication network (30) includes a communication interface and a conversion device with the transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal (20), a communication interface and a conversion device with the centralized transient monitoring and safety evaluating workstation (40), a communication cable or optical cable, and a network safety device.
In the above-mentioned pumped storage power station unit startup transient monitoring and safety evaluation system, the centralized transient monitoring and safety evaluation workstation (40) comprises
A data communication workstation: comprises a data communication unit for data communication;
a data server: the system is used for data storage, data processing, database and management;
engineer workstation: the system comprises a transient state monitoring unit, a safety evaluation unit, a fault alarm unit, a system maintenance unit and a man-machine interaction unit.
A pumped storage power station unit starting transient state monitoring and safety assessment method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, adding transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminals to each unit, an excitation system and a starting device of a pumped storage power station;
step 2, acquiring the electrical physical quantities of the power grid, the unit, the excitation system, the starting device and the station service power system in high speed, real time, high precision and synchronous data through the transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal
Step 3, the transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal performs preprocessing and transient characteristic extraction on the acquired electro-physical quantity;
step 4, uploading the transient characteristics and other necessary information of the transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal to a centralized transient monitoring and safety evaluation workstation by adopting a mass data light transmission method and a communication network;
and 5, performing transient monitoring and safety evaluation on the starting process of each unit by the centralized transient monitoring and safety evaluation workstation by adopting a time domain analysis method and unit starting safety evaluation indexes.
In the above method for monitoring the starting transient state and evaluating the safety of the pumped storage power station unit, the specific method in the step 1 is as follows: the input end of the transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal is connected with the power grid, the unit, the excitation system, the starting device, the secondary sides of a voltage transformer and a current transformer of the plant power system and the output ends of a direct current voltage sensor and a direct current sensor of a direct current loop of the excitation system; the output end of the transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal is connected with a communication network through communication equipment.
In the above method for monitoring and evaluating the starting transient state of the pumped storage power station unit, in step 2, the electrical physical quantity includes collecting power frequency alternating current voltage and current of a power grid, the unit, an excitation system, a starting device and a plant power system, direct current voltage and current of the excitation system, and non-periodic alternating voltage and current of a variable frequency starting device; the sampling speed and the digital-to-analog conversion precision of data acquisition meet the requirements of transient detection and safety evaluation in the starting process of the unit; the data acquisition sources are a voltage transformer and a current transformer of each AC sampling object, and a DC voltage sensor and a DC current sensor of a DC loop of an excitation system.
In the above method for monitoring the starting transient state and evaluating the safety of the pumped storage power station unit, in step 3, the preprocessing includes: the synchronism, accuracy, anti-interference, out-of-limit protection and analog-to-digital conversion of the acquisition circuit; microprocessor input and output interfaces, a microprocessor communication interface; filtering, real-time, validity, authenticity, integrity, preservability, transferability and queryability processing of the sampled data;
the transient feature extraction includes: transient electrical parameter extraction, including calculating transient voltage effective value, transient current effective value, transient active power, transient reactive power and transient power factor of any time containing non-periodic alternating current, direct current, monotonous/exponential decay or rising amount; transient process parameter extraction, including calculating the time and amplitude change values of the voltage and the current from the transient state to the steady state under the conditions; other necessary information required by the application requirements, such as: out-of-limit, exception and fault information;
the electric physical quantity and the transient characteristic which are subjected to preprocessing are extracted, and then transient electric parameters, transient process parameters and other necessary information required by application requirements are added with a time scale and then stored in a memory so as to be convenient for query and upload;
the time scale is selected to meet the regulations and specification requirements associated with actual applications or real-time data acquisition.
In the above method for monitoring the starting transient state and evaluating the safety of the pumped storage power station unit, the specific method in the step 4 is as follows: transient state electrical parameters with time marks, transient state process parameters and other necessary information required by application requirements of the transient state monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal are uploaded to a centralized transient state monitoring and safety evaluation workstation through a communication network in a timing, calling or interrupt transmission mode, and are stored in a database designated by the transient state monitoring and safety evaluation workstation so as to facilitate transient state monitoring and safety evaluation.
In the method for monitoring the starting transient state and evaluating the safety of the pumped storage power station unit, in step 5, the time domain analysis method defines real-time collected data of any voltage and current change rule to determine the real-time collected data as corresponding real-time instantaneous values of the voltage and the current; determining the transient effective values of the voltage and the current according to the root mean square values of the voltage and the current in a selected time period; the integral of the product of the voltage and the current to the time in a selected time period is averaged to determine the transient equivalent active power; determining transient equivalent apparent power by the product of the voltage and the current transient effective value in a selected time period; determining a transient equivalent power factor according to the ratio of the transient equivalent active power to the transient equivalent apparent power in a selected time period;
the unit starting safety evaluation index comprises the probability that the unit cannot be normally started due to the fact that station service voltage deviation exceeds the standard, the total distortion rate of harmonic voltage or current exceeds the standard, excitation voltage or current is abnormal, a starting device works abnormally, and other factors influencing the normal starting of the unit occur;
the centralized transient monitoring and safety evaluation workstation comprises a data communication unit, a database and management system, a control unit, a transient monitoring unit, a safety evaluation unit, a fault alarm unit, a system maintenance unit and a man-machine interaction unit;
the data communication unit acquires data required by transient monitoring and safety evaluation from the transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal according to the application requirements of the control unit, or receives data sent from the transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal through an interrupt request and stores the data in a specified database so as to facilitate the use of transient monitoring and safety evaluation;
the database and management system performs data communication, data storage, data processing, data operation, data query, data maintenance, data modification and data updating operation on the data acquired and received by the data communication unit according to the application requirements of the control unit;
the control unit controls the data communication unit, the database and management system, the transient monitoring unit, the safety evaluation unit, the fault alarm unit and the system maintenance unit according to application requirements through the man-machine interaction unit to realize corresponding functions;
transient state monitoring unit sets up the transient state operating mode monitoring function of electric wire netting, unit, excitation system, starting drive and station service system in the unit start-up process, promptly: monitoring the alternating current frequency, the real-time instantaneous values and the transient effective values of the voltage and the current, the transient equivalent active power, the reactive power, the apparent power and the power factor as well as the change rule of the direct current voltage and the current along with the time, and displaying the change rule by data and curves; a historical data query function; an out-of-limit alarm function; a fault diagnosis function;
the safety evaluation unit evaluates the safety of unit starting according to the real-time and historical data of unit starting safety evaluation indexes, and defines that the unit can be safely started when the probability that the unit cannot be normally started is 50% lower than the unit starting success rate evaluation index; when the probability that the unit cannot be normally started is greater than 50% of the unit starting success rate assessment index and is less than 80% of the unit starting success rate assessment index, the unit is defined to be started more safely; when the probability that the unit cannot be normally started is greater than 80% of the unit starting success rate assessment index and is less than or equal to 100% of the unit starting success rate assessment index, defining that potential safety hazards exist in unit starting; when the probability that the unit cannot be started normally is greater than the unit starting success rate check index, the unit cannot be started safely;
the safety evaluation unit sets the display and query functions of real-time data and historical data of a set starting safety evaluation index; the unit starts a safety evaluation analysis function, and when potential safety hazards exist, a safety evaluation unit sends alarm information and proposes a measure suggestion for eliminating the potential safety hazards;
the fault alarm unit sends sound and character alarm information to prompt fault types, names, places, time and processing measures according to fault information acquired from the transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal and self-checking fault information of the centralized transient monitoring and safety assessment workstation;
the system maintenance unit sets data backup, data updating, system recovery, parameter setting and function setting functions;
the man-machine interaction unit is provided with a keyboard, a mouse, a data input/output interface and a display function.
In the prior art, a frequency domain analysis method is usually adopted to perform frequency domain analysis on the acquired physical quantity, and the method is applied to occasions of steady-state analysis. The frequency domain analysis method is not suitable for frequency conversion systems and non-periodic alternating current systems.
Compared with the existing monitoring system, the system has the following technical characteristics and functions: 1. high-speed synchronous data acquisition, time domain analysis and real-time display function: and synchronously acquiring transient voltage and transient current waveforms with different frequencies in the starting process of each unit, the excitation system and the variable frequency starting device SFC at a high speed. 2. Transient state monitoring intelligent terminal's transient state component characteristic draws function: extracting transient characteristics of each unit, an excitation system and a frequency conversion starting device SFC in the starting process, comprising the following steps: transient extreme values, time constants, attenuation coefficients and transient oscillation periods; voltage dips or voltage rises, etc. 3. The light transmission and storage functions of mass real-time data are as follows: massive real-time full-information data in the starting process of each unit, an excitation system and a frequency conversion starting device SFC are sampled and stored in an intelligent terminal (on-line monitoring equipment), and through characteristic extraction, characteristic data are transmitted to a centralized control room in a light mode and stored in main station equipment (real-time analysis and safety evaluation equipment). 4. The pumped storage unit starts the on-line monitoring of transient process and real-time analysis function: providing real-time display (waveform and data) of transient working conditions in the starting process of each unit, an excitation system and a frequency conversion starting device SFC; and (4) out-of-limit alarm and early warning prompt of operating parameters such as voltage, current, power and the like. 5. The safety assessment function of the pumped storage unit in the starting process is as follows: completing the starting success rate recording and analysis; starting failure reason analysis; selecting and calculating safety evaluation indexes in the starting process of the unit; and evaluating the safety of the unit starting process and the like.
The transient state electrical parameter and the transient state process parameter in the starting process of the pumped storage power station unit can be accurately monitored and calculated by adopting a time domain analysis method. The method is not influenced by frequency change, monitors the change rule of the electrical physical quantity of each unit in the starting process along with time and frequency in real time, carries out safety evaluation on the starting process of each unit, and is used for online monitoring of the starting transient process of the units of the pumped storage power station, a safety evaluation system and the starting process of variable-frequency dragging high-power electric equipment; the method is popularized and applied to the on-line monitoring of the starting or working condition conversion transient process of the frequency modulation peak shaving unit, the on-line monitoring of the starting transient process of various power plant units, and the on-line monitoring of the electric energy quality and the operating condition transient process of a power grid and a power supply and utilization system. The method has the function of improving the operation management level, the equipment maintenance level and the enterprise economic benefit. The method provides technical support for safe and economic operation of the pumped storage power station unit starting process and the variable-frequency dragging high-power electric equipment starting process. Therefore, the economic benefit of the pumped storage power station and the social benefit of peak clipping and valley leveling are improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method to which the present invention relates.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of the overall system architecture of an embodiment of the system to which the present invention relates.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a centralized transient monitoring and security assessment workstation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a system connection diagram of the simplest embodiment of the system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:
pumped storage power station unit starting transient state monitoring and safety assessment method
The flow chart of the pumped storage power station unit starting transient state monitoring and safety evaluation method is shown in fig. 1, and as can be seen from fig. 1:
1. step one, adding transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminals 1 on each unit, the excitation system and the starting device of the pumped storage power station:
the input end of the transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal is connected with the power grid, the unit, the excitation system, the starting device, the secondary sides of a voltage transformer and a current transformer of the plant power system and the output ends of a direct current voltage sensor and a direct current sensor of a direct current loop of the excitation system; the output end of the transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal is connected with a communication network through communication equipment.
2. Step two, acquiring the electrical physical quantity 2 of the power grid, the unit, the excitation system, the starting device and the station service power system in high speed, real time, high precision and synchronous data through the transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal:
the electro-physical quantity comprises the power frequency alternating voltage and current of a power grid, a unit, an excitation system, a starting device and a station service system, the direct current voltage and current of the excitation system, and the non-periodic alternating voltage and current of a variable frequency starting device. The sampling speed and the digital-to-analog conversion precision of data acquisition meet the requirements of transient detection and safety evaluation in the starting process of the unit. The data acquisition sources are a voltage transformer and a current transformer of each AC sampling object, and a DC voltage sensor and a DC current sensor of a DC loop of an excitation system.
3. And step three, the transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal performs preprocessing and transient characteristic extraction on the acquired electro-physical quantity 3:
the preprocessing comprises the following steps: the synchronism, accuracy, anti-interference, out-of-limit protection and analog-to-digital conversion of the acquisition circuit; microprocessor input and output interfaces, a microprocessor communication interface; filtering, real-time, validity, authenticity, integrity, preservability, transferability, queryability, etc. of the sampled data.
The transient feature extraction includes: transient electrical parameter extraction, namely: transient state electrical parameters including non-periodic alternating current, direct current, monotonic/exponential decay or rising amount at any time, such as transient state voltage effective value, transient state current effective value, transient state active power, transient state reactive power, transient state power factor and the like are calculated; transient process parameter extraction, namely: calculating transient process parameters such as time and amplitude change values of the voltage and the current from a transient state to a steady state under the conditions; other necessary information required by the application requirements, such as: out-of-limit, exception, and fault information.
And (3) adding time scales to transient electrical parameters, transient process parameters and other necessary information required by application requirements after the electrical physical quantity and the transient characteristics are extracted after preprocessing, and storing the parameters and the other necessary information in a memory so as to inquire and upload.
The time scale is selected to meet the regulations and specification requirements associated with actual applications or real-time data acquisition.
4. And fourthly, uploading the transient characteristics and other necessary information of the transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal to a centralized transient monitoring and safety evaluation workstation 4 by adopting a mass data light transmission method and a communication network:
transient state electrical parameters with time marks, transient state process parameters and other necessary information required by application requirements of the transient state monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal are uploaded to a centralized transient state monitoring and safety evaluation workstation through a communication network optical fiber or a communication cable in a timing, calling or interrupt transmission mode, and are stored in a database designated by the transient state monitoring and safety evaluation workstation so as to facilitate transient state monitoring and safety evaluation.
5. And step five, carrying out transient monitoring and safety evaluation on the starting process of each unit by adopting a time domain analysis method and a unit starting safety evaluation index by the centralized transient monitoring and safety evaluation workstation 5:
the time domain analysis method defines real-time collected data of any voltage and current change rule to be determined as corresponding real-time instantaneous values of the voltage and the current; determining the transient effective values of the voltage and the current according to the root mean square values of the voltage and the current in a selected time period; the integral of the product of the voltage and the current to the time in a selected time period is averaged to determine the transient equivalent active power; determining transient equivalent apparent power by the product of the voltage and the current transient effective value in a selected time period; and determining the transient equivalent power factor according to the ratio of the transient equivalent active power to the transient equivalent apparent power in the selected time period.
The unit starting safety evaluation indexes comprise the probability that the unit cannot be normally started due to the fact that station service voltage deviation exceeds the standard, the total harmonic voltage or current distortion rate exceeds the standard, excitation voltage or current is abnormal, a starting device works abnormally, and other factors influencing the normal starting of the unit occur.
The centralized transient monitoring and safety evaluation workstation comprises a data communication unit, a database and management system, a control unit, a transient monitoring unit, a safety evaluation unit, a fault alarm unit, a system maintenance unit and a man-machine interaction unit.
The data communication unit acquires data required by transient monitoring and safety evaluation from the transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal according to the application requirements of the control unit, or receives data sent from the transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal through an interrupt request and stores the data in a specified database so as to facilitate the use of transient monitoring and safety evaluation.
The database and management system performs operations such as data communication, data storage, data processing, data operation, data query, data maintenance, data modification, data update and the like on the data acquired and received by the data communication unit according to the application requirements of the control unit.
The control unit controls the data communication unit, the database and management system, the transient monitoring unit, the safety evaluation unit, the fault alarm unit and the system maintenance unit according to application requirements through the man-machine interaction unit, and corresponding functions are realized.
Transient state monitoring unit sets up the transient state operating mode monitoring function of electric wire netting, unit, excitation system, starting drive and station service system in the unit start-up process, promptly: monitoring the alternating current frequency, the real-time instantaneous values and the transient effective values of the voltage and the current, the transient equivalent active power, the reactive power, the apparent power and the power factor as well as the change rule of the direct current voltage and the current along with the time, and displaying the change rule by data and curves; a historical data query function; an out-of-limit alarm function; and (4) a fault diagnosis function.
The safety evaluation unit evaluates the safety of unit starting according to the real-time and historical data of unit starting safety evaluation indexes, and defines that the unit can be safely started when the probability that the unit cannot be normally started is 50% lower than the unit starting success rate evaluation index; when the probability that the unit cannot be normally started is greater than 50% of the unit starting success rate assessment index and is less than 80% of the unit starting success rate assessment index, the unit is defined to be started more safely; when the probability that the unit cannot be normally started is greater than 80% of the unit starting success rate assessment index and is less than or equal to 100% of the unit starting success rate assessment index, defining that potential safety hazards exist in unit starting; and when the probability that the unit cannot be normally started is greater than the unit starting success rate check index, defining that the unit cannot be safely started.
The safety evaluation unit sets the display and query functions of real-time data and historical data of a set starting safety evaluation index; the unit starts a safety assessment analysis function, and when potential safety hazards exist, the safety assessment unit sends alarm information and provides a measure suggestion for eliminating the potential safety hazards.
The fault alarm unit sends sound and character alarm information to prompt fault types, names, places, time and processing measures according to fault information acquired from the transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal and self-checking fault information of the centralized transient monitoring and safety assessment workstation.
The system maintenance unit sets data backup, data update, system recovery, parameter setting and function setting functions.
Pumped storage power station unit starting transient state monitoring and safety evaluation system
1. General of
Referring to fig. 2, the system includes a transient monitoring data acquisition signal system 10, a transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal 20, a communication network 30, and a centralized transient monitoring and safety evaluation workstation 40.
The working principle is as follows: the transient monitoring data acquisition signal system 10 is connected to the output signals of the secondary sides of an alternating current voltage transformer and a current transformer of a power grid, a unit, an excitation system, a starting device, a station service system and a direct current voltage sensor and a current sensor of a direct current loop of the excitation system, then converts standard voltage and current signals into signals which can be received by the input end of the transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal 20 through a signal conversion circuit, and then transmits the signals to the input end of the transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal 20 through a transmission cable; after data processing and transient characteristic extraction of the transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal 20, the data is uploaded to a centralized transient monitoring and safety evaluation workstation 40 through a communication network 30, and the station performs transient monitoring and safety evaluation on the starting of the pumped storage power station set according to application requirements.
2. Sub-system
The transient monitoring data acquisition signal system 10 comprises a voltage transformer and a current transformer which are used for monitoring alternating current voltage and current of a power grid, a unit, an excitation system, a starting device and a station service power system; the voltage sensor and the current sensor are used for monitoring the direct-current voltage and the direct-current of the direct-current loop of the excitation system; signal conversion circuitry and transmission cables.
The transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal 20 comprises a high-speed, real-time, high-precision and synchronous data acquisition unit, a mass data access unit, an electro-physical quantity preprocessing unit, a transient characteristic extraction unit and a data transmission control unit. All units are mutually matched to realize the functions of transient monitoring data acquisition, access, processing, transient characteristic extraction and data communication.
The communication network 30 includes a communication interface and conversion device with the transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal 20, a communication interface and conversion device with the centralized transient monitoring and safety evaluation workstation 40, a communication cable or optical cable, and a network safety device.
The centralized transient monitoring and security assessment workstation 40 comprises a data communication workstation, implementing a data communication unit function; the data server realizes the functions of data storage, data processing, database and management system; and the engineer workstation realizes the functions of a transient monitoring unit, a safety evaluation unit, a fault alarm unit, a system maintenance unit and a human-computer interaction unit.
3. Principle of
Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a centralized transient monitoring and safety evaluation workstation according to an embodiment of the system of the present invention.
The control unit controls the data communication unit to acquire data required by transient monitoring and safety evaluation in real time or in a calling mode from the transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal and store the data in the database; the man-machine interaction unit operates the transient monitoring unit, the safety evaluation unit, the fault alarm unit and the system maintenance unit according to application requirements, performs data processing, updating, inquiring, calculating, analyzing and displaying through the controller and the data management system, and completes functions of transient monitoring, safety evaluation, fault alarm and system maintenance.
4. Simplest embodiment
The simplest embodiment of the system according to the invention is shown in fig. 4. The input of the n transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminals is respectively connected with the secondary sides of the alternating current voltage transformers and the outlet current transformers of the n unit ends and the output signals of the direct current voltage sensors and the current sensors of the direct current loop of the excitation system; the input connection of 1 transient state monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal inserts frequency conversion starting drive SFC's input power supply side, promptly: and the secondary sides of the alternating current voltage transformer and the current transformer of the station service power system are connected with each transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal 20 to the 1000M optical switch through a UTP5 network cable. After data processing and transient characteristic extraction of the transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal, the 1000M optical switch uploads the data of the transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal to the optical fiber transceiver/optical switch arranged in front of the centralized transient monitoring and safety assessment workstation 40 through a single mode/multimode optical cable, the data are transmitted to the centralized transient monitoring and safety assessment workstation 40 after photoelectric conversion, and the station starts transient monitoring and safety assessment of the pumped storage power station set according to application requirements.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any manner. Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make numerous possible variations and modifications to the present teachings, or modify equivalent embodiments to equivalent variations, without departing from the scope of the present teachings, using the methods and techniques disclosed above. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are still within the scope of the protection of the technical solution of the present invention, unless the contents of the technical solution of the present invention are departed.

Claims (9)

1. A pumped storage power station unit starting transient state monitoring and safety assessment method is characterized in that based on a pumped storage power station unit starting transient state monitoring and safety assessment system, the method comprises the following steps:
transient monitoring data acquisition signal system (10): the system comprises an AC voltage transformer, a current transformer, a signal conversion circuit, a transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal (20), a starting device, a power plant system, a power grid, a unit, an excitation system, a starting device, a secondary side of the AC voltage transformer and the current transformer of the power plant system, and output signals of a DC voltage sensor and a current sensor of a DC loop of the excitation system, wherein the output signals are converted into standard voltage and current signals through the signal conversion circuit into signals which can be received by an input end of the transient;
transient state monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal (20): receiving signals which are transmitted by a transmission cable and processed by a transient monitoring data acquisition signal system (10), and performing data processing and transient characteristic extraction on the signals;
communication network (30): the transient monitoring system is used for transmitting signals subjected to data processing and transient characteristic extraction of the transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal (20);
centralized transient monitoring and security assessment workstation (40): receiving signals transmitted through a communication network (30) and performing pumped storage power station unit starting transient state monitoring and safety evaluation according to application requirements;
the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, adding transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminals to each unit, an excitation system and a starting device of a pumped storage power station;
step 2, acquiring the electrical physical quantities of the power grid, the unit, the excitation system, the starting device and the station service power system in high speed, real time, high precision and synchronous data through the transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal
Step 3, the transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal performs preprocessing and transient characteristic extraction on the acquired electro-physical quantity; the preprocessing comprises the following steps: the synchronism, accuracy, anti-interference, out-of-limit protection and analog-to-digital conversion of the acquisition circuit; microprocessor input and output interfaces, a microprocessor communication interface; filtering, real-time, validity, authenticity, integrity, preservability, transferability and queryability processing of the sampled data;
the transient feature extraction includes: transient electrical parameter extraction, including calculating transient voltage effective value, transient current effective value, transient active power, transient reactive power and transient power factor of any time containing non-periodic alternating current, direct current, monotonous/exponential decay or rising amount; transient process parameter extraction, including calculating transient voltage effective value, transient current effective value, transient active power, transient reactive power and time and amplitude change value of voltage and current from transient to steady state under transient power factor, wherein any time contains non-periodic alternating current, direct current, monotone/exponential decay or rising amount;
adding a time scale to transient electrical parameters and transient process parameters which are extracted from the preprocessed electrical physical quantity and transient characteristics, and storing the transient electrical parameters and the transient process parameters into a memory so as to inquire and upload the parameters;
the selection of the time scale needs to meet the requirements of relevant regulations and specifications of actual application or real-time data acquisition;
step 4, uploading the transient characteristics of the transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal to a centralized transient monitoring and safety assessment workstation by adopting a mass data light transmission method and a communication network;
and 5, performing transient monitoring and safety evaluation on the starting process of each unit by the centralized transient monitoring and safety evaluation workstation by adopting a time domain analysis method and unit starting safety evaluation indexes.
2. The pumped storage power station unit startup transient monitoring and safety assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that the transient monitoring data acquisition signal system (10) comprises a voltage transformer and a current transformer for monitoring alternating voltage and current of a power grid, a unit, an excitation system, a startup device, a plant power system; the voltage sensor and the current sensor are used for monitoring the direct-current voltage and the direct-current of the direct-current loop of the excitation system; the signal conversion circuit is connected with the voltage transformer and the current transformer simultaneously; based on a transmission cable connected to the signal conversion circuit.
3. The pumped-storage power station unit startup transient monitoring and safety assessment method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the intelligent transient monitoring data acquisition terminal (20) comprises a synchronous data acquisition unit, an electro-physical quantity preprocessing unit, a transient characteristic extraction unit and a data transmission control unit which are sequentially connected, and a mass data access unit is simultaneously connected with the electro-physical quantity preprocessing unit and the transient characteristic extraction unit; all units are mutually matched to realize the functions of transient monitoring data acquisition, access, processing, transient characteristic extraction and data communication.
4. The pumped-storage power station unit startup transient monitoring and safety assessment method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the communication network (30) comprises a communication interface and conversion device with the transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal (20), a communication interface and conversion device with the centralized transient monitoring and safety evaluation workstation (40), a communication cable or optical cable and a network safety device.
5. The pumped-storage power station unit startup transient monitoring and safety assessment method according to claim 4, characterized in that: the centralized transient monitoring and safety assessment workstation (40) comprises
A data communication workstation: comprises a data communication unit for data communication;
a data server: the system is used for data storage, data processing, database and management;
engineer workstation: the system comprises a transient state monitoring unit, a safety evaluation unit, a fault alarm unit, a system maintenance unit and a man-machine interaction unit.
6. The pumped storage power station unit startup transient monitoring and safety assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that the specific method of step 1 is: the input end of the transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal is connected with the power grid, the unit, the excitation system, the starting device, the secondary sides of a voltage transformer and a current transformer of the plant power system and the output ends of a direct current voltage sensor and a direct current sensor of a direct current loop of the excitation system; the output end of the transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal is connected with a communication network through communication equipment.
7. The pumped storage power station unit starting transient state monitoring and safety assessment method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the electrical physical quantity comprises the collection of power frequency alternating current voltage and current of a power grid, a unit, an excitation system, a starting device and a plant power system, direct current voltage and current of the excitation system, and non-periodic alternating voltage and current of a variable frequency starting device; the sampling speed and the digital-to-analog conversion precision of data acquisition meet the requirements of transient detection and safety evaluation in the starting process of the unit; the data acquisition sources are a voltage transformer and a current transformer of each AC sampling object, and a DC voltage sensor and a DC current sensor of a DC loop of an excitation system.
8. The pumped-storage power station unit startup transient monitoring and safety assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that the specific method of step 4 is: transient state electrical parameters and transient state process parameters with time marks in the transient state monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal are uploaded to a centralized transient state monitoring and safety evaluation workstation through a communication network in a timing, calling or interrupt transmission mode and are stored in a database designated by the transient state monitoring and safety evaluation workstation so as to facilitate transient state monitoring and safety evaluation.
9. The pumped storage power station unit startup transient monitoring and safety assessment method according to claim 1, wherein in step 5, the time domain analysis method defines real-time collected data of any voltage and current change rule to determine corresponding real-time instantaneous values of voltage and current; determining the transient effective values of the voltage and the current according to the root mean square values of the voltage and the current in a selected time period; the integral of the product of the voltage and the current to the time in a selected time period is averaged to determine the transient equivalent active power; determining transient equivalent apparent power by the product of the voltage and the current transient effective value in a selected time period; determining a transient equivalent power factor according to the ratio of the transient equivalent active power to the transient equivalent apparent power in a selected time period;
the unit starting safety evaluation index comprises the probability that the unit cannot be normally started due to the fact that station service voltage deviation exceeds the standard, the total distortion rate of harmonic voltage or current exceeds the standard, excitation voltage or current is abnormal, a starting device works abnormally, and other factors influencing the normal starting of the unit occur;
the centralized transient monitoring and safety evaluation workstation comprises a data communication unit, a database and management system, a control unit, a transient monitoring unit, a safety evaluation unit, a fault alarm unit, a system maintenance unit and a man-machine interaction unit;
the data communication unit acquires data required by transient monitoring and safety evaluation from the transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal according to the application requirements of the control unit, or receives data sent from the transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal through an interrupt request and stores the data in a specified database so as to facilitate the use of transient monitoring and safety evaluation;
the database and management system performs data communication, data storage, data processing, data operation, data query, data maintenance, data modification and data updating operation on the data acquired and received by the data communication unit according to the application requirements of the control unit;
the control unit controls the data communication unit, the database and management system, the transient monitoring unit, the safety evaluation unit, the fault alarm unit and the system maintenance unit according to application requirements through the man-machine interaction unit to realize corresponding functions;
transient state monitoring unit sets up the transient state operating mode monitoring function of electric wire netting, unit, excitation system, starting drive and station service system in the unit start-up process, promptly: monitoring the alternating current frequency, the real-time instantaneous values and the transient effective values of the voltage and the current, the transient equivalent active power, the reactive power, the apparent power and the power factor as well as the change rule of the direct current voltage and the current along with the time, and displaying the change rule by data and curves; a historical data query function; an out-of-limit alarm function; a fault diagnosis function;
the safety evaluation unit evaluates the safety of unit starting according to the real-time and historical data of unit starting safety evaluation indexes, and defines that the unit can be safely started when the probability that the unit cannot be normally started is 50% lower than the unit starting success rate evaluation index; when the probability that the unit cannot be normally started is greater than 50% of the unit starting success rate assessment index and is less than 80% of the unit starting success rate assessment index, the unit is defined to be started more safely; when the probability that the unit cannot be normally started is greater than 80% of the unit starting success rate assessment index and is less than or equal to 100% of the unit starting success rate assessment index, defining that potential safety hazards exist in unit starting; when the probability that the unit cannot be started normally is greater than the unit starting success rate check index, the unit cannot be started safely;
the safety evaluation unit sets the display and query functions of real-time data and historical data of a set starting safety evaluation index; the unit starts a safety evaluation analysis function, and when potential safety hazards exist, a safety evaluation unit sends alarm information and proposes a measure suggestion for eliminating the potential safety hazards;
the fault alarm unit sends sound and character alarm information to prompt fault types, names, places, time and processing measures according to fault information acquired from the transient monitoring data acquisition intelligent terminal and self-checking fault information of the centralized transient monitoring and safety assessment workstation;
the system maintenance unit sets data backup, data updating, system recovery, parameter setting and function setting functions;
the man-machine interaction unit is provided with a keyboard, a mouse, a data input/output interface and a display function.
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