CN107160713B - A kind of autoclave frame-type composite material shaping mould - Google Patents
A kind of autoclave frame-type composite material shaping mould Download PDFInfo
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- CN107160713B CN107160713B CN201710498312.3A CN201710498312A CN107160713B CN 107160713 B CN107160713 B CN 107160713B CN 201710498312 A CN201710498312 A CN 201710498312A CN 107160713 B CN107160713 B CN 107160713B
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- thickness
- autoclave
- profiled sheeting
- air inlet
- temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C70/44—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using isostatic pressure, e.g. pressure difference-moulding, vacuum bag-moulding, autoclave-moulding or expanding rubber-moulding
- B29C70/446—Moulding structures having an axis of symmetry or at least one channel, e.g. tubular structures, frames
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of hot autoclave frame-type composite material shaping moulds, including framework type base and the profiled sheeting being fixed on the base；The thickness of air inlet distant place of the profiled sheeting from autoclave is less than or equal to the thickness of air inlet nearby from autoclave, and the thickness of air inlet of the profiled sheeting from autoclave most nearby is greater than the thickness of the air inlet farthest of autoclave.Curing degree is almost the same when the mold can guarantee composite element molding and malformation is small.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of autoclave frame-type composite material shaping moulds, belong to mold field shaping technique.
Background technique
Advanced composite material, due to that specific strength specific modulus is high, designability is strong, anti-fatigue performance is good etc. is significantly excellent
Point, is widely used in aviation field.Autoclave forming process is one of composite product forming method main method, hot pressing
Tank shaping process is then prepreg is successively spread suction glue according in the Lay up design mode laying to tooling type face of material
The materials such as layer, airfelt are packed into bag vacuum, finally according to the curing process curve of material after heating, pressurization, finally
In the stages such as cooling, decompression, prepreg blank curing molding is made to meet the composite material parts of design requirement.This method can be made
For the large complicated carved main load-bearing part of aerospace field, the forming method of secondary bearing member.
It usually, is an experience heating, heat preservation, cooling and adjoint pressurization, drop by solidification of hot-press tank composite material
The process of pressure, in the temperature rise period, resistance wire persistently heats air, using blower as power, using air as heat transfer medium, holds
It is continuous that mold and component are heated, guarantee that member temperature constantly increases, completes curing molding.When cooling, heating device is closed,
Water cooling is used simultaneously, is persistently cooled down to air in tank, and blower then makes circulating for air, guarantees in tank temperature everywhere
It reduces.
In solidification of hot-press tank technical process, the temperature change that mold forms plate surface depends on die face and fluid
The heat transfer for plunderring plate heat convection and framework type base and mold profiled sheeting outside, when skimming over profiled sheeting outside fluid, molding
Plate and fluid contact level can generate boundary layer, since kinetic energy has been lost in the viscous effect of fluid, so that the speed edge in boundary layer
Flow direction reduces, and as a result the thickness streamwise in boundary layer is continuously increased.According to thermal convection principle, boundary layer is thicker,
Thermally conductive thermal resistance is also bigger, and heat transfer efficiency is also lower, so that low temperature occurs in leeward end.Another leads to leeward end low temperature
The reason is that since windward side framework type base is to the inhibition of leeward framework type base, the intensity of jet impingement heat transfer with
Flow direction and reduces so that leeward end gridiron temperature is lower, relative to windward side, the heat transmitted to profiled sheeting is less.
When testing to a certain practical profiled sheeting, the Temperature Distribution of the molding plate surface at the end of temperature rise period is measured
As shown in Figure 1, the maximum temperature difference of forming surface reaches 50.1 degree, windward side is incrementally increased to the leeward temperature difference, apart from windward side
There is the minimum region of temperature in about 80% place, and low-temperature region accounts for mold plane area about 25%, therefore, the type face of mold
Temperature Distribution is quite uneven.Temperature field unevenly largely will affect the Forming Quality of composite product, cause
Composite element uneven heating is even, and curing degree is inconsistent, causes malformation.Therefore how to reduce composite element flowing
Upward temperature gradient becomes urgent problem to be solved.
In order to improve product Uniformity of Temperature Field, in terms of being concentrated mainly on following two in the prior art: first is that improving
Existing curing process；Second is that proposing new process, new method forming composite product.Above improve often relates to equipment
It improves, it is more complicated, and all there is certain difficulty in actual production.
Summary of the invention
The invention solves technical problems to be: the shortcomings that overcoming above-mentioned technology, provides a kind of certifiable composite element
The frame-type molding die that curing degree is almost the same when molding and malformation is small.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, technical solution proposed by the present invention is: a kind of autoclave frame-type composite wood
Molding die is expected, including framework type base and the profiled sheeting being fixed on the base；The profiled sheeting is remote from the air inlet of autoclave
The thickness at place is less than or equal to the thickness of air inlet nearby from autoclave, and the profiled sheeting is nearest from the air inlet of autoclave
The thickness at place is greater than the thickness of the air inlet farthest of autoclave.
Applicant has found that the temperature field of composite element is with the presentation of heating direction when solidifying by long-term research
In the phenomenon that change of gradient, the influence of the external temperature field of composite element plays leading role.Therefore, the present invention to compared with
The composite material frame formula mold being often used improves, will with composite material contact template carry out Varying-thickness processing, and according to
Thermal resistance is theoretical, and thermal resistance is directly proportional to conduction path length, i.e. the thermal resistance in the thicker region of profiled sheeting thickness is also higher, heating
It is just all the more difficult.Therefore, according to this property, the present invention increases the molding plate thickness of high-temperature area, while reducing low-temperature region
Molding plate thickness so that the thermal resistance of high-temperature area becomes larger and the thermal resistance of low-temperature region becomes smaller, to make mould shaping plate surface
Temperature Distribution is more uniform.
Based on the above theory, optimal technological means should be that the thickness of profiled sheeting successively decreases along heating dimension linear, i.e.,
Profiled sheeting is generally trapezoidal, during practical molding test, although generally trapezoidal profiled sheeting is for improving product
Uniformity of Temperature Field has some effects, but it is found by the applicant that the effect for improving uniformity is not so good, especially far from autoclave
Air inlet product temperature uniformity it is very poor.To find out its cause, applicant thinks: the temperature change for forming plate surface depends on
The outer heat transfer for plunderring plate heat convection and bottom sash and mold profiled sheeting in its type face and fluid, when fluid skims over molding outside
When plate, profiled sheeting and fluid contact level can generate boundary layer, can refer to " Elementary Fluid Mechanics (the 3rd edition) " (author: Wang Huimin,
Publishing house, Tsinghua University, 2013).In this way, kinetic energy has been lost in the viscous effect due to fluid, so that the speed edge in boundary layer
Flow direction reduces, and as a result the thickness streamwise in boundary layer is continuously increased.In this way, when profiled sheeting is generally trapezoidal, side
Interlayer is in more violent, the thickness change after boundary layer is sufficiently developed close to windward side (close to the air inlet of autoclave) thickness change
Change is smaller, very poor so as to cause the product temperature uniformity far from autoclave air inlet.
Exactly because boundary layer is smaller in the thickness change far from autoclave air inlet, the present invention is in order to further increase
The temperature uniformity of product, keep profiled sheeting thickness far from not changing at autoclave air inlet a distance, specifically have with
Lower two ways:
1) profiled sheeting is ladder-like in two ranks, and wherein the length of profiled sheeting thicker portion is the 25% of profiled sheeting total length
~50%.Preferably, the thickness of the profiled sheeting thicker portion (close to one section of the air inlet of autoclave) be profiled sheeting compared with
1.5~3 times of the thickness of thin part.
2) trapezoidal (i.e. profiled sheeting is close to autoclave air inlet close to one section of air inlet of autoclave for the profiled sheeting
Part is trapezoidal), one section consistency of thickness of the profiled sheeting at the air outlet of autoclave.Preferably, the profiled sheeting is in
The length of trapezoidal portions accounts for the 50%~70% of profiled sheeting total length.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is Temperature Distribution cloud atlas of the existing profiled sheeting at the end of temperature rise period.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic cross-section of the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 4 is the schematic cross-section of the embodiment of the present invention two.
Temperature Distribution cloud atlas when Fig. 5 is comparative experiments in the embodiment of the present invention one.
Temperature Distribution cloud atlas when Fig. 6 is comparative experiments in the embodiment of the present invention two.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment one
The autoclave of the present embodiment frame-type composite material shaping mould, as shown in Fig. 2, include framework type base 2 and
The profiled sheeting 1 being fixed on pedestal 2；The thickness of air inlet distant place of the profiled sheeting 1 from autoclave is less than or equal to from hot pressing
The thickness of the air inlet of tank nearby, and the thickness of air inlet of the profiled sheeting 1 from autoclave most nearby is greater than from autoclave
The thickness of air inlet farthest, i.e. profiled sheeting 1 are from its windward side (close to the air inlet of autoclave) to leeward end (close to hot pressing
At the air outlet of tank) wall thickness is from thick thinning.
Framework type base 2 is " egg box " shape in the present embodiment, naturally it is also possible to other tower structures are used, as long as
Ventilation can be facilitated and meet the intensity requirement of support profiled sheeting, may be used in this example.
As shown in figure 3, profiled sheeting 1 is ladder-like in two ranks in the present embodiment, and four groups of stepped non-uniform thickness are tested respectively
Template, the distance apart from windward side are respectively 400mm, 450mm, 500mm and 600mm, 1 thicker portion of profiled sheeting in the region
With a thickness of 20mm, the thickness of remaining position is reduced to 10mm.
Die size is 1500*1500*400mm in the present embodiment, and material is Q235 structural carbon steel, flowing in autoclave
Gas is air, and the hot property of mold and air is as shown in table 1.The diameter of autoclave is 2500mm, length 7000mm.
The Thermal Parameter of 1 material of table
The type face temperature cloud pictures of four groups of stepped non-uniform thickness profiled sheetings as shown in figure 5,400mm and two groups of 600mm in thickness
There is biggish temperature fluctuation in transitional region, and the fluctuating of 450mm and 500mm this two groups of transitional region is smaller, reason
It may be related with the variation of boundary layer thickness.Applicant determines the length of profiled sheeting thicker portion after having carried out many experiments
Effect is best when accounting for the 30%~35% of profiled sheeting total length.
In addition, be shown experimentally that, the thickness of 1 thicker portion of profiled sheeting be the thickness of 1 thinner part of profiled sheeting 1.5~
At 3 times, transitional region temperature fluctuation is also smaller.
Embodiment two
Mold, the parameter of autoclave are identical with embodiment one in this implementation, the difference of the present embodiment and embodiment one
Place is: as shown in figure 4, in order to reduce influence of the suddenly change of stepped 1 thickness of profiled sheeting to transitional region temperature and
Using trapezoidal non-uniform thickness template, i.e., profiled sheeting 1 is close to one section of trapezoidal (i.e. portion of the air inlet of autoclave in the present embodiment
It is divided into trapezoidal), one section consistency of thickness of the profiled sheeting 1 at the air outlet of autoclave, the thickness with trapezoidal plate thinnest part
It spends identical.
Thickness in the present embodiment in trapezoidal non-uniform thickness profiled sheeting low-temperature region is changed to 10mm, and high-temperature area thickness is from 20mm
10mm is arrived along straight-line decline (linear decrease).Distance difference of the present embodiment to six groups of trapezoidal non-uniform thickness templates, apart from windward side
For 600mm, 700mm, 800mm, 900mm, 1000mm and 1100mm.At the end of six groups of trapezoidal non-uniform thickness profiled sheeting temperature rise periods,
Profiled sheeting surface temperature distribution is as shown in Figure 6.From fig. 6, it can be seen that compared to stepped profiled sheeting, trapezoidal profiled sheeting high-temperature region
The thickness in domain is smaller, becomes smaller to thermally conductive obstruction ability, is not easy temperature uniformly, therefore the length for increasing trapezoidal sections makes high-temperature region
Domain thickness will lead to low-temperature region close to windward side thickness, but if the thickness that will lead to low-temperature region increases apart from excessive
Temperature is lower.
Preferably, the length of the trapezoidal part of the profiled sheeting accounts for the 50%~70% of profiled sheeting total length, both may be used in this way
Guarantee that the thermal resistance of high-temperature area will not become smaller because of the reason of trapezoidal thickness, it is also ensured that low-temperature region will not be because of trapezoidal thickness
The reason of spending becomes larger, and has weighed the thickness distribution on both sides well.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment the specific technical solution, and in addition to the implementation, the present invention may be used also
To there is other embodiments.It is all using equivalent replacement formed technical solution, be the present invention claims protection scope.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of autoclave frame-type composite material shaping mould, including framework type base and the molding being fixed on the base
Plate；It is characterized by: the thickness of air inlet distant place of the profiled sheeting from autoclave is less than or equal to the air inlet from autoclave
Thickness nearby, and the thickness of air inlet of the profiled sheeting from autoclave most nearby is greater than the air inlet farthest from autoclave
Thickness；The profiled sheeting in two ranks it is ladder-like, wherein the length of profiled sheeting thicker portion be profiled sheeting total length 25% ~
50%。
2. autoclave according to claim 1 frame-type composite material shaping mould, it is characterised in that: the profiled sheeting
The thickness of thicker portion is 1.5 ~ 3 times of the thickness of profiled sheeting thinner part.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710498312.3A CN107160713B (en) | 2017-06-27 | 2017-06-27 | A kind of autoclave frame-type composite material shaping mould |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710498312.3A CN107160713B (en) | 2017-06-27 | 2017-06-27 | A kind of autoclave frame-type composite material shaping mould |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107160713A CN107160713A (en) | 2017-09-15 |
| CN107160713B true CN107160713B (en) | 2019-04-23 |
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| CN201710498312.3A Active CN107160713B (en) | 2017-06-27 | 2017-06-27 | A kind of autoclave frame-type composite material shaping mould |
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Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109483772B (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2021-03-19 | 南京航空航天大学 | Frame type composite material variable flow passage forming die and forming method for autoclave |
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| JP2009125976A (en) * | 2007-11-20 | 2009-06-11 | Nippon Yakin Kogyo Co Ltd | Die for molding resin and molding method |
| CN104029397A (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2014-09-10 | 中航复合材料有限责任公司 | Preparation device of aircraft composite material fuselage wall panels and preparation method thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009125976A (en) * | 2007-11-20 | 2009-06-11 | Nippon Yakin Kogyo Co Ltd | Die for molding resin and molding method |
| CN104029397A (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2014-09-10 | 中航复合材料有限责任公司 | Preparation device of aircraft composite material fuselage wall panels and preparation method thereof |
| CN104441698A (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2015-03-25 | 大连理工大学 | Method for adjusting uniformity of temperature of flow field in hot-pressing tank |
| CN105965916A (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2016-09-28 | 山东中航泰达复合材料股份有限公司 | Equipment and process for forming composite material |
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| CN107160713A (en) | 2017-09-15 |
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