CN107152965B - Sound wave monitoring system based on optical fiber sensing - Google Patents
Sound wave monitoring system based on optical fiber sensing Download PDFInfo
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- CN107152965B CN107152965B CN201610119004.0A CN201610119004A CN107152965B CN 107152965 B CN107152965 B CN 107152965B CN 201610119004 A CN201610119004 A CN 201610119004A CN 107152965 B CN107152965 B CN 107152965B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
- G01H9/004—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C23/00—Non-electrical signal transmission systems, e.g. optical systems
- G08C23/06—Non-electrical signal transmission systems, e.g. optical systems through light guides, e.g. optical fibres
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Abstract
The invention discloses an acoustic wave monitoring system based on optical fiber sensing, and belongs to the field of acoustic wave monitoring. The sound wave monitoring system comprises a monitoring host, an all-optical network used for monitoring sound waves, and a monitoring host used for controlling the all-optical network, wherein the all-optical network is connected with the all-optical network, the all-optical network comprises a plurality of optical fiber sensing probes which are connected in series, the plurality of optical fiber sensing probes are respectively arranged in each area for monitoring sound waves and the noise source area, and all the optical fiber sensing probes in the plurality of optical fiber sensing probes comprise at least one optical fiber sensing probe module. The acoustic wave monitoring system based on optical fiber sensing can acquire, process, store and analyze acoustic waves by utilizing the principle of sensing vibration by optical fibers, has strong concealment and is difficult to detect because the sensing network is an all-optical network, and meanwhile, the optical fiber sensing probe has high sensitivity and large dynamic range, and can adjust the sensitivity of the optical fiber sensing head in a larger range by adjusting the optical fiber length of the optical fiber sensing head.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sound wave monitoring, in particular to a sound wave monitoring system based on optical fiber sensing.
Background
With the development of optical fiber sensing technology, physical quantities that can be measured by optical fibers, such as vibration, temperature, displacement, etc., are gradually increasing. The optical fiber vibration sensing technology is more and more paid attention to, and the product market based on optical fiber vibration measurement is wide, and the optical fiber vibration sensing technology comprises an optical fiber perimeter protection system, an optical fiber vibration-based border line safety protection system, an optical fiber vibration monitoring system for pipeline transportation and the like. In the process of using the existing acoustic wave monitoring technology, the sensitivity of acoustic wave monitoring is low, the monitoring distance is short, the range is small, and the anti-interference capability is low.
The conventional acoustic wave monitoring technology generally comprises an optical fiber vibration sensing technology based on an MZ interferometer, an optical fiber grating vibration monitoring system, various optical fiber interference systems and the like. Among them, the MZ interferometer-based optical fiber vibration sensing technology can pick up acoustic wave signals effectively, but has the following drawbacks: (1) Because the MZ interferometer has a complex structure, couplers are required to be respectively added at two ends of a sensing light path when the MZ interferometer is used; (2) In the using process, three optical fibers are needed to form the interferometer, so that the requirements on optical fiber resources are high, and the cost is high; (3) MZ interferometers have a weak ability to monitor multiple points simultaneously, and signals at different locations also affect each other, making it difficult to distinguish between them.
The fiber bragg grating vibration monitoring system can sense vibration signals, and has the technical defects that (1) the monitoring system has good response to low-frequency signals, but has weak response to medium-high-frequency signals; (2) The monitoring system needs to add a fiber grating optical device on the optical path, thereby additionally increasing the production cost; (3) Because the fiber grating optical device is sensitive to temperature change, the temperature change can cause the sensitivity of the fiber grating optical device to vibration signals to change greatly, so that the sensitivity of the monitoring system also changes greatly.
In the prior art, various optical fiber interference systems are additionally arranged to pick up acoustic wave signals, and the optical fiber interference systems generally need to add heterodyne detection optical paths outside sensing optical paths, so that the cost is increased, and meanwhile, the system structure is extremely complex.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve at least one aspect of the above-mentioned problems and disadvantages in the prior art, the present invention provides an acoustic monitoring system based on optical fiber sensing. The technical scheme is as follows:
it is an object of the present invention to provide an acoustic monitoring system based on optical fiber sensing.
According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided an acoustic monitoring system based on optical fiber sensing, the acoustic monitoring system comprises a monitoring host, and further comprises an all-optical network for monitoring acoustic waves, wherein the monitoring host and the all-optical network for controlling the all-optical network are connected with each other, the all-optical network comprises a plurality of optical fiber sensing probes connected in series with each other, the plurality of optical fiber sensing probes are respectively arranged in each area for acoustic wave monitoring, and each optical fiber sensing probe of the plurality of optical fiber sensing probes comprises at least one optical fiber sensing probe module.
Further, the plurality of optical fiber sensing probes comprise at least one denoising optical fiber sensing probe for extracting noise samples and at least one acoustic wave optical fiber sensing probe for acoustic wave monitoring, all the denoising optical fiber sensing probes in the at least one denoising optical fiber sensing probe are distributed in the noise source area, and all the acoustic wave optical fiber sensing probes in the at least one acoustic wave optical fiber sensing probe are arranged in the areas for acoustic wave monitoring.
Specifically, each area for performing acoustic monitoring is connected with the at least one denoising optical fiber sensing probe in series.
Further, adjacent ones of the plurality of fiber-optic sensing probes are disposed at a distance from each other.
Specifically, the different acoustic monitoring areas in the areas for acoustic monitoring are connected in series through the optical fiber sensing probes so as to realize connection.
Specifically, each of the at least one fiber optic sensing probe module includes an elastic cylinder and a plurality of turns of optical fibers each wound around the elastic cylinder.
Further, the at least one optical fiber sensing probe module is a plurality of optical fiber sensing probe modules connected in series, and adjacent optical fiber sensing probe modules in the plurality of optical fiber sensing probe modules are connected with each other through an optical fiber connector or welded with each other.
Further, adjacent ones of the plurality of fiber-optic sensing probes are connected to each other by a transmission fiber.
Further, a relay amplifying module is arranged between at least one pair of adjacent optical fiber sensing probes in the plurality of optical fiber sensing probes.
Further, the plurality of optical fiber sensing probes are connected with the monitoring host through the transmission optical fibers after being connected with each other in series.
Further, the monitoring host is an optical fiber vibration sensing system based on the Rayleigh interference technology.
Further, the monitoring host performs average noise reduction processing on signals transmitted by the plurality of optical fiber sensing probes.
Further, the monitoring host controls one or more optical fiber sensing probes to be opened or closed.
In particular, the monitoring host activates at least one fiber-optic sensing probe of the plurality of fiber-optic sensing probes by multiplying the signal strength by 1,
the monitoring host stops at least one fiber-optic sensing probe of the plurality of fiber-optic sensing probes by multiplying the signal strength by 0.
Further, the optical fiber length resolution of the monitoring host is less than 1 meter.
Specifically, the monitoring host comprises a noise monitoring module, and the noise monitoring module controls all the denoising optical fiber sensing probes to collect noise signals.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The acoustic wave monitoring system based on optical fiber sensing is a zoned acoustic wave monitoring system based on optical fiber sensing, and can acquire, process, store and analyze acoustic waves by utilizing the principle of optical fiber sensing vibration;
(2) According to the acoustic monitoring system based on optical fiber sensing, the optical fiber sensing probes are respectively arranged in each area needing acoustic monitoring, and the adjacent optical fiber sensing probes are connected through the transmission optical fibers, so that the sound of each area can be monitored at the monitoring host;
(3) The acoustic monitoring system based on optical fiber sensing is mainly used for detecting the position of a vibration point on an optical fiber, can accurately position the vibration point, and has no mutual interference among the points;
(4) The acoustic monitoring system based on optical fiber sensing has the advantages that the sensing network is an all-optical network, so that the concealment is strong, the detection is difficult, and meanwhile, the sensitivity of the optical fiber sensing probe is high and the dynamic range is large;
(5) The acoustic wave monitoring system based on optical fiber sensing provided by the invention can adjust the sensitivity of the optical fiber sensing probe in a larger range through adjusting the length of the optical fiber in the optical fiber sensing probe, and can start or stop a specific number of optical fiber sensing probes at will through special treatment at a monitoring host;
(6) The acoustic wave monitoring system based on optical fiber sensing provided by the invention uses a common communication optical fiber as a sensor, is simple to install, has strong signal anti-interference capability and is insensitive to temperature change.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fiber optic sensing based acoustic monitoring system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a configuration in which a plurality of acoustic fiber sensing probes are disposed in the same acoustic monitoring area;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the fiber-optic sensing based acoustic monitoring system shown in FIG. 1 with a repeater amplification module;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the fiber optic sensing probe shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the fiber optic sensing probe module of FIG. 4 with fiber optic connectors disposed therein;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of average noise reduction of the fiber optic sensing probe module shown in FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the monitoring host of FIG. 1 starting and stopping a corresponding fiber optic sensing probe.
The system comprises a sound wave monitoring system 100 based on optical fiber sensing, a monitoring host 10, a 20 all-optical network, a 21 optical fiber sensing probe, a 211 optical fiber sensing probe module, a 212 elastic cylinder, 213 multi-turn optical fibers, a 214 optical fiber connector, a 22 transmission optical fiber, a 23 relay amplifying module, a 25 denoising optical fiber sensing probe, a 26 sound wave optical fiber sensing probe, a 261 first sound wave optical fiber sensing probe, a 262 second sound wave optical fiber sensing probe, a 263 third sound wave optical fiber sensing probe, a 264 fourth sound wave optical fiber sensing probe and a 265 fifth sound wave optical fiber sensing probe.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to FIG. 1, an acoustic wave monitoring system 100 based on fiber optic sensing is shown in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. The acoustic wave monitoring system 100 includes an all-optical network 20 for monitoring acoustic waves and a monitoring host 10 for controlling the all-optical network 20, and the monitoring host 10 and the all-optical network 20 are connected to each other. The all-optical network 20 includes a plurality of optical fiber sensing probes 21 connected in series with each other, the plurality of optical fiber sensing probes 21 are respectively arranged in respective areas where acoustic wave monitoring is performed, and each optical fiber sensing probe 21 of the plurality of optical fiber sensing probes 21 includes at least one optical fiber sensing probe module 211.
In one example of the present invention, the monitoring host 10 is a high fiber length resolution fiber vibration sensing system based on coherent rayleigh interferometry. The optical fiber vibration sensing system with high optical fiber length resolution can further subdivide sensing units of optical fibers, and the number of sensors is increased on the same optical fiber length. The monitoring host 10 controls one or more fiber optic sensing probes 21 to be individually turned on or off. In another example of the present invention, the all-optical network 20 is designed in the acoustic wave monitoring system 100, so that the whole acoustic wave monitoring system 100 is strong in concealment, difficult to detect and strong in current interference resistance. In the all-optical network 20, adjacent ones of the plurality of optical fiber sensing probes 21 are disposed at a distance (for example, several meters to several tens of kilometers) from each other, and each of the optical fiber sensing probes 21 is responsible for one acoustic wave monitoring area.
In yet another example of the present invention, the fiber length resolution of the monitoring host 10 is less than 1 meter, i.e., less than 1 meter per sensing unit length. And each sensing unit in the optical fiber length resolution is independent of each other, and has no signal interference with each other, so that the monitoring host 10 can independently process signals transmitted by the plurality of optical fiber sensing probes 21.
Referring to fig. 2, adjacent ones of the plurality of fiber optic sensing probes are disposed at a distance from each other. Specifically, the plurality of fiber-optic sensing probes 21 includes at least one noise-removing fiber-optic sensing probe 25 for extracting noise samples and at least one acoustic-wave fiber-optic sensing probe 26 for acoustic monitoring, which are disposed at intervals from each other. All the denoising optical fiber sensing probes 25 in the at least one denoising optical fiber sensing probe 25 are arranged in the noise source area, all the acoustic fiber sensing probes 26 in the at least one acoustic fiber sensing probe 26 are arranged in each area for acoustic monitoring, and at least one denoising optical fiber sensing probe 25 is connected in series in each area for acoustic monitoring. Since the denoising optical fiber sensing probe 25 is disposed near the noise source, the noise is the main sound signal collected by the denoising optical fiber sensing probe 25, and thus the monitoring host 10 can remove noise from the acoustic monitoring signal by taking the sound signal collected by the denoising optical fiber sensing probe 25 as a noise sample.
Specifically, a noise monitoring module (not shown) in the monitoring host 10 controls all of the denoising fiber sensing probes 25 to collect noise signals. That is, before use, the distances between all the denoising optical fiber sensing probes and the monitoring host 10 are input into the noise monitoring module, and then the noise monitoring module defines the signals acquired by the corresponding denoising optical fiber sensing probes as noise signals according to the input distances. For example, the distance between the noise-removing optical fiber sensing probe arranged near the noise source A and the monitoring host 10 is 10.5km-10.7km, the data is input into the noise monitoring module before use, and the noise monitoring module defines the signal collected by the area as a noise signal. This example is merely an illustrative example and those skilled in the art should not be construed as limiting the invention.
In use, different acoustic monitoring areas in the respective acoustic monitoring areas are connected in series by the optical fiber sensing probe. For example, the acoustic monitoring areas connected to each other may be connected to each other by connecting the noise removing optical fiber sensing probe 25 and the acoustic optical fiber sensing probe 26, which are disposed in different acoustic monitoring areas, to each other by connecting the two noise removing optical fiber sensing probes 25, which are disposed in different acoustic monitoring areas, to each other, and by connecting the two acoustic optical fiber sensing probes 26, which are disposed in different acoustic monitoring areas, to each other. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present example is merely an illustrative example and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
As shown in fig. 2, a first acoustic fiber sensing probe 261, a second acoustic fiber sensing probe 262, a third acoustic fiber sensing probe 263, a fourth acoustic fiber sensing probe 264 and a fifth acoustic fiber sensing probe 265 of at least one acoustic fiber sensing probe 26 are sequentially connected in series in a certain room (i.e. an area where acoustic monitoring is performed), wherein two ends of the first acoustic fiber sensing probe 261 are respectively connected in series with the monitoring host 10 and the second acoustic fiber sensing probe 262. A noise removing optical fiber sensing probe 25 for extracting outdoor noise is then provided outside the room, and the noise removing optical fiber sensing probe 25 is connected in series with the fifth acoustic optical fiber sensing probe 265. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that 1, 2 or more acoustic fiber sensing probes 26 may be disposed in the acoustic monitoring area, 1, 3 or more noise-removing fiber sensing probes 25 may be disposed outdoors, and 1, 5 or more noise-removing fiber sensing probes 25 may be disposed near the noise source indoors, which is only an illustrative example and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
With continued reference to fig. 2, the first to fifth acoustic-wave optical fiber sensing probes 261 to 265 are respectively disposed at different positions of the area where acoustic monitoring is performed, and the noise-removing optical fiber sensing probe 25 is an ambient noise-removing probe when disposed outdoors, and when continuous noise exists outdoors, such as noise generated due to wind, rain, and/or passing a car, etc., the noise-removing optical fiber sensing probe 25 collects and extracts a noise signal sample, and then transmits the noise signal sample to the monitoring host 10, and then the monitoring host 10 actively performs noise removal on the first to fifth acoustic-wave optical fiber sensing probes.
In one example of the present invention, one or more fiber optic sensing probes 21 may be provided in different acoustic monitoring regions, respectively. That is, the same number of optical fiber sensing probes 21 may be disposed in different acoustic wave monitoring areas, for example, only 1 (e.g., as shown in fig. 2) or more optical fiber sensing probes 21 may be disposed in each of the acoustic wave monitoring areas, or different numbers of optical fiber sensing probes 21 may be disposed, for example, a part of the acoustic wave monitoring areas is provided with only 1 optical fiber sensing probe 21, another part of the acoustic wave monitoring areas is provided with 3 optical fiber sensing probes 21, and the remaining acoustic wave monitoring areas are provided with 6 optical fiber sensing probes 21.
As shown in fig. 1, four acoustic wave fiber sensing probes 26 perform acoustic wave monitoring for an I acoustic wave monitoring region, an II acoustic wave monitoring region, an III acoustic wave monitoring region, and an IV acoustic wave monitoring region, respectively, wherein the noise removing fiber sensing probe 25 is not shown. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the set position of the noise-removing optical fiber sensing probe 25 is determined according to the position of the noise source, for example, when the position of the noise source is outside the acoustic wave monitoring area, the noise-removing optical fiber sensing probe 25 may be disposed outside the acoustic wave monitoring area; when the position of the noise source is in the acoustic monitoring area, the denoising optical fiber sensing probe 25 can be arranged in the acoustic monitoring area; and when noise sources exist outside the acoustic wave monitoring area and inside the acoustic wave monitoring area, the noise removing optical fiber sensing probes 25 can be respectively arranged inside and outside the acoustic wave monitoring area. It will be further understood by those skilled in the art that the number of the denoising fiber optic sensing probes 25 and the number of the sonic fiber sensing probes 26 may be respectively adjusted as required, and may be set to 1, 3 or more, and this example is merely an illustrative example, and should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention, and preferably 1 sonic fiber sensing probe 26 corresponds to 1 sonic monitoring area, of course, those skilled in the art may design 2, 4 or more sonic fiber sensing probes in 1 sonic monitoring area as required.
With continued reference to fig. 1, adjacent ones of the plurality of fiber optic sensing probes 21 are connected to each other by a transmission fiber 22, i.e., the transmission fiber 22 is responsible for connecting the monitoring host 10 to the fiber optic sensing probes 21 that are connected in series with each other or for connecting between the fiber optic sensing probes 21. That is, the transmission optical fiber 22 is responsible for connecting the monitoring host 10 with the optical fiber sensing probe 21 (the noise removing optical fiber sensing probe 25 or the acoustic wave optical fiber sensing probe 26), and/or for connecting between the noise removing optical fiber sensing probe 25 and the noise removing optical fiber sensing probe 25, between the noise removing optical fiber sensing probe 25 and the acoustic wave optical fiber sensing probe 26, and between the acoustic wave optical fiber sensing probe 26 and the acoustic wave optical fiber sensing probe 26. By such design, the principle of sensing vibration by optical fibers can be utilized to collect, process, store and analyze sound waves in the process of sound wave monitoring, all optical fiber sensing probes 21 in the sound wave monitoring system 100 are sensitive parts to sound vibration, and the sensing optical fibers 22 are insensitive parts to sound vibration after being processed by the monitoring host 10.
Referring to fig. 3, since the distance between the monitoring areas may be several meters to several tens of kilometers, the distance between the adjacent optical fiber sensing probes 21 may also be several meters to several tens of kilometers. When the monitoring areas are too many or the distance between the monitoring areas is too long, one or more relay amplification modules 23 can be designed between the adjacent optical fiber sensing probes 21 for relay amplification, i.e. EDFA amplification modules are designed between the adjacent optical fiber sensing probes 21. That is, a relay amplification module 23 (e.g., an EDFA amplification module) may be designed between the noise-canceling optical fiber sensing probe 25 and the noise-canceling optical fiber sensing probe 25, between the noise-canceling optical fiber sensing probe 25 and the acoustic wave optical fiber sensing probe 26, and/or between the acoustic wave optical fiber sensing probe 26 and the acoustic wave optical fiber sensing probe 26 to relay amplify the transmitted signal. It is of course also possible to design the relay amplification module 23 between a pair of adjacent optical fiber sensors 21, and also possible to design the relay amplification module 23 between a plurality of pairs of adjacent optical fiber sensing probes 21, for example, one or more (e.g., 2, 4 or more) relay amplification modules 23 between 2, 5 or more pairs.
As shown in fig. 4, each of the plurality of fiber optic sensing probes 21 includes at least one fiber optic sensing probe module 211, i.e., the denoising fiber optic sensing probe 25 and the acoustic fiber sensing probe 26 each include at least one fiber optic sensing probe module 211. Each of the fiber-optic sensing probe modules 211 of at least one of the noise-removing fiber-optic sensing probe 25 and the acoustic fiber-optic sensing probe 26 includes an elastic cylinder 212 and a plurality of turns of optical fibers 213, the plurality of turns of optical fibers 213 being densely wound on the elastic cylinder 212, thereby constituting the fiber-optic sensing probe 21, such a design being equivalent to achieving accurate positioning of vibration points by detecting the position of the vibration point on one optical fiber, and also avoiding mutual interference between the vibration points.
It can be seen that the acoustic monitoring system 100 based on optical fiber sensing according to the present invention can be used as an acoustic sensor by using a common communication optical fiber, so that the transmission signal and the sensing signal can propagate in the optical fiber at the same time, and when the acoustic monitoring system 100 detects the acoustic signal, no special communication optical fiber is required, that is, no optical devices such as heterodyne detection interferometer, grating, coupler and circulator, faraday rotator mirror, delay optical fiber, wavelength division multiplexer, etc. are required to be added to the common communication optical fiber. The complexity of the optical path is increased due to the addition of the optical devices, and the reliability of the monitoring system is reduced. When the optical path requires maintenance, the maintenance cost is high and the maintenance time is long. While some existing optical structures, such as heterodyne detection interferometers, add themselves to the introduction of additional noise into the monitoring system, making the monitoring system less capable. And even if all the optical cable layout is finished, the optical fiber sensing probe can be combined or unpacked by using an algorithm through a software end.
Meanwhile, in the case where the sensitivity of the acoustic wave monitoring system 100 is sufficient, one optical fiber sensing probe may be decomposed into a plurality of optical fiber sensing probes, and the number of the optical fiber sensing probes 21 that can be unpacked at most is the optical fiber length or the sensing unit length of the optical fiber sensing probe 21. In the case of poor sensitivity of the acoustic wave monitoring system 100, a plurality of optical fiber sensing probes may be combined into one optical fiber sensing probe. Thus, the acoustic monitoring system 100 designed by the invention can realize that the sensors (such as the acoustic optical fiber sensing probe and the denoising optical fiber sensing probe) can be freely split and/or combined on the scale of the optical fiber sensing unit, but the optimal sound sensing effect is taken as a criterion.
With continued reference to fig. 4, the number of fiber optic sensor head modules 211 in the fiber optic sensor probe 21 may be set according to actual sensitivity requirements, for example, 1, 3, or more. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, when the optical fiber sensing probe module 211 is a plurality of optical fiber sensing probe modules 211, the plurality of optical fiber sensing probe modules 211 are connected in series, and adjacent optical fiber sensing probe modules 211 may be connected by an optical fiber connector 214 or may be connected to each other by direct fusion, which is only an illustrative example, and should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention may be replaced in the art in a corresponding manner as long as signal transmission and monitoring between the optical fiber sensing probe modules 211 can be achieved.
Referring to fig. 6, the acoustic monitoring system 100 employs distributed optical fiber vibration sensing, which is equivalent to equally dividing the optical cable within the same optical fiber sensing module 211 into segments, such as x (1), x (2), x (3) … … x (n) segments shown in fig. 5, where each segment can operate independently. And is effectively equivalent to having N sensing points on one optical fiber sensing probe 21, the number of sensing points on the optical fiber sensing probe 21 is related to the number of optical fiber sensing head modules 211 and the length of the optical fiber on each optical fiber sensing head module. In other words, each optical fiber sensing probe module 211 is composed of a plurality of sensing points, and the length of the optical fiber wound around the optical fiber sensing probe module 211 determines the number of sensing points of the sensing probe module 211, and the total number of sensing points is not limited, thereby ensuring the sensitivity and the sensitivity adjustability of the acoustic wave monitoring. In order to achieve the effect of improving the sensitivity, N sensing points of one optical fiber sensing probe 21 can be subjected to average noise reduction, that is, the monitoring host 10 can adopt average noise reduction processing to signals transmitted by a plurality of optical fiber sensing probes 21. For example, the signal at each sensing point of a certain optical fiber sensing probe is S (1), S (2) … … S (n), and s=1/n (S (1) +s (2) + … +s (n)) may be taken to represent the signal transmitted by the optical fiber sensing probe 21.
As shown in fig. 7, due to the independence of the optical fiber sensing probes 21, the monitoring host 21 can start or stop any specific number of optical fiber sensing probes 21, for example, start the specific number of optical fiber sensing probes 21 simultaneously, or can start the monitoring host at any time for 1 or more (i.e., any number, for example, 2, 5 or moreMore) the fiber-optic sensing probe 21 is individually activated or deactivated. In use, the optical fiber length range at the optical fiber sensor probe 21 to be operated is first determined for the optical fiber sensor probe 21 to be activated, after which the monitoring host 10 multiplies the signal strength by 1 and transmits the signal to the portion to be activated to activate the optical fiber sensor probe 21 to be activated, i.e., to make the output signal S out = 1*S. While for the optical fiber sensing probe 21 to be stopped, the range of the optical fiber length at the optical fiber sensing probe 21 to be operated is first determined, after which the monitoring host 10 multiplies the signal intensity by 0 and transmits the signal to the portion to be stopped to stop the optical fiber sensing probe 21 to be stopped, i.e., to make the output signal S out = 0*S. At the same time, the monitoring host 10 transmits a signal S to the sensing optical fiber 22 out ＝0*S。
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The acoustic wave monitoring system based on optical fiber sensing is a zoned acoustic wave monitoring system based on optical fiber sensing, and can acquire, process, store and analyze acoustic waves by utilizing the principle of optical fiber sensing vibration;
(2) According to the acoustic monitoring system based on optical fiber sensing, the optical fiber sensing probes are respectively arranged in each area needing acoustic monitoring, and the adjacent optical fiber sensing probes are connected through the transmission optical fibers, so that the sound of each area can be monitored at the monitoring host;
(3) The acoustic monitoring system based on optical fiber sensing is mainly used for detecting the position of a vibration point on an optical fiber, can accurately position the vibration point, and has no mutual interference among the points;
(4) The acoustic monitoring system based on optical fiber sensing has the advantages that the sensing network is an all-optical network, so that the concealment is strong, the detection is difficult, and meanwhile, the sensitivity of the optical fiber sensing probe is high and the dynamic range is large;
(5) The acoustic wave monitoring system based on optical fiber sensing provided by the invention can adjust the sensitivity of the optical fiber sensing probe in a larger range through adjusting the optical fiber length of the optical fiber sensing probe, and can start or stop a specific number of optical fiber sensing probes at will through special treatment at a monitoring host;
(6) The acoustic wave monitoring system based on optical fiber sensing provided by the invention uses a common communication optical fiber as a sensor, is simple to install, has strong signal anti-interference capability and is insensitive to temperature change.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An acoustic wave monitoring system based on optical fiber sensing, which comprises a monitoring host, is characterized in that,
the sound wave monitoring system further comprises an all-optical network for monitoring sound waves, a monitoring host for controlling the all-optical network and the all-optical network are connected with each other, the all-optical network comprises a plurality of optical fiber sensing probes connected in series with each other, the plurality of optical fiber sensing probes are respectively arranged in each area for monitoring sound waves and the noise source area, and all the optical fiber sensing probes in the plurality of optical fiber sensing probes comprise at least one optical fiber sensing probe module;
the plurality of optical fiber sensing probes comprise at least one denoising optical fiber sensing probe for extracting noise samples and at least one acoustic fiber sensing probe for acoustic monitoring, all the denoising optical fiber sensing probes in the at least one denoising optical fiber sensing probe are distributed in the noise source area, all the acoustic fiber sensing probes in the at least one acoustic fiber sensing probe are arranged in the areas for acoustic monitoring,
the monitoring host comprises a noise monitoring module, the noise monitoring module controls all the denoising optical fiber sensing probes to collect noise signals, and the monitoring host is configured to take sound signals collected by the denoising optical fiber sensing probes as noise samples and remove noise from the sound wave monitoring signals;
each area for carrying out acoustic monitoring is connected with at least one denoising optical fiber sensing probe in series, each denoising optical fiber sensing probe and each acoustic optical fiber sensing probe comprise at least one optical fiber sensing probe module, each optical fiber sensing probe module in the at least one optical fiber sensing probe module comprises an elastic cylinder and a plurality of turns of optical fibers, and the plurality of turns of optical fibers are wound on the elastic cylinder;
the optical fiber sensing probes are divided into a plurality of optical fiber sensing probes, the number of the optical fiber sensing probes which can be unpacked is the optical fiber length of the optical fiber sensing probes, the optical fiber length resolution of the monitoring host is smaller than 1 meter, each sensing unit on the optical fiber length resolution is mutually independent, and the monitoring host controls one or a plurality of the optical fiber sensing probes to be opened or closed.
2. The acoustic wave monitoring system based on optical fiber sensing as set forth in claim 1, wherein,
adjacent ones of the plurality of fiber-optic sensing probes are disposed a distance apart from one another.
3. The acoustic wave monitoring system based on optical fiber sensing as set forth in claim 2, wherein,
the different acoustic monitoring areas in the areas for acoustic monitoring are connected in series through the optical fiber sensing probes.
4. The acoustic wave monitoring system based on optical fiber sensing as set forth in claim 1, wherein,
the at least one optical fiber sensing probe module is a plurality of optical fiber sensing probe modules connected in series, and adjacent optical fiber sensing probe modules in the plurality of optical fiber sensing probe modules are connected with each other through optical fiber connectors or are in fusion connection with each other.
5. The optical fiber sensing based acoustic wave monitoring system according to any of claims 1-4, wherein,
adjacent ones of the plurality of fiber-optic sensing probes are connected to one another by a transmission fiber.
6. The optical fiber sensing based acoustic wave monitoring system of claim 5 wherein,
and a relay amplification module is arranged between at least one pair of adjacent optical fiber sensing probes in the plurality of optical fiber sensing probes.
7. The optical fiber sensing based acoustic wave monitoring system of claim 5 wherein,
the plurality of optical fiber sensing probes are connected with the monitoring host through the transmission optical fibers after being connected with each other in series.
8. The optical fiber sensing based acoustic wave monitoring system of claim 7 wherein,
the monitoring host is an optical fiber vibration sensing system based on the Rayleigh interference technology.
9. The optical fiber sensing based acoustic wave monitoring system of claim 8 wherein,
and the monitoring host performs average noise reduction processing on signals transmitted by the optical fiber sensing probes.
10. The acoustic wave monitoring system based on optical fiber sensing as set forth in claim 1, wherein,
the monitoring host activates at least one fiber-optic sensing probe of the plurality of fiber-optic sensing probes by multiplying the signal strength by 1,
the monitoring host stops at least one fiber-optic sensing probe of the plurality of fiber-optic sensing probes by multiplying the signal strength by 0.
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| CN201610119004.0A CN107152965B (en) | 2016-03-02 | 2016-03-02 | Sound wave monitoring system based on optical fiber sensing |
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